Josh Silver demos adjustable liquid-filled eyeglasses

47,192 views ・ 2009-09-01

TED


請雙擊下方英文字幕播放視頻。

譯者: Marie Wu 審譯者: Terry Lin
00:19
I'm going to tell you about one of the world's largest problems
0
19330
4000
我要告訴各位一個目前世人所面對的嚴重問題
00:23
and how it can be solved.
1
23330
4000
以及如何解決這個問題
00:27
I'd like to start with a little experiment.
2
27330
4000
在開始前,我想先進行一個實驗
00:31
Could you put your hand up if you wear glasses or contact lenses,
3
31330
6000
如果你有戴眼鏡或隱形眼鏡,請你把手舉起來
00:37
or you've had laser refractive surgery?
4
37330
3000
或是有做過雷射視力矯正手術?
00:40
Now, unfortunately, there are too many of you for me to do the statistics properly.
5
40330
7000
嗯,舉手的人數很多,我沒有辦法做很精確的統計
00:47
But it looks like -- I'm guessing -- that it'll be about 60 percent of the room
6
47330
5000
但是看起來,我猜,舉手的人大約佔百分之六十
00:52
because that's roughly the fraction of developed world population
7
52330
6000
因為這大約就是在已開發國家中
00:58
that have some sort of vision correction.
8
58330
3000
做過視力矯正的比例
01:02
The World Health Organization estimates --
9
62330
5000
世界衛生組織估計
01:07
well, they make various estimates of the number of people who need glasses --
10
67330
4000
嗯,針對眼鏡的需求,他們做過各式各樣的估計
01:11
the lowest estimate is 150 million people.
11
71330
4000
最保守的估計約有一億五千萬人需要眼鏡
01:15
They also have an estimate of around a billion.
12
75330
4000
最高的估計是十億人
01:19
But in fact, I would argue that we've just done an experiment here and now,
13
79330
4000
但是事實上,就我們剛才所做的實驗來看
01:23
which shows us that the global need for corrective eyewear
14
83330
4000
需要矯正視力的人口
01:27
is around half of any population.
15
87330
4000
約佔全世界人口的一半以上
01:31
And the problem of poor vision, is actually not just a health problem,
16
91330
7000
視力的問題,不僅僅是健康的問題
01:38
it's also an educational problem,
17
98330
3000
還是教育問題
01:41
and it's an economic problem, and it's a quality of life problem.
18
101330
6000
也是經濟問題,更是生活品質的問題
01:47
Glasses are not very expensive. They're quite plentiful.
19
107330
5000
玻璃並不貴,而且產量不虞匱乏
01:52
The problem is, there aren't enough eye care professionals in the world
20
112330
7000
問題是沒有足夠的專業人員
01:59
to use the model of the delivery of corrective eyewear
21
119330
4000
能夠運用現在已開發國家
02:03
that we have in the developed world.
22
123330
2000
所提供的視力矯正方案
02:05
There are just way too few eye care professionals.
23
125330
3000
問題就只在於專業人員太少
02:08
So this little slide here shows you an optometrist
24
128330
3000
現在投影片上所顯示的是一個驗光師
02:11
and the little blue person represents about 10,000 people
25
131330
5000
藍色的小人代表一萬個人
02:16
and that's the ratio in the U.K.
26
136330
2000
這是英國的比例
02:18
This is the ratio of optometrists to people in sub-Saharan Africa.
27
138330
5000
這是一個驗光師在非洲撒哈拉沙漠服務人數的比例
02:23
In fact, there are some countries in sub-Saharan Africa
28
143330
2000
事實上,在非洲撒哈拉沙漠的某些國家裡
02:25
where there's one optometrist for eight million of the population.
29
145330
6000
有些驗光師得一個人服務八百萬人
02:31
How do you do this? How do you solve this problem?
30
151330
4000
你會怎麼做?你會怎麼解決這個問題?
02:35
I came up with a solution to this problem,
31
155330
3000
我想到一個方法
02:38
and I came up with a solution based on adaptive optics for this.
32
158330
3000
我想到利用可調式光學鏡片來解決這個問題
02:41
And the idea is you make eye glasses, and you adjust them yourself
33
161330
4000
也就是你自己製作眼鏡,自己調整度數
02:45
and that solves the problem.
34
165330
2000
這樣就解決問題了
02:47
What I want to do is to show you that one can make a pair of glasses.
35
167330
8000
我要做的是讓你們知道,自己也可以做出一副眼鏡
02:55
I shall just show you how you make a pair of glasses. I shall pop this in my pocket.
36
175330
6000
我會告訴你們如何製作一副眼鏡,我先把這個放進口袋
03:01
I'm short sighted. I look at the signs at the end, I can hardly see them.
37
181330
5000
我有近視,我看得到走道盡頭有些標誌,但我看不清楚
03:06
So -- okay, I can now see that man running out there,
38
186330
4000
但現在,我能看到一個人往這邊跑
03:11
and I can see that guy running out there.
39
191330
2000
也看到另一個人往那邊跑
03:13
I've now made prescription eyewear to my prescription.
40
193330
3000
現在我可以為自己找出適合的鏡片度數
03:18
Next step in my process.
41
198330
3000
下一步是...
03:21
So, I've now made eye glasses to my prescription.
42
201330
4000
我有適合自己的度數的眼鏡了
03:26
Okay, so I've made these glasses and ...
43
206330
4000
好了,我做出眼鏡了
03:32
Okay, I've made the glasses to my prescription and ...
44
212330
5000
好了,我調整好度數了
03:39
... I've just ...
45
219330
2000
就像我剛才做的
03:51
And I've now made some glasses. That's it.
46
231330
3000
我已經製作出自己的眼鏡了,就像這樣
03:54
(Applause)
47
234330
7000
(掌聲)
04:01
Now, these aren't the only pair in the world.
48
241330
4000
這可不是世界上唯一的一副自製眼鏡
04:05
In fact, this technology's been evolving.
49
245330
3000
事實上,這個技術已經改良很多了
04:08
I started working on it in 1985,
50
248330
3000
我從1985年開始研究自製眼鏡
04:11
and it's been evolving very slowly.
51
251330
3000
進度其實很緩慢
04:14
There are about 30,000 in use now.
52
254330
2000
現在已有三萬人在使用了
04:16
And they're in fifteen countries. They're spread around the world.
53
256330
4000
遍及十五個國家,目前正在世界上其他國家推廣
04:20
And I have a vision, which I'll share with you.
54
260330
3000
我有一個願望,希望與你們分享
04:23
I have a global vision for vision.
55
263330
3000
我希望能改善世人的視力問題
04:26
And that vision is to try to get a billion people
56
266330
5000
我希望能有十億人
04:31
wearing the glasses they need by the year 2020.
57
271330
5000
在2020年前,戴上他們需要的眼鏡
04:36
To do that -- this is an early example of the technology.
58
276330
3000
目前這只是這項科技的初期樣品
04:39
The technology is being further developed --
59
279330
2000
這項科技已經又改良了
04:41
the cost has to be brought down.
60
281330
2000
成本也被降低了
04:43
This pair, in fact, these currently cost about 19 dollars.
61
283330
5000
這副眼鏡目前的成本是19美金
04:48
But the cost has to be brought right down.
62
288330
2000
但我們必須將成本再壓低
04:50
It has to be brought down because we're trying to serve populations
63
290330
3000
成本需要再降低的原因是我們希望服務的對象
04:53
who live on a dollar a day.
64
293330
2000
每天的生活費只有1美金
04:55
How do you solve this problem?
65
295330
2000
該怎麼解決這個問題呢?
04:57
You start to get into detail.
66
297330
2000
有一大堆的細節要處理
04:59
And on this slide, I'm basically explaining all the problems you have.
67
299330
5000
這張投影片上所顯示的,是目前我們所遭遇到的問題
05:04
How do you distribute? How do you work out how to fit the thing?
68
304330
4000
該怎麼配送?該怎麼組裝這副眼鏡?
05:08
How do you have people realizing that they have a vision problem?
69
308330
4000
你怎麼讓其他人瞭解他們有視力問題?
05:12
How do you deal with the industry?
70
312330
2000
怎麼解決工業生產的問題?
05:14
And the answer to that is research.
71
314330
4000
所有的問題都需要靠研究來解決。
05:18
What we've done is to set up the Center for Vision in the Developing World
72
318330
4000
我們已經在開發中國家的大學裡
05:22
here in the university.
73
322330
2000
設立了視力改善中心
05:24
If you want to know more, just come have a look at our website. Thank you.
74
324330
3000
若你想得到更多訊息,請上我們的網站查詢,謝謝
05:27
(Applause)
75
327330
2000
(掌聲)
關於本網站

本網站將向您介紹對學習英語有用的 YouTube 視頻。 您將看到來自世界各地的一流教師教授的英語課程。 雙擊每個視頻頁面上顯示的英文字幕,從那裡播放視頻。 字幕與視頻播放同步滾動。 如果您有任何意見或要求,請使用此聯繫表與我們聯繫。

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7