Robert Thurman: Expanding your circle of compassion

30,882 views ・ 2015-07-17

TED


Vă rugăm să faceți dublu clic pe subtitrările în limba engleză de mai jos pentru a reda videoclipul.

Traducător: milena moraru Corector: Brandusa Gheorghe
00:12
I want to open by quoting Einstein's wonderful statement,
0
12000
4000
Vreau sa incep prin a cita declaratia minunata a lui Einstein,
00:16
just so people will feel at ease that the great scientist of the 20th century
1
16000
5000
astfel incat sa va simtiti confortabil ca marele om de stiinta al secolului 20
00:21
also agrees with us, and also calls us to this action.
2
21000
4000
este de acord cu noi si ne cere sa actionam.
00:25
He said, "A human being is a part of the whole, called by us, the 'universe,' --
3
25000
5000
El a spus: "O fiinta umana este parte a unui intreg denumit de noi univers,
00:30
a part limited in time and space.
4
30000
3000
a parte limitata in timp si spatiu.
00:33
He experiences himself, his thoughts and feelings,
5
33000
3000
El se percepe, cu gandurile si sentimentele lui,
00:36
as something separated from the rest,
6
36000
3000
ca fiind ceva separat de rest,
00:39
a kind of optical delusion of his consciousness.
7
39000
4000
acea separatie fiind un fel de iluzie optica a constiintei sale.
00:43
This delusion is a kind of prison for us,
8
43000
3000
Aceasta iluzie este un fel de inchisoare pentru noi,
00:46
restricting us to our personal desires and to affection for a few persons nearest to us.
9
46000
6000
restrangandu-ne la dorintele noastra proprii si la afectiune pentru cateva persoane apropiate noua.
00:52
Our task must be to free ourselves from this prison by widening our circle of compassion,
10
52000
6000
Sarcina noastra e sa ne eliberam din aceasta inchisoare prin largirea cercului nostru de compasiune
00:58
to embrace all living creatures and the whole of nature in its beauty."
11
58000
4000
pentru a imbratisa toate creaturile vii si intreaga natura in frumusetea ei."
01:02
This insight of Einstein's is uncannily close to that of Buddhist psychology,
12
62000
5000
Viziunea lui Einstein este ciudat de apropiata de psihologia budista,
01:07
wherein compassion -- "karuna," it is called --
13
67000
4000
in care compasiunea, numita karuna,
01:11
is defined as, "the sensitivity to another's suffering
14
71000
3000
este definita ca: "Sensibilitatea fata de suferinta altuia
01:14
and the corresponding will to free the other from that suffering."
15
74000
5000
si vointa corespondenta de a-l elibera pe celalalt de acea suferinta."
01:19
It pairs closely with love, which is the will for the other to be happy,
16
79000
4000
Se apropie mult de conceptul de dragoste. Care este dorinta ca celalalt sa fie fericit.
01:23
which requires, of course, that one feels some happiness oneself
17
83000
4000
Care cere, bineinteles, ca o persoana sa se simta fericita
01:27
and wishes to share it.
18
87000
3000
si sa vrea sa impartaseasca aceasta fericire.
01:30
This is perfect in that it clearly opposes self-centeredness
19
90000
3000
Este perfect in sensul ca opune, in mod clar, egocentrismului
01:33
and selfishness to compassion, the concern for others,
20
93000
4000
si egoismului, compasiunea, grija fata de ceilalti,
01:37
and, further, it indicates that those caught in the cycle of self-concern
21
97000
5000
si, mai mult, indica faptul ca cei captivi in ciclul grijii fata de sine
01:42
suffer helplessly, while the compassionate are more free
22
102000
4000
sufera iremediabil, in timp ce cei ce practica compasiunea sunt mai liberi
01:46
and, implicitly, more happy.
23
106000
2000
si, in mod implicit, mai fericiti.
01:48
The Dalai Lama often states that compassion is his best friend.
24
108000
5000
Dalai Lama afirma adesea ca compasiunea e cel mai bun prieten al sau.
01:53
It helps him when he is overwhelmed with grief and despair.
25
113000
3000
Il ajuta cand este coplesit de tristete si disperare.
01:56
Compassion helps him turn away from the feeling of his suffering
26
116000
4000
Compasiunea il ajuta sa alunge sentimentul ca suferinta sa
02:00
as the most absolute, most terrible suffering anyone has ever had
27
120000
5000
este cea mai mare si dureroasa suferinta pe care a incercat-o cineva
02:05
and broadens his awareness of the sufferings of others,
28
125000
3000
si sa devina mult mai constient de suferinta altora,
02:08
even of the perpetrators of his misery and the whole mass of beings.
29
128000
5000
chiar si a celor care i-au provocat aceasta suferinta si a tuturor fiintelor.
02:13
In fact, suffering is so huge and enormous,
30
133000
3000
De fapt, suferinta este atat de mare,
02:16
his own becomes less and less monumental.
31
136000
3000
incat a sa devine din ce in ce mai putin monumentala.
02:19
And he begins to move beyond his self-concern into the broader concern for others.
32
139000
6000
Si el incepe sa se miste dincolo de grija fata de sine, catre grija extinsa fata de ceilalti.
02:25
And this immediately cheers him up,
33
145000
2000
Si el incepe imediat sa se bucure,
02:27
as his courage is stimulated to rise to the occasion.
34
147000
4000
iar curajul sau e stimulat sa se ridice la inaltimea ocaziei.
02:31
Thus, he uses his own suffering
35
151000
2000
De aceea, el foloseste suferinta sa
02:33
as a doorway to widening his circle of compassion.
36
153000
4000
ca o poarta pentru a-si largi cercul de compasiune.
02:37
He is a very good colleague of Einstein's, we must say.
37
157000
4000
El este un bun coleg al lui Einstein, trebuie sa spunem.
02:41
Now, I want to tell a story,
38
161000
2000
Acum vreau sa va spun o poveste
02:43
which is a very famous story in the Indian and Buddhist tradition,
39
163000
3000
foarte cunoscuta in traditia indiana si budista,
02:46
of the great Saint Asanga
40
166000
2000
cea a marelui Sfantului Asanga,
02:48
who was a contemporary of Augustine in the West
41
168000
3000
care a fost contemporan cu Sfantul Augustin din Vest,
02:51
and was sort of like the Buddhist Augustine.
42
171000
2000
si a fost un fel de Sfant Augustin budist.
02:53
And Asanga lived 800 years after the Buddha's time.
43
173000
4000
Asanga a trait la 800 de ani dupa Buddha.
02:57
And he was discontented with the state of people's practice
44
177000
3000
Si el era nemultumit de felul in care oamenii practicau
03:00
of the Buddhist religion in India at that time.
45
180000
2000
religia budista in India, la acea vreme.
03:02
And so he said, "I'm sick of all this. Nobody's really living the doctrine.
46
182000
4000
Si el a spus: "M-am saturat. Nimeni nu practica cu adevarat doctrina.
03:06
They're talking about love and compassion and wisdom and enlightenment,
47
186000
3000
Toti vorbesc de dragoste, compasiune, intelepciune si iluminare,
03:09
but they are acting selfish and pathetic.
48
189000
3000
dar actioneaza in mod egoist si jalnic.
03:12
So, Buddha's teaching has lost its momentum.
49
192000
3000
Deci invatatura lui Buddha si-a pierdut avantul.
03:15
I know the next Buddha will come a few thousand years from now,
50
195000
3000
Stiu ca noul Buddha va veni peste cateva mii de ani,
03:18
but exists currently in a certain heaven" -- that's Maitreya --
51
198000
4000
dar exista acum intr-un rai, numit Maitreya.
03:22
"so, I'm going to go on a retreat and I'm going to meditate
52
202000
3000
Deci, ma voi retrage si voi medita
03:25
and pray until the Buddha Maitreya reveals himself to me,
53
205000
4000
si ma voi ruga pana cand Buddha Maitreya mi se va revela
03:29
and gives me a teaching or something
54
209000
2000
si ma va invata ceva
03:31
to revive the practice of compassion in the world today."
55
211000
4000
pentru a reinvia practica compasiunii in lume astazi."
03:35
So he went on this retreat. And he meditated for three years
56
215000
3000
Deci s-a retras. Si a meditat trei ani
03:38
and he did not see the future Buddha Maitreya.
57
218000
2000
si nu l-a vazut pe viitorul Buddha Maitreya.
03:40
And he left in disgust.
58
220000
3000
Si a plecat dezgustat.
03:43
And as he was leaving, he saw a man --
59
223000
3000
Si, cum pleca, a vazut un om --
03:46
a funny little man sitting sort of part way down the mountain.
60
226000
3000
un omulet nostim -- care statea la baza muntelui.
03:49
And he had a lump of iron.
61
229000
3000
Acesta avea o bucata de fier.
03:52
And he was rubbing it with a cloth.
62
232000
2000
Si o stergea cu o carpa.
03:54
And he became interested in that.
63
234000
2000
Asanga a devenit interesat.
03:56
He said, "Well what are you doing?"
64
236000
2000
A spus: "Ei bine, ce faci?"
03:58
And the man said, "I'm making a needle."
65
238000
5000
Si omul a spus: "Fac un ac."
04:03
And he said, "That's ridiculous. You can't make a needle
66
243000
2000
Asanga a spus: "E ridicol. Nu poti sa faci un ac
04:05
by rubbing a lump of iron with a cloth."
67
245000
2000
frecand o bucata de fier cu o carpa."
04:07
And the man said, "Really?" And he showed him a dish full of needles.
68
247000
3000
Si omul a spus: "Serios?" Si i-a aratat o farfurie plina cu ace.
04:10
So he said, "Okay, I get the point."
69
250000
2000
Asanga a spus: "Okay, am inteles."
04:12
He went back to his cave. He meditated again.
70
252000
3000
S-a intors in pestera. A meditat din nou.
04:15
Another three years, no vision. He leaves again.
71
255000
3000
Inca trei ani, nici o viziune. Pleaca din nou.
04:18
This time, he comes down.
72
258000
2000
De aceasta data, coboara.
04:20
And as he's leaving, he sees a bird making a nest on a cliff ledge.
73
260000
4000
Si cum mergea, vede o pasare construindu-si un cuib pe o stanca.
04:24
And where it's landing to bring the twigs to the cliff,
74
264000
4000
Si unde ateriza, pentru a aduce ramurele pe stanca,
04:28
its feathers brushes the rock -- and it had cut the rock
75
268000
4000
penele ei ating piatra, si taiasera piatra,
04:32
six to eight inches in. There was a cleft in the rock
76
272000
3000
15-20 de centimetri inauntru, era o crapatura in piatra
04:35
by the brushing of the feathers of generations of the birds.
77
275000
3000
datorita atingerii penelor generatiilor de pasari.
04:38
So he said, "All right. I get the point." He went back.
78
278000
2000
Deci a spus: "Bine. Am inteles." S-a intors.
04:40
Another three years.
79
280000
2000
Alti trei ani.
04:42
Again, no vision of Maitreya after nine years.
80
282000
2000
Din nou, nici o viziune a lui Maitreya dupa noua ani.
04:44
And he again leaves, and this time: water dripping,
81
284000
3000
Si pleaca din nou si, de data aceasta, apa cade
04:47
making a giant bowl in the rock where it drips in a stream.
82
287000
4000
facand o scobitura uriasa in piatra pe care apa curge suvoi.
04:51
And so, again, he goes back. And after 12 years there is still no vision.
83
291000
4000
Si, din nou, se intoarce. Si dupa 12 ani inca nu are nici o viziune.
04:55
And he's freaked out. And he won't even look left or right
84
295000
2000
Si este innebunit. Si nici nu se mai uita la stanga sau la dreapta
04:57
to see any encouraging vision.
85
297000
2000
pentru a vedea o viziune incurajatoare.
04:59
And he comes to the town. He's a broken person.
86
299000
3000
Si se intoarce in oras. Este o persoana distrusa.
05:02
And there, in the town, he's approached by a dog
87
302000
3000
Si acolo, in oras, un caine se apropie de el,
05:05
who comes like this -- one of these terrible dogs you can see in some poor countries,
88
305000
5000
care vine asa, unul din acei caini groaznici pe care ii vezi in anumite tari sarace,
05:10
even in America, I think, in some areas --
89
310000
2000
chiar si in America, cred, in anumite zone,
05:12
and he's looking just terrible.
90
312000
2000
si arata jalnic.
05:14
And he becomes interested in this dog because it's so pathetic,
91
314000
3000
Si acest caine ii atrage atentia fiindca este atat de jalnic,
05:17
and it's trying to attract his attention. And he sits down looking at the dog.
92
317000
3000
si incearca sa ii atraga atentia. Si se aseaza si se uita la acel caine.
05:20
And the dog's whole hindquarters are a complete open sore.
93
320000
5000
Si posteriorul cainelui este o rana deschisa.
05:25
Some of it is like gangrenous,
94
325000
2000
Si o parte este atinsa de gangrena.
05:27
and there are maggots in the flesh. And it's terrible.
95
327000
3000
Si are larve in carne. Este groaznic.
05:30
He thinks, "What can I do to fix up this dog?
96
330000
3000
Se gandeste: "Ce pot face sa ajut acest caine?"
05:33
Well, at least I can clean this wound and wash it."
97
333000
3000
Ei bine, cel putin pot sa-i curat rana si sa-l spal."
05:36
So, he takes it to some water. He's about to clean,
98
336000
2000
Deci, il duce la o apa, este gata sa il curete,
05:38
but then his awareness focuses on the maggots.
99
338000
4000
apoi atentia ii este atrasa de larve.
05:42
And he sees the maggots, and the maggots are kind of looking a little cute.
100
342000
3000
Si vede larvele, si acestea par destul de dragute.
05:45
And they're maggoting happily in the dog's hindquarters there.
101
345000
3000
Si ele traiesc fericite pe posteriorul cainelui.
05:48
"Well, if I clean the dog, I'll kill the maggots. So how can that be?
102
348000
4000
"Ei bine, daca voi curata cainele, voi ucide larvele. Cum se poate asa ceva?
05:52
That's it. I'm a useless person and there's no Buddha, no Maitreya,
103
352000
3000
Asta e. Sunt o persoana nefolositoare si nu este niciun Buddha, niciun Maitreya
05:55
and everything is all hopeless.
104
355000
2000
si nu este speranta.
05:57
And now I'm going to kill the maggots?"
105
357000
3000
Si acum voi ucide larvele?"
06:00
So, he had a brilliant idea.
106
360000
2000
Deci, a avut o idee geniala.
06:02
And he took a shard of something, and cut a piece of flesh from his thigh,
107
362000
5000
A luat un ciob si si-a taiat o bucata de carne din coapsa
06:07
and he placed it on ground.
108
367000
2000
si a pus-o pe pamant.
06:09
He was not really thinking too carefully about the ASPCA.
109
369000
4000
Nu s-a gandit prea bine la ASPCA.(Societatea Americana pentru Prevenirea Cruzimii impotriva Animalelor).
06:13
He was just immediately caught with the situation.
110
373000
2000
Imediat a fost prins de aceasta situatie.
06:15
So he thought, "I will take the maggots and put them on this piece of flesh,
111
375000
3000
Deci s-a gandit: "Voi lua aceste larve si le voi pune pe aceasta bucata de carne,
06:18
then clean the dog's wounds, and then
112
378000
3000
apoi voi curata rana cainelui si, apoi,
06:21
I'll figure out what to do with the maggots."
113
381000
3000
o sa-mi dau seama ce sa fac cu larvele."
06:24
So he starts to do that. He can't grab the maggots.
114
384000
2000
Si a inceput operatia. Dar nu putea prinde larvele.
06:26
Apparently they wriggle around. They're kind of hard to grab, these maggots.
115
386000
4000
Se pare ca acestea se zbat. Sunt greu de prins aceste larve.
06:30
So he says, "Well, I'll put my tongue on the dog's flesh.
116
390000
4000
Deci a spus: "O sa-mi pun limba pe carnea cainelui.
06:34
And then the maggots will jump on my warmer tongue" --
117
394000
2000
Si larvele vor sari pe limba mea care este mai calda.
06:36
the dog is kind of used up --
118
396000
2000
Cainele e cam folosit.
06:38
"and then I'll spit them one by one down on the thing."
119
398000
3000
Si apoi le voi scuipa una cate una pe carne."
06:41
So he goes down, and he's sticking his tongue out like this.
120
401000
3000
Deci se apleaca si isi lipeste limba in felul acesta.
06:44
And he had to close his eyes, it's so disgusting, and the smell and everything.
121
404000
5000
Si trebuie sa inchida ochii, este atat de dezgustator si mirosul si tot restul.
06:49
And then, suddenly, there's a pfft, a noise like that.
122
409000
2000
Si, atunci, dintr-odata, aude un sunet ca acesta.
06:51
He jumps back and there, of course, is the future Buddha Maitreya
123
411000
4000
Se intoarce si il vede pe viitorul Buddha Maitreya.
06:55
in a beautiful vision -- rainbow lights, golden, jeweled, a plasma body,
124
415000
7000
Intr-o viziune minunata cu luminile curcubeului, aurit, acoperit de bijuterii, corp de plasma,
07:02
an exquisite mystic vision -- that he sees.
125
422000
2000
vede o viziune mistica superba.
07:04
And he says, "Oh." He bows.
126
424000
2000
Si spune: "Oh." Se inclina.
07:06
But, being human, he's immediately thinking of his next complaint.
127
426000
4000
Dar, fiind om, se gandeste imediat la urmatoarea sa nemultumire.
07:10
So as he comes up from his first bow he says,
128
430000
2000
Deci, cum se ridica, spune:
07:12
"My Lord, I'm so happy to see you, but where have you been for 12 years?
129
432000
4000
"Stapane, sunt fericit sa te vad, dar unde ai fost in ultimii 12 ani?
07:16
What is this?"
130
436000
2000
Ce este asta?"
07:18
And Maitreya says, "I was with you. Who do you think was making needles
131
438000
3000
Si Maitreya spune: "Am fost cu tine. Cine crezi ca facea ace
07:21
and making nests and dripping on rocks for you, mister dense?"
132
441000
4000
si cuiburi si picura apa pe pietre pentru tine, domnule greu-de-cap?"
07:25
(Laughter)
133
445000
2000
(Rasete)
07:27
"Looking for the Buddha in person," he said.
134
447000
3000
"Uitandu-se dupa Buddha in persoana." a spus.
07:30
And he said, "You didn't have, until this moment, real compassion.
135
450000
6000
Si a spus: "Pana atunci, nu aveai compasiune adevarata.
07:36
And, until you have real compassion, you cannot recognize love."
136
456000
3000
Si pana nu ai compasiune adevarata, nu poti recunoaste dragostea."
07:39
"Maitreya" means love, "the loving one," in Sanskrit.
137
459000
4000
Stiti ca, in sanscrita, Maitreya inseamna dragoste, cel iubit.
07:43
And so he looked very dubious, Asanga did.
138
463000
2000
Si deci el arata foarte ciudat, credea Asanga.
07:45
And he said, "If you don't believe me, just take me with you."
139
465000
3000
Si a spus: "Daca nu ma crezi, ia-ma cu tine."
07:48
And so he took the Maitreya -- it shrunk into a globe, a ball --
140
468000
5000
Si l-a luat pe Maitreya -- l-a micsorat intr-un glob, o minge --
07:53
took him on his shoulder.
141
473000
2000
si l-a pus pe umar.
07:55
And he ran into town in the marketplace, and he said, "Rejoice! Rejoice!
142
475000
4000
Si s-a dus in piata orasului si a spus: "Bucurati-va. Bucurati-va.
07:59
The future Buddha has come ahead of all predictions. Here he is."
143
479000
4000
Viitorul Buddha a sosit inaintea tuturor previziunilor. Iata-l."
08:03
And then pretty soon they started throwing rocks and stones at him --
144
483000
3000
Si destul de curand au inceput sa arunce cu pietre in el --
08:06
it wasn't Chautauqua, it was some other town --
145
486000
3000
Nu era Chautauqua.Era alt oras --
08:09
because they saw a demented looking, scrawny looking yogi man,
146
489000
4000
fiindca ei au vazut un yoghin care arata ca un nebun,
08:13
like some kind of hippie, with a bleeding leg and a rotten dog on his shoulder,
147
493000
5000
un fel de hippie cu un picior care sangera si un caine putrezit pe umarul sau,
08:18
shouting that the future Buddha had come.
148
498000
2000
strigand ca noul Buddha a sosit.
08:20
So, naturally, they chased him out of town.
149
500000
2000
Deci, normal ca l-au alungat din oras.
08:22
But on the edge of town, one elderly lady, a charwoman in the charnel ground,
150
502000
5000
Dar la marginea orasului, o femeie batrana, o femeie cu ziua intr-un cimitir,
08:27
saw a jeweled foot on a jeweled lotus on his shoulder and then the dog,
151
507000
4000
a vazut pe umarul sau un picior cu bijuterii pe un lotus cu bijuterii si apoi cainele,
08:31
but she saw the jewel foot of the Maitreya, and she offered a flower.
152
511000
4000
dar ea a vazut piciorul cu bijuterii al lui Maitreya si i-a oferit o floare.
08:35
So that encouraged him, and he went with Maitreya.
153
515000
3000
Si acest gest l-a incurajat si a mers mai departe cu Maitreya.
08:38
Maitreya then took him to a certain heaven,
154
518000
2000
Iar Maitreya l-a luat intr-un anumit rai,
08:40
which is the typical way a Buddhist myth unfolds.
155
520000
3000
in felul in care mitul budist se desfasoara de obicei.
08:43
And Maitreya then kept him in heaven for five years,
156
523000
2000
Si Maitreya l-a tinut in rai cinci ani,
08:45
dictating to him five complicated tomes
157
525000
4000
dictandu-i cinci tomuri complicate
08:49
of the methodology of how you cultivate compassion.
158
529000
3000
privind metodologia cultivarii compasiunii.
08:52
And then I thought I would share with you what that method is, or one of them.
159
532000
3000
Si atunci m-am gandit sa impart cu voi acea metoda sau una dintre ele.
08:55
A famous one, it's called the "Sevenfold Causal Method of Developing Compassion."
160
535000
5000
Una faimoasa, se numeste, "Metoda cauzala in sapte pasi pentru dezvoltarea compasiunii."
09:00
And it begins first by one meditating and visualizing that all beings are with one --
161
540000
7000
Incepe prin meditatie si vizualizarea faptului ca toate fiintele sunt cu tine,
09:07
even animals too, but everyone is in human form.
162
547000
4000
si toate -- chiar si animalele -- dar fiecare este in forma umana.
09:11
The animals are in one of their human lives. The humans are human.
163
551000
3000
Animalele sunt in una din formele lor umane. Toate fiintele umane sunt umane.
09:14
And then, among them, you think of your friends and loved ones, the circle at the table.
164
554000
5000
Si atunci, printre ele, te gandesti la prietenii tai si la cei pe care ii iubesti, cercul de la masa.
09:19
And you think of your enemies, and you think of the neutral ones.
165
559000
3000
Si te gandesti la inamicii tai si te gandesti la cei neutri.
09:22
And then you try to say, "Well, the loved ones I love.
166
562000
4000
Si apoi incerci sa spui, "EI bine, ii iubesc pe cei apropiati.
09:26
But, you know, after all, they're nice to me.
167
566000
2000
Dar, stii, una peste alta, ei sunt buni cu mine.
09:28
I had fights with them. Sometimes they were unfriendly.
168
568000
2000
M-am certat cu ei. Cateodata au fost neprietenosi.
09:30
I got mad. Brothers can fight. Parents and children can fight.
169
570000
3000
M-am suparat. Fratii se pot certa. Parintii si copiii se pot certa.
09:33
So, in a way, I like them so much because they're nice to me.
170
573000
4000
Deci, intr-un fel, imi place mult de ei fiindca sunt buni cu mine.
09:37
While the neutral ones I don't know. They could all be just fine.
171
577000
4000
Cat despre cei neutri, nu stiu. Ar putea fi in regula.
09:41
And then the enemies I don't like because they're mean to me.
172
581000
4000
Si apoi, pe inamici nu ii plac fiindca sunt rai cu mine.
09:45
But they are nice to somebody. I could be them."
173
585000
3000
Dar ei sunt buni cu cineva. As putea fi ei."
09:48
And then the Buddhists, of course, think that, because we've all had infinite previous lives,
174
588000
4000
Si, apoi, bineinteles, budistii cred ca, fiindca toti am avut un numar infinit de vieti inainte,
09:52
we've all been each other's relatives, actually.
175
592000
4000
budistii cred ca toti am fost rudele celorlalti, de fapt,
09:56
Therefore all of you, in the Buddhist view,
176
596000
2000
si toata lumea, deci toti dintre voi, in gandirea budista
09:58
in some previous life, although you don't remember it and neither do I,
177
598000
4000
intr-o viata anterioara, desi nu va aduceti aminte si nici eu,
10:02
have been my mother -- for which I do apologize for the trouble I caused you.
178
602000
5000
ati fost mama mea, si imi cer scuze pentru necazurile pe care vi le-am provocat.
10:07
And also, actually, I've been your mother.
179
607000
3000
Si, de asemenea, si eu v-am fost mama.
10:10
I've been female, and I've been every single one of yours' mother in a previous life,
180
610000
3000
Am fost femeie si am fost pentru fiecare dintre voi, mama ta intr-o viata anterioara,
10:13
the way the Buddhists reflect.
181
613000
2000
conform gandirii budiste.
10:15
So, my mother in this life is really great. But all of you in a way
182
615000
3000
Deci, mama mea din aceasta viata e extraordinara. Dar toti dintre voi, intr-un fel,
10:18
are part of the eternal mother.
183
618000
3000
sunteti parte a mamei eterne.
10:21
You gave me that expression; "the eternal mama," you said. That's wonderful.
184
621000
4000
V-ati uitat la mine cu acea expresie, mama eterna, ai spus. Este minunat.
10:25
So, that's the way the Buddhists do it.
185
625000
2000
Deci, asa gandesc budistii.
10:27
A theist Christian can think that all beings, even my enemies, are God's children.
186
627000
5000
Un teist, crestin, crede ca toate fiintele, chiar si inamicii mei, sunt copiii lui Dumnezeu.
10:32
So, in that sense, we're related.
187
632000
2000
Deci, intr-un fel, suntem inruditi.
10:34
So, they first create this foundation of equality.
188
634000
3000
Deci, ei creeaza mai intai aceasta fundatie a egalitatii.
10:37
So, we sort of reduce a little of the clinging to the ones we love --
189
637000
4000
Deci, reducem un pic agatarea de cei pe care ii iubim --
10:41
just in the meditation -- and we open our mind to those we don't know.
190
641000
4000
doar in meditatie -- si ne deschidem mintea catre cei pe care nu ii cunoastem.
10:45
And we definitely reduce the hostility and the "I don't want to be compassionate to them"
191
645000
4000
Si reducem in mod sigur ostilitatea si "Nu vreau sa-mi arat compasiunea fata de ei."
10:49
to the ones we think of as the bad guys, the ones we hate and we don't like.
192
649000
5000
catre cei despre care cred ca sunt rai, cei pe care ii uram si nu ii placem.
10:54
And we don't hate anyone, therefore. So we equalize. That's very important.
193
654000
3000
De aceea, nu uram pe nimeni. Deci egalizam. Este foarte important.
10:57
And then the next thing we do is what is called "mother recognition."
194
657000
4000
Si apoi urmatorul lucru pe care il facem se numeste recunoasterea mamei.
11:01
And that is, we think of every being as familiar, as family.
195
661000
5000
Adica, ne gandim la fiecare fiinta umana ca la o ruda, la familie.
11:06
We expand. We take the feeling about remembering a mama,
196
666000
5000
Extindem. Luam sentimentul despre reamintirea mamei,
11:11
and we defuse that to all beings in this meditation.
197
671000
4000
si il difuzam fata de toate fiintele umane in aceasta meditatie.
11:15
And we see the mother in every being.
198
675000
2000
Vedem mama in fiecare fiinta umana.
11:17
We see that look that the mother has on her face,
199
677000
3000
Vedem privirea mamei,
11:20
looking at this child that is a miracle
200
680000
2000
acea privire catre copilul ei care este un miracol
11:22
that she has produced from her own body, being a mammal,
201
682000
3000
pe care ea l-a creat din propriul corp, fiind un mamifer,
11:25
where she has true compassion, truly is the other, and identifies completely.
202
685000
4000
pentru care are compasiune adevarata, realmente e celalalt si ea se identifica complet cu acesta.
11:29
Often the life of that other will be more important to her than her own life.
203
689000
4000
Deseori viata celuilalt va fi mai importanta pentru ea decat viata ei.
11:33
And that's why it's the most powerful form of altruism.
204
693000
3000
Si de aceea este cea mai puternica forma de altruism.
11:36
The mother is the model of all altruism for human beings,
205
696000
4000
Mama este modelul de altruism pentru fiintele umane,
11:40
in spiritual traditions.
206
700000
3000
in traditiile spirituale.
11:43
And so, we reflect until we can sort of see that motherly expression in all beings.
207
703000
6000
Si deci, reflectam pana cand putem vedea acea expresie a mamei in toate fiintele.
11:49
People laugh at me because, you know, I used to say that
208
709000
3000
Oamenii rad de mine fiindca, stiti, obisnuiam sa spun ca
11:52
I used to meditate on mama Cheney as my mom,
209
712000
4000
obisnuiam sa meditez la mama Cheney ca mama mea,
11:56
when, of course, I was annoyed with him about all of his evil doings in Iraq.
210
716000
5000
cand, bineinteles, ma enervau lucrurile rele pe care le facea in Irak.
12:01
I used to meditate on George Bush. He's quite a cute mom in a female form.
211
721000
3000
Obisnuiam sa ma gandesc la George Bush. E o mama draguta intr-o forma feminina.
12:04
He has his little ears and he smiles and he rocks you in his arms.
212
724000
3000
Are urechile acelea mici si zambeste si te strange in brate.
12:07
And you think of him as nursing you.
213
727000
3000
Si te gandesti la el ca si cand ar avea grija de tine.
12:10
And then Saddam Hussein's serious mustache is a problem,
214
730000
3000
Si apoi mustata lui Saddam Hussein este o problema.
12:13
but you think of him as a mom.
215
733000
3000
Dar te gandesti la el ca la o mama.
12:16
And this is the way you do it. You take any being who looks weird to you,
216
736000
2000
Asta trebuie sa faci. Iei orice fiinta care iti pare ciudata
12:18
and you see how they could be familiar to you.
217
738000
4000
si vezi cum ar putea sa iti devina familiara.
12:22
And you do that for a while, until you really feel that.
218
742000
4000
Si faci asta pana cand simti realmente asta.
12:26
You can feel the familiarity of all beings.
219
746000
2000
Poti sa simti familiaritatea tuturor fiintelor.
12:28
Nobody seems alien. They're not "other."
220
748000
2000
Nimeni nu pare strain. Nu sunt "celalalt".
12:30
You reduce the feeling of otherness about beings.
221
750000
3000
Reduci sentimentul de diferenta fata de celelalte fiinte.
12:33
Then you move from there to remembering the kindness of mothers in general,
222
753000
5000
Apoi te muti de aici la rememorarea blandetii mamelor in general,
12:38
if you can remember the kindness of your own mother,
223
758000
2000
daca-ti poti aminti blandetea mamei tale,
12:40
if you can remember the kindness of your spouse,
224
760000
2000
daca-ti poti aduce aminte de blandetea sotiei tale,
12:42
or, if you are a mother yourself, how you were with your children.
225
762000
3000
sau, daca tu esti o mama, la cum te purtai cu copiii tai.
12:45
And you begin to get very sentimental; you cultivate sentimentality intensely.
226
765000
5000
Si incepi sa devii sentimental, cultivi sentimentalismul in mod intens.
12:50
You will even weep, perhaps, with gratitude and kindness.
227
770000
3000
Vei plange, poate, cu gratitudine si blandete.
12:53
And then you connect that with your feeling that everyone has that motherly possibility.
228
773000
4000
Si atunci te conectezi cu sentimentul ca oricine are aceasta posibilitate materna.
12:57
Every being, even the most mean looking ones, can be motherly.
229
777000
5000
Fiecare fiinta, chiar si cele mai rele, poate fi materna.
13:02
And then, third, you step from there to what is called "a feeling of gratitude."
230
782000
4000
Si apoi, in al treilea rand, ajungi la sentimentul de gratitudine.
13:06
You want to repay that kindness that all beings have shown to you.
231
786000
4000
Vrei sa rasplatesti bunatatea pe care toate fiintele ti-au aratat-o.
13:10
And then the fourth step, you go to what is called "lovely love."
232
790000
4000
Si, apoi, al patrulea pas, ajungi la ceea ce se numeste dragoste.
13:14
In each one of these you can take some weeks, or months, or days
233
794000
2000
Fiecare pas ia cateva saptamani, luni sau zile
13:16
depending on how you do it, or you can do them in a run, this meditation.
234
796000
4000
in functie de cum il faci, sau poti sa faci toate etapele acestei meditatii odata.
13:20
And then you think of how lovely beings are when they are happy,
235
800000
5000
Si atunci te gandesti cat de incantatoari sunt oamenii cand sunt fericiti.
13:25
when they are satisfied.
236
805000
2000
cand sunt satisfacuti.
13:27
And every being looks beautiful when they are internally feeling a happiness.
237
807000
4000
Si fiecare fiinta arata minunat cand se simte fericita in adancul sufletului.
13:31
Their face doesn't look like this. When they're angry, they look ugly, every being,
238
811000
4000
Fata lor nu arata asa. Cand sunt furiosi, ei arata urati, fiecare fiinta,
13:35
but when they're happy they look beautiful.
239
815000
2000
dar cand sunt fericiti arata minunat.
13:37
And so you see beings in their potential happiness.
240
817000
3000
Deci vezi fiinte potential fericite.
13:40
And you feel a love toward them and you want them to be happy, even the enemy.
241
820000
3000
Si simti dragoste pentru ei si vrei sa fie fericiti, chiar si dusmanul tau.
13:43
We think Jesus is being unrealistic
242
823000
2000
Si, de fapt, este foarte logic sa vrei --
13:45
when he says, "Love thine enemy."
243
825000
4000
credem ca Isus e nerealist cand spune sa iti iubesti dusmanul.
13:49
He does say that, and we think he's being unrealistic
244
829000
3000
El spune asta si noi credem ca este nerealist
13:52
and sort of spiritual and highfalutin. "Nice for him to say it, but I can't do that."
245
832000
3000
si spiritual si bombastic: "Dragut din partea lui ca spune asta, dar nu pot face asta."
13:55
But, actually, that's practical.
246
835000
2000
Dar, de fapt, este practic.
13:57
If you love your enemy that means you want your enemy to be happy.
247
837000
3000
Daca iti iubesti dusmanul inseamna ca vrei ca dusmanul sa fie fericit.
14:00
If your enemy was really happy, why would they bother to be your enemy?
248
840000
4000
Daca inamicul era intr-adevar fericit, de ce s-ar mai deranja sa iti fie dusman?
14:04
How boring to run around chasing you.
249
844000
2000
Cat de plictisitor sa te urmareasca.
14:06
They would be relaxing somewhere having a good time.
250
846000
3000
S-ar relaxa undeva si s-ar distra.
14:09
So it makes sense to want your enemy to be happy,
251
849000
2000
Deci are sens sa vrei ca dusmanul sa fie fericit
14:11
because they'll stop being your enemy because that's too much trouble.
252
851000
3000
fiindca vor inceta sa-ti fie dusmani fiindca e prea mare deranjul.
14:14
But anyway, that's the "lovely love. "
253
854000
2000
Dar, oricum, asta e dragostea incantatoare.
14:16
And then finally, the fifth step is compassion, "universal compassion."
254
856000
4000
Si, in sfarsit, al cincilea pas este compasiunea, compasiunea universala.
14:20
And that is where you then look at the reality of all the beings you can think of.
255
860000
6000
Aceasta are loc cand te uiti la realitatea tuturor fiintelor la care te poti gandi.
14:26
And you look at them, and you see how they are.
256
866000
2000
Si te uiti la ele si le vezi asa cum sunt.
14:28
And you realize how unhappy they are actually, mostly, most of the time.
257
868000
4000
Si iti dai seama cat de nefericite sunt de fapt in majoritatea timpului.
14:32
You see that furrowed brow in people.
258
872000
2000
Vezi aceasta frunte brazdate la unii oameni.
14:34
And then you realize they don't even have compassion on themselves.
259
874000
3000
Si apoi iti dai seama ca ei nu au compasiune nici macar pentru ei.
14:37
They're driven by this duty and this obligation.
260
877000
2000
Sunt condusi de aceasta datorie si obligatie.
14:39
"I have to get that. I need more. I'm not worthy. And I should do something."
261
879000
4000
"Trebuie sa obtin asta. Am nevoie de mai mult. Nu valorez nimic. Ar trebui sa fac ceva."
14:43
And they're rushing around all stressed out.
262
883000
2000
Si se grabesc stresati.
14:45
And they think of it as somehow macho, hard discipline on themselves.
263
885000
4000
Si se gandesc la asta ca la ceva macho, o disciplina dura pe care si-o aplica.
14:49
But actually they are cruel to themselves.
264
889000
3000
Dar, de fapt, ei sunt cruzi cu ei insisi.
14:52
And, of course, they are cruel and ruthless toward others.
265
892000
2000
Si, bineinteles, ei sunt cruzi si necrutatori cu ceilalti.
14:54
And they, then, never get any positive feedback.
266
894000
2000
Si apoi, ei nu primesc nici un feedback pozitiv.
14:56
And the more they succeed and the more power they have,
267
896000
2000
Si cu cat reusesc, cu cat mai multa putere au,
14:58
the more unhappy they are.
268
898000
2000
cu atat mai nefericiti sunt.
15:00
And this is where you feel real compassion for them.
269
900000
3000
Si pentru asta simtim compasiune reala pentru ei.
15:03
And you then feel you must act.
270
903000
3000
Si simti ca trebuie sa actionezi.
15:06
And the choice of the action, of course,
271
906000
2000
Si aceasta este motivatia --
15:08
hopefully will be more practical
272
908000
4000
Si alegerea actiunii, bineinteles, va fi, din fericire, mai practica
15:12
than poor Asanga, who was fixing the maggots on the dog
273
912000
4000
decat aceea a nefericitului Asanga care aranja larvele pe caine,
15:16
because he had that motivation, and whoever was in front of him,
274
916000
3000
fiindca el era motivat si ar fi vrut sa ajute
15:19
he wanted to help.
275
919000
2000
pe oricine era in fata lui.
15:21
But, of course, that is impractical. He should have founded the ASPCA in the town
276
921000
4000
Dar, desigur, nu e practic. Ar fi trebuit sa infiinteze ASPCA in oras
15:25
and gotten some scientific help for dogs and maggots.
277
925000
3000
si ar fi primit consultanta stiintifica referitoare la caini si larve.
15:28
And I'm sure he did that later. (Laughter) But that just indicates the state of mind, you know.
278
928000
6000
Sunt sigur ca, mai tarziu, asa a facut. Dar, stiti, asta indica doar ceea ce gandea.
15:34
And so the next step -- the sixth step beyond "universal compassion" --
279
934000
4000
Si, deci, pasul urmator, al saselea pas dincolo de compasiunea universala,
15:38
is this thing where you're linked with the needs of others in a true way,
280
938000
4000
care este acela cand te conectezi cu adevarat la nevoile celorlati
15:42
and you have compassion for yourself also,
281
942000
3000
si ai compasiune si pentru tine
15:45
and it isn't sentimental only. You might be in fear of something.
282
945000
3000
si nu ai, nu este doar sentimental. Ti-ar putea fi frica de ceva.
15:48
Some bad guy is making himself more and more unhappy
283
948000
3000
Un tip rau devine din ce in ce mai nefericit
15:51
being more and more mean to other people
284
951000
2000
si este din ce in ce mai rau cu altii
15:53
and getting punished in the future for it in various ways.
285
953000
3000
si va fi pedepsit in viitor pentru asta in moduri diverse.
15:56
And in Buddhism, they catch it in the future life.
286
956000
3000
Si, in budism, asta se intampla intr-o viata viitoare.
15:59
Of course in theistic religion they're punished by God or whatever.
287
959000
3000
Bineinteles, in religia teista sunt pedepsiti de Dumnezeu sau oricine altcineva.
16:02
And materialism, they think they get out of it just by not existing,
288
962000
2000
Si, in materialism, ei cred ca scapa doar fiindca nu mai exista,
16:04
by dying, but they don't.
289
964000
3000
murind, dar nu este asa.
16:07
And so they get reborn as whatever, you know.
290
967000
3000
Si, deci, ei renasc intr-o forma oarecare.
16:10
Never mind. I won't get into that.
291
970000
2000
Nu conteaza. Nu am sa ating subiectul.
16:12
But the next step is called "universal responsibility."
292
972000
3000
Pasul urmator este numit raspunderea universala.
16:15
And that is very important -- the Charter of Compassion
293
975000
3000
Si acesta este foarte importat -- Carta Compasiunii
16:18
must lead us to develop through true compassion,
294
978000
3000
trebuie sa ne determine sa dezvoltam compasiunea reala
16:21
what is called "universal responsibility."
295
981000
2000
care se numeste responsabilitate universala.
16:23
In the great teaching of his Holiness the Dalai Lama
296
983000
4000
Si asta inseamna ca invatatura Sfintiei Sale, Dalai Lama,
16:27
that he always teaches everywhere, he says
297
987000
2000
pe care el o predica oriunde, si el spune
16:29
that that is the common religion of humanity: kindness.
298
989000
3000
ca religia comuna a umanitatii este bunatatea.
16:32
But "kindness" means "universal responsibility."
299
992000
2000
Dar bunatate inseamna responsabilitate universala.
16:34
And that means whatever happens to other beings is happening to us:
300
994000
4000
Si asta inseamna ca orice se intampla altor fiinte ni se intampla noua,
16:38
we are responsible for that, and we should take it
301
998000
4000
ca sunt responsabili pentru asta si ar trebui sa ne-o asumam
16:42
and do whatever we can at whatever little level
302
1002000
2000
si sa facem orice putem la orice nivel mare sau mic
16:44
and small level that we can do it.
303
1004000
2000
la care putem actiona.
16:46
We absolutely must do that. There is no way not to do it.
304
1006000
4000
Neaparat trebuie sa facem asta. Nu este nici un motiv sa nu o facem.
16:50
And then, finally, that leads to a new orientation in life
305
1010000
4000
Si, apoi, asta duce la o noua orientare in viata.
16:54
where we live equally for ourselves and for others
306
1014000
4000
in care traim in mod egal pentru noi si ceilalti
16:58
and we are
307
1018000
4000
si cream acea fericire pentru noi,
17:02
joyful and happy.
308
1022000
2000
si suntem fericiti.
17:04
One thing we mustn't think is that compassion makes you miserable.
309
1024000
3000
Un lucru pe care nu trebuie sa il gandim e ca compasiunea ne face nefericiti.
17:07
Compassion makes you happy.
310
1027000
2000
Compasiunea ne face fericiti.
17:09
The first person who is happy when you get great compassion is yourself,
311
1029000
4000
Prima persoana care este fericita, cand primesti multa compasiune, esti tu,
17:13
even if you haven't done anything yet for anybody else.
312
1033000
2000
chiar cand nu ai facut nimic pentru altcineva.
17:15
Although, the change in your mind already does something for other beings:
313
1035000
5000
Desi schimbarea in mintea ta face deja ceva pentru alte fiinte.
17:20
they can sense this new quality in yourself,
314
1040000
3000
Ei pot sesiza aceasta noua calitate in tine
17:23
and it helps them already, and gives them an example.
315
1043000
2000
si ii ajuta deja si le da un exemplu.
17:25
And that uncompassionate clock has just showed me that it's all over.
316
1045000
4000
Si acest ceas lipsit de compasiune tocmai mi-a aratat ca s-a terminat.
17:29
So, practice compassion, read the charter, disseminate it
317
1049000
5000
Deci, practicati compasiunea, cititi carta, diseminati-o
17:34
and develop it within yourself.
318
1054000
2000
si dezvoltati-o in voi.
17:36
Don't just think, "Well, I'm compassionate," or "I'm not compassionate,"
319
1056000
3000
Nu va ganditi doar ca sunteti sau nu plini de compasiune
17:39
and sort of think you're stuck there.
320
1059000
2000
si ramaneti blocati acolo.
17:41
You can develop this. You can diminish the non-compassion,
321
1061000
3000
Puteti dezvolta asta. Puteti micsora non-compasiunea,
17:44
the cruelty, the callousness, the neglect of others,
322
1064000
4000
cruzimea, impietrirea, nepasarea fata de ceilalti.
17:48
and take universal responsibility for them.
323
1068000
2000
Asumati-va raspunderea universala pentru ele
17:50
And then, not only will God smile and the eternal mama will smile,
324
1070000
5000
si atunci nu numai Dumnezeu si mama eterna vor zambi
17:55
but Karen Armstrong will smile.
325
1075000
2000
dar si Karen Armstrong va zambi.
17:57
Thank you very much. (Applause)
326
1077000
2000
Va multumesc.
Despre acest site

Acest site vă va prezenta videoclipuri de pe YouTube care sunt utile pentru a învăța limba engleză. Veți vedea lecții de engleză predate de profesori de top din întreaga lume. Faceți dublu clic pe subtitrările în limba engleză afișate pe fiecare pagină video pentru a reda videoclipul de acolo. Subtitrările se derulează în sincron cu redarea videoclipului. Dacă aveți comentarii sau solicitări, vă rugăm să ne contactați folosind acest formular de contact.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7