Why is our universe fine-tuned for life? | Brian Greene

4,635,892 views ใƒป 2012-04-23

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Translator: Jenny Zurawell
0
0
7000
๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Seyoung Yoon ๊ฒ€ํ† : Amy Ko
00:15
A few months ago
1
15260
2000
๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ ์ „ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜
00:17
the Nobel Prize in physics
2
17260
2000
๋…ธ๋ฒจ์ƒ ์‹œ์ƒ์‹์—์„œ
00:19
was awarded to two teams of astronomers
3
19260
2000
๋…ธ๋ฒจ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์ƒ์˜ ์˜์˜ˆ๋Š”
00:21
for a discovery that has been hailed
4
21260
3000
์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ด€์ธก ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ
00:24
as one of the most important
5
24260
2000
ํ•ด๋‚ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฐ›๋Š”
00:26
astronomical observations ever.
6
26260
2000
๋‘ ํŒ€์˜ ์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:28
And today, after briefly describing what they found,
7
28260
2000
์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜
00:30
I'm going to tell you about a highly controversial framework
8
30260
3000
๋…ผ์Ÿ์ด ๋งŽ๊ธด ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
00:33
for explaining their discovery,
9
33260
3000
๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ์ด๋ก ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:36
namely the possibility
10
36260
2000
๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด
00:38
that way beyond the Earth,
11
38260
2000
์ง€๊ตฌ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์€ํ•˜, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
00:40
the Milky Way and other distant galaxies,
12
40260
3000
๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ๋–จ์–ด์ง„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์€ํ•˜๋“ค ๋„ˆ๋จธ์—
00:43
we may find that our universe
13
43260
2000
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์šฐ์ฃผ ์™ธ์—
00:45
is not the only universe,
14
45260
2000
๋‹ค์ค‘ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
00:47
but is instead
15
47260
2000
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋“ค์˜ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด๊ฐ€
00:49
part of a vast complex of universes
16
49260
2000
์กด์žฌํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
00:51
that we call the multiverse.
17
51260
2000
์–˜๊ธฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:53
Now the idea of a multiverse is a strange one.
18
53260
3000
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์ค‘ ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…์€ ๋‚ฏ์„ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:56
I mean, most of us were raised to believe
19
56260
2000
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž๋ผ๋ฉด์„œ "์šฐ์ฃผ"๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๊ณง
00:58
that the word "universe" means everything.
20
58260
3000
๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏฟ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:01
And I say most of us with forethought,
21
61260
3000
๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋ถ„๋“ค๋„ ๊ฐ„ํ˜น ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:04
as my four-year-old daughter has heard me speak of these ideas since she was born.
22
64260
3000
์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์ค‘ ์šฐ์ฃผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์–˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ
01:07
And last year I was holding her
23
67260
2000
ํ•˜๋„ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•ด์„œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ์ง€ ์ž‘๋…„์—
01:09
and I said, "Sophia,
24
69260
2000
์ œ 4์‚ด์งœ๋ฆฌ ๋”ธ์—๊ฒŒ "์•„๋น ๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ ์•ˆ์˜
01:11
I love you more than anything in the universe."
25
71260
3000
๊ทธ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ๋„ˆ๋ฅผ ๋” ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•œ๋‹จ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋”๋‹ˆ
01:14
And she turned to me and said, "Daddy,
26
74260
2000
์ œ ๋”ธ์ด "์šฐ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑฐ์—์š” ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด
01:16
universe or multiverse?"
27
76260
2000
๋‹ค์ค‘์šฐ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑฐ์—์š”?"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌป๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
01:18
(Laughter)
28
78260
3000
(์›ƒ์Œ)
01:21
But barring such an anomalous upbringing,
29
81260
3000
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์˜ˆ์™ธ์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณค
01:24
it is strange to imagine
30
84260
2000
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์šฐ์ฃผ์™€ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ
01:26
other realms separate from ours,
31
86260
2000
์ „ํ˜€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํŠน์ง•์„ ๋ณด์ด๋Š”
01:28
most with fundamentally different features,
32
88260
2000
์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ์กด์žฌ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
01:30
that would rightly be called universes of their own.
33
90260
3000
์‰ฝ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:33
And yet,
34
93260
2000
์˜ค๋Š˜ ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ
01:35
speculative though the idea surely is,
35
95260
2000
๋‹ค์ค‘์šฐ์ฃผ ๊ฐœ๋…์ด ์™œ
01:37
I aim to convince you
36
97260
2000
๋‹จ์ง€ ์ถ”์ธก์ž„์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ 
01:39
that there's reason for taking it seriously,
37
99260
2000
์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์„ค๋“๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€
01:41
as it just might be right.
38
101260
2000
์„ค๋ช…๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:43
I'm going to tell the story of the multiverse in three parts.
39
103260
3000
๋‹ค์ค‘์šฐ์ฃผ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์–˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์„ธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ ์„œ ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:46
In part one,
40
106260
2000
๋งจ ๋จผ์ € ๋…ธ๋ฒจ์ƒ ์ˆ˜์ƒ์ž๋“ค์˜
01:48
I'm going to describe those Nobel Prize-winning results
41
108260
2000
๊ด€์ธก ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์†์—
01:50
and to highlight a profound mystery
42
110260
2000
์–ด๋–ค ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๊ป˜๋ผ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ด๊ฒจ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€
01:52
which those results revealed.
43
112260
2000
์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:54
In part two,
44
114260
2000
๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„  ๋ˆ์ด๋ก ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
01:56
I'll offer a solution to that mystery.
45
116260
2000
์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๊ป˜๋ผ๋ฅผ ํ’€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
01:58
It's based on an approach called string theory,
46
118260
2000
์‹ค๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ 
02:00
and that's where the idea of the multiverse
47
120260
2000
๋ˆ์ด๋ก ์ด ๋‹ค์ค‘์šฐ์ฃผ ๊ฐœ๋…๊ณผ
02:02
will come into the story.
48
122260
2000
์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ด€๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:04
Finally, in part three,
49
124260
2000
๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์„ธ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ๋Š”
02:06
I'm going to describe a cosmological theory
50
126260
2000
๊ธ‰ํŒฝ์ฐฝ์ด๋ก ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
02:08
called inflation,
51
128260
2000
์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ
02:10
which will pull all the pieces of the story together.
52
130260
3000
๋งˆ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ์ง“๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
Okay, part one starts back in 1929
53
133260
4000
์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘์€ 1929๋…„์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑฐ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:17
when the great astronomer Edwin Hubble
54
137260
2000
1929๋…„์— ์œ„๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž ์—๋“œ์œˆ ํ—ˆ๋ธ”์€
02:19
realized that the distant galaxies
55
139260
3000
๋จธ๋‚˜๋จผ ์€ํ•˜๋“ค์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
02:22
were all rushing away from us,
56
142260
2000
๋ฉ€์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:24
establishing that space itself is stretching,
57
144260
2000
์šฐ์ฃผ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ์ž์ฒด๊ฐ€
02:26
it's expanding.
58
146260
2000
ํŒฝ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
02:28
Now this was revolutionary.
59
148260
3000
์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ํš๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
The prevailing wisdom was that on the largest of scales
60
151260
3000
์ „์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ดค์„ ๋•Œ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋Š” ์ •์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
02:34
the universe was static.
61
154260
2000
๊ทธ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ํ†ต์„ค์ด์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:36
But even so,
62
156260
2000
๊ทธ ํ†ต์„ค์ด ๊นจ์ง€๊ณ  ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ํŒฝ์ฐฝ์ด
02:38
there was one thing that everyone was certain of:
63
158260
3000
ํ™•์ธ๋˜์ž ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ํŒฝ์ฐฝ ์†๋„๊ฐ€
02:41
The expansion must be slowing down.
64
161260
3000
๋Š๋ ค์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ํ™•์‹ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:44
That, much as the gravitational pull of the Earth
65
164260
3000
์‚ฌ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์œ„๋กœ ๋˜์ง€๋ฉด ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ์ค‘๋ ฅ์— ์˜ํ•ด
02:47
slows the ascent of an apple tossed upward,
66
167260
3000
์‚ฌ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋•…์œผ๋กœ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋“ฏ์ด
02:50
the gravitational pull
67
170260
2000
์€ํ•˜ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์ค‘๋ ฅ์ด
02:52
of each galaxy on every other
68
172260
2000
์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ํŒฝ์ฐฝ์„
02:54
must be slowing
69
174260
2000
์–ต๋ˆ„๋ฅผ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ
02:56
the expansion of space.
70
176260
2000
์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:58
Now let's fast-forward to the 1990s
71
178260
3000
1990๋…„๋Œ€์— ๋“ค์–ด์„œ ์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ํŒฝ์ฐฝ ์†๋„๊ฐ€
03:01
when those two teams of astronomers
72
181260
2000
์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€
03:03
I mentioned at the outset
73
183260
2000
์ง์ ‘ ์ธก์ •ํ•ด๋ณด๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:05
were inspired by this reasoning
74
185260
2000
์•ž์„œ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ
03:07
to measure the rate
75
187260
2000
๋‘ ํŒ€์˜ ๋…ธ๋ฒจ์ƒ ์ˆ˜์ƒ์ž๋“ค์ด
03:09
at which the expansion has been slowing.
76
189260
2000
๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
03:11
And they did this
77
191260
2000
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ๋“ค์—ฌ
03:13
by painstaking observations
78
193260
2000
์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์€ํ•˜๋“ค์„ ๊ด€์ธกํ•˜๊ณ 
03:15
of numerous distant galaxies,
79
195260
2000
๊ทธ ๊ด€์ธก ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ
03:17
allowing them to chart
80
197260
2000
์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ํŒฝ์ฐฝ ์†๋„๊ฐ€
03:19
how the expansion rate has changed over time.
81
199260
3000
์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:22
Here's the surprise:
82
202260
3000
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋†€๋ผ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:25
They found that the expansion is not slowing down.
83
205260
3000
์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋‹ˆ ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ํŒฝ์ฐฝ์†๋„๊ฐ€ ๋Š๋ ค์ง€๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ปค๋…•
03:28
Instead they found that it's speeding up,
84
208260
2000
์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ๋” ๋นจ๋ผ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š”
03:30
going faster and faster.
85
210260
2000
๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:32
That's like tossing an apple upward
86
212260
2000
์ด๋Š” ๋งˆ์น˜ ์‚ฌ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์œ„๋กœ ๋˜์กŒ๋”๋‹ˆ ์ ์  ๋” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ
03:34
and it goes up faster and faster.
87
214260
2000
ํ•˜๋Š˜๋กœ ์†Ÿ๊ตฌ์ณค๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
Now if you saw an apple do that,
88
216260
2000
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€
03:38
you'd want to know why.
89
218260
2000
์–ด๋–ค ์ด์œ ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€
03:40
What's pushing on it?
90
220260
2000
์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜์‹ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:42
Similarly, the astronomers' results
91
222260
2000
๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž๋“ค๋„
03:44
are surely well-deserving of the Nobel Prize,
92
224260
3000
์ด ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์—
03:47
but they raised an analogous question.
93
227260
4000
์–ด๋–ค ์›๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ˆจ์–ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:51
What force is driving all galaxies
94
231260
2000
๋„๋Œ€์ฒด ์–ด๋–ค ํž˜์ด ์ž‘์šฉํ•ด์„œ
03:53
to rush away from every other
95
233260
3000
๋ชจ๋“  ์€ํ•˜๋“ค์ด ์ ์  ๋” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ
03:56
at an ever-quickening speed?
96
236260
3000
๋ฉ€์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
03:59
Well the most promising answer
97
239260
2000
์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์˜ ์‹ค๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
04:01
comes from an old idea of Einstein's.
98
241260
3000
์•„์ธ์Šˆํƒ€์ธ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:04
You see, we are all used to gravity
99
244260
2000
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ค‘๋ ฅ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฌผ์ฒด๋ฅผ
04:06
being a force that does one thing,
100
246260
3000
ํ•œ ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ์žก์•„๋‹น๊ธด๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„
04:09
pulls objects together.
101
249260
2000
์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
But in Einstein's theory of gravity,
102
251260
2000
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„์ธ์Šˆํƒ€์ธ์˜
04:13
his general theory of relativity,
103
253260
2000
์ผ๋ฐ˜์ƒ๋Œ€์„ฑ์ด๋ก ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด
04:15
gravity can also push things apart.
104
255260
3000
์ค‘๋ ฅ์€ ๋ฌผ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ€์–ด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:18
How? Well according to Einstein's math,
105
258260
3000
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋ƒ๋ฉด,
04:21
if space is uniformly filled
106
261260
2000
์•„์ธ์Šˆํƒ€์ธ์˜ ์ด๋ก ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด
04:23
with an invisible energy,
107
263260
2000
๊ณต๊ฐ„ ์•ˆ์— ์–ด๋–ค ํŠน์ •ํ•œ,
04:25
sort of like a uniform, invisible mist,
108
265260
3000
๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์น˜ ์•ˆ๊ฐœ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
04:28
then the gravity generated by that mist
109
268260
3000
๊ท ์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ฐจ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ทธ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์€
04:31
would be repulsive,
110
271260
2000
๋ฐ€์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ์ค‘๋ ฅ์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:33
repulsive gravity,
111
273260
2000
๋ฐ€์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ์ค‘๋ ฅ์€
04:35
which is just what we need to explain the observations.
112
275260
3000
์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž๋“ค์˜ ๊ด€์ธก ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์—ด์‡ ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:38
Because the repulsive gravity
113
278260
2000
์ด ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์—์„œ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋œ
04:40
of an invisible energy in space --
114
280260
2000
๋ฐ€์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ์ค‘๋ ฅ์€
04:42
we now call it dark energy,
115
282260
2000
์•”ํ‘์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ผ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:44
but I've made it smokey white here so you can see it --
116
284260
3000
ํ™”๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์•”ํ‘์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ
04:47
its repulsive gravity
117
287260
2000
ํ•˜์–€ ์—ฐ๊ธฐ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ‘œ์‹œํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
04:49
would cause each galaxy to push against every other,
118
289260
2000
์ด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋Š” ์€ํ•˜ ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ
04:51
driving expansion to speed up,
119
291260
2000
๋ฐ€์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ํž˜์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•ด
04:53
not slow down.
120
293260
2000
์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ํŒฝ์ฐฝ์„ ๊ฐ€์†์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:55
And this explanation
121
295260
2000
์•”ํ‘์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋Š” ์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž๋“ค์˜ ๊ด€์ธก ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ
04:57
represents great progress.
122
297260
2000
์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ํฐ ๋ฐœํŒ๊ณผ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:59
But I promised you a mystery
123
299260
3000
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•ž์„œ ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š”
05:02
here in part one.
124
302260
2000
์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๊ป˜๋ผ๊ฐ€ ์ˆจ์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:04
Here it is.
125
304260
2000
๊ทธ ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๊ป˜๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:06
When the astronomers worked out
126
306260
2000
์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์•”ํ‘์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋งŒํผ
05:08
how much of this dark energy
127
308260
3000
์กด์žฌํ•ด์•ผ ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ํŒฝ์ฐฝ ์†๋„๊ฐ€ ๊ด€์ธก ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€
05:11
must be infusing space
128
311260
2000
๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•ด๋ณด๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:13
to account for the cosmic speed up,
129
313260
2000
๊ณ„์‚ฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž๋“ค์€
05:15
look at what they found.
130
315260
2000
๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ˆซ์ž๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:24
This number is small.
131
324260
2000
์ด ์ˆซ์ž๋Š” ๊ด€๋ จ ๋‹จ์œ„๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋  ๋•Œ
05:26
Expressed in the relevant unit,
132
326260
2000
๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์—†์ด ๋ฌด์ง€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ
05:28
it is spectacularly small.
133
328260
2000
์ž‘์€ ์ˆซ์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:30
And the mystery is to explain this peculiar number.
134
330260
3000
๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์™œ ํ•˜ํ•„ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฐ’์ด ๋‚˜์˜ค๋ƒ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:33
We want this number
135
333260
2000
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™ ๋ฒ•์น™์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
05:35
to emerge from the laws of physics,
136
335260
2000
์ด ๊ฐ’์„ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋„์ถœํ•ด๋‚ด๋ ค ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
05:37
but so far no one has found a way to do that.
137
337260
3000
์•„์ง๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ทธ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
Now you might wonder,
138
340260
3000
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์™œ ๊ตณ์ด ์ด ์ˆซ์ž๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€
05:43
should you care?
139
343260
2000
์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:45
Maybe explaining this number
140
345260
2000
์ €ํฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์—๊ฒ
05:47
is just a technical issue,
141
347260
2000
ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๋ฌธ์ œ์ผ์ง€ ๋ชฐ๋ผ๋„
05:49
a technical detail of interest to experts,
142
349260
3000
๊ทธ ์™ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒ ์•„๋ฌด๋Ÿฐ ์˜๋ฏธ ์—†๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ผ๊ณ 
05:52
but of no relevance to anybody else.
143
352260
2000
์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
Well it surely is a technical detail,
144
354260
3000
๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด๊ฑด ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด๊ธด ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
05:57
but some details really matter.
145
357260
2000
๋™์‹œ์— ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:59
Some details provide
146
359260
2000
ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€๋Š”
06:01
windows into uncharted realms of reality,
147
361260
2000
์ด ์ˆซ์ž๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
06:03
and this peculiar number may be doing just that,
148
363260
3000
์•”ํ‘ ์†์— ์ˆจ๊ฒจ์ง„ ์„ธ์ƒ์˜ ์ด์น˜์—
06:06
as the only approach that's so far made headway to explain it
149
366260
3000
๋น›์„ ๋น„์ถœ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:09
invokes the possibility of other universes --
150
369260
3000
์ด ์ˆซ์ž๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋“ค์˜ ์กด์žฌ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋‚ดํฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
06:12
an idea that naturally emerges from string theory,
151
372260
3000
์ด๋Š” ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ์ธ
06:15
which takes me to part two: string theory.
152
375260
3000
๋ˆ์ด๋ก ์—์„œ ๋„์ถœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:18
So hold the mystery of the dark energy
153
378260
4000
์•ž์„œ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฐ ์•”ํ‘์—๋„ˆ์ง€์˜ ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๊ป˜๋ผ๋ฅผ ์—ผ๋‘์— ๋‘๋ฉด์„œ
06:22
in the back of your mind
154
382260
2000
์ด์ œ ๋ˆ์ด๋ก ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
06:24
as I now go on to tell you
155
384260
2000
์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„
06:26
three key things about string theory.
156
386260
3000
๋ง์”€ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:29
First off, what is it?
157
389260
2000
๋จผ์ € ๋ˆ์ด๋ก ์ด๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
06:31
Well it's an approach to realize Einstein's dream
158
391260
3000
๋ˆ์ด๋ก ์€ ์ƒ์ „ ์•„์ธ์Šˆํƒ€์ธ์˜ ๊ฟˆ์ด์—ˆ๋˜
06:34
of a unified theory of physics,
159
394260
3000
๋Œ€ํ†ต์ผ์ด๋ก , ์ฆ‰ ๋งŒ๋ฌผ์— ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š”
06:37
a single overarching framework
160
397260
2000
๋ชจ๋“  ํž˜์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
06:39
that would be able to describe
161
399260
2000
๋‹จ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์‹คํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ
06:41
all the forces at work in the universe.
162
401260
2000
ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:43
And the central idea of string theory
163
403260
2000
๋ˆ์ด๋ก ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๊ฐœ๋…์€
06:45
is quite straightforward.
164
405260
2000
๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:47
It says that if you examine
165
407260
2000
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฌผ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ž์„ธํžˆ
06:49
any piece of matter ever more finely,
166
409260
2000
๋“ค์—ฌ๋‹ค๋ณด๋ฉด ๋ถ„์ž์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด
06:51
at first you'll find molecules
167
411260
2000
์›์ž๋“ค, ์•„์›์ž ์ž…์ž๋“ค๊นŒ์ง€
06:53
and then you'll find atoms and subatomic particles.
168
413260
3000
๊ด€์ฐฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:56
But the theory says that if you could probe smaller,
169
416260
2000
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ˆ์ด๋ก ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด
06:58
much smaller than we can with existing technology,
170
418260
3000
์ด๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์„ธ๋ถ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€ ํ˜„์กดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋กœ
07:01
you'd find something else inside these particles --
171
421260
3000
๊ด€์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ค€๊นŒ์ง€ ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐˆ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
07:04
a little tiny vibrating filament of energy,
172
424260
3000
์ง„๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Š๋‹ค๋ž€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ค„,
07:07
a little tiny vibrating string.
173
427260
3000
์ฆ‰ ์ง„๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ˆ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:10
And just like the strings on a violin,
174
430260
2000
๋ฐ”์ด์˜ฌ๋ฆฐ์˜ ์ค„์ด
07:12
they can vibrate in different patterns
175
432260
2000
์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ง„๋™ํ•˜๋Š๋ƒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ
07:14
producing different musical notes.
176
434260
2000
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋“ฏ์ด
07:16
These little fundamental strings,
177
436260
2000
์ด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ˆ์ด
07:18
when they vibrate in different patterns,
178
438260
2000
์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ง„๋™ํ•˜๋Š๋ƒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ
07:20
they produce different kinds of particles --
179
440260
2000
๊ฐ๊ธฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ž…์ž๋“ค์ด ํƒ„์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:22
so electrons, quarks, neutrinos, photons,
180
442260
2000
์ „์ž, ์ฟผํฌ, ๋‰ดํŠธ๋ฆฌ๋…ธ, ๊ด‘์ž ๋“ฑ
07:24
all other particles
181
444260
2000
์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ž…์ž๋“ค์ด ์ง„๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ˆ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
07:26
would be united into a single framework,
182
446260
2000
๊ฒฐ์ •๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด ์ž…์ž๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…์„
07:28
as they would all arise from vibrating strings.
183
448260
3000
๋‹จ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ฒด๊ณ„ ์•„๋ž˜ ํ†ต์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:31
It's a compelling picture,
184
451260
3000
๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋ˆ์ด๋ก ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์€
07:34
a kind of cosmic symphony,
185
454260
2000
์ง„๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฏธ์„ธํ•œ ๋ˆ์—์„œ
07:36
where all the richness
186
456260
2000
ํƒ„์ƒํ•œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์ด
07:38
that we see in the world around us
187
458260
2000
ํ•˜๋‚˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜์”ฉ ๋ชจ์—ฌ
07:40
emerges from the music
188
460260
2000
๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์šฐ์ฃผ ๊ตํ–ฅ๊ณก์„
07:42
that these little, tiny strings can play.
189
462260
3000
์ด๋ฃฌ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:45
But there's a cost
190
465260
2000
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ์šฐ์•„ํ•œ ๋Œ€ํ†ต์ผ์ด๋ก ์—๋„
07:47
to this elegant unification,
191
467260
2000
๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์ด ์—†์ง„ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:49
because years of research
192
469260
2000
์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ์ˆ˜๋…„๊ฐ„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ
07:51
have shown that the math of string theory doesn't quite work.
193
471260
3000
์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ƒ์‹์— ๋ฐ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ํŠน์ • ์กฐ๊ฑด์„
07:54
It has internal inconsistencies,
194
474260
2000
ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ด์ƒ
07:56
unless we allow
195
476260
2000
๋ˆ์ด๋ก ์€ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ
07:58
for something wholly unfamiliar --
196
478260
3000
์„ฑ๋ฆฝ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ด ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:01
extra dimensions of space.
197
481260
3000
๊ทธ ์กฐ๊ฑด์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ์ฐจ์›์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:04
That is, we all know about the usual three dimensions of space.
198
484260
3000
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์€ 3์ฐจ์›์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:07
And you can think about those
199
487260
2000
์ฆ‰ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์€ ๋†’์ด, ๋„ˆ๋น„, ๊นŠ์ด๋ฅผ
08:09
as height, width and depth.
200
489260
3000
๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ˆ˜๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:12
But string theory says that, on fantastically small scales,
201
492260
3000
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ˆ์ด๋ก ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์•„์ฃผ ๋ฏธ์‹œ์ ์ธ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„  ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ฐจ์› ์™ธ์—
08:15
there are additional dimensions
202
495260
2000
์—ฌ๋ถ„์ฐจ์›๋“ค์ด ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋กœ ์กด์žฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:17
crumpled to a tiny size so small
203
497260
2000
๋‹ค๋งŒ ๊ทธ ์ฐจ์›๋“ค์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜๋„ ์ž‘์€ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋ญ‰์ณ์ ธ
08:19
that we have not detected them.
204
499260
2000
์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์ง€ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:21
But even though the dimensions are hidden,
205
501260
2000
์ด ์—ฌ๋ถ„์ฐจ์›๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง์ ‘
08:23
they would have an impact on things that we can observe
206
503260
3000
๊ฐ์ง€ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์ง€๋งŒ ์ง„๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ˆ์˜ ์ง„๋™ ํ˜•ํƒœ์—๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„
08:26
because the shape of the extra dimensions
207
506260
3000
๋ฏธ์น˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„
08:29
constrains how the strings can vibrate.
208
509260
3000
๊ฐ„์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •์ง“์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:32
And in string theory,
209
512260
2000
๋ˆ์ด๋ก ์—์„  ๋ˆ์˜ ์ง„๋™์ด
08:34
vibration determines everything.
210
514260
3000
๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:37
So particle masses, the strengths of forces,
211
517260
2000
๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์—ฌ๋ถ„์ฐจ์›๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ค ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ
08:39
and most importantly, the amount of dark energy
212
519260
3000
๋ญ‰์ณ์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ž…์ž์˜ ์งˆ๋Ÿ‰, ํž˜์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
08:42
would be determined
213
522260
2000
์•”ํ‘์—๋„ˆ์ง€์˜ ์–‘์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋œ๋‹ค๋Š”
08:44
by the shape of the extra dimensions.
214
524260
2000
๊ฒฐ๋ก ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
So if we knew the shape of the extra dimensions,
215
526260
3000
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฌ๋ถ„์ฐจ์›๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ญ‰์ณ์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€
08:49
we should be able to calculate these features,
216
529260
3000
์•Œ์•„๋‚ธ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์•”ํ‘์—๋„ˆ์ง€์˜ ์–‘์„ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ
08:52
calculate the amount of dark energy.
217
532260
3000
๋„์ถœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:55
The challenge
218
535260
2000
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:57
is we don't know
219
537260
2000
๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๋ถ„์ฐจ์›๋“ค์ด ๋ญ‰์ณ์ง„ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ
08:59
the shape of the extra dimensions.
220
539260
3000
์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:02
All we have
221
542260
2000
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€
09:04
is a list of candidate shapes
222
544260
2000
์ˆ˜ํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–ด๋–ค ํ˜•ํƒœ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ์ง€
09:06
allowed by the math.
223
546260
3000
๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•ด ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:09
Now when these ideas were first developed,
224
549260
2000
์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฐœ๋…๋“ค์ด ์ฒ˜์Œ ์ œ์‹œ๋์„ ๋‹น์‹œ์—๋Š”
09:11
there were only about five different candidate shapes,
225
551260
2000
๋‹จ์ง€ ๋‹ค์„ฏ ๊ฐœ์˜ ํ›„๋ณด ํ˜•ํƒœ๋“ค๋งŒ์ด ์กด์žฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:13
so you can imagine
226
553260
2000
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜์”ฉ ๋ถ„์„ํ•ด์„œ
09:15
analyzing them one-by-one
227
555260
2000
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜๋Š”
09:17
to determine if any yield
228
557260
2000
ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š”์ง€
09:19
the physical features we observe.
229
559260
2000
์•Œ์•„๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:21
But over time the list grew
230
561260
2000
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ›„๋ณด ํ˜•ํƒœ๋“ค์ด
09:23
as researchers found other candidate shapes.
231
563260
2000
์†์† ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์„ฏ ๊ฐœ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๊ฐœ๋กœ,
09:25
From five, the number grew into the hundreds and then the thousands --
232
565260
3000
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๊ฐœ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๊ฐœ๋กœ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:28
A large, but still manageable, collection to analyze,
233
568260
3000
๋‹ค์„ฏ ๊ฐœ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜์˜€์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„ ์ผ์ผ์ด ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
09:31
since after all,
234
571260
2000
๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ค€์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:33
graduate students need something to do.
235
573260
3000
์–ด์ฐจํ”ผ ๋Œ€ํ•™์›์ƒ๋“ค๋„ ์ผ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์—†์—ˆ์ฃ .
09:36
But then the list continued to grow
236
576260
2000
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ทธ ํ›„์—๋„ ํ›„๋ณด ํ˜•ํƒœ๋“ค์ด
09:38
into the millions and the billions, until today.
237
578260
3000
๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ทธ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๋งŒ ๊ฐœ์—์„œ
09:41
The list of candidate shapes
238
581260
2000
์ˆ˜์–ต ๊ฐœ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ๊ณ  ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์—๋Š” ์•ฝ
09:43
has soared to about 10 to the 500.
239
583260
5000
10์˜ 500์ œ๊ณฑ ๊ฐœ์˜ ํ›„๋ณด ํ˜•ํƒœ๋“ค์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ •๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:48
So, what to do?
240
588260
3000
์ด์ œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
09:51
Well some researchers lost heart,
241
591260
3000
์ด ์–ด๋งˆ์–ด๋งˆํ•œ ์ˆ˜์— ์••๋„๋œ
09:54
concluding that was so many candidate shapes for the extra dimensions,
242
594260
3000
์ผ๋ถ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์€ ๋‚™๋‹ดํ•œ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ๋ˆ์ด๋ก ์œผ๋กœ
09:57
each giving rise to different physical features,
243
597260
3000
ํ™•๊ณ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฒ€์ฆ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ธก์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
10:00
string theory would never make
244
600260
2000
๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ 
10:02
definitive, testable predictions.
245
602260
2000
์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:04
But others turned this issue on its head,
246
604260
4000
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๋’ค์ง‘์–ด
10:08
taking us to the possibility of a multiverse.
247
608260
2000
๋‹ค์ค‘์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:10
Here's the idea.
248
610260
2000
์ด๋“ค์€ ์ด ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ํ›„๋ณด ํ˜•ํƒœ๋“ค
10:12
Maybe each of these shapes is on an equal footing with every other.
249
612260
3000
ํ•˜๋‚˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋Œ€๋“ฑํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:15
Each is as real as every other,
250
615260
2000
์—ฌ๋ถ„์ฐจ์›์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ญ‰์ณ์ง„
10:17
in the sense
251
617260
2000
์šฐ์ฃผ๋“ค์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐœ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉด
10:19
that there are many universes,
252
619260
2000
๋‹จ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ '์ง„์งœ'๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
10:21
each with a different shape, for the extra dimensions.
253
621260
3000
๋ชจ๋“  ํ˜•ํƒœ๋“ค์ด '์ง„์งœ'๊ณ  ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:24
And this radical proposal
254
624260
2000
์ด๋Š” ์•”ํ‘์—๋„ˆ์ง€์˜ ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๊ป˜๋ผ๋ฅผ
10:26
has a profound impact on this mystery:
255
626260
3000
ํ’€๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์—
10:29
the amount of dark energy revealed by the Nobel Prize-winning results.
256
629260
3000
ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:32
Because you see,
257
632260
2000
๋งŒ์•ฝ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ ์™ธ์—
10:34
if there are other universes,
258
634260
3000
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋“ค์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๊ณ 
10:37
and if those universes
259
637260
2000
๊ฐ ์šฐ์ฃผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์—ฌ๋ถ„์ฐจ์›๋“ค์ด
10:39
each have, say, a different shape for the extra dimensions,
260
639260
4000
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋ญ‰์ณ์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ฐ ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ํŠน์ง• ๋˜ํ•œ
10:43
then the physical features of each universe will be different,
261
643260
2000
๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
10:45
and in particular,
262
645260
2000
๊ฐ ์šฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ ๊ด€์ธก๋˜๋Š”
10:47
the amount of dark energy in each universe
263
647260
2000
์•”ํ‘์—๋„ˆ์ง€์˜ ์–‘ ๋˜ํ•œ
10:49
will be different.
264
649260
2000
๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:51
Which means that the mystery
265
651260
2000
์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉด
10:53
of explaining the amount of dark energy we've now measured
266
653260
2000
์•”ํ‘์—๋„ˆ์ง€์˜ ์–‘์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š”
10:55
would take on a wholly different character.
267
655260
3000
๊ธฐ์กด์— ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์™€ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–‘์ƒ์„ ๋ ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:58
In this context,
268
658260
2000
์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉด ์™œ ์•”ํ‘์—๋„ˆ์ง€์˜ ์–‘์ด
11:00
the laws of physics can't explain one number for the dark energy
269
660260
3000
ํŠน์ • ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•ด๋‹ต์€ ์กด์žฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:03
because there isn't just one number,
270
663260
3000
์•”ํ‘์—๋„ˆ์ง€์˜ ์–‘์—๋Š” ํŠน์ • ๊ฐ’๋งŒ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
11:06
there are many numbers.
271
666260
2000
๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ฐ’๋“ค์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:08
Which means
272
668260
2000
์ด๋Š” ์ฆ‰ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌํƒœ๊นŒ์ง€
11:10
we have been asking the wrong question.
273
670260
3000
์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋ฌป๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:13
It's that the right question to ask is,
274
673260
2000
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€
11:15
why do we humans find ourselves in a universe
275
675260
3000
์™œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์šฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋Š”์ง€,
11:18
with a particular amount of dark energy we've measured
276
678260
3000
์ฆ‰ ์•”ํ‘์—๋„ˆ์ง€์˜ ์–‘์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋“ค
11:21
instead of any of the other possibilities
277
681260
3000
๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ์—์„œ ์™œ ํ•˜ํ•„ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
11:24
that are out there?
278
684260
2000
์ด ์šฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋ƒ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:26
And that's a question on which we can make headway.
279
686260
3000
์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ ์กด์žฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:29
Because those universes
280
689260
2000
์•”ํ‘์—๋„ˆ์ง€์˜ ์–‘์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋ณด๋‹ค
11:31
that have much more dark energy than ours,
281
691260
2000
ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ์—์„ 
11:33
whenever matter tries to clump into galaxies,
282
693260
3000
์•”ํ‘์—๋„ˆ์ง€์˜ ๋ฐ€์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ํž˜์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜๋„ ๊ฐ•ํ•ด
11:36
the repulsive push of the dark energy is so strong
283
696260
3000
๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด ํ•œ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ๋ญ‰์ณ์ง€์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:39
that it blows the clump apart
284
699260
2000
๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด ๋ญ‰์ณ์ง€์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ
11:41
and galaxies don't form.
285
701260
2000
์€ํ•˜๋„ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:43
And in those universes that have much less dark energy,
286
703260
3000
ํ•œํŽธ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์ ์€ ์–‘์˜ ์•”ํ‘์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„
11:46
well they collapse back on themselves so quickly
287
706260
2000
์šฐ์ฃผ๋Š” ๋น ๋ฅธ ์†๋„๋กœ ๋ถ•๊ดดํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
11:48
that, again, galaxies don't form.
288
708260
3000
์—ญ์‹œ ์€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:51
And without galaxies, there are no stars, no planets
289
711260
3000
์€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์œผ๋ฉด ๋ณ„๊ณผ ํ–‰์„ฑ๋„ ์กด์žฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:54
and no chance
290
714260
2000
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์•”ํ‘์—๋„ˆ์ง€์˜ ์–‘์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋ณด๋‹ค
11:56
for our form of life
291
716260
2000
ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ํฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ ์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ์—์„  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€
11:58
to exist in those other universes.
292
718260
2000
ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์ง€๋‹Œ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:00
So we find ourselves in a universe
293
720260
2000
๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์šฐ์ฃผ์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š”
12:02
with the particular amount of dark energy we've measured
294
722260
3000
์ด ์šฐ์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‹Œ ์•”ํ‘์—๋„ˆ์ง€์˜ ์–‘์ด
12:05
simply because our universe has conditions
295
725260
3000
์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ์—
12:08
hospitable to our form of life.
296
728260
4000
๋”ฑ ์ ์ ˆํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:12
And that would be that.
297
732260
2000
์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋ฉด
12:14
Mystery solved,
298
734260
2000
์•”ํ‘์—๋„ˆ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๊ป˜๋ผ๋Š”
12:16
multiverse found.
299
736260
2000
ํ’€๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:18
Now some find this explanation unsatisfying.
300
738260
5000
๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์„ค๋ช…์— ๋งŒ์กฑํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ์ด๋“ค๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ด€์ธกํ•˜๋Š” ํŠน์„ฑ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
12:23
We're used to physics
301
743260
2000
ํ™•๊ณ ํžˆ ์„ค๋ช…๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
12:25
giving us definitive explanations for the features we observe.
302
745260
3000
์ด ์„ค๋ช…์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:28
But the point is,
303
748260
2000
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์–˜๊ธฐ์˜
12:30
if the feature you're observing
304
750260
3000
์š”์ ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
12:33
can and does take on
305
753260
2000
์–ด๋–ค ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
12:35
a wide variety of different values
306
755260
2000
๊ทธ ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
12:37
across the wider landscape of reality,
307
757260
3000
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ’๋“ค์ด ๊ด€์ธก๋  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
12:40
then thinking one explanation
308
760260
2000
๊ทธ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฐ’๋“ค ์ค‘ ์–ด๋–ค ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๊ฐ’๋งŒ
12:42
for a particular value
309
762260
2000
์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋ ค ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
12:44
is simply misguided.
310
764260
3000
์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์ ‘๊ทผ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:47
An early example
311
767260
2000
์ด๋Š” ์š”ํ•˜๋„ค์Šค ์ผ€ํ”Œ๋Ÿฌ์˜
12:49
comes from the great astronomer Johannes Kepler
312
769260
3000
์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:52
who was obsessed with understanding
313
772260
2000
์ผ€ํ”Œ๋Ÿฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์™œ ํƒœ์–‘์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
12:54
a different number --
314
774260
2000
9์ฒœ 3๋ฐฑ ๋งŒ ๋งˆ์ผ ๋–จ์–ด์ง„ ๊ณณ์— ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:56
why the Sun is 93 million miles away from the Earth.
315
776260
4000
์ผ€ํ”Œ๋Ÿฌ๋Š” ์ด ์ˆซ์ž์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
13:00
And he worked for decades trying to explain this number,
316
780260
3000
์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„์˜ ์„ธ์›”์„ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์—๋Š” ์‹คํŒจํ–ˆ์ฃ .
13:03
but he never succeeded, and we know why.
317
783260
3000
์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ€ํ”Œ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€ ์™œ ์‹คํŒจํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:06
Kepler was asking
318
786260
2000
์ผ€ํ”Œ๋Ÿฌ๋Š” ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„
13:08
the wrong question.
319
788260
2000
๋ฌป๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:10
We now know that there are many planets
320
790260
3000
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์šฐ์ฃผ์—๋Š” ํ•ญ์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฒœ์ฐจ๋งŒ๋ณ„์ธ
13:13
at a wide variety of different distances from their host stars.
321
793260
3000
๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ–‰์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ์กด์žฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:16
So hoping that the laws of physics
322
796260
3000
์ด ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ํ–‰์„ฑ๋“ค ์ค‘์—์„œ ์™œ ํ•˜ํ•„
13:19
will explain one particular number, 93 million miles,
323
799260
3000
์ง€๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํƒœ์–‘์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 9์ฒœ 3๋ฐฑ ๋งŒ ๋งˆ์ผ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ
13:22
well that is simply wrongheaded.
324
802260
3000
๋ฌป๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋ฌด๋Ÿฐ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:25
Instead the right question to ask is,
325
805260
2000
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌผ์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€
13:27
why do we humans find ourselves on a planet
326
807260
3000
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์™œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ์ค‘์—์„œ
13:30
at this particular distance,
327
810260
2000
ํƒœ์–‘์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 9์ฒœ 3๋ฐฑ ๋งŒ ๋งˆ์ผ
13:32
instead of any of the other possibilities?
328
812260
3000
๋–จ์–ด์ง„ ๊ณณ์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋๋Š๋ƒ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:35
And again, that's a question we can answer.
329
815260
3000
์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•ด๋‹ต์€ ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:38
Those planets which are much closer to a star like the Sun
330
818260
3000
์ง€๊ตฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ํƒœ์–‘์— ๋” ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ํ–‰์„ฑ์€
13:41
would be so hot
331
821260
2000
๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์›Œ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€
13:43
that our form of life wouldn't exist.
332
823260
2000
์กด์žฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:45
And those planets that are much farther away from the star,
333
825260
3000
๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ํƒœ์–‘์—์„œ ๋” ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ๋–จ์–ด์ง„ ํ–‰์„ฑ์€
13:48
well they're so cold
334
828260
2000
๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ถฅ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
13:50
that, again, our form of life would not take hold.
335
830260
2000
์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์‚ด ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:52
So we find ourselves
336
832260
2000
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ตฌ์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ
13:54
on a planet at this particular distance
337
834260
2000
์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๋ฅผ
13:56
simply because it yields conditions
338
836260
2000
์ˆ˜์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ๋”ฑ ์•Œ๋งž์€
13:58
vital to our form of life.
339
838260
3000
์กฐ๊ฑด์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:01
And when it comes to planets and their distances,
340
841260
3000
ํ–‰์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ทธ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ์—๋Š”
14:04
this clearly is the right kind of reasoning.
341
844260
4000
์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋…ผ์ฆ์ด ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:08
The point is,
342
848260
2000
๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์šฐ์ฃผ์™€
14:10
when it comes to universes and the dark energy that they contain,
343
850260
3000
์•”ํ‘์—๋„ˆ์ง€์˜ ์–‘์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ์—๋„
14:13
it may also be the right kind of reasoning.
344
853260
4000
์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋…ผ์ฆ์ด ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅผ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:17
One key difference, of course,
345
857260
3000
๋‹ค๋งŒ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ์šฐ์ฃผ ์•ˆ์—
14:20
is we know that there are other planets out there,
346
860260
2000
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ–‰์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„
14:22
but so far I've only speculated on the possibility
347
862260
3000
ํ™•์‹คํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋“ค์˜ ์กด์žฌ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€
14:25
that there might be other universes.
348
865260
2000
๊ทธ์ € ์ถ”์ธก์ผ ๋ฟ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:27
So to pull it all together,
349
867260
2000
์ข…ํ•ฉํ•˜์ž๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š”
14:29
we need a mechanism
350
869260
2000
์‚ฌ์‹ค์ƒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋“ค์„ ์ƒ์„ฑ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š”
14:31
that can actually generate other universes.
351
871260
3000
ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋ฉ”์นด๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:34
And that takes me to my final part, part three.
352
874260
3000
์ด๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•  ์ฃผ์ œ์™€ ์—ฐ๊ด€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:37
Because such a mechanism has been found
353
877260
3000
์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ์ฃผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ๋Œ€ํญ๋ฐœ์ด๋ก ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
14:40
by cosmologists trying to understand the Big Bang.
354
880260
3000
์ด ๋ฉ”์นด๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ƒˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:43
You see, when we speak of the Big Bang,
355
883260
2000
๋Œ€ํญ๋ฐœ์ด๋ก ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–˜๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ
14:45
we often have an image
356
885260
2000
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต ์ปค๋‹ค๋ž€ ํญ๋ฐœ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜
14:47
of a kind of cosmic explosion
357
887260
2000
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์šฐ์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ํƒ„์ƒํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
14:49
that created our universe
358
889260
2000
๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ๋ฐ”๊นฅ์œผ๋กœ
14:51
and set space rushing outward.
359
891260
3000
๋ป—์–ด๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:54
But there's a little secret.
360
894260
2000
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—” ๋น„๋ฐ€์ด ์ˆจ๊ฒจ์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:56
The Big Bang leaves out something pretty important,
361
896260
3000
๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋Œ€ํญ๋ฐœ์ด๋ก ์—๋Š” ํญ๋ฐœ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์–˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€
14:59
the Bang.
362
899260
2000
์ „ํ˜€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:01
It tells us how the universe evolved after the Bang,
363
901260
3000
๋Œ€ํญ๋ฐœ์ด๋ก ์€ ํญ๋ฐœ ์ดํ›„ ์šฐ์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์ณค๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
15:04
but gives us no insight
364
904260
2000
์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€ํญ๋ฐœ ์ž์ฒด๊ฐ€
15:06
into what would have powered the Bang itself.
365
906260
4000
์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„  ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:10
And this gap was finally filled
366
910260
2000
๋Œ€ํญ๋ฐœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…์€
15:12
by an enhanced version of the Big Bang theory.
367
912260
2000
๋Œ€ํญ๋ฐœ์ด๋ก ์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ์‹œํ‚จ
15:14
It's called inflationary cosmology,
368
914260
3000
๊ธ‰ํŒฝ์ฐฝ์ด๋ก ์ด ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋น„๋กœ์†Œ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:17
which identified a particular kind of fuel
369
917260
4000
๊ธ‰ํŒฝ์ฐฝ์ด๋ก ์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ๋ฐ”๊นฅ์œผ๋กœ
15:21
that would naturally generate
370
921260
2000
ํŒฝ์ฐฝ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์—๋Š”
15:23
an outward rush of space.
371
923260
2000
ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:25
The fuel is based on something called a quantum field,
372
925260
3000
์ด ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์–‘์ž์žฅ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
15:28
but the only detail that matters for us
373
928260
3000
๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
15:31
is that this fuel proves to be so efficient
374
931260
3000
๊ทธ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์ด ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋†’์•„์„œ
15:34
that it's virtually impossible
375
934260
2000
์ด ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ „๋ถ€ ์จ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
15:36
to use it all up,
376
936260
2000
์‚ฌ์‹ค์ƒ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:38
which means in the inflationary theory,
377
938260
2000
์ด๋Š” ๋Œ€ํญ๋ฐœ์ด
15:40
the Big Bang giving rise to our universe
378
940260
3000
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์šฐ์ฃผ์— ํ•œํ•ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผํšŒ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ด ์•„๋‹
15:43
is likely not a one-time event.
379
943260
3000
๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:46
Instead the fuel not only generated our Big Bang,
380
946260
3000
์ฆ‰ ๊ณ ๊ฐˆ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ˆ˜์—†์ด ๋งŽ์€ ๋Œ€ํญ๋ฐœ๋“ค์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ 
15:49
but it would also generate countless other Big Bangs,
381
949260
6000
๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๋Œ€ํญ๋ฐœ์€
15:55
each giving rise to its own separate universe
382
955260
3000
์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ํƒ„์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:58
with our universe becoming but one bubble
383
958260
2000
๊ฑฐํ’ˆ ๋ชฉ์š•์— ๋น„์œ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋Š”
16:00
in a grand cosmic bubble bath of universes.
384
960260
3000
๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฑฐํ’ˆ ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ ์ค‘ ๋‹จ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๊ฑฐํ’ˆ์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:03
And now, when we meld this with string theory,
385
963260
2000
์ด์ œ ์ด ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ๋ˆ์ด๋ก ๊ณผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด
16:05
here's the picture we're led to.
386
965260
2000
๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ์—ฐ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:07
Each of these universes has extra dimensions.
387
967260
2000
๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋Š” ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋ญ‰์นœ
16:09
The extra dimensions take on a wide variety of different shapes.
388
969260
3000
์—ฌ๋ถ„์ฐจ์›๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:12
The different shapes yield different physical features.
389
972260
3000
์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ฐ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋Š” ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์ง€๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:15
And we find ourselves in one universe instead of another
390
975260
3000
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์šฐ์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ์ด ์šฐ์ฃผ์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š”
16:18
simply because it's only in our universe
391
978260
3000
์•”ํ‘์—๋„ˆ์ง€์˜ ์–‘๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€
16:21
that the physical features, like the amount of dark energy,
392
981260
3000
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ํŠน์„ฑ๋“ค์ด
16:24
are right for our form of life to take hold.
393
984260
4000
์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:28
And this is the compelling but highly controversial picture
394
988260
3000
์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
16:31
of the wider cosmos
395
991260
2000
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ์œ ๋ ฅํ•œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:33
that cutting-edge observation and theory
396
993260
2000
์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…ผ๋ž€์ด ๋งŽ๊ธด ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
16:35
have now led us to seriously consider.
397
995260
4000
์ตœ์ฒจ๋‹จ ๊ด€์ธก๊ณผ ์ด๋ก ๋“ค์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:39
One big remaining question, of course, is,
398
999260
4000
๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋“ค์˜ ์กด์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ
16:43
could we ever confirm
399
1003260
3000
ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜๋ฌธ์€
16:46
the existence of other universes?
400
1006260
3000
์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์กด์žฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:49
Well let me describe
401
1009260
2000
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด์ œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋‹ค์ค‘์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ์‹ค์ฒด๋ฅผ
16:51
one way that might one day happen.
402
1011260
3000
ํ™•์ธํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:54
The inflationary theory
403
1014260
2000
๊ธ‰ํŒฝ์ฐฝ์ด๋ก ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๋Š”
16:56
already has strong observational support.
404
1016260
2000
์šฐ์ฃผ ๊ด€์ธก์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ด๋ฏธ ํ™•๋ณดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:58
Because the theory predicts
405
1018260
2000
๊ธ‰ํŒฝ์ฐฝ์ด๋ก ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์šฐ์ฃผ ๋Œ€ํญ๋ฐœ์€
17:00
that the Big Bang would have been so intense
406
1020260
2000
๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•๋ ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:02
that as space rapidly expanded,
407
1022260
3000
๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ๊ธ‰์†ํžˆ ํŒฝ์ฐฝํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฏธ์‹œ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์–‘์ž์  ์š”๋™์ด
17:05
tiny quantum jitters from the micro world
408
1025260
2000
์ˆœ์‹๊ฐ„์— ๊ฑฐ์‹œ์ ์ธ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚ฌ๊ณ 
17:07
would have been stretched out to the macro world,
409
1027260
3000
์ด ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ๋‚ด์— ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์šด ์ง€์ ๊ณผ ์ฐจ๊ฐ€์šด ์ง€์ ๋“ค์ด
17:10
yielding a distinctive fingerprint,
410
1030260
3000
๋…ํŠนํ•œ ๋ฌด๋Šฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ฉฐ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:13
a pattern of slightly hotter spots and slightly colder spots,
411
1033260
2000
์ด ๋ฌด๋Šฌ๋Š” ๋งˆ์น˜ ์ง€๋ฌธ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ
17:15
across space,
412
1035260
2000
์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ๊ณ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ๋ง์›๊ฒฝ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
17:17
which powerful telescopes have now observed.
413
1037260
3000
์ด ๋ฌด๋Šฌ๋ฅผ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ด€์ธกํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:20
Going further, if there are other universes,
414
1040260
3000
๋˜ ๊ธ‰ํŒฝ์ฐฝ์ด๋ก ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋“ค์ด ์กด์žฌํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
17:23
the theory predicts that every so often
415
1043260
2000
์šฐ์ฃผ๋ผ๋ฆฌ ์„œ๋กœ ์ถฉ๋Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„
17:25
those universes can collide.
416
1045260
2000
๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:27
And if our universe got hit by another,
417
1047260
2000
๋งŒ์•ฝ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์šฐ์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์šฐ์ฃผ์™€
17:29
that collision
418
1049260
2000
์ถฉ๋Œํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์ถฉ๋Œ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด
17:31
would generate an additional subtle pattern
419
1051260
2000
์šฐ์ฃผ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์— ๋ฏธ๋ฌ˜ํ•œ ์˜จ๋„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€
17:33
of temperature variations across space
420
1053260
2000
๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด
17:35
that we might one day
421
1055260
2000
๊ทธ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ง€ํ•ด ๋‹ค์ค‘์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ์กด์žฌ๋ฅผ
17:37
be able to detect.
422
1057260
2000
ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:39
And so exotic as this picture is,
423
1059260
3000
์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ์ € ์‹ ๊ธฐํ•œ ์ด๋ก ์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
17:42
it may one day be grounded
424
1062260
2000
์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ด€์ธก์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
17:44
in observations,
425
1064260
2000
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ์กด์žฌ๊ฐ€
17:46
establishing the existence of other universes.
426
1066260
3000
์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ž…์ฆ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:49
I'll conclude
427
1069260
2000
๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์•ž์„œ ์„ค๋ช…๋“œ๋ ธ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด
17:51
with a striking implication
428
1071260
3000
๋จผ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š”์ง€
17:54
of all these ideas
429
1074260
2000
์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
17:56
for the very far future.
430
1076260
2000
๊ฐ•์—ฐ์„ ๋งˆ์น˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:58
You see, we learned
431
1078260
2000
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋จผ ์€ํ•˜์—์„œ ์˜ค๋Š”
18:00
that our universe is not static,
432
1080260
2000
๋ณ„๋น›๋“ค์„ ๊ด€์ธกํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
18:02
that space is expanding,
433
1082260
2000
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์šฐ์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ์ •์ ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
18:04
that that expansion is speeding up
434
1084260
2000
์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ํŒฝ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„
18:06
and that there might be other universes
435
1086260
2000
๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:08
all by carefully examining
436
1088260
2000
๋˜ ๊ทธ ํŒฝ์ฐฝ ์†๋„๊ฐ€ ์ ์ 
18:10
faint pinpoints of starlight
437
1090260
2000
๋นจ๋ผ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์šฐ์ฃผ ์™ธ์—
18:12
coming to us from distant galaxies.
438
1092260
3000
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋“ค์ด ์กด์žฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ๋„ ํ™•์ธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:15
But because the expansion is speeding up,
439
1095260
3000
์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ํŒฝ์ฐฝ์ด ์ ์  ๋” ๋นจ๋ผ์ง€๋ฉด์„œ ์€ํ•˜๋“ค๋„ ์ ์ฐจ ๋”
18:18
in the very far future,
440
1098260
2000
๋ฉ€์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋จผ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์—๋Š”
18:20
those galaxies will rush away so far and so fast
441
1100260
3000
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์€ํ•˜๋“ค์„ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๊ด€์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:23
that we won't be able to see them --
442
1103260
3000
์ด๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•ด์„œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
18:26
not because of technological limitations,
443
1106260
2000
์šฐ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ์ง€๋ฐฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ๋ฒ•์น™์„
18:28
but because of the laws of physics.
444
1108260
2000
๊ฑฐ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:30
The light those galaxies emit,
445
1110260
2000
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์€ํ•˜๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์˜ค๋Š” ๋น›์€
18:32
even traveling at the fastest speed, the speed of light,
446
1112260
3000
์•„๋ฌด๋ฆฌ ๋นจ๋ผ๋„ ์†๋„์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
18:35
will not be able to overcome
447
1115260
2000
๋Š์ž„์—†์ด ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”
18:37
the ever-widening gulf between us.
448
1117260
3000
๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ํŒฝ์ฐฝ ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:40
So astronomers in the far future
449
1120260
2000
๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋จผ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž๋“ค์€
18:42
looking out into deep space
450
1122260
2000
์šฐ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณผ ๋•Œ
18:44
will see nothing but an endless stretch
451
1124260
3000
์ •์ ์ด๊ณ  ์น ํ‘ ๊ฐ™์€ ์–ด๋‘  ๋ฐ–์—
18:47
of static, inky, black stillness.
452
1127260
4000
๋ณด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์—” ์šฐ์ฃผ๊ฐ€
18:51
And they will conclude
453
1131260
2000
์ •์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ณ€ํ• ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
18:53
that the universe is static and unchanging
454
1133260
2000
์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด ํ•œ ๊ณณ์— ๋ชจ์—ฌ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š”
18:55
and populated by a single central oasis of matter
455
1135260
3000
๊ฒฐ๋ก ์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:58
that they inhabit --
456
1138260
2000
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ํ‹€๋ฆฌ๋‹ค๊ณ 
19:00
a picture of the cosmos
457
1140260
2000
์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
19:02
that we definitively know to be wrong.
458
1142260
3000
๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค๋กœ ๋ฏฟ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:05
Now maybe those future astronomers will have records
459
1145260
3000
๋ฌผ๋ก  ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๋จผ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž๋“ค๋„
19:08
handed down from an earlier era,
460
1148260
2000
์ด์ „ ์„ธ๋Œ€๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋‚ด๋ ค์˜ค๋Š” ์ž๋ฃŒ๋“ค์„
19:10
like ours,
461
1150260
2000
ํ†ตํ•ด ์€ํ•˜๋“ค๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“์ฐจ๊ณ 
19:12
attesting to an expanding cosmos
462
1152260
2000
๋™์ ์œผ๋กœ ํŒฝ์ฐฝํ•˜๋Š”
19:14
teeming with galaxies.
463
1154260
2000
์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ์ ‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:16
But would those future astronomers
464
1156260
2000
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด
19:18
believe such ancient knowledge?
465
1158260
3000
๊ณ ๋Œ€์˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ฏฟ์„๊นŒ์š”,
19:21
Or would they believe
466
1161260
2000
์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ตœ์ฒจ๋‹จ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด
19:23
in the black, static empty universe
467
1163260
3000
๊ด€์ธกํ•œ ์ •์ ์ด๊ณ  ํ……ํ…… ๋น„์–ด ์žˆ๋Š”,
19:26
that their own state-of-the-art observations reveal?
468
1166260
4000
์‹œ์ปค๋จผ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์‹ค๋กœ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
19:30
I suspect the latter.
469
1170260
2000
์ €๋Š” ํ›„์ž๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:32
Which means that we are living
470
1172260
2000
์ฆ‰, ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
19:34
through a remarkably privileged era
471
1174260
3000
ํƒํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ์ง„์‹ค์„ ํŒŒํ—ค์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”,
19:37
when certain deep truths about the cosmos
472
1177260
2000
์ถ•๋ณต๋ฐ›์€ ์‹œ๋Œ€๋ฅผ
19:39
are still within reach
473
1179260
2000
์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
19:41
of the human spirit of exploration.
474
1181260
2000
์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํŠนํ˜œ๋ฅผ
19:43
It appears that it may not always be that way.
475
1183260
5000
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ธ์ œ๊นŒ์ง€๋‚˜ ๋ˆ„๋ฆฌ์ง€๋Š” ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:48
Because today's astronomers,
476
1188260
2000
์ด ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ ์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž๋“ค์€
19:50
by turning powerful telescopes to the sky,
477
1190260
3000
๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋ง์›๊ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š˜์„ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋ฉฐ
19:53
have captured a handful of starkly informative photons --
478
1193260
3000
๋งˆ์น˜ ์ „๋ณด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
19:56
a kind of cosmic telegram
479
1196260
3000
์ˆ˜์‹ญ ์–ต ๋…„ ์ „ ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ฐ„์งํ•œ ์ฑ„ ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ–ฅํ•ด
19:59
billions of years in transit.
480
1199260
2000
๋‚ ์•„์˜ค๋Š” ๋น›๋“ค์„ ํฌ์ฐฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:01
and the message echoing across the ages is clear.
481
1201260
4000
์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์„ธ์›”์„ ๊ฑฐ์ณ ๋‚ ์•„์˜จ ์ด ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋“ค์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋Š” ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:05
Sometimes nature guards her secrets
482
1205260
3000
์ž์—ฐ์€ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ ๋ฒ•์น™ ๋’ค์—
20:08
with the unbreakable grip
483
1208260
2000
์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋น„๋ฐ€๋“ค์„
20:10
of physical law.
484
1210260
2000
์ˆจ๊ฒจ ๋†“๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:12
Sometimes the true nature of reality beckons
485
1212260
4000
์ง„์‹ค์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ฑ„ ์ˆ˜ํ‰์„  ๋„ˆ๋จธ์—์„œ
20:16
from just beyond the horizon.
486
1216260
3000
์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์‹ ๋น„๋กœ์›€์˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:19
Thank you very much.
487
1219260
2000
๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:21
(Applause)
488
1221260
4000
(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
20:25
Chris Anderson: Brian, thank you.
489
1225260
2000
ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค ์•ค๋”์Šจ: ๊ทธ๋ฆฐ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋‹˜ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:27
The range of ideas you've just spoken about
490
1227260
2000
๊ฐ•์—ฐํ•˜์‹  ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ์ •๋ง
20:29
are dizzying, exhilarating, incredible.
491
1229260
3000
๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“ค ์ •๋„๋กœ ๋Œ€๋‹จํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:32
How do you think
492
1232260
2000
ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
20:34
of where cosmology is now,
493
1234260
2000
์—ญ์‚ฌ์ ์ธ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ๋ดค์„ ๋•Œ ํ˜„์žฌ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋ก ์ด
20:36
in a sort of historical side?
494
1236260
2000
์–ด๋””์ฏค ์™€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
20:38
Are we in the middle of something unusual historically in your opinion?
495
1238260
3000
ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋ก ์ด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์™€ ์ฐจ๋ณ„๋˜๋Š” ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
20:41
BG: Well it's hard to say.
496
1241260
2000
๋ธŒ๋ผ์ด์–ธ ๊ทธ๋ฆฐ: ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”. ์ข€ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด๋„ค์š”.
20:43
When we learn that astronomers of the far future
497
1243260
3000
๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•ด ์šฐ์ฃผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„
20:46
may not have enough information to figure things out,
498
1246260
3000
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ž€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๊นจ๋‹ซ๊ฒŒ ๋์„ ๋•Œ ์ž์—ฐํžˆ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋„
20:49
the natural question is, maybe we're already in that position
499
1249260
3000
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹Œ์ง€ ์˜๋ฌธ์ด ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ–์— ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:52
and certain deep, critical features of the universe
500
1252260
3000
์šฐ์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์•„๋ฌด๋ฆฌ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ด๋„ ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜
20:55
already have escaped our ability to understand
501
1255260
3000
ํ•ต์‹ฌ์  ์›๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊นŠ์ด ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹Œ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š”
20:58
because of how cosmology evolves.
502
1258260
2000
์˜๋ฌธ์ด ๋“ค์—ˆ์ฃ .
21:00
So from that perspective,
503
1260260
2000
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ๋ดค์„ ๋•Œ ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
21:02
maybe we will always be asking questions
504
1262260
2000
๋Š์ž„์—†์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋˜์ง€๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ๊ทธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•ด๋‹ต์„
21:04
and never be able to fully answer them.
505
1264260
2000
์™„์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์–ป์ง€๋Š” ๋ชปํ• ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:06
On the other hand, we now can understand
506
1266260
2000
๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€
21:08
how old the universe is.
507
1268260
2000
์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„ ๋˜๋Š”์ง€
21:10
We can understand
508
1270260
2000
๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ–ˆ๊ณ 
21:12
how to understand the data from the microwave background radiation
509
1272260
3000
137์–ต ๋…„ ์ „์— ์ƒ์„ฑ๋œ
21:15
that was set down 13.72 billion years ago --
510
1275260
3000
๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ๋ณต์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ชจ์Šต์ผ์ง€ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•ด
21:18
and yet, we can do calculations today to predict how it will look
511
1278260
2000
์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ทธ ์˜ˆ์ธก์ด
21:20
and it matches.
512
1280260
2000
์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž„์„ ์ž…์ฆํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:22
Holy cow! That's just amazing.
513
1282260
2000
์ด๊ฑด ์—„์ฒญ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:24
So on the one hand, it's just incredible where we've gotten,
514
1284260
3000
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ•œํŽธ์œผ๋ก  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ์˜จ ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์ •๋ง ๊ต‰์žฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š”
21:27
but who knows what sort of blocks we may find in the future.
515
1287260
4000
์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋“ค์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๋˜ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ๋“ค์ด ํŽผ์ณ์งˆ์ง€๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ์ผ์ด์ฃ .
21:31
CA: You're going to be around for the next few days.
516
1291260
3000
ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค ์•ค๋”์Šจ: ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋ฉฐ์น ๊ฐ„ ๋” ๊ณ„์‹คํ…Œ๋‹ˆ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์–˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ
21:34
Maybe some of these conversations can continue.
517
1294260
2000
๋” ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:36
Thank you. Thank you, Brian. (BG: My pleasure.)
518
1296260
2000
๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (๊ทธ๋ฆฐ: ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜๊ด‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค)
21:38
(Applause)
519
1298260
3000
(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7