The danger of science denial | Michael Specter

463,215 views ใƒป 2010-04-12

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Poram Lee ๊ฒ€ํ† : ChangHyun Lee
00:15
Let's pretend right here we have a machine.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์–ด๋–ค ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
00:18
A big machine, a cool, TED-ish machine,
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์ปค๋‹ค๋ž—๊ณ  ์‹ ์ด ๋‚˜๋Š”, TED ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
and it's a time machine.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํƒ€์ž„๋จธ์‹ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:22
And everyone in this room has to get into it.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋ฐฉ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๊ทธ ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:24
And you can go backwards, you can go forwards;
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ๋„ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋กœ๋„ ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค;
00:26
you cannot stay where you are.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ํ˜„์‹œ๋Œ€์— ๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:28
And I wonder what you'd choose, because I've been asking my friends
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์ชฝ์„ ์„ ํƒํ• ์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ์ „ ์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„
00:30
this question a lot lately and they all want to go back.
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์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํ•ด๋ณด์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ทธ๋“ค ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์›ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:33
I don't know. They want to go back before there were automobiles
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์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๋“ค ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ž๋™์ฐจ, ํŠธ์œ„ํ„ฐ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์นธ ์•„์ด๋Œ์ด
00:35
or Twitter or "American Idol."
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์—†๋˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:37
I don't know.
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์ €๋Š” ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
00:39
I'm convinced that there's some sort of pull
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์ €๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ํ–ฅ์ˆ˜์— ์˜ํ•œ ์–ด๋–ค ๋Œ๋ฆผ์ด๋‚˜
00:41
to nostalgia, to wishful thinking.
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ํฌ๋ง ์‚ฌํ•ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ๋ฆผ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:43
And I understand that.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:45
I'm not part of that crowd, I have to say.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์ค‘์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ตฐ์š”. ์ €๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ
00:48
I don't want to go back, and it's not because I'm adventurous.
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๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ๋ชจํ—˜์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์–ด์„œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:50
It's because possibilities on this planet,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด ์„ธ์ƒ์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
00:52
they don't go back, they go forward.
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์„ธ์ƒ์€ ๋’ค๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์„ธ์ƒ์€ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€์ฃ .
00:54
So I want to get in the machine, and I want to go forward.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€, ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋กœ ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:57
This is the greatest time there's ever been on this planet
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์ง€๊ธˆ์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:00
by any measure that you wish to choose:
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์„ ํƒํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ค€์—์„œ๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
01:02
health, wealth,
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๊ฑด๊ฐ•, ๋ถ€,
01:04
mobility, opportunity,
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์ด๋™์„ฑ, ๊ธฐํšŒ,
01:06
declining rates of disease ...
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์งˆ๋ณ‘์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ์œจ.
01:08
There's never been a time like this.
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์•˜๋˜ ์ ์€ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
My great-grandparents died, all of them,
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์ €์˜ ์ฆ์กฐ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋ชจ๋‘
01:12
by the time they were 60.
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๋‚˜์ด 60 ์ฆˆ์Œ์— ์ฃฝ์Œ์„ ๋งž์ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:14
My grandparents pushed that number to 70.
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์ œ ์กฐ๋ถ€๋ชจ ์‹œ๋Œ€์—๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ˆซ์ž๋ฅผ 70์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ€์–ด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:16
My parents are closing in on 80.
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์ œ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์€ ์—ฐ์„ธ๊ฐ€ 80์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์›Œ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:18
So there better be
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฃฝ์„ ๋•Œ ์ฆˆ์Œ์—๋Š”
01:21
a nine at the beginning of my death number.
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์ œ ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ 9๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:24
But it's not even about people like us,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์กฐ์ฐจ๋„ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
because this is a bigger deal than that.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ํฐ ์‚ฌ์•ˆ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:29
A kid born in New Delhi today
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ๋‰ด๋ธ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚œ ์•„์ด๋Š”
01:31
can expect to live as long as
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100๋…„ ์ „ ์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋ถ€์œ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋งŒํผ
01:33
the richest man in the world did 100 years ago.
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์˜ค๋ž˜ ์‚ด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:35
Think about that, it's an incredible fact.
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๊ทธ ์ ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์ด๊ฑด ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:37
And why is it true?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์™œ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ง„์‹ค์ด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:39
Smallpox. Smallpox killed billions
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์ฒœ์—ฐ๋‘. ์ฒœ์—ฐ๋‘๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜
01:41
of people on this planet.
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์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์ฃฝ์˜€์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:43
It reshaped the demography of the globe
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์ฒœ์—ฐ๋‘๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์–ด๋–ค ์ „์Ÿ๋„ ํ•ด๋‚ด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์ •๋„๋กœ
01:45
in a way that no war ever has.
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์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ์ธ๊ตฌ ํ†ต๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์–ด ๋ฒ„๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:47
It's gone. It's vanished.
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์ฒœ์—ฐ๋‘๋Š” ์ด์ œ ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋ผ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:49
We vanquished it. Puff.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํœด~
01:51
In the rich world,
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๋ถ€์œ ํ•œ ์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š”,
01:53
diseases that threatened millions of us just a generation ago
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์ˆ˜ ์„ธ๋Œ€ ์ „์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ค‘ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์œ„ํ˜‘ํ–ˆ๋˜
01:56
no longer exist, hardly.
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์งˆ๋ณ‘๋“ค์ด ๋”๋Š” ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:58
Diphtheria, rubella, polio ...
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ํ’์ง„, ์†Œ์•„๋งˆ๋น„, ๋””ํ”„ํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์•„[์ฃผ๋กœ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธ‰์„ฑ ์ „์—ผ๋ณ‘์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜]
02:00
does anyone even know what those things are?
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋ญ”์ง€๋‚˜ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:03
Vaccines, modern medicine,
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๋ฐฑ์‹ , ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์˜ํ•™,
02:06
our ability to feed billions of people,
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์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์Œ์‹์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ,
02:08
those are triumphs of the scientific method.
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๊ณผํ•™์  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์˜ ์Šน๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:10
And to my mind, the scientific method --
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—, ๊ณผํ•™์  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋ž€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:12
trying stuff out,
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ณ ,
02:14
seeing if it works, changing it when it doesn't --
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ž˜ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ , ์ž˜ ์•ˆ๋˜๋ฉด ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ
02:17
is one of the great accomplishments of humanity.
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์ธ๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฃฌ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์„ฑ์ทจ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:19
So that's the good news.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ข‹์€ ์†Œ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:21
Unfortunately, that's all the good news
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ถˆํ–‰ํžˆ๋„ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์€ ์†Œ์‹ ์ „๋ถ€๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
02:23
because there are some other problems, and they've been mentioned many times.
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์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๊ณ , ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์€ ๊ณ„์† ์–ธ๊ธ‰๋๋˜ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:26
And one of them is that
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”,
02:28
despite all our accomplishments,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์„ฑ์ทจ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ ,
02:30
a billion people go to bed hungry
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์„ธ์ƒ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋งค๋…„ ๋ฐฐ๊ณ ํ”ˆ ์ฑ„๋กœ
02:32
in this world every day.
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์ž ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ๋“ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:34
That number's rising, and it's rising really rapidly, and it's disgraceful.
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์ด ์ˆซ์ž๋Š” ์ปค์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ , ์ •๋ง ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ปค์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฑด ์ˆ˜์น˜์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:37
And not only that, we've used our imagination
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ƒ์ƒ๋ ฅ์„ ๋™์›ํ•ด์„œ
02:40
to thoroughly trash this globe.
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์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์—‰๋ง์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:42
Potable water, arable land,
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๋งˆ์‹œ๊ธฐ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ๋ฌผ, ๊ฒฝ์ž‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋•…,
02:44
rainforests, oil, gas:
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์—ด๋Œ€์šฐ๋ฆผ, ๊ธฐ๋ฆ„, ๊ฐ€์Šค
02:46
they're going away, and they're going away soon,
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ผ๋งˆ ์•ˆ ์žˆ์–ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์งˆ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:49
and unless we innovate our way out of this mess,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋‚œ์žฅํŒ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค์„ ํ˜์‹ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ด์ƒ,
02:52
we're going away too.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋„ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ ธ ๋ฒ„๋ฆด ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:54
So the question is: Can we do that? And I think we can.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š๋ƒ์ธ๋ฐ, ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:57
I think it's clear that we can make food
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—” ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋•…์„ ์ง“๋ฐŸ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ๋„
02:59
that will feed billions of people without raping the land that they live on.
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์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋จน์—ฌ ์‚ด๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๋งŒํผ ์Œ์‹์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:02
I think we can power this world with energy
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ๋„
03:04
that doesn't also destroy it.
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์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๋ฐํž ๋งŒํผ์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:06
I really do believe that, and, no, it ain't wishful thinking.
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์ €๋Š” ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๋‚™์ฒœ์ ์ธ ํฌ๋ง ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
But here's the thing that keeps me up at night --
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐค์„ ์ƒˆ์šฐ๋ฉฐ ๊ณ ๋ฏผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:12
one of the things that keeps me up at night:
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐค์„ ์ƒˆ์šฐ๋ฉฐ ๊ณ ๋ฏผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:16
We've never needed progress in science more than we need it right now. Never.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์ด ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๊ณผํ•™ ๋ฐœ์ „์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:19
And we've also never been in a position
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ
03:21
to deploy it properly in the way that we can today.
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋˜ ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:23
We're on the verge of amazing, amazing events
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๋งค์šฐ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ํ˜์‹ ์˜ ์ตœ์ฒจ๋‹จ์— ์ด๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:26
in many fields,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ถ„์•ผ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ์š”.
03:28
and yet I actually think we'd have to go back
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์ „ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:30
hundreds, 300 years, before the Enlightenment,
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๋ช‡๋ฐฑ ๋…„, ์‚ผ๋ฐฑ ๋…„, ์ด์„ฑ์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€ ๊ทธ ์ด์ „์œผ๋กœ[18์„ธ๊ธฐ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ ๊ฐœํ™”๋˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ณ„๋ชฝ์ฃผ์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€]
03:33
to find a time when we battled progress,
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๋ฐœ์ „ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ์‹ธ์›Œ์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€๋กœ์š”,
03:36
when we fought about these things
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ง€๊ธˆ๋ณด๋‹ค
03:38
more vigorously, on more fronts, than we do now.
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๋” ์„ ๋‘์—์„œ ๊ฒฉ๋ ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‹ธ์› ๋˜ ๊ทธ๋•Œ๋กœ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:41
People wrap themselves in their beliefs,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ž์‹ ์„ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋ฏฟ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์Œ‰๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:43
and they do it so tightly that you can't set them free.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋‹จ๋‹จํžˆ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๋ชป ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:46
Not even the truth will set them free.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ง„์‹ค๋งˆ์ €๋„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชป ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
And, listen, everyone's entitled to their opinion;
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•  ์ž๊ฒฉ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:51
they're even entitled to their opinion about progress.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ง„๋ณด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•  ์ž๊ฒฉ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:53
But you know what you're not entitled to?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ž๊ฒฉ์ด ์—†๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:55
You're not entitled to your own facts. Sorry, you're not.
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์ž๊ธฐ๋งŒ์˜ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ž๊ฒฉ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃ„์†กํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:58
And this took me awhile to figure out.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ฝค ์˜ค๋ž˜ ๊ฑธ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:00
About a decade ago, I wrote a story about vaccines
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10๋…„์ฏค ์ „์—, ์ €๋Š” ์žก์ง€ ๋‰ด์š”์ปค์— ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
04:02
for The New Yorker. A little story.
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์ž‘์€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:04
And I was amazed to find opposition:
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ ์˜๊ฒฌ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๊ณ ๋Š” ๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:06
opposition to what is, after all,
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๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์ธ๋ฅ˜์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ
04:09
the most effective public health measure in human history.
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๊ณต๊ณต ์˜๋ฃŒ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
I didn't know what to do,
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์ €๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ์ง€ ๋ชฐ๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:14
so I just did what I do: I wrote a story and I moved on.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ ์ผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ”์ฃ .
04:17
And soon after that,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ ๋ฐ”๋กœ,
04:20
I wrote a story about genetically engineered food.
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์œ ์ „ ๊ณตํ•™ ์‹ํ’ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:22
Same thing, only bigger.
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์ข€ ๋” ํ™•๋Œ€๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋ฟ, ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์ฃ .
04:24
People were going crazy.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋ฏธ์ณ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:26
So I wrote a story about that too,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์–˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋˜ ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:28
and I couldn't understand why
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์™œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์œ ์ „์ž๋ณ€ํ˜• ์‹ํ’ˆ์„
04:30
people thought this was "Frankenfoods,"
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ํ”„๋ž‘์ผ„ํ‘ธ๋“œ[ํ”„๋ž‘์ผ„์Šˆํƒ€์ธ ์‹ํ’ˆ]๋ผ ๋น„ํ•˜ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:32
why they thought moving molecules around
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์™œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ถ„์ž๋“ค์„ ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ
04:34
in a specific, rather than a haphazard way,
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์ด๋ฆฌ์ €๋ฆฌ ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ๋†“๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ž์—ฐ์˜ ๊ทผ๋ณธ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์„ ์นจํ•ดํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ 
04:37
was trespassing on nature's ground.
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:40
But, you know, I do what I do. I wrote the story, I moved on.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์ €๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ ์ผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:42
I mean, I'm a journalist.
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์ œ ๋ง์€, ์ €๋Š” ์–ธ๋ก ์ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:44
We type, we file, we go to dinner. It's fine.
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ํƒ€์ž๋ฅผ ์น˜๊ณ , ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์†กํ•˜๊ณ ๋Š” ์ €๋…์„ ๋จน์œผ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ฃ . ๊ทธ๊ฑธ๋กœ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:47
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:50
But these stories bothered me,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ €๋ฅผ ๊ดด๋กญํ˜”๊ณ 
04:52
and I couldn't figure out why, and eventually I did.
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์ €๋Š” ์™œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๊ณ , ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์—๋Š” ์•Œ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:54
And that's because those fanatics that were driving me crazy
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ ˆ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ด‘์‹ ๋„๋“ค์ด
04:57
weren't actually fanatics at all.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ง„์ •์œผ๋กœ ๊ด‘์‹ ๋„๋“ค์ด ์ „ํ˜€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
04:59
They were thoughtful people, educated people, decent people.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ๋ ค ๊นŠ๊ณ  ๊ต์œก๋ฐ›์•˜๊ณ  ํ’ˆ์œ„์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:02
They were exactly like the people in this room.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์ด๊ณณ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:06
And it just disturbed me so much.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ €๋ฅผ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๊ดด๋กญํžˆ์ฃ .
05:08
But then I thought, you know, let's be honest.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด, ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ํƒ ํ„ฐ๋†“๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด
05:11
We're at a point in this world
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋”๋Š” "์ง„๋ณด"์™€์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€
05:13
where we don't have the same relationship to progress that we used to.
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์˜ˆ์ „ ๊ฐ™์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์‹œ๋Œ€์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:16
We talk about it ambivalently.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์• ์ฆ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:18
We talk about it in ironic terms with little quotes around it:
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋”ฐ์˜ดํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์ธ ์•„์ด๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆํ•œ ์šฉ์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:20
"progress."
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋ฐ”๋กœ "์ง„๋ณด"๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:23
Okay, there are reasons for that, and I think we know what those reasons are.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ง€์š”. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ๋ญ”์ง€ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:26
We've lost faith in institutions,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ต์œก ๊ธฐ๊ด€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋ฅผ ์žƒ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
in authority,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ถŒ์œ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋ฅผ ์žƒ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:30
and sometimes in science itself,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™ ์ž์ฒด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„ ์žƒ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:32
and there's no reason we shouldn't have.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์žƒ์ง€ ๋ง์•„์•ผ ํ•  ์ด์œ ๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:34
You can just say a few names
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด๋ฆ„๋งŒ ์ฃผ์›Œ์„ฌ๊ฒจ๋„
05:36
and people will understand.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:38
Chernobyl, Bhopal, the Challenger,
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์ฒด๋ฅด๋…ธ๋นŒ(์›์ „์‚ฌ๊ณ ), ๋ณดํŒ”(๊ณต์žฅ ํญ๋ฐœ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด), ์ฑŒ๋ฆฐ์ €(์šฐ์ฃผ์™•๋ณต์„  ํญ๋ฐœ์‚ฌ๊ณ )
05:41
Vioxx, weapons of mass destruction,
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๋ฐ”์ด์˜ฅ์Šค[์‹ฌ์žฅ๋งˆ๋น„์™€ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ๋ฐํ˜€์ ธ ์œ ํ†ต ์ค‘์ง€๋œ ์•ฝํ’ˆ], ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ ์‚ด์ƒ ๋ฌด๊ธฐ,
05:44
hanging chads.
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์ฒœ๊ณต ๋ถ€์Šค๋Ÿฌ๊ธฐ[2000๋…„ ์•Œ๊ณ ์–ด ๋Œ€ ๋ถ€์‹œ ๋Œ€์„  ์žฌ๊ฐœํ‘œ ๋…ผ๋ž€์˜ ์›์ธ]
05:46
You know, you can choose your list.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:49
There are questions and problems
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ณ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š˜ ๋ฏฟ์–ด ์™”๋˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š”
05:51
with the people we used to believe were always right,
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๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์˜์‹ฌ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:53
so be skeptical.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ํšŒ์˜์ ์ด ๋˜์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:56
Ask questions, demand proof, demand evidence.
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์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋˜์ง€๊ณ  ์ฆ๋ช…์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜์‹œ๊ณ  ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
05:59
Don't take anything for granted.
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๋‹น์—ฐํ•œ ๋“ฏ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
06:01
But here's the thing: When you get proof,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ ์€ ๋งŒ์ผ ์ž…์ฆ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
06:04
you need to accept the proof, and we're not that good at doing that.
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๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ž˜ ๋ชป ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:07
And the reason that I can say that is because
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š”
06:09
we're now in an epidemic of fear
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณธ์ ์ด ์—†๋Š”, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์€
06:11
like one I've never seen and hope never to see again.
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์ „์—ผ๋ณ‘ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณตํฌ ์†์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:14
About 12 years ago, there was a story published,
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12๋…„์ฏค ์ „์—, ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ถœํŒ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:16
a horrible story,
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๋งค์šฐ ๋ฌด์„œ์šด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:18
that linked the epidemic of autism
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์žํ์ฆ์˜ ํ™•์‚ฐ์ด ํ™์—ญ, ๋ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ, ํ’์ง„ ๋ฐฑ์‹  ์ ‘์ข…๊ณผ
06:21
to the measles, mumps and rubella vaccine shot.
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๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:24
Very scary.
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๋งค์šฐ ๋ฌด์„œ์šด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:26
Tons of studies were done to see if this was true.
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์ด๊ฒŒ ์ง„์‹ค์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ณ ์ž ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:29
Tons of studies should have been done; it's a serious issue.
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๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜€์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”
06:32
The data came back.
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋“ค์ด ๋‚˜์˜ค๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
06:34
The data came back from the United States, from England,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ, ์˜๊ตญ, ์Šค์›จ๋ด, ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค ๋“ฑ์ง€์—์„œ
06:36
from Sweden, from Canada,
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋“ค์ด ์–ป์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:38
and it was all the same: no correlation,
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ™์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:40
no connection, none at all.
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์„œ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ด€๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ํ˜€์š”.
06:42
It doesn't matter. It doesn't matter
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜, ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์†Œ์šฉ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ํ˜€ ์ƒ๊ด€์ด ์—†์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
06:44
because we believe anecdotes,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋“ค์„ ๋” ๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:46
we believe what we see, what we think we see,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ณธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค,
06:48
what makes us feel real.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„์งœ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:50
We don't believe a bunch of documents
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ •๋ถ€ ์ž„์›์ด ์ค€ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•œ
06:52
from a government official giving us data,
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์„œ๋ฅ˜ ๋ญ‰์น˜๋“ค์„ ๋ฏฟ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:54
and I do understand that, I think we all do.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์ดํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:56
But you know what?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:58
The result of that has been disastrous.
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์ฒ˜์ฐธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:00
Disastrous because here's a fact:
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์ฒ˜์ฐธํ•˜์ฃ . ์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์€ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ
07:03
The United States is one of the only countries in the world
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ํ™์—ญ ๋ฐฑ์‹  ์ ‘์ข…๋ฅ ์ด ํ•˜๋ฝํ•˜๋Š”
07:05
where the vaccine rate for measles is going down.
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๋ช‡ ์•ˆ ๋˜๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ผ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:08
That is disgraceful,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ˆ˜์น˜์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ ,
07:10
and we should be ashamed of ourselves.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋„๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ค„ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:12
It's horrible.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋”์ฐํ•œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:14
What kind of a thing happened
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๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๊ธฐ์—
07:16
that we could do that?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”.
07:18
Now, I understand it. I do understand it.
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์ด์ œ๋Š” ์ „ ์ดํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ง ์ดํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:21
Because, did anyone have measles here?
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์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด, ์ด ์ค‘์—์„œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ ํ™์—ญ์— ๊ฑธ๋ฆฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:23
Has one person in this audience ever seen someone die of measles?
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์ด ์ค‘์—์„œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๋„ ํ™์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ์ฃฝ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ณธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:26
Doesn't happen very much.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ง€์š”.
07:28
Doesn't happen in this country at all,
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์ด ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ „ํ˜€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์ฃ .
07:30
but it happened 160,000 times in the world last year.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ง€๋‚œํ•ด ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ 160,000๋ฒˆ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:32
That's a lot of death of measles --
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ํ™์—ญ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋งŽ์€ ์ฃฝ์Œ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:34
20 an hour.
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1์‹œ๊ฐ„์— 20๋ช…์ด ์ฃฝ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:36
But since it didn't happen here, we can put it out of our minds,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜, ์ด ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ, ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:39
and people like Jenny McCarthy
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๋‹ˆ ๋งค์นด์‹œ(Jenny McCarthy) ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด, [์ œ๋‹ˆ ๋งค์นด์‹œ: ์•„๋“ค์ด ์žํ์ฆ์— ๊ฑธ๋ฆฐ ํ›„, ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์ด ์žํ์ฆ์„ ์ผ์œผ์ผฐ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•จ]
07:41
can go around preaching messages
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๋‹ˆ ๋งค์นด์‹œ(Jenny McCarthy) ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด, [์ œ๋‹ˆ ๋งค์นด์‹œ: ์•„๋“ค์ด ์žํ์ฆ์— ๊ฑธ๋ฆฐ ํ›„, ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์ด ์žํ์ฆ์„ ์ผ์œผ์ผฐ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•จ]
07:43
of fear and illiteracy from platforms
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์˜คํ”„๋ผ ์œˆํ”„๋ฆฌ ์‡ผ๋‚˜ ๋ž˜๋ฆฌ ํ‚น ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ ์‡ผ์—์„œ
07:45
like "Oprah" and "Larry King Live."
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๊ณตํฌ์™€ ๋ฌธ๋งน์˜ ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ์„คํŒŒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:48
And they can do it because
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š”
07:50
they don't link causation and correlation.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์š”์ธ๊ณผ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ง“์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:52
They don't understand that these things seem the same,
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์ด ๋‘˜์€ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์•„ ๋ณด์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ฑฐ์˜
07:55
but they're almost never the same.
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๊ฐ™์ง€ ์•Š์Œ์„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชป ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:57
And it's something we need to learn, and we need to learn it really soon.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทผ์‹œ์ผ ๋‚ด์— ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:00
This guy was a hero, Jonas Salk.
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์กฐ๋‚˜์Šค ์†”ํฌ(Jonas Salk), ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์˜์›…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:03
He took one of the worst scourges of mankind away from us.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ธ๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์žฌ์•™ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์—†์• ๋ฒ„๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:06
No fear, no agony. Polio -- puff, gone.
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๊ณตํฌ๋„ ์—†๊ณ , ๊ณ ํ†ต๋„ ์—†๊ณ , ์†Œ์•„๋งˆ๋น„๋„, ํ›„~, ์‚ฌ๋ผ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:09
That guy in the middle, not so much.
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์ค‘๊ฐ„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€, ๋ณ„๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:12
His name is Paul Offit.
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๊ทธ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ ํด ์˜คํ•(Paul Offit)์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:14
He just developed a rotavirus vaccine with a bunch of other people.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์–ผ๋งˆ ์ „ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ๋กœํ„ฐ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:16
It'll save the lives of 400 to 500,000 kids
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋„์ƒ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋งค๋…„ 40๋งŒ, 50๋งŒ ๋ช…์˜
08:19
in the developing world every year.
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์•„์ด๋“ค์˜ ๋ชฉ์ˆจ์„ ๊ตฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:21
Pretty good, right?
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์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:23
Well, it's good, except that Paul goes around talking about vaccines
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์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ด์ง€์š”. ํด์ด ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ ๋นผ๋ฉด์š”.
08:25
and says how valuable they are
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ํด์€ ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:27
and that people ought to just stop the whining.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ง•์ง•๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถฐ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ฃ .
08:29
And he actually says it that way.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:31
So, Paul's a terrorist.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํด์€ ํ…Œ๋Ÿฌ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:34
When Paul speaks in a public hearing,
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ํด์ด ๊ณต์ฒญํšŒ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์–ธํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด,
08:36
he can't testify without armed guards.
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๋ฌด์žฅํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ˜ธ์›๋“ค ์—†์ด๋Š” ์ฆ์–ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:38
He gets called at home
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ํด์˜ ์ง‘์—๋Š” ์ „ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๊ฑธ๋ ค์˜ค๋Š” ๋ฐ,
08:40
because people like to tell him
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์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฑด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ํด์˜ ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด
08:42
that they remember where his kids go to school.
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์–ด๋Š ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฐ€๋Š”์ง€ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์œ„ํ˜‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:44
And why? Because Paul made a vaccine.
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์™œ๋“ค ์ด๋Ÿฌ๋ƒ๊ณ ์š”? ์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ํด์ด ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:47
I don't need to say this, but vaccines are essential.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ํ•  ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์€ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:50
You take them away, disease comes back,
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๋ฐฑ์‹ ์„ ์—†์• ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋ฉด, ์งˆ๋ณ‘๋“ค์ด ๋Œ์•„์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:52
horrible diseases. And that's happening.
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๋ฌด์„œ์šด ์งˆ๋ณ‘๋“ค ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:55
We have measles in this country now.
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์ด ๋‚˜๋ผ์—๋Š” ์ด์ œ ํ™์—ญ์— ๊ฑธ๋ฆฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:57
And it's getting worse, and pretty soon kids
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ์ ์  ์•…ํ™”ํ•˜์—ฌ, ์ข€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด
08:59
are going to die of it again because it's just a numbers game.
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ํ™์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ์ฃฝ์–ด๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ์ด๊ฑด ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ์ˆซ์ž ๊ฒŒ์ž„์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:01
And they're not just going to die of measles.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ํ™์—ญ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ์ฃฝ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:03
What about polio? Let's have that. Why not?
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์†Œ์•„๋งˆ๋น„๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์†Œ์•„๋งˆ๋น„๋„ ๊ฑธ๋ ค๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ์•ˆ๋  ๊ฒŒ ๋ญ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
09:05
A college classmate of mine wrote me a couple weeks ago and said
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์ œ ๋Œ€ํ•™ ๋™๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ช‡ ์ฃผ ์ „์— ์ œ๊ฒŒ ํŽธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ผ๋Š”๋ฐ,
09:08
she thought I was a little strident.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์†Œ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๋‹ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:10
No one's ever said that before.
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์ „์— ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•œ ์ ์ด ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:13
She wasn't going to vaccinate her kid against polio,
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๊ทธ๋…€ ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์†Œ์•„๋งˆ๋น„ ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์„ ์ ‘์ข…ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:15
no way.
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์ ˆ๋Œ€ ์•ˆ ํ•œ๋‹ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:17
Fine.
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:19
Why? Because we don't have polio. And you know what?
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์™œ๋ƒ๊ณ ์š”? ์ด ๋‚˜๋ผ์— ์†Œ์•„๋งˆ๋น„๋Š” ์—†์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”. ๊ทธ๊ฑฐ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
09:21
We didn't have polio in this country yesterday.
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์ด ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ ์–ด์ œ๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ์†Œ์•„๋งˆ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:24
Today, I don't know, maybe a guy got on a plane in Lagos this morning,
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์˜ค๋Š˜, ์ €๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ, ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์•„์นจ์— ๋ผ๊ณ ์Šค[๋‚˜์ด์ง€๋ฆฌ์•„ ์˜› ์ˆ˜๋„]์—์„œ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ ,
09:27
and he's flying to LAX, right now he's over Ohio.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์—˜์—์ด ๊ณตํ•ญ์œผ๋กœ ์™€์„œ๋Š”, ์ง€๊ธˆ ์˜คํ•˜์ด์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐˆ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:29
And he's going to land in a couple of hours, he's going to rent a car,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ช‡ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋’ค์— ์ฐฉ๋ฅ™ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”, ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋นŒ๋ ค
09:32
and he's going to come to Long Beach,
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๋กฑ ๋น„์น˜[๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์„œ๋‚จ๋ถ€ ํ•ด์–‘๋„์‹œ]๋กœ ์˜ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:34
and he's going to attend one of these fabulous TED dinners tonight.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐค, ์ด ๋ฉ‹์žˆ๋Š” TED ์ €๋… ๋งŒ์ฐฌ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์— ์ฐธ๊ฐ€ํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ผ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:37
And he doesn't know that he's infected with a paralytic disease,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์ด ๋งˆ๋น„์„ฑ ์งˆํ™˜์— ๊ฑธ๋ฆฐ ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:40
and we don't either because that's the way the world works.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์„ธ์ƒ์ด ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
09:43
That's the planet we live on. Don't pretend it isn't.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋‹Œ ์ฒ™์€ ๋ง™์‹œ๋‹ค.
09:46
Now, we love to wrap ourselves in lies. We love to do it.
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์ด์ œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์„ ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง๋กœ ๊ฐ์‹ธ๊ธฐ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:49
Everyone take their vitamins this morning?
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์•„์นจ์— ๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผ์„ ๋จน์œผ์…จ์ง€์š”?
09:51
Echinacea, a little antioxidant
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๊ฐ€์ƒˆํ’€(์—ํ‚ค๋„ค์‹œ์•„; Echinacea), ์ž‘์€ ์‚ฐํ™” ๋ฐฉ์ง€์ œ๋ฅผ
09:53
to get you going.
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๋จน๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ฃ .
09:55
I know you did because half of Americans do every day.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ทธ๋žฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์ด ๋งค์ผ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
09:58
They take the stuff, and they take alternative medicines,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผ๋“ค์„ ๋จน๊ณ , ๋Œ€์ฒด ์˜์•ฝํ’ˆ๋“ค์„ ๋จน์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:01
and it doesn't matter how often
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ž์ฃผ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌด์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ
10:03
we find out that they're useless.
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์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๋Š”์ง€๋Š” ์‹ ๊ฒฝ ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:05
The data says it all the time.
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๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:07
They darken your urine. They almost never do more than that.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์†Œ๋ณ€ ์ƒ‰์„ ์–ด๋‘ก๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์ด์ƒ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:10
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
10:12
It's okay, you want to pay 28 billion dollars for dark urine?
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ 280์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋‘์šด ์ƒ‰๊น”์˜ ์†Œ๋ณ€์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์“ด ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:15
I'm totally with you.
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์ €๋Š” ์ „์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ํŽธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:17
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
10:19
Dark urine. Dark.
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์ง™์€ ์˜ค์คŒ. ์–ด๋‘ก์ง€์š”.
10:22
Why do we do that? Why do we do that?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์™œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์™œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
10:24
Well, I think I understand, we hate Big Pharma.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”. ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—”, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ œ์•ฝ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:26
We hate Big Government. We don't trust the Man.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ด€๋ฃŒ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ฏฟ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:28
And we shouldn't: Our health care system sucks.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ๋ฏฟ์ง€ ๋ง์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์˜๋ฃŒ๋ณดํ—˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ํ˜•ํŽธ์—†์ฃ .
10:31
It's cruel to millions of people.
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์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ์ž”์ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:33
It's absolutely astonishingly cold
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์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋†€๋ž„ ๋งŒํผ ์ฐจ๊ฐ‘์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:36
and soul-bending to those of us who can even afford it.
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์˜๋ฃŒ๋ณดํ—˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๊ฐ๋‹นํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ์กฐ์ฐจ๋„ ์ •์‹ ์ด ํ˜ผ๋ฏธํ•  ์ง€๊ฒฝ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:39
So we run away from it, and where do we run?
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋„๋ง์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์–ด๋””๋กœ ๊ฐˆ๊นŒ์š”?
10:42
We leap into the arms of Big Placebo.
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ”Œ๋ผ์‹œ๋ณด[์•ฝํšจ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ์„คํƒ•์•ฝ]์˜ ํ’ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:44
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
10:47
That's fantastic. I love Big Placebo.
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์ด๊ฑด ์ •๋ง ํ™˜์ƒ์ ์ด์ฃ . ์ €๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ”Œ๋ผ์‹œ๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:49
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
10:54
But, you know, it's really a serious thing
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ, ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ด๊ฑฐ ์ •๋ง ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:57
because this stuff is crap,
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์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ”Œ๋ผ์‹œ๋ณด ์ œํ’ˆ๋“ค์€ ์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑฐ๊ณ ์š”.
10:59
and we spend billions of dollars on it.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์— ์ˆ˜์‹ญ์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ์”๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:01
And I have all sorts of little props here.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ž‘์€ ์†Œํ’ˆ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋‚˜์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:04
None of it ... ginkgo, fraud;
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๊ทธ ์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ๋„, -- ์€ํ–‰๋‚˜๋ฌด[๊ธฐ์–ต๋ ฅ์— ์ข‹๋‹ค๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ค์ง], ์—‰ํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:06
echinacea, fraud;
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๊ฐ€์ƒˆํ’€, ์—ญ์‹œ ํšจ๊ณผ ์—†๊ณ ์š”,
11:08
acai -- I don't even know what that is
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์•„์นด์ด, ์ „ ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€์ฒด ๋ญ”์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:10
but we're spending billions of dollars on it -- it's fraud.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋‹ค ์ˆ˜์‹ญ์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์˜ ๋ˆ์„ ์“ฐ์ฃ . ๋‹ค ์‚ฌ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:13
And you know what? When I say this stuff, people scream at me,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ œ๊ฒŒ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:15
and they say, "What do you care? Let people do what they want to do.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋„ค๊ฐ€ ๋ญ” ์ƒ๊ด€์ด๋ƒ? ์ž๊ธฐ ๋ง˜๋Œ€๋กœ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด๋ฒ„๋ ค ๋‘ฌ."
11:18
It makes them feel good."
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"๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹๋‹ค์ž–์•„."
11:20
And you know what? You're wrong.
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์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ํ‹€๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:22
Because I don't care
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์ „ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋“  ์‹ ๊ฒฝ ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:24
if it's the secretary of HHS
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ "์Œ, ๋‚œ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ์œ ๋ฐฉ์•” ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์˜
11:26
who's saying, "Hmm, I'm not going to take the evidence
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๊ฒ€์‚ฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋“ค์„ ์ฑ„ํƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ์–ด."๋ผ๊ณ 
11:29
of my experts on mammograms,"
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ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณด๊ฑด ๋ณต์ง€๋ถ€์˜ ๋น„์„œ๋“ 
11:31
or some cancer quack who wants to treat his patient
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๋˜๋Š” ํ™˜์ž๋ฅผ ์ปคํ”ผ ๊ด€์žฅ์•ก์œผ๋กœ ์น˜๋ฃŒํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š”
11:34
with coffee enemas.
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์•” ์ „๋ฌธ ๋ŒํŒ”์ด ์˜์‚ฌ๋“ 
11:36
When you start down the road
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๋ฏฟ์Œ๊ณผ ๋งˆ๋ฒ•์ด ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์™€ ๊ณผํ•™์„ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•˜๋Š”
11:38
where belief and magic replace evidence and science,
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์ด ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋ง‰๊ธธ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ฒฐ์ฝ”
11:41
you end up in a place you don't want to be.
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์žˆ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ณณ์— ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:43
You end up in Thabo Mbeki South Africa.
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๋‚จ์•„๊ณต์˜ ํƒ€๋ณด ์Œ๋ฒ ์ผ€๋ผ๋Š” ์˜ˆ์— ๋‹ค๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ฃ .
11:45
He killed 400,000 of his people
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ž๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ 400,000๋ช…์„ ์ฃฝ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:48
by insisting that beetroot,
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๋น„ํŠธ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๋งˆ๋Š˜ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ ˆ๋ชฌ ๊ธฐ๋ฆ„์ด
11:50
garlic and lemon oil
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ํ•ญ๋ ˆํŠธ๋กœ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค[RNA ์ข…์–‘ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค] ์•ฝ๋ณด๋‹ค
11:52
were much more effective than the antiretroviral drugs
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ํ›จ์”ฌ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ง€์š”.
11:54
we know can slow the course of AIDS.
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์ด ์•ฝ์€ ์—์ด์ฆˆ ์ง„ํ–‰์„ ๋Š๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ๋Šฆ์ถœ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ค์กŒ์ฃ .
11:56
Hundreds of thousands of needless deaths
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๊ทธ ์–ด๋Š ๋‚˜๋ผ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ด ์งˆ๋ณ‘์—
11:58
in a country that has been plagued
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋ณธ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ์ˆ˜์ฒœ์˜
12:01
worse than any other by this disease.
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๋ถˆํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ฃฝ์Œ์ด ์ดˆ๋ž˜๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:03
Please, don't tell me
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์ œ๋ฐœ, ์ด ์ผ์— ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€
12:05
there are no consequences to these things.
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์—†๋‹ค๊ณ ๋Š” ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง์•„์ฃผ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
12:07
There are. There always are.
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๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์ง€์š”. ์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:09
Now, the most mindless epidemic
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์ž, ์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋Š”
12:11
we're in the middle of right now
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์•„๋ฌด ์ด์œ  ์—†๋Š” ์œ ํ–‰ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
12:13
is this absurd battle
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์œ ์ „์ž ๋ณ€ํ˜• ์‹ํ’ˆ ์ง€์ง€์ž์™€
12:15
between proponents of genetically engineered food
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์œ ๊ธฐ๋† ์—˜๋ฆฌํŠธ๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์˜
12:18
and the organic elite.
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์šฐ์Šค๊ฝ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์‹ธ์›€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:20
It's an idiotic debate. It has to stop.
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์ด๊ฑด ๋ง๋„ ์•ˆ ๋˜๋Š” ํ† ๋ก ์ด์ฃ . ์ด๋Š” ๋ฉˆ์ถฐ์ ธ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:22
It's a debate about words, about metaphors.
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์ด๊ฑด ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋ง์‹ธ์›€์ด๊ณ  ์ƒ์ง•์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ํ† ๋ก ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:25
It's ideology, it's not science.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด์ƒ(็†ๆƒณ)์ด์ง€ ๊ณผํ•™์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:27
Every single thing we eat, every grain of rice,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋จน๋Š” ์Œ€ ํ•œํ†จ ํ•œํ†จ
12:29
every sprig of parsley,
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ํŒŒ์Šฌ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ž”๊ฐ€์ง€๋“ค,
12:31
every Brussels sprout
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๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฐฉ์šธ๋‹ค๋‹ค๊ธฐ์–‘๋ฐฐ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ „๋ถ€
12:33
has been modified by man.
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์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์†์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ณ€ํ˜•๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:35
You know, there weren't tangerines in the garden of Eden.
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์—๋ด์˜ ๋™์‚ฐ์— ํƒ„์ œ๋ฆฐ[๊ป์งˆ์ด ์ž˜ ๋ฒ—๊ฒจ์ง€๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ์˜ค๋ Œ์ง€]์€ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:37
There wasn't any cantaloupe. (Laughter)
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์–ด๋–ค ์นธํƒˆ๋ฃจํ”„[๊ป์งˆ์€ ๋…น์ƒ‰์— ๊ณผ์œก์€ ์˜ค๋ Œ์ง€์ƒ‰์ธ ๋ฉ”๋ก ]๋„ ์—†์—ˆ์ฃ .
12:39
There weren't Christmas trees. We made it all.
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ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌ๋„ ์—†์—ˆ๊ณ ์š”. ๋‹ค ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“  ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
12:42
We made it over the last 11,000 years.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚œ 11,000๋…„๊ฐ„ ๋งŒ๋“  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:45
And some of it worked, and some of it didn't.
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๊ฐœ์ค‘ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฑด ์„ฑ๊ณตํ–ˆ๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฑด ์‹คํŒจํ–ˆ์ฃ .
12:47
We got rid of the stuff that didn't.
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์‹คํŒจํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†์• ๋ฒ„๋ ธ์ฃ .
12:49
Now we can do it in a more precise way --
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ํ˜„๋Œ€์—” ์ด ์ผ์„ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์ •๋ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
12:51
and there are risks, absolutely --
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—” ์œ„ํ—˜๋ถ€๋‹ด์ด ๋”ฐ๋ฅด์ฃ .
12:53
but we can put something like vitamin A into rice,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผ A๋ฅผ ์Œ€์— ์ง‘์–ด๋„ฃ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:56
and that stuff can help millions of people,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋„์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:59
millions of people, prolong their lives.
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์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ƒ๋ช…์„ ์—ฐ์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
13:02
You don't want to do that?
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์ด๋ฅผ ์›์น˜ ์•Š์œผ์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
13:04
I have to say, I don't understand it.
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์ „ ์ดํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ ๋ฐ–์—๋Š” ํ•  ๋ง์ด ์—†๋„ค์š”.
13:07
We object to genetically engineered food.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์œ ์ „ ๊ณตํ•™ ์‹ํ’ˆ์— ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:09
Why do we do that?
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ, ์™œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
13:11
Well, the things I constantly hear are:
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋Š˜ ๋“ค์–ด์˜จ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:13
Too many chemicals,
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์€ ํ™”ํ•™์•ฝํ’ˆ,
13:15
pesticides, hormones,
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์‚ด์ถฉ์ œ, ํ˜ธ๋ฅด๋ชฌ
13:17
monoculture, we don't want giant fields
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๋‹จ์ผ์žฌ๋ฐฐ, ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žฌ๋ฐฐํ•˜๋Š”
13:19
of the same thing, that's wrong.
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๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐญ์„ ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์ฃ . ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:21
We don't companies patenting life.
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ํŠนํ—ˆ๋ฐ›์€ ์ƒ๋ช…์„ ์›์น˜ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:23
We don't want companies owning seeds.
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ํŠน์ • ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์”จ์•—๋“ค์„ ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๊ธธ ์›์น˜ ์•Š์ฃ .
13:25
And you know what my response to all of that is?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ด๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ €์˜ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
13:27
Yes, you're right. Let's fix it.
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์˜ˆ, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด์„œ ๊ณ ์นฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
13:30
It's true, we've got a huge food problem,
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๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒ ํฌ๋‚˜ํฐ ์‹๋Ÿ‰ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:32
but this isn't science.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๊ฑด ๊ณผํ•™์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:34
This has nothing to do with science.
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์ด๊ฑด ๊ณผํ•™ํ•˜๊ณ ๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด ์ƒ๊ด€์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:36
It's law, it's morality, it's patent stuff.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด, ๋ฒ• ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ณ , ๋„๋• ๋ฌธ์ œ์ด๊ณ . ํŠนํ—ˆ๊ถŒ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:39
You know science isn't a company.
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์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ๊ณผํ•™์€ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:41
It's not a country.
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๊ณผํ•™์€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋„ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:43
It's not even an idea; it's a process.
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๊ณผํ•™์€ ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์–ด๋–ค ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋„ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณผ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:46
It's a process, and sometimes it works and sometimes it doesn't,
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์ด๊ฑด ๊ณผ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋ก  ์ž‘๋™์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋•Œ๋ก  ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ฃ .
13:49
but the idea that we should not allow
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
13:52
science to do its job
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๊ณผํ•™ ๋ณธ์—ฐ์˜ ์ผ์„ ํ—ˆ๋ฝํ•ด์„ 
13:54
because we're afraid,
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์•ˆ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋Š”
13:56
is really very deadening,
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์ •๋ง ๋‹ต์ด ์—†์ฃ .
13:58
and it's preventing millions of people
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์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋ฒˆ์˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜
14:00
from prospering.
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์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ง‰๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
14:02
You know, in the next 50 years
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์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์•ž์œผ๋กœ 50๋…„ ํ›„์—๋Š”
14:04
we're going to have to grow 70 percent more food than we do right now,
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ํ˜„์žฌ๋ณด๋‹ค 70% ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์Œ์‹์„ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:07
70 percent.
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70ํผ์„ผํŠธ์š”.
14:09
This investment in Africa over the last 30 years.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง€๋‚œ 30๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์— ํˆฌ์žํ•œ ์•ก์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:12
Disgraceful. Disgraceful.
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์ˆ˜์น˜์Šค๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์น˜์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œ์š”.
14:14
They need it, and we're not giving it to them.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํˆฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ๋ฐ, ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:16
And why? Genetically engineered food.
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์™œ๋ƒ๊ณ ์š”? ์œ ์ „์ž ๊ณตํ•™ ์Œ์‹ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:19
We don't want to encourage people
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์ฉ์€ ์Œ์‹์„ ๋จน์œผ๋ผ๊ณ 
14:21
to eat that rotten stuff, like cassava for instance.
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ํ•˜์ง„ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์นด์‚ฌ๋ฐ”[๋‚˜์ด์ง€๋ฆฌ์•„์—์„œ ๋งŽ์ด ๋‚˜๋Š” ์‹๋ฌผ] ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑฐ์š”.
14:24
Cassava's something that half a billion people eat.
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์นด์‚ฌ๋ฐ”๋Š” 5์–ต ์ •๋„์˜ ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋จน๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:26
It's kind of like a potato.
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๊ฐ์ž์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ƒ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:28
It's just a bunch of calories. It sucks.
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์นผ๋กœ๋ฆฌ ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณ„๋กœ์ฃ .
14:30
It doesn't have nutrients, it doesn't have protein,
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์˜์–‘๋ถ„๋„ ์—†๊ณ , ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:32
and scientists are engineering
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ณตํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ
14:34
all of that into it right now.
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์˜์–‘๋ถ„, ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ ๋“ฑ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์นด์‚ฌ๋ฐ” ์•ˆ์— ๋„ฃ์œผ๋ ค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:36
And then people would be able to eat it and they'd be able to not go blind.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด, ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์นด์‚ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅผ ๋จน์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ , ๋ˆˆ์ด ๋ฉ€์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. [์นด์‚ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋จน๊ณ  ์‹œ๋ ฅ์„ ์žƒ์€ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Œ]
14:39
They wouldn't starve, and you know what?
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ตถ์ฃผ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:41
That would be nice. It wouldn't be Chez Panisse,
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ผ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์…ฐ ํŒŒ๋‹ˆ์ฆˆ[์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„ ์œ ๋ช… ์Œ์‹์ ] ์ˆ˜์ค€๊นŒ์ง€๋Š”
14:44
but it would be nice.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ์ข‹์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:48
And all I can say about this is:
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์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ง์ด๋ž€
14:50
Why are we fighting it?
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์™œ ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š๋ƒ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:52
I mean, let's ask ourselves: Why are we fighting it?
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์ œ ๋ง์€, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์™œ ์‹ธ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ ?
14:54
Because we don't want to move genes around?
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์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ์œ ์ „์ž๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฆฌ์ €๋ฆฌ ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ๋†“๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์‹ซ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”?
14:56
This is about moving genes around. It's not about chemicals.
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์ด๊ฑด ์œ ์ „์ž๋ฅผ ์›€์ง์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€ ํ™”ํ•™๋ฌผ์งˆ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:59
It's not about our ridiculous passion for hormones,
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์ด๊ฑด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ˜ธ๋ฅด๋ชฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณผํ•œ ์—ด์ •๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ .
15:02
our insistence on having bigger food,
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๋” ํฐ, ๋” ์ข‹์€, ๋” ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚œ ์ด์ƒ์ ์ธ
15:04
better food, singular food.
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์Œ์‹์„ ํ–ฅํ•ด ์ด์–ด์ ธ ์˜จ ์—ด๋ง๋„ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:06
This isn't about Rice Krispies,
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๋ผ์ด์Šค ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šคํ”ผ[์Œ€๋ปฅํŠ€๊ธฐ]์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:08
this is about keeping people alive,
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์ด๊ฑด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š”, ์ƒ์กด์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€์š”.
15:10
and it's about time we started to understand what that meant.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ง„์ • ๋ฌด์–ผ ๋œปํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:13
Because, you know something?
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด, ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
15:15
If we don't, if we continue to act the way we're acting,
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์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์˜จ ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ณ„์†ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
15:18
we're guilty of something that I don't think we want to be guilty of:
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์›์น˜ ์•Š๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์œ ์ฃ„๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:21
high-tech colonialism.
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ํ•˜์ด-ํ…Œํฌ ์‹๋ฏผ์ฃผ์˜.
15:23
There's no other way to describe what's going on here.
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์ด ์™ธ์—๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋„๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:25
It's selfish, it's ugly,
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์ด๋Š” ์ด๊ธฐ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ถ”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:27
it's beneath us,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐ์ค€๋ณด๋‹ค ํ•œ์ฐธ ์•„๋ž˜์— ์žˆ์ฃ .
15:29
and we really have to stop it.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์ง„์ • ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฉˆ์ถฐ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:32
So after this amazingly fun conversation,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ์ด ๋†€๋ž๋„๋ก ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์ด ๋๋‚˜๋ฉด,
15:35
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
15:37
you might want to say, "So, you still want to get in this
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:39
ridiculous time machine and go forward?"
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"๊ทธ๋ž˜, ์•„์ง๋„ ์ด ์šฐ์Šค๊ฝ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ํƒ€์ž„๋จธ์‹ ์„ ํƒ€๊ณ  ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€๊ฐ€?"
15:41
Absolutely. Absolutely, I do.
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๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ, ์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ, ์ „ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:44
It's stuck in the present right now,
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ด ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์— ๊ฐ‡ํ˜€ ์žˆ์ฃ .
15:46
but we have an amazing opportunity.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒ ์•„์ฃผ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ฃ .
15:48
We can set that time machine on anything we want.
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ํƒ€์ž„๋จธ์‹ ์„ ์–ธ์ œ๋กœ๋“ ์ง€ ๋งž์ถฐ ๋†“์„ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ฃ .
15:51
We can move it where we want to move it,
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ณณ ์–ด๋””๋“  ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:53
and we're going to move it where we want to move it.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์›€์ง์ด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ์›€์ง์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:55
We have to have these conversations and we have to think,
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์ด ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:58
but when we get in the time machine and we go ahead,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํƒ€์ž„๋จธ์‹ ์„ ํƒ€๊ณ  ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด
16:01
we're going to be happy we do.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ํ–‰๋ณตํ•ดํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:03
I know that we can,
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:05
and as far as I'm concerned,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š”
16:07
that's something the world needs right now.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์„ธ์ƒ์ด ์ง€๊ธˆ ํ•„์š”๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:10
(Applause)
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:12
Thank you.
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
16:15
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:17
Thank you. Thank you.
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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