A little-told tale of sex and sensuality | Shereen El Feki

311,994 views ใƒป 2014-01-22

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ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Boaz Hovav ืžื‘ืงืจ: coral fr
00:12
So when I was in Morocco,
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ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืžืจื•ืงื•,
00:15
in Casablanca, not so long ago,
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ื‘ืงื–ื‘ืœื ืงื”, ืœื ืžื–ืžืŸ,
00:17
I met a young unmarried mother called Faiza.
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ืคื’ืฉืชื™ ืื ืœื ื ืฉื•ืื” ืฆืขื™ืจื” ื‘ืฉื ืคืื™ื–ื”.
00:22
Faiza showed me photos of her infant son
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ืคืื™ื–ื” ื”ืจืืชื” ืœื™ ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื” ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืง
00:25
and she told me the story of his conception, pregnancy, and delivery.
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ื•ืกื™ืคืจื” ืœื™ ืขืœ ื”ื”ืชืขื‘ืจื•ืช, ื”ื”ื™ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืœื™ื“ื” ืฉืœื•.
00:31
It was a remarkable tale,
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืžื“ื”ื™ื,
00:33
but Faiza saved the best for last.
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ืื‘ืœ ืคืื™ื–ื” ืกื™ืคืจื” ืœื™ ืืช ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืจืง ื‘ืกื•ืฃ.
00:37
"You know, I am a virgin," she told me.
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"ืืช ื™ื•ื“ืขืช, ืื ื™ ื‘ืชื•ืœื”", ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื” ืœื™.
00:40
"I have two medical certificates to prove it."
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"ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืฉืชื™ ืชืขื•ื“ื•ืช ืžืจื•ืคืื™ื ืฉืžืขื™ื“ื•ืช ืฉืื ื™ ื‘ืชื•ืœื”."
00:45
This is the modern Middle East,
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ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™,
00:47
where two millennia after the coming of Christ,
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ืืœืคื™ื™ื ืฉื ื” ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื•ืœื“ืช ื™ืฉื•,
00:50
virgin births are still a fact of life.
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ืœื™ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืœื™ืŸ ื”ืŸ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืงื™ื™ืžืช.
00:54
Faiza's story is just one of hundreds I've heard over the years, traveling across the Arab region
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ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืคืื™ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืจืง ืื—ื“ ืžืžืื•ืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉืฉืžืขืชื™ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื‘ื”ืŸ ืกื™ื™ืจืชื™ ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™
01:00
talking to people about sex.
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ื•ื“ื™ื‘ืจืชื™ ืขื ืื ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ืžื™ืŸ.
01:03
Now, I know this might sound like a dream job,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืื ื™ ืžื ื™ื—ื” ืฉื—ืœืง ืžื›ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื—ืœื•ืžื™ืช,
01:06
or possibly a highly dubious occupation,
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ืื—ืจื™ื ื™ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืงืฆื•ืข ืžืคื•ืงืคืง,
01:10
but for me, it's something else altogether.
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื‘ื•ืจื™, ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื•ื ื” ืœื’ืžืจื™.
01:13
I'm half Egyptian, and I'm Muslim.
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ืื ื™ ื—ืฆื™ ืžืฆืจื™ื”, ื•ืื ื™ ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ืช.
01:16
But I grew up in Canada, far from my Arab roots.
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ืื‘ืœ ื’ื“ืœืชื™ ื‘ืงื ื“ื”, ื”ืจื—ืง ืžืฉื•ืจืฉื™ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื.
01:19
Like so many who straddle East and West,
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ื›ืžื• ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžืขืจื‘ ืขื ืฉื•ืจืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื–ืจื—,
01:22
I've been drawn, over the years, to try to better understand my origins.
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ื ืžืฉื›ืชื™, ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื, ืœื ืกื•ืช ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ืฉื•ืจืฉื™.
01:27
That I chose to look at sex comes from my background in HIV/AIDS,
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ื•ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ื—ืจืชื™ ืœื”ืชืžืงื“ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืžื™ืŸ ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ืžื”ืจืงืข ืฉืœื™ ืขื ืžื—ืœืช ื”ืื™ื™ื“ืก,
01:31
as a writer and a researcher and an activist.
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ื›ืกื•ืคืจืช, ื—ื•ืงืจืช ื•ืคืขื™ืœื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื.
01:35
Sex lies at the heart of an emerging epidemic in the Middle East and North Africa,
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ื™ื—ืกื™ ืžื™ืŸ ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื”ื ื”ื’ื•ืจื ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืœื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ืžื’ืคืช ื”ืื™ื™ื“ืก ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืฆืคื•ืŸ ืืคืจื™ืงื”,
01:40
which is one of only two regions in the world where HIV/AIDS is still on the rise.
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ืฉื”ื ืฉื ื™ ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื‘ื”ื ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžืงืจื™ ื”ื”ื“ื‘ืงื” ื‘ืื™ื™ื“ืก ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืขืœื™ื”.
01:47
Now sexuality is an incredibly powerful lens
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ื—ืงืจ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืกืคืง ื›ืœื™ ืžืขื•ืœื”
01:50
with which to study any society,
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ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื•ื”ื›ืจื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื,
01:53
because what happens in our intimate lives
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ื›ื™ ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื‘ื—ื“ืจื™ ื—ื“ืจื™ื
01:55
is reflected by forces on a bigger stage:
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ืžืฉืœื™ืš ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ืฉื™ืจ ืœื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ื™ื:
01:59
in politics and economics, in religion and tradition, in gender and generations.
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ื‘ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงื” ื•ื‘ื›ืœื›ืœื”, ื‘ื“ืช ื•ื‘ืžืกื•ืจืช, ื‘ืžึดื’ื“ืจ ื•ื‘ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช.
02:05
As I found, if you really want to know a people,
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ื•ืœืžื™ื˜ื‘ ื”ื‘ื ืชื™, ืื ืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืืžืชื™ืช,
02:09
you start by looking inside their bedrooms.
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ื›ื“ืื™ ืฉืชืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื”ืฆืฆื” ืืœ ื—ื“ืจ ื”ืžื™ื˜ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื.
02:13
Now to be sure, the Arab world is vast and varied.
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ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ื‘ื”ื™ืจ, ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ ื”ื•ื ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืžื›ื™ืœ ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ ืขืฆื•ื.
02:17
But running across it are three red lines --
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ืื‘ืœ ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ืœื• ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืงื•ื•ื™ื ืื“ื•ืžื™ื --
02:20
these are topics you are not supposed to challenge in word or deed.
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ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืงื™ื•ืžื ื‘ืžืœืœ ืื• ื‘ืžืขืฉื”.
02:25
The first of these is politics.
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ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงื”.
02:28
But the Arab Spring has changed all that,
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ ืฉื™ื ื” ืืช ื”ืžืฆื‘,
02:30
in uprisings which have blossomed across the region since 2011.
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ื‘ืžื”ื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื”ื—ืœื• ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2011.
02:35
Now while those in power, old and new,
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ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื’ื•ืจืžื™ ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ, ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื ื•ื—ื“ืฉื™ื,
02:38
continue to cling to business as usual,
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ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืœื˜ืขื•ืŸ ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืžืฆื‘,
02:41
millions are still pushing back,
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ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืื‘ืง,
02:43
and pushing forward to what they hope will be a better life.
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ื•ืžื ืกื™ื ืœื”ืชืงื“ื ื•ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื—ื™ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.
02:48
That second red line is religion.
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ื”ืงื• ืื“ื•ื ื”ืฉื ื™ ื”ื•ื ื“ืช.
02:52
But now religion and politics are connected,
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ื™ื•ื ื”ื“ืช ื•ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงื” ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ื–ื” ื‘ื–ื”,
02:54
with the rise of such groups as the Muslim Brotherhood.
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ืขื ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื”ืื—ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ื.
02:58
And some people, at least, are starting to ask questions
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ื•ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืื ืฉื™ื, ืœืคื—ื•ืช, ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืฉืืœื•ืช
03:01
about the role of Islam in public and private life.
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ืกืœื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื.
03:06
You know, as for that third red line, that off-limits subject,
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ื”ืงื• ื”ืื“ื•ื ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™, ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืฉื ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ,
03:10
what do you think it might be?
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ืžื” ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช?
03:12
Audience: Sex.
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ืงื”ืœ: ืžื™ืŸ.
03:13
Shereen El Feki: Louder, I can't hear you.
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ืฉื™ืจื™ืŸ ืืœ ืคืงื™: ื—ื–ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืื ื™ ืœื ืฉื•ืžืขืช ืืชื›ื.
03:14
Audience: Sex.
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ืงื”ืœ: ืžื™ืŸ.
03:15
SEF: Again, please don't be shy.
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ืฉื™ืจื™ืŸ ืืœ ืคืงื™: ืฉื•ื‘, ืืœ ืชืชื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•.
03:17
Audience: Sex.
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ืงื”ืœ: ืžื™ืŸ.
03:18
SEF: Absolutely, that's right, it's sex. (Laughter)
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ืฉื™ืจื™ืŸ ืืœ ืคืงื™: ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง, ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืžืื“, ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืžื™ืŸ. (ืฆื—ื•ืง)
03:25
Across the Arab region, the only accepted context for sex is marriage --
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ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™, ื”ืงึทื‘ึธืœึทื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืžื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืžื•ืกื“ ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ืŸ --
03:31
approved by your parents, sanctioned by religion
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ืื—ืจื™ ืงื‘ืœืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืžื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื, ื‘ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืื ืฉื™ ื”ื“ืช
03:35
and registered by the state.
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ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”.
03:37
Marriage is your ticket to adulthood.
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ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ื ื”ื ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืœื‘ื’ืจื•ืช.
03:40
If you don't tie the knot, you can't move out of your parents' place,
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ืื ืœื ืžืชื—ืชื ื™ื, ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื,
03:44
and you're not supposed to be having sex,
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ื•ืœื ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœืงื™ื™ื ื™ื—ืกื™ ืžื™ืŸ,
03:46
and you're definitely not supposed to be having children.
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ื•ื‘ื˜ื— ืฉืœื ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื.
03:49
It's a social citadel; it's an impregnable fortress
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ื–ื• ืžื•ืกื›ืžื” ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ืžื‘ื•ืฆืจืช, ืžืžืฉ ืžื‘ืฆืจ ื‘ืœืชื™ ื—ื“ื™ืจ
03:53
which resists any assault, any alternative.
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ืฉืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืชืงืคื”, ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™.
03:57
And around the fortress is this vast field of taboo
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ื•ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืžื•ืกื›ืžื” ื”ืžื‘ื•ืฆืจืช ื”ื–ื• ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ื•ื—ืจืžื•ืช
04:01
against premarital sex, against condoms,
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ื”ืื•ืกืจื™ื ืขืœ ืงื™ื•ื ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ืŸ, ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืงื•ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื,
04:06
against abortion, against homosexuality,
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ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ืคืœื•ืช, ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ื•ืžื•ืกืงืกื•ืืœื™ื•ืช,
04:09
you name it.
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ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืชืจืฆื•.
04:11
Faiza was living proof of this.
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ืคืื™ื–ื” ื”ื™ื ืขื“ื•ืช ื—ื™ื” ืœืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื•.
04:14
Her virginity statement was not a piece of wishful thinking.
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ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ ื”ื‘ืชื•ืœื™ืŸ ืฉืœื” ื”ื ืœื ืจืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœืฉืื™ืคื•ืช ืฉืœื”.
04:19
Although the major religions of the region extoll premarital chastity,
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื“ืชื•ืช ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ืžื”ืœืœื•ืช ืืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืฆื ื™ืขื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ืŸ,
04:24
in a patriarchy, boys will be boys.
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ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื ืฉืœื˜ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื, ื‘ื ื™ื ืžืชื ื”ื’ื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืœื ืื—ืจืื™ืช.
04:27
Men have sex before marriage,
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ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ืŸ,
04:29
and people more or less turn a blind eye.
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ื•ื›ื•ืœื ืžืขืœื™ืžื™ื ืขื™ืŸ ืžื”ืชื•ืคืขื”.
04:33
Not so for women,
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ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื›ืœืคื™ ื ืฉื™ื,
04:35
who are expected to be virgins on their wedding night --
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ืžื”ืŸ ืžืฆืคื™ื ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื‘ืชื•ืœื™ื”ืŸ ืขื“ ืœื™ืœ ื”ื›ืœื•ืœื•ืช --
04:38
that is, to turn up with your hymen intact.
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืขื ืงืจื•ื ื‘ืชื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœื.
04:43
This is not a question of individual concern,
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ืœื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื“ืื’ื” ืื™ืฉื™ืช,
04:46
this is a matter of family honor, and in particular, men's honor.
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ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ, ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื”.
04:51
And so women and their relatives
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ื›ืš ืฉื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœื”ืŸ
04:53
will go to great lengths to preserve this tiny piece of anatomy --
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ื™ืขืฉื• ื”ื›ืœ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ืื•ืชื” ืคื™ืกืช ืจืงืžื” --
04:58
from female genital mutilation,
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ื”ื—ืœ ื‘ืžื™ืœืช ื ืฉื™ื,
05:00
to virginity testing, to hymen repair surgery.
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ื“ืจืš ืžื‘ื“ืงื™ ื‘ืชื•ืœื™ืŸ, ื•ืขื“ ื ื™ืชื•ื—ื™ื ืœืื™ื—ื•ื™ ืงืจื•ื ื”ื‘ืชื•ืœื™ืŸ.
05:04
Faiza chose a different route:
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ืคืื™ื–ื” ื‘ื—ืจื” ื‘ื’ื™ืฉื” ืฉื•ื ื”:
05:07
non-vaginal sex.
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ืžื™ืŸ ืœื ื ืจืชื™ืงื™.
05:10
Only she became pregnant all the same.
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืžืจื•ืช ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื ื ื›ื ืกื” ืœื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ.
05:12
But Faiza didn't actually realize this,
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ืื‘ืœ ืคืื™ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื” ืฉื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืงืจื”,
05:15
because there's so little sexuality education in schools,
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ืžืขื˜ ื•ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืžื™ื ื™ ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ,
05:19
and so little communication in the family.
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ื•ืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”.
05:23
When her condition became hard to hide,
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ื›ืฉื”ื™ื” ืงืฉื” ืœื”ืกืชื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ,
05:25
Faiza's mother helped her flee her father and brothers.
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ืืžื” ืฉืœ ืคืื™ื–ื” ืขื–ืจื” ืœื” ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืžืื‘ื™ื” ื•ืื—ื™ื™ื”.
05:30
This is because honor killings are a real threat
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืจืฆื— ืขืœ ืจืงืข ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื”ื•ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืื™ื•ืžื”
05:33
for untold numbers of women in the Arab region.
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ืœืžืกืคืจ ืœื ื™ื“ื•ืข ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™.
05:37
And so when Faiza eventually fetched up at a hospital in Casablanca,
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ื•ื›ืฉืคืื™ื–ื” ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืงื–ื‘ืœื ืงื”,
05:42
the man who offered to help her,
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ื”ืื“ื ืฉื”ืฆื™ืข ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื”,
05:44
instead tried to rape her.
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ื ื™ืกื” ืœืื ื•ืก ืื•ืชื”.
05:50
Sadly, Faiza is not alone.
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ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืฆืขืจ, ืคืื™ื–ื” ืื™ื ื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื”.
05:53
In Egypt, where my research is focused,
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ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื, ืฉื ื‘ื™ืฆืขืชื™ ืืช ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ืฉืœื™,
05:55
I have seen plenty of trouble in and out of the citadel.
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ืจืื™ืชื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื’ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื•ื’ื ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืžืฆื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื™ืŸ.
06:00
There are legions of young men
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ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื
06:04
who can't afford to get married,
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ืฉืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืขืฆืžื ืœื”ืชื—ืชืŸ ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช,
06:06
because marriage has become a very expensive proposition.
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ื›ื™ ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ืœื” ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื›ืกืฃ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื•.
06:09
They are expected to bear the burden of costs in married life,
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ื•ืžืฆื•ืคื” ืžื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืฉืืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ืŸ,
06:13
but they can't find jobs.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
06:15
This is one of the major drivers of the recent uprisings,
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ื–ื• ืื—ืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืชืงื•ืžืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืงืจื• ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”,
06:18
and it is one of the reasons for the rising age of marriage
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ื•ื–ื• ืื—ืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืขืœื™ื™ื” ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ืŸ
06:21
in much of the Arab region.
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ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ื ืจื—ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™.
06:24
There are career women who want to get married,
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ื™ืฉ ื ืฉื•ืช ืงืจื™ื™ืจื” ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืช ืœื”ืชื—ืชืŸ,
06:27
but can't find a husband,
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ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืžื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ืขืœ,
06:29
because they defy gender expectations,
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ื›ื™ ื”ืŸ ืžืคืจื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื’ื“ืจื™ื•ืช,
06:32
or as one young female doctor in Tunisia put it to me,
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ืื• ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืžื” ืœื™ ืจื•ืคืื” ืฆืขื™ืจื” ืžืชื•ื ื™ืกื™ื”,
06:36
"The women, they are becoming more and more open.
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"ื”ื ืฉื™ื, ื”ืŸ ื”ื•ืœื›ื•ืช ื•ื ืคืชื—ื•ืช ืœืขื•ืœื.
06:38
But the man, he is still at the prehistoric stage."
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื, ื ืฉืืจื™ื ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืคืจื” ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™."
06:44
And then there are men and women who cross the heterosexual line,
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ื•ื™ืฉ ื’ื ืืช ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืฉื—ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ืงื• ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ื”ื˜ืจื•ืกืงืกื•ืืœื™,
06:48
who have sex with their own sex,
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ืฉืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื™ื—ืกื™ ืžื™ืŸ ืขื ื‘ื ื™ ืื• ื‘ื ื•ืช ืžื™ื ื,
06:50
or who have a different gender identity.
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ืื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื–ื”ื•ืช ืžื’ื“ืจื™ืช ืฉื•ื ื”.
06:53
They are on the receiving end of laws which punish their activities,
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ื”ื ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžื ื—ืช ื–ืจื•ืขื ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืงื™ื ืฉืžืขื ื™ืฉื™ื ืืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื,
06:57
even their appearance.
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ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืืช ื”ื”ื•ืคืขื” ืฉืœื”ื.
06:59
And they face a daily struggle with social stigma,
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ื•ื”ื ื—ืฉื•ืคื™ื ืœืžืื‘ืง ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™ ืขื ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืžืคืœื•ืช,
07:03
with family despair,
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ืขื ื™ืื•ืฉ ืžืฆื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”,
07:05
and with religious fire and brimstone.
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ื•ืขื ืืฉ ื•ื’ืคืจื™ืช ืžืฆื“ ืื ืฉื™ ื”ื“ืช.
07:09
Now, it's not as if it's all rosy in the marital bed either.
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ื•ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื ื”ื›ื•ืœ ื•ืจื•ื“ ื’ื ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ืŸ.
07:13
Couples who are looking for greater happiness,
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ื–ื•ื’ื•ืช ืžื™ื™ื—ืœื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ื ืื•ืฉืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ,
07:15
greater sexual happiness in their married lives,
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ืื•ืฉืจ ืžื™ื ื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ืŸ,
07:18
but are at a loss of how to achieve it,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื™ื ื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ื–ืืช,
07:20
especially wives, who are afraid of being seen as bad women
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ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื ืฉื™ื, ืฉืžืคื—ื“ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ืจืื•ืช ื›ื ืฉื™ื ืจืขื•ืช
07:25
if they show some spark in the bedroom.
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ืื ื”ืŸ ื™ืจืื• ื ื™ืฆื•ืฅ ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ื”ืžื™ื˜ื•ืช.
07:28
And then there are those whose marriages
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ื•ื™ืฉ ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืฉื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ื”ืŸ
07:30
are actually a veil for prostitution.
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ื”ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ืœืžื›ื™ืจื” ืœื–ื ื•ืช.
07:33
They have been sold by their families,
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ื”ืŸ ื ืžื›ืจื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ,
07:35
often to wealthy Arab tourists.
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ืœืชื™ื™ืจื™ื ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืงืจื™ื.
07:38
This is just one face of a booming sex trade across the Arab region.
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ื–ื”ื• ืจืง ืฆื“ ืื—ื“ ืฉืœ ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉื’ืฉื’ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™.
07:44
Now raise your hand if any of this is sounding familiar to you,
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ืชืจื™ืžื• ืืช ื”ื™ื“ ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืื ืฉืžืขืชื ืื™ ืคืขื ืขืœ ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ืืœื•,
07:48
from your part of the world.
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ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื‘ื• ืืชื ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
07:52
Yeah. It's not as if the Arab world has a monopoly on sexual hangups.
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ื›ืŸ. ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืžื•ื ื•ืคื•ืœ ืขืœ ืขื›ื‘ื•ืช ืžื™ื ื™ื•ืช.
07:58
And although we don't yet have an Arab Kinsey Report
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ื•ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื—ื™ื™ ื”ืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื ื—ืงืจื• (ื›ืžื• ื“ื•"ื— ืงื™ื ืกื™ ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘)
08:01
to tell us exactly what's happening inside bedrooms across the Arab region,
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ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืกืคืจ ืœื ื• ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื” ืงื•ืจื” ื‘ื—ื“ืจื™ ื”ืžื™ื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™,
08:05
It's pretty clear that something is not right.
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ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ื”ื ืื™ื ื• ืžืชื ื”ืœ ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
08:09
Double standards for men and women,
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ืืžื•ืช ืžื•ืกืจ ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื,
08:12
sex as a source of shame,
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ืžื™ืŸ ื›ืžืงื•ืจ ืœื‘ื•ึผืฉื”,
08:15
family control limiting individual choices,
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ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืขืœ ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืื“ื ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ,
08:19
and a vast gulf between appearance and reality:
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ื•ื”ืชื”ื•ื ื”ืคืขื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื“ืžื™ืช ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช:
08:23
what people are doing
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืฉืขื•ืฉื™ื ืื ืฉื™ื
08:25
and what they're willing to admit to,
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ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืฉื”ื ื™ื•ื“ื• ืฉื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื,
08:27
and a general reluctance to move beyond private whispers
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ื•ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœืžื” ืฉื ืœื—ืฉ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืคืจื˜ื™
08:31
to a serious and sustained public discussion.
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ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœื ื•ืฉื ืœื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ ืจืฆื™ื ื™.
08:35
As one doctor in Cairo summed it up for me,
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ื›ืคื™ ืฉืจื•ืคื ืžืงื”ื™ืจ ืกื™ื›ื ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื ืขื‘ื•ืจื™,
08:39
"Here, sex is the opposite of sport.
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"ืืฆืœื ื•, ื™ื—ืกื™ ืžื™ืŸ ื”ื ื”ื”ืคืš ืžืกืคื•ืจื˜.
08:42
Football, everybody talks about it,
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ื›ื“ื•ืจื’ืœ, ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืฉื™ื—ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื•ืœื,
08:44
but hardly anyone plays.
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ืื‘ืœ ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ืžืฉื—ืง.
08:46
But sex, everybody is doing it,
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื™ืŸ, ื›ื•ืœื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื–ื”,
08:48
but nobody wants to talk about it." (Laughter)
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ืื‘ืœ ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื–ื”." (ืฆื—ื•ืง)
08:52
(Music) (In Arabic)
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(ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื” ื•ืžืœืœ ื‘ืขืจื‘ื™ืช)
09:03
SEF: I want to give you a piece of advice,
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ืฉื™ืจื™ืŸ ืืœ ืคืงื™: ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœืชืช ืœื›ื ืขืฆื”,
09:06
which if you follow it, will make you happy in life.
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ืฉืื ืชืงื‘ืœื• ืื•ืชื”, ืชื’ืจื•ื ืœื›ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืื•ืฉืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.
09:10
When your husband reaches out to you,
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ื›ืฉื”ื‘ืขืœ ืฉืœืš ืฉื•ืœื— ืืœื™ืš ืืช ื™ื“ื•,
09:12
when he seizes a part of your body,
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ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืื•ื—ื– ื‘ื—ืœืง ื›ืœืฉื”ื• ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืคืš,
09:15
sigh deeply and look at him lustily.
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ืชืื ื—ื™ ืื ื—ื” ืขืžื•ืงื” ื•ืชื‘ื™ื˜ื™ ื‘ื• ื‘ืชืฉื•ืงื”.
09:18
When he penetrates you with his penis,
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ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื•ื“ืจ ืืœื™ืš ืขื ื”ืคื™ืŸ ืฉืœื•,
09:21
try to talk flirtatiously and move yourself in harmony with him.
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ื ืกื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืืชื• ื‘ืฉืคื” ืžืคืชื” ื•ืชื ื™ืขื™ ืืช ื’ื•ืคืš ืขื ื’ื•ืคื•.
09:26
Hot stuff!
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ืžื™ืœื™ื ืœื•ื”ื˜ื•ืช!
09:27
And it might sound that these handy hints
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ืื•ืœื™ ื ืฉืžืข ืœื›ื ืฉื”ืขืฆื•ืช ื”ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช ืฉื ืชืชื™
09:29
come from "The Joy of Sex" or YouPorn.
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ืžื’ื™ืขื•ืช ืžื”ืกืคืจ "ื—ื“ื•ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืŸ" ืื• ืžืืชืจ ืคื•ืจื ื•.
09:33
But in fact, they come from a 10th-century Arabic book
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ืŸ ืžื’ื™ืขื•ืช ืžืกืคืจ ืขืจื‘ื™ ืžื”ืžืื” ื”- 10 ืœืกืคื™ืจื”
09:36
called "The Encyclopedia of Pleasure,"
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ืฉื ืงืจื "ื”ืื ืฆื™ืงืœื•ืคื“ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื ื’,"
09:39
which covers sex from aphrodisiacs to zoophilia,
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ืฉืžื›ืกื” ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืžืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืžื™ืŸ ืžืžืื›ืœื™ื ืžืขื•ืจืจื™ ืชืฉื•ืงื” ืœืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื,
09:43
and everything in between.
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ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ื ื.
09:46
The Encyclopedia is just one in a long line of Arabic erotica,
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ื”ืื ืฆื™ืงืœื•ืคื“ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืจืง ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืื—ืช ืœืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืืจื•ื˜ื™ืช ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช,
09:50
much of it written by religious scholars.
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ืฉืจื•ื‘ื” ื ื›ืชื‘ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืžืชื—ื•ื ื”ื“ืช.
09:53
Going right back to the Prophet Muhammad,
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ื”ื—ืœ ื‘ื ื‘ื™ื ืžื•ื—ืžื“
09:56
there is a rich tradition in Islam
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ื™ืฉ ืžืกื•ืจืช ืืกืœืืžื™ืช ืขืฉื™ืจื”
09:58
of talking frankly about sex:
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ืฉืœ ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืฉืคื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืื•ื“ื•ืช ืžื™ืŸ:
10:01
not just its problems, but also its pleasures,
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ืœื ืจืง ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช, ืืœื ื’ื ืขืœ ื”ื”ื ืื•ืช,
10:04
and not just for men, but also for women.
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ื•ืœื ืจืง ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื, ืืœื ื’ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื ืฉื™ื.
10:08
A thousand years ago, we used to have whole dictionaries of sex in Arabic.
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ืœืคื ื™ ืืœืฃ ืฉื ื”, ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• ืžื™ืœื•ื ื™ื ืื•ื“ื•ืช ืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉืคื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช.
10:14
Words to cover every conceivable sexual feature,
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ืขื ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉืชื™ืืจื• ื›ืœ ืžื•ืฉื’ ืžื™ื ื™ ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ,
10:18
position and preference, a body of language
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ืชื ื•ื—ื•ืช ื•ื”ืขื“ืคื•ืช, ืฉืคื” ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจืช
10:22
that was rich enough to make up the body of the woman you see on this page.
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ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืขืฉื™ืจื” ืžืกืคื™ืง ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืชืืจ ืืช ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืื™ืฉื” ืฉืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ื“ืฃ ื”ืกืคืจ.
10:29
Today, this history is largely unknown in the Arab region.
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ื›ื™ื•ื, ื”ืžื•ืจืฉืช ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ืจื™ืช ื”ื–ื• ืœื ืžื•ื›ืจืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™.
10:32
Even by educated people, who often feel more comfortable talking about sex
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ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืœื•ืžื“ื™ื, ืฉื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœืœื™ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื ื•ื— ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืžื™ืŸ
10:37
in a foreign language than they do in their own tongue.
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ื‘ืฉืคื” ื–ืจื” ื•ืœื ื‘ืฉืคืชื ืฉืœื”ื.
10:42
Today's sexual landscape looks a lot like Europe and America
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ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ืขืจื‘ ื“ื•ืžื” ื›ื™ื•ื ืžืื“ ืœืื™ืจื•ืคื” ื•ืืžืจื™ืงื”
10:46
on the brink of the sexual revolution.
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ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืงื“ืžื” ืœืžื”ืคื›ื” ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืช.
10:48
But while the West has opened on sex,
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ืืš ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ืžืขืจื‘ ื ืคืชื— ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืžื™ืŸ,
10:51
what we found is that Arab societies appear to have been moving in the opposite direction.
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ื”ืžื’ืžื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ ื ืขื” ื‘ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื”ืคื•ืš.
10:58
In Egypt and many of its neighbors,
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ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื‘ืจื‘ื•ืช ืžืฉื›ื ื•ืชื™ื”,
11:00
this closing down is part of a wider closing
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ื”ื”ืกืชื’ืจื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืžื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืกืชื’ืจื•ืช ืžื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ืช ืจื—ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ
11:03
in political, social and cultural thought.
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ื‘ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงื”, ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ืช.
11:07
And it is the product of a complex historical process,
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ื•ื–ื”ื• ื”ืชื•ืฆืจ ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ืžืกื•ื‘ืš,
11:11
one which has gained ground with the rise of Islamic conservatism
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ืฉื”ื•ืœืš ื•ืžืชืคืฉื˜ ืขื ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืืกืœื ื”ืฉืžืจื ื™
11:15
since the late 1970s.
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ืžืื– ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื ื•ืช ื”- 70.
11:18
"Just say no" is what conservatives around the world
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"ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืืžืจื• ืœื" ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืฉืžืจื ื™ื ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื
11:21
say to any challenge to the sexual status quo.
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ืœื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืžื ืกื” ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืžื™ืŸ.
11:26
In the Arab region, they brand these attempts as a Western conspiracy
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ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™, ืžืชื™ื™ื’ื™ื ืืช ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืช ื›ื—ืœืง ืžืงื ื•ื ื™ื” ืžืขืจื‘ื™ืช
11:30
to undermine traditional Arab and Islamic values.
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ืฉืžื˜ืจืชื” ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฉ ืืช ื›ื•ื— ื”ืžืกื•ืจืช ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื•ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ืืกืœืื.
11:34
But what's really at stake here
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืืžืชื™ ืฉืžืชืจื—ืฉ
11:36
is one of their most powerful tools of control:
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ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ื›ืœื™ ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื‘ืขืœ ื›ื•ื— ืขืฆื•ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืฉืžืจื ื™ื:
11:40
sex wrapped up in religion.
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ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืžื™ืŸ ื•ื“ืช.
11:44
But history shows us that even as recently
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืจืื” ืœื ื• ืฉื’ื ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื”
11:48
as our fathers' and grandfathers' day,
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ื‘ื™ืžื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ืกื‘ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•,
11:51
there have been times of greater pragmatism,
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ื”ื™ื• ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ื’ื™ืฉื” ืžืขืฉื™ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ,
11:53
and tolerance, and a willingness to consider other interpretations:
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ื•ืกื•ื‘ืœื ื•ืช, ื•ืคืชื™ื—ื•ืช ืœืคืจืฉื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช:
11:59
be it abortion, or masturbation, or even the incendiary topic of homosexuality.
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืคืœื•ืช, ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืื•ื ื ื•ืช, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื—ื ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืžื•ืกืงืกื•ืืœื™ื•ืช.
12:06
It is not black and white, as conservatives would have us believe.
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ืœื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื—ื•ืจ ืœื‘ืŸ, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ืฉืžืจื ื™ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืฉื ืืžื™ืŸ.
12:11
In these, as in so many other matters,
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ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืืœื•, ื›ืžื• ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื,
12:14
Islam offers us at least 50 shades of gray.
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ื”ืืกืœืื ืžืฆื™ืข ืœื ื• ืœืคื—ื•ืช 50 ื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืืคื•ืจ.
12:17
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
12:20
Over my travels,
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ื‘ืžืกืขื•ืชื™ื™,
12:21
I've met men and women across the Arab region
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ืคื’ืฉืชื™ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™
12:24
who've been exploring that spectrum --
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ืฉื—ืงืจื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื˜ื•ื•ื— --
12:27
sexologists who are trying to help couples
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ืกืงืกื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื ืฉืžื ืกื™ื ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœื–ื•ื’ื•ืช
12:29
find greater happiness in their marriages,
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ืœืžืฆื•ื ืื•ืฉืจ ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ื”ื,
12:33
innovators who are managing to get sexuality education into schools,
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ืžื—ื ื›ื™ื ืฉืžื ืกื™ื ืœืืคืฉืจ ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืžื™ื ื™ ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ,
12:39
small groups of men and women,
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ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื’ื‘ืจื™ื,
12:41
lesbian, gay, transgendered, transsexual,
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ืœืกื‘ื™ื•ืช, ื”ื•ืžื•ืื™ื, ื˜ืจื ืก-ื’'ื ื“ืจื™ื, ื˜ืจื ืก-ืกืงืกื•ืืœื™ื,
12:44
who are reaching out to their peers
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ืฉืžื ืกื™ื ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœื—ื‘ืจื™ื™ื”ื
12:46
with online initiatives and real-world support.
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ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื™ื•ื–ืžื•ืช ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ืื• ื‘ืชืžื™ื›ื” ืื™ืฉื™ืช.
12:50
Women, and increasingly men, who are starting to speak out
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ื ืฉื™ื, ื•ื’ื ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ื’ื“ืœ, ืฉืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืคื•ืžื‘ื™
12:54
and push back against sexual violence
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ื•ืœื”ืชื ื’ื“ ืœืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืช
12:57
on the streets and in the home.
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ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ืช.
13:01
Groups that are trying to help sex workers protect themselves against HIV
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ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืฉืžื ืกื•ืช ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืžื™ืŸ ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžืŸ ื‘ืคื ื™ ืžื—ืœืช ื”ืื™ื™ื“ืก
13:06
and other occupational hazards,
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ื•ืฉืืจ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืงืฆื•ืข,
13:08
and NGOs that are helping unwed mothers like Faiza
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ื•ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืœื ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ืฉืžืกื™ื™ืขื™ื ืœืื™ืžื”ื•ืช ืœื ื ืฉื•ืื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืคืื™ื–ื”
13:12
find a place in society, and critically, stay with their kids.
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ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ืžืงื•ืžืŸ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื•ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื›ืš, ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืขื ื™ืœื“ื™ื”ืŸ.
13:18
Now these efforts are small, they're often underfunded,
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ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืžืชืจื—ืฉื™ื ื‘ืงื ื” ืžื™ื“ื” ืงื˜ืŸ, ืœืจื•ื‘ ืœืœื ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ,
13:22
and they face formidable opposition.
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ื•ื”ื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืžื•ืœ ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ืื™ืžืชื ื™ืช.
13:25
But I am optimistic that, in the long run,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ืช, ื•ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืืจื•ืš,
13:28
times are changing, and they and their ideas
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ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื™ืœืš ื•ื™ืฉืชื ื”, ื•ื”ื, ื•ื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื
13:32
will gain ground.
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ื™ืœื›ื• ื•ื™ืชื‘ืกืกื•.
13:34
Social change doesn't happen in the Arab region through dramatic confrontation,
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ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ืœื ืžืชืจื—ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ืขื™ืžื•ืชื™ื ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ื™ื,
13:39
beating or indeed baring of breasts,
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ื‘ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ืื• ื‘ื—ืฉื™ืคืช ืฉื“ื™ื™ื,
13:43
but rather through negotiation.
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ืืœื ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ.
13:45
What we're talking here is not about a sexual revolution,
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ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืฉื™ื—ื” ืฉืœื ื• ืื™ื ื• ืžื”ืคื›ื” ืžื™ื ื™ืช,
13:49
but a sexual evolution, learning from other parts of the world,
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ืืœื ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื•ืช, ืชื•ืš ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืžืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื,
13:53
adapting to local conditions,
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ื•ื”ืชืืžื” ืœืชื ืื™ื ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื,
13:56
forging our own path, not following one blazed by another.
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ืชื•ืš ืกืœื™ืœืช ื“ืจืš ืขืฆืžืื™ืช, ื•ืœื ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉื”ืชื•ื• ืื—ืจื™ื.
14:02
That path, I hope, will one day lead us to the right to control our own bodies,
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ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื–ื•, ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื”, ืชื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืื•ืชื ื• ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ืขืœ ื’ื•ืคื ื•,
14:08
and to access the information and services we need
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ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœืžื™ื“ืข ื•ืœืฉืจื•ืชื™ื ืœื”ื ืื ื• ื ื–ืงืงื™ื
14:11
to lead satisfying and safe sexual lives.
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ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืงื™ื™ื ื—ื™ื™ ืžื™ืŸ ืžื”ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื.
14:16
The right to express our ideas freely,
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ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ืข ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื• ื‘ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ื•ืช,
14:18
to marry whom we choose, to choose our own partners,
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ืœื”ื™ื ืฉื ืœืžื™ ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจ, ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืืช ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื• ืœื—ื™ื™ื,
14:23
to be sexually active or not, to decide whether to have children and when,
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ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืคืขื™ืœื™ื ืžื™ื ื™ืช ืื• ืœื, ืœื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื, ื•ืžืชื™,
14:28
all this without violence or force or discrimination.
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ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืœืœื ืืœื™ืžื•ืช, ืื• ื›ื•ื— ืื• ืืคืœื™ื”.
14:34
Now we are very far from this across the Arab region,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื—ื•ืงื™ื ืžืื“ ืžื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืจืฆื•ื™ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™
14:37
and so much needs to change:
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ื•ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชื ื•ืช:
14:41
law, education, media, the economy,
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ื—ื•ืง, ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช, ื›ืœื›ืœื”,
14:44
the list goes on and on,
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ื”ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืืจื•ื›ื” ืžืื“,
14:47
and it is the work of a generation, at least.
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ื•ื–ื• ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืชื™ืžืฉืš ื“ื•ืจ ืฉืœื, ืœืคื—ื•ืช.
14:52
But it begins with a journey that I myself have made,
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ืžืกืข ืฉืขืฉื™ืชื™ ื‘ืขืฆืžื™,
14:55
asking hard questions of received wisdoms
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ืฉืœ ืฉืื™ืœืช ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืืชื’ืจื•ืช ืืช ื”ื™ื“ืข ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ
14:58
in sexual life.
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ ื”ืžื™ืŸ.
15:00
And it is a journey which has only served to strengthen my faith,
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ื•ื–ื”ื• ืžืกืข ืฉืกื™ื™ืข ืœื™ ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ืืžื•ื ืชื™,
15:04
and my appreciation of local histories and cultures
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ื•ืืช ื”ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ื›ืฉืช ืœืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช
15:08
by showing me possibilities where I once only saw absolutes.
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ืฉื”ืฆื™ื’ื• ื‘ืคื ื™ ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืฉืคืขื ืจืื™ืชื™ ืจืง ืืžืช ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช.
15:13
Now given the turmoil in many countries in the Arab region,
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ื›ื™ื•ื, ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžื”ื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™,
15:17
talking about sex, challenging the taboos,
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ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืื•ื“ื•ืช ืžื™ืŸ, ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื™ื’ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื,
15:20
seeking alternatives might sound like something of a luxury.
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ื•ื”ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ ืื—ืจ ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื—ืœื™ืคื™ื™ื, ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืฉืžืข ื›ืžื• ืžื•ืชืจืช.
15:25
But at this critical moment in history,
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ืื•ืœื ื‘ืจื’ืข ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื–ื” ื‘ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื”,
15:28
if we do not anchor freedom and justice,
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ืื ืœื ื ืขื’ืŸ ืืช ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื•ื”ืฆื“ืง ืฉืœื ื•,
15:32
dignity and equality,
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ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื•ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ,
15:34
privacy and autonomy in our personal lives, in our sexual lives,
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ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ื•ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ, ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื, ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ื”ืžื™ืŸ ืฉืœื ื•,
15:39
we will find it very hard to achieve in public life.
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ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ืงืฉื” ืžืื“ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื.
15:44
The political and the sexual are intimate bedfellows, and that is true for us all.
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ื”ืžื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ ื•ื”ืžื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื™ื ื˜ื™ืžื™ ื–ื” ืœื–ื”, ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื›ื•ืœื ื•.
15:50
no matter where we live and love.
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ืœื ืžืฉื ื” ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืื ื• ื’ืจื™ื ื•ืืช ืžื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื.
15:54
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
15:55
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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