Katherine Fulton: You are the future of philanthropy

17,348 views ใƒป 2009-06-26

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Shlomo Adam ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:18
I want to help you re-perceive what philanthropy is,
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ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื™ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœื›ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ื ื“ื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืจ ื—ื“ืฉ,
00:22
what it could be,
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ืžื” ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช,
00:24
and what your relationship to it is.
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ื•ืžื”ื• ื™ื—ืกื›ื ืืœื™ื”.
00:26
And in doing that, I want to offer you a vision,
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ื•ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ื›ืš, ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ืœื›ื ื—ื–ื•ืŸ,
00:29
an imagined future, if you will,
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ืขืชื™ื“ ื“ืžื™ื•ื ื™, ืื ืชืจืฆื•,
00:32
of how, as the poet Seamus Heaney has put it,
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ืฉื›ืคื™ ืฉื ื™ืกื— ื–ืืช ื”ืžืฉื•ืจืจ ืฉืืžื•ืก ื”ื™ื™ื ื™,
00:36
"Once in a lifetime
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"ืคืขื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื,
00:38
the longed-for tidal wave of justice can rise up,
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ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื’ืื•ืช ื’ืœ ื”ืฆื“ืง ื”ื ื›ืกืฃ,
00:42
and hope and history rhyme."
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ื•ื™ืชื—ืจื–ื• ื–ื• ื‘ื–ื• ื”ืชืงื•ื•ื” ื•ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื”."
00:46
I want to start with these word pairs here.
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ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื™ ืœืคืชื•ื— ื‘ื–ื•ื’ื•ืช ืžืœื™ื ืืœื”.
00:50
We all know which side of these we'd like to be on.
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ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ืฆื“ ืฉืœ ืืœื” ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื ื• ืœื”ื™ืžืฆื.
00:54
When philanthropy was reinvented a century ago,
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ื›ืฉื”ื•ืžืฆืื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื”ื ื“ื‘ื ื•ืช, ืœืคื ื™ ืžืื” ืฉื ื™ื,
00:57
when the foundation form was actually invented,
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ื›ืฉื”ื•ืžืฆืื” ื‘ืขืฆื ืฆื•ืจืชื” ื”ืžืžืกื“ื™ืช,
01:00
they didn't think of themselves on the wrong side of these either.
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ื”ื ืœื ืจืื• ืขืฆืžื ื‘ืฆื“ ื”ืœื-ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
01:04
In fact they would never have thought of themselves
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ื ืœื ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื
01:06
as closed and set in their ways,
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ื›ืกื’ื•ืจื™ื ื•ืžืงื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื‘ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืชื,
01:09
as slow to respond to new challenges,
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ืื™ื˜ื™ื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ื‘ ืœืืชื’ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื,
01:11
as small and risk-averse.
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ื•ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ืกื•ืœื“ื™ื ืžืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื.
01:13
And in fact they weren't. They were reinventing charity in those times,
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ื•ื”ื ืื›ืŸ ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื›ืืœื”. ื”ื ื”ืžืฆื™ืื• ืื– ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ืฆื“ืงื”,
01:16
what Rockefeller called "the business of benevolence."
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ืžื” ืฉืจื•ืงืคืœืจ ื›ื™ื ื” "ืขื™ืกืงื™ ื˜ื•ื‘-ื”ืœื‘".
01:19
But by the end of the 20th century,
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ืืš ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืžืื” ื”-20,
01:21
a new generation of critics and reformers
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ื“ื•ืจ ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ื•ืžืชืงื ื™ื
01:24
had come to see philanthropy just this way.
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ื”ื—ืœ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืš ืืช ื”ื ื“ื‘ื ื•ืช.
01:28
The thing to watch for
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ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชื›ื•ื ืŸ ืœืงืจืืชื•
01:30
as a global philanthropy industry comes about --
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ืขื ื”ื™ื•ื•ืฆืจื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื ื“ื‘ื ื•ืช ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช,
01:32
and that's exactly what is happening --
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ื•ื–ื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ืขื›ืฉื™ื•,
01:35
is how the aspiration is to flip
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ื”ื•ื ืืช ื”ืฉืื™ืคื” ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืฆื“
01:37
these old assumptions,
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืื•ืชืŸ ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ื™ืฉื ื•ืช,
01:39
for philanthropy to become open and big
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื ื“ื‘ื ื•ืช ืชื™ืขืฉื” ืคืชื•ื—ื” ื•ื’ื“ื•ืœื”
01:41
and fast and connected, in service of the long term.
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ืžื”ื™ืจื” ื•ืžืงื•ืฉืจืช, ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ื”ืจื—ื•ืง.
01:44
This entrepreneurial energy
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ืื ืจื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ื™ื–ืžื•ืช ื”ื–ืืช
01:46
is emerging from many quarters.
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ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ืžืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื,
01:48
And it's driven and propelled forward by new leaders, like many of the people here,
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืžื•ื ืขืช ื•ื ื“ื—ืคืช ืข"ื™ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ื›ืžื• ืจื‘ื™ื ื›ืืŸ,
01:51
by new tools, like the ones we've seen here,
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ืข"ื™ ื›ืœื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ื›ืžื• ืืœื” ืฉืจืื™ื ื• ื›ืืŸ,
01:54
and by new pressures.
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ื•ืข"ื™ ืœื—ืฆื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื.
01:56
I've been following this change for quite a while now, and participating in it.
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ืื ื™ ืขื•ืงื‘ืช ืžื–ื” ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื–ื” ื•ืžืฉืชืชืคืช ื‘ื•.
01:59
This report is our main public report.
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ื”ื“ื•"ื— ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ื•"ื— ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืฉืœื ื•.
02:01
What it tells is the story of how today
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ื•ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื•ื, ืฉืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื•ื
02:03
actually could be as historic
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ืขืฉื•ื™ ื‘ืืžืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™
02:05
as 100 years ago.
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ื›ืžื• ืžื” ืฉืื™ืจืข ืœืคื ื™ 100 ืฉื ื”.
02:07
What I want to do is share some of the coolest things
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ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื™ ืœืฉืชืฃ ืืชื›ื ื‘ื›ืžื” ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืžืขื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
02:10
that are going on with you.
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ืฉืงื•ืจื™ื ืืฆืœื›ื.
02:12
And as I do that, I'm not going to dwell much
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ื•ืื™ื ื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืœื”ืชืขืกืง ื”ืจื‘ื”
02:15
on the very large philanthropy that everybody already knows about --
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ื‘ืชืžื•ื ืช ื”ื ื“ื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉื›ื•ืœื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื˜ื‘,
02:19
the Gates or the Soros or the Google.
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ืฉืœ ื’ื™ื™ื˜ืก, ืกื•ืจื•ืก ื•"ื’ื•ื’ืœ".
02:22
Instead, what I want to do
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ืืœื ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช
02:25
is talk about the philanthropy of all of us:
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ื”ื•ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื ื“ื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืื™ืชื ื•.
02:29
the democratization of philanthropy.
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ืขืœ ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื ื“ื‘ื ื•ืช.
02:31
This is a moment in history when the average person
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ื›ืขืช ื–ื”ื• ืจื’ืข ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ืฉื‘ื• ืœืื“ื ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข
02:33
has more power than at any time.
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ื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ื•ื— ืžืื™-ืคืขื ื‘ืขื‘ืจ.
02:36
What I'm going to do is look at five categories of experiments,
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ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื™ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืกื•ื’ื™ ื ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ื,
02:39
each of which challenges an old assumption of philanthropy.
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ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืงื•ืจื ืชื™ื’ืจ ืขืœ ืžื•ืกื›ืžืช-ื ื“ื‘ื ื•ืช ืžื™ื•ืฉื ืช.
02:44
The first is mass collaboration, represented here by Wikipedia.
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ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ: ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื”ืžื•ื ื™, ื”ืžื™ื•ืฆื’ ื›ืืŸ ืข"ื™ "ื•ื™ืงื™ืคื“ื™ื”".
02:48
Now, this may surprise you.
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ื–ื” ืื•ืœื™ ื™ืคืชื™ืข ืืชื›ื,
02:50
But remember, philanthropy is about giving of time and talent, not just money.
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ืืš ื–ื™ื›ืจื• ืฉื ื“ื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื ืชื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื–ืžืŸ ื•ื›ืฉืจื•ืŸ, ืœื ืจืง ื›ืกืฃ.
02:55
Clay Shirky, that great chronicler of everything networked,
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ืงืœื™ื™ ืฉื™ืจืงื™, ื”ืžืชืขื“ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืžืงื•ื•ืŸ,
02:59
has captured the assumption that this challenges
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ื ื™ืกื— ืืช ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืžืขืจืขืจ
03:01
in such a beautiful way.
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ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื™ืคื”ืคื™ื”.
03:03
He said, "We have lived in this world
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ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ, "ืขื“ ื›ื” ื—ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืขื•ืœื,
03:05
where little things are done for love
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ืฉื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ื• ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืื”ื‘ื”
03:07
and big things for money.
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ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื - ืœืžืขืŸ ื›ืกืฃ.
03:09
Now we have Wikipedia.
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ื›ืขืช ื™ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืคื“ื™ื”.
03:11
Suddenly big things can be done for love."
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ื•ืœืคืชืข ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืื”ื‘ื”."
03:15
Watch, this spring, for Paul Hawken's new book --
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ื—ื›ื• ื‘ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœืกืคืจื• ืฉืœ ืคื•ืœ ื”ื•ืงืŸ.
03:18
Author and entrepreneur many of you may know about.
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ืกื•ืคืจ ื•ื™ื–ื ืฉืจื‘ื™ื ืžื›ื ืื•ืœื™ ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื.
03:20
The book is called "Blessed Unrest."
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ื”ืกืคืจ ืงืจื•ื™ "ืชืกื™ืกื” ืžื‘ื•ืจื›ืช".
03:22
And when it comes out, a series of wiki sites
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ื•ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื™ืฆื ืœืื•ืจ, ืกื“ืจืช ืืชืจื™ "ื•ื™ืงื™"
03:24
under the label WISER, are going to launch at the same time.
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ืชื—ืช ื”ืฉื "ื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ืจ", ื™ืขืœื• ื‘ื•-ื–ืžื ื™ืช ืœืจืฉืช.
03:27
WISER stands for World Index
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"ื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ืจ" ื”ืŸ ืจืืฉื™-ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ "ืžื“ื“ ืขื•ืœืžื™
03:29
for Social and Environmental Responsibility.
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ืฉืœ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื•ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ืช."
03:32
WISER sets out to document, link and empower
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ืžื˜ืจืช "ื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ืจ" ื”ื™ื ืœืชืขื“, ืœืงืฉืจ ื•ืœื”ืขืฆื™ื
03:34
what Paul calls the largest movement,
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ืืช ืžื” ืฉืคื•ืœ ืžื›ื ื” "ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ
03:37
and fastest-growing movement in human history:
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ื•ื–ื• ืฉื’ื“ืœื” ื”ื›ื™-ืžื”ืจ ื‘ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช."
03:39
humanity's collective immune response
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ื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืงื•ืœืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช
03:42
to today's threats.
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ืœืื™ื•ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ืžื™ื ื•.
03:44
Now, all of these big things for love -- experiments --
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ืœื ื›ืœ ื”ื ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื‘ืื”ื‘ื”
03:48
aren't going to take off.
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ื™ื–ื›ื• ืœืคืจื•ืฉ ื›ื ืคื™ื™ื.
03:50
But the ones that do
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ืืš ืืœื” ืฉื›ืŸ,
03:52
are going to be the biggest, the most open,
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ื™ื”ื™ื• ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื ื“ื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ืคืชื•ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ,
03:54
the fastest, the most connected form of philanthropy in human history.
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ื•ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืžืงื•ืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช.
03:58
Second category is online philanthropy marketplaces.
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ื”ืกื•ื’ ื”ืฉื ื™ ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ ื”ื ื“ื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ื•ื ื™ื.
04:01
This is, of course, to philanthropy
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ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ื ื“ื‘ื ื•ืช, ื–ื” ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ
04:03
what eBay and Amazon are to commerce.
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ืœ"ืื™ื‘ื™ื™" ื•"ืืžื–ื•ืŸ" ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืžืกื—ืจ.
04:07
Think of it as peer-to-peer philanthropy.
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ื—ื™ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื›ืš ื›ืขืœ ื ื“ื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช.
04:10
And this challenges yet another assumption,
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ื•ื–ื” ืงื•ืจื ืชื™ื’ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื ื—ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช,
04:13
which is that organized philanthropy is only for the very wealthy.
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ืœืคื™ื” ื”ื ื“ื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืื•ืจื’ื ืช ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืจืง ืœืขืฉื™ืจื™ื ืžืื“.
04:17
Take a look, if you haven't, at DonorsChoose.
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ืื ื˜ืจื ืขืฉื™ืชื ื–ืืช, ื”ืฆื™ืฆื• ื‘ืืชืจ "ื“ื•ื ื•ืจืก-ืฆ'ื•ื–" (ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื).
04:20
Omidyar Network has made a big investment in DonorsChoose.
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ืจืฉืช "ืื•ืžื™ื“ื™ืืจ" ื”ืฉืงื™ืขื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘"ื“ื•ื ื•ืจืก-ืฆ'ื•ื–"
04:23
It's one of the best known of these new marketplaces
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ื–ื”ื• ืื—ื“ ื”ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื“ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
04:25
where a donor can go straight into a classroom
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ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืžื™ื“ ืœื›ื™ืชื”
04:27
and connect with what a teacher says they need.
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ื•ืœื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ ืœืžื” ืฉื”ืžื•ืจื” ืื•ืžืจ ืœื• ืฉื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš.
04:30
Take a look at Changing the Present,
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ืœืžืฉืœ "ืฆ'ื™ื™ื ื’'ื™ื ื’ ื“ื” ืคืจื–ื ื˜" (ืฉื ื• ืืช ื”ื”ื•ื•ื”/ื”ื—ืœื™ืคื• ืžืชื ื•ืช),
04:32
started by a TEDster, next time you need a wedding present or a holiday present.
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ืฉื™ื™ืกื“ ื—ื‘ืจ-TED, ื‘ืคืขื ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืชื–ื“ืงืงื• ืœืžืชื ืช ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืื• ื—ื’.
04:35
GiveIndia is for a whole country.
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"ื’ื™ื‘-ืื™ื ื“ื™ื”" (ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื‘ื”ื•ื“ื•) ืžื™ื•ืขื“ ืœืืจืฅ ืฉืœืžื”.
04:37
And it goes on and on.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ื•ืขื•ื“.
04:39
The third category is represented by Warren Buffet,
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ื”ืกื•ื’ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืžื™ื•ืฆื’ ืข"ื™ ื•ื•ืจืŸ ื‘ืืคื˜.
04:42
which I call aggregated giving.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžื›ื ื” ื–ืืช ืชืจื•ืžื” ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจืช.
04:44
It's not just that Warren Buffet was so amazingly generous
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ืœื ืจืง ืฉื•ื•ืจืŸ ื‘ืืคื˜ ื”ืจืื” ื ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื”
04:47
in that historic act last summer.
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ื‘ืžืขืฉื”ื• ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ื‘ืงื™ืฅ ืฉืขื‘ืจ,
04:49
It's that he challenged another assumption,
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ืืœื ืฉื”ื•ื ืงืจื ืชื™ื’ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื ื—ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช,
04:51
that every giver should have his or her own
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ืฉืœื›ืœ ืชื•ืจื ืื• ืชื•ืจืžืช ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช
04:53
fund or foundation.
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ืงืจืŸ ืื• ืžื•ืกื“ ืžืฉืœื”ื.
04:55
There are now, today, so many new funds
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ื™ืฉ ื”ื™ื•ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืงืจื ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช,
04:59
that are aggregating giving and investing,
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ืฉืžืกืชื›ืžื•ืช ื›ื•ืœืŸ ื‘ื ืชื™ื ื” ื•ื”ืฉืงืขื”,
05:01
bringing together people
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ื•ื’ื•ืจืžื•ืช ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืœื”ืชืงื‘ืฅ
05:04
around a common goal, to think bigger.
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ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืžื˜ืจื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช, ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื’ื“ื•ืœ.
05:06
One of the best known is Acumen Fund, led by Jacqueline Novogratz,
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ืื—ืช ื”ืžื•ื›ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื™ื "ืงืจืŸ ืืงื•ืžืŸ", ื‘ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื–'ืงืœื™ืŸ ื ื•ื‘ื•ื’ืจืฅ,
05:10
a TEDster who got a big boost here at TED.
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ื—ื‘ืจืช-TED ืฉื–ื›ืชื” ืœืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื›ืืŸ ื‘-TED.
05:12
But there are many others: New Profit in Cambridge,
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ืืš ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื—ืจื•ืช: "ื ื™ื•-ืคืจื•ืคื™ื˜" ื‘ืงื™ื™ืžื‘ืจื™ื“ื’',
05:15
New School's Venture Fund in Silicon Valley,
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"ืงืจืŸ ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื ื™ื•-ืกืงื•ืœ" ืฉื‘ืขืžืง ื”ืกื™ืœื™ืงื•ืŸ,
05:18
Venture Philanthropy Partners in Washington,
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"ืฉื•ืชืคื™ ื ื“ื‘ื ื•ืช ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ" ื‘ื•ื•ืฉื™ื ื’ื˜ื•ืŸ,
05:21
Global Fund for Women in San Francisco.
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"ื”ืงืจืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช ืœื ืฉื™ื" ื‘ืกืŸ-ืคืจื ืฆื™ืกืงื•.
05:23
Take a look at these.
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ืจืื• ืืช ืืœื”.
05:25
These funds are to philanthropy
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ืงืจื ื•ืช ืืœื”, ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ื ื“ื‘ื ื•ืช, ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช
05:28
what venture capital, private equity, and eventually mutual funds
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ืœืžื” ืฉื”ื•ืŸ-ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ, ืงืจื ื•ืช ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ
05:33
are to investing,
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ื’ื ืงืจื ื•ืช ื”ื ืืžื ื•ืช, ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช.
05:35
but with a twist --
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžืกื•ื™ื,
05:37
because often a community forms around these funds,
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ื›ื™ ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžืชื’ื‘ืฉืช ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืงืจื ื•ืช ืืœื”,
05:42
as it has at Acumen and other places.
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ื›ืžื• ื‘"ืืงื•ืžืŸ" ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื.
05:45
Now, imagine for a second
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ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืœืจื’ืข
05:48
these first three types of experiments:
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ืืช ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื ื”ื ืกื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืืœื”,
05:51
mass collaboration, online marketplaces, aggregated giving.
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ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืžื•ื ื™ื, ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ืžืงื•ื•ืŸ ื•ืชืจื•ืžื” ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจืช.
05:54
And understand how they help us re-perceive
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ื•ืชื‘ื™ื ื• ืื™ืš ื”ื ืขื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœื ื• ืœืชืคื•ืฉ ืžื—ื“ืฉ
05:57
what organized philanthropy is.
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ืžื”ื™ ื ื“ื‘ื ื•ืช ืžืื•ืจื’ื ืช:
05:59
It's not about foundations necessarily; it's about the rest of us.
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ืœื ื‘ื”ื›ืจื— ืžื•ืกื“ื™ืช, ืืœื ืฉืœ ื›ื•ืœื ื•.
06:02
And imagine the mash-up, if you will, of these things, in the future,
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ืชืืจื• ืœืขืฆืžื›ื ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืืœื”, ื‘ืขืชื™ื“.
06:07
when these things come together in the experiments of the future --
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ื›ืฉื›ืœ ืืœื” ื™ืชื—ื‘ืจื• ื›ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขืชื™ื“--
06:09
imagine that somebody puts up, say,
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ืชืืจื• ืœืขืฆืžื›ื, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื™ืชืจื•ื
06:12
100 million dollars
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ืžืื” ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืจ
06:14
for an inspiring goal --
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ืœืžืขืŸ ืžื˜ืจื” ืžืขื•ืจืจืช-ื”ืฉืจืื”--
06:16
there were 21 gifts of 100 million dollars or more in the US last year,
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ื ื™ืชื ื• 21 ืžืชื ื•ืช ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ื›ื–ื” ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ื”,
06:19
not out of the question --
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ืœื ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืชืงื‘ืœ-ืขืœ-ื”ื“ืขืช--
06:22
but only puts it up if it's matched
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ื™ืชืจื•ื ืืช ื–ื” ืจืง ื›ื ื’ื“
06:25
by millions of small gifts from around the globe,
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ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืžืชื ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ืžื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
06:28
thereby engaging lots of people,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืš ื™ื’ื™ื™ืก ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื,
06:30
and building visibility and engaging people
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ื™ื‘ื ื” ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื™ืขืจื‘ ื‘ื ื™-ืื“ื
06:32
in the goal that's stated.
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ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ื”ืžื•ืฆื”ืจืช.
06:35
I'm going to look quickly at the fourth and fifth categories,
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ืื‘ื—ืŸ ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืืช ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ ื•ื”ื—ืžื™ืฉื™,
06:37
which are innovation, competitions and social investing.
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ืฉื”ื ืชื—ืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื“ืฉื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช.
06:41
They're betting a visible competition, a prize,
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ื”ื”ื™ืžื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉืชื—ืจื•ืช ืฉืงื•ืคื”, ืคืจืก,
06:45
can attract talent and money to some of the most difficult issues,
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ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืžืฉื•ืš ื›ืฉืจื•ืŸ ื•ื›ืกืฃ ืœื›ืžื” ืžื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ,
06:48
and thereby speed the solution.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœื”ืื™ืฅ ืืช ื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ.
06:51
This tackles yet another assumption,
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ื–ื” ืงื•ืจื ืชื™ื’ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื ื—ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช,
06:54
that the giver and the organization is at the center,
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ืœืคื™ื” ื”ืชื•ืจื ื•ื”ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื”ืžืจื›ื–,
06:56
as opposed to putting the problem at the center.
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ื•ืœื ื”ื‘ืขื™ื”.
06:59
You can look to these innovators
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ืืคืฉืจ ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืžืŸ ื”ืžื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื”
07:01
to help us especially with things that require
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ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื ื• ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื
07:04
technological or scientific solution.
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ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ืื• ืžื“ืขื™.
07:08
That leaves the final category, social investing,
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ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ื”ืกื•ื’ ื”ื—ืžื™ืฉื™, ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช,
07:12
which is really, anyway, the biggest of them all,
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ืฉื”ื™ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžื›ื•ืœื.
07:14
represented here by Xigi.net.
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ื”ื™ื ืžื™ื•ืฆื’ืช ื›ืืŸ ืข"ื™ "ื–ื™ื’ื™.ื ื˜"
07:17
And this, of course, tackles the biggest assumption of all,
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ื•ื”ื™ื ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืงื•ืจืืช ืชื™ื’ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžื›ื•ืœืŸ,
07:21
that business is business,
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ืฉืขืกืงื™ื ื”ื ืขืกืงื™ื,
07:23
and philanthropy is the vehicle of people who want to create change in the world.
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ื•ืื™ืœื• ื”ื ื“ื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื›ืœื™ ืฉื ื•ืขื“ ืœืžื™ ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื.
07:27
Xigi is a new community site
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"ื–ื™ื’ื™" ื”ื™ื ืืชืจ ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ ื—ื“ืฉ
07:29
that's built by the community,
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ืฉื ื‘ื ื” ืข"ื™ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื”,
07:31
linking and mapping this new social capital market.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืงืฉืจ ื•ืžืžืคื” ืืช ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ื”ื–ื”.
07:35
It lists already 1,000 entities
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ืจืฉื•ืžื™ื ื‘ื• ื›ื‘ืจ 1,000 ื’ื•ืคื™ื
07:37
that are offering debt and equity for social enterprise.
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ืฉืžืฆื™ืขื™ื ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื›ืกืคื™ ื•ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืœื™ื–ืžื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช.
07:41
So we can look to these innovators
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ื›ืš ืฉื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ื• ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืžื”ืžื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื”
07:44
to help us remember
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ืฉื™ืขื–ืจื• ืœื ื• ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ
07:48
that if we can leverage even a small amount of the capital
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ืฉื’ื ืื ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ื• ืœืžื ืฃ ืจืง ืžืขื˜ ืžื”ื”ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”
07:51
that seeks a return,
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ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ืžืื™ืชื ื•,
07:53
the good that can be driven could be astonishing.
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ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉื™ื•ืคืง ืžื›ืš ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื“ื”ื™ื.
07:58
Now, what's really interesting here
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ื•ืžื” ืฉื‘ืืžืช ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ
08:00
is that we're not thinking our way
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ื”ื•ื ืฉืื™ื ื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ืจื’ื™ืœื”
08:04
into a new way of acting;
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ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืขืฉื™ื” ื—ื“ืฉื”,
08:06
we're acting our way into a new way of thinking.
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ืืœื ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื—ื“ืฉื”.
08:09
Philanthropy is reorganizing itself
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ื”ื ื“ื‘ื ื•ืช ืžืชืืจื’ืช ืžื—ื“ืฉ
08:12
before our very eyes.
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ืœื ื’ื“ ืขื™ื ื™ื ื•.
08:14
And even though all of the experiments and all of the big givers
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ื•ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื ืกื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื
08:18
don't yet fulfill this aspiration,
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ื˜ืจื ื”ื’ืฉื™ืžื• ืืช ืฉืื™ืคื•ืชื™ื”ื,
08:21
I think this is the new zeitgeist:
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ืœื“ืขืชื™ ื–ื• ืจื•ื— ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื“ืฉื”:
08:23
open, big, fast, connected,
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ืคืชื•ื—ื”, ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ืžื”ื™ืจื”, ืžืงื•ืฉืจืช,
08:26
and, let us also hope, long.
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ื•ื ืงื•ื•ื” ืฉื’ื ืืจื•ื›ืช-ื˜ื•ื•ื—.
08:28
We have got to realize that it is going to take a long time to do these things.
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ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื™ื“ืจืฉ ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ืœื”ื’ืฉืžืช ื›ืœ ืืœื”.
08:32
If we don't develop the stamina to stick with things --
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ืื ืœื ื ืคืชื— ืืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืœืช ืœื”ืชืžื™ื“ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”--
08:35
whatever it is you pick, stick with it --
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ืชื‘ื—ืจื• ืžื” ืฉืชื‘ื—ืจื•, ืืš ื”ืชืžื™ื“ื• ื‘ื›ืš--
08:38
all of this stuff is just going to be, you know, a fad.
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ื›ืœ ืืœื” ื™ื™ืขืฉื• ืœืกืชื ืฉื’ืขื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืœืฃ.
08:42
But I'm really hopeful.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื‘ืืžืช ืžืœืืช-ืชืงื•ื•ื”.
08:44
And I'm hopeful because it's not only philanthropy
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžืœืืช-ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืœื ืจืง ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื ื“ื‘ื ื•ืช
08:46
that's reorganizing itself,
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ืžืชืืจื’ืช ืžื—ื“ืฉ,
08:48
it's also whole other portions of the social sector,
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ืืœื ื’ื ื›ืœ ื™ืชืจ ื—ืœืงื™ ื”ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™
08:51
and of business,
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ื•ื”ืขื™ืกืงื™,
08:54
that are busy challenging "business as usual."
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ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืชื™ื’ืจ ืขืœ ืชืคื™ืกืช ื”"ืขืกืงื™ื ื›ืจื’ื™ืœ".
08:57
And everywhere I go, including here at TED,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื, ื›ื•ืœืœ ื›ืืŸ ื‘-TED,
09:00
I feel that there is a new moral hunger
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ืื ื™ ื—ืฉื” ื‘ืจืขื‘ ืœืžื•ืกืจ ื—ื“ืฉ
09:04
that is growing.
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ืฉื”ื•ืœืš ื•ืžืชืขื•ืจืจ.
09:06
What we're seeing is people really wrestling
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ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืžืžืฉ ื ืื‘ืงื™ื
09:08
to describe what is this new thing that's happening.
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ืœืชืืจ ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืžืชืจื—ืฉ ื›ืขืช.
09:11
Words like "philanthrocapitalism,"
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ืžืœื™ื ื›ืžื• "ืงืคื™ื˜ืœื™ื–ื ื ื“ื‘ื ื™",
09:13
and "natural capitalism," and "philanthroentrepreneur,"
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"ืงืคื™ื˜ืœื™ื–ื ื˜ื‘ืขื™", "ื™ื–ืžื•ืช ื ื“ื‘ื ื™ืช",
09:15
and "venture philanthropy."
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ื•"ื ื“ื‘ื ื•ืช ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ",
09:17
We don't have a language for it yet.
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ืขื•ื“ ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืฉืคื” ืฉืชืชืืจ ืืช ื›ืœ ื–ื”.
09:19
Whatever we call it,
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ืœื ืžืฉื ื” ืื™ืš ื ื›ื ื” ื–ืืช;
09:21
it's new, it's beginning,
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ื–ื” ื—ื“ืฉ, ื–ื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœ,
09:23
and I think it's gong to quite significant.
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ื•ืœื“ืขืชื™ ื–ื” ืขืชื™ื“ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืžืื“.
09:27
And that's where my imagined future comes in,
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ื•ื›ืืŸ ื ื›ื ืก ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืœื ื’ื“ ืขื™ื ื™,
09:29
which I am going to call the social singularity.
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ืืงืจื ืœื• "ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช".
09:33
Many of you will realize that I'm ripping a bit off of the science fiction writer
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ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื›ื ื™ื–ื”ื• ืฉืื ื™ ื’ื•ื ื‘ืช ืงืฆืช ืžื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ
09:36
Vernor Vinge's notion of a technological singularity,
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ืฉืœ ืกื•ืคืจ ื”ืžื“"ื‘ ื•ื•ืจื ื•ืจ ื•ื™ื ื’ื” ืขืœ ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช,
09:39
where a number of trends accelerate and converge
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืžืกืคืจ ืžื’ืžื•ืช ืžืื™ืฆื•ืช ื•ืžืชื›ื ืกื•ืช,
09:41
and come together to create, really, a shockingly new reality.
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ื•ื™ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื” ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื–ืขื–ื•ืข.
09:45
It may be that the social singularity
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ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ืฉืœืคื ื™ื ื•
09:48
ahead is the one that we fear the most:
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ื”ื™ื ื–ืืช ืžืžื ื” ืื ื• ื”ื›ื™ ืคื•ื—ื“ื™ื;
09:52
a convergence of catastrophes,
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ื”ืชื›ื ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ืืกื•ื ื•ืช,
09:54
of environmental degradation,
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ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ืช,
09:56
of weapons of mass destruction, of pandemics,
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ืฉืœ ื›ืœื™-ื ืฉืง ืœื”ืฉืžื“ื” ื”ืžื•ื ื™ืช, ืฉืœ ืžื’ืคื•ืช,
09:58
of poverty.
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ืฉืœ ืขื•ื ื™.
10:00
That's because
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ื•ื–ื” ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ
10:02
our ability to confront the problems that we face
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ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ื• ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉืœืคื ื™ื ื•
10:06
has not kept pace with our ability to create them.
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ืœื ืขืžื“ื” ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ื• ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืื•ืชืŸ.
10:09
And as we've heard here,
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ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉืฉืžืขื ื• ื›ืืŸ,
10:11
it is no exaggeration to say
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ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ื–ื• ื”ื’ื–ืžื” ืœื•ืžืจ
10:13
that we hold the future of our civilization in our hands
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ืฉืขืชื™ื“ ื”ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœื ื• ื ืžืฆื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ื•
10:16
as never before.
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื™-ืคืขื.
10:19
The question is, is there a positive social singularity?
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ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื™ื, ื”ืื ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืช?
10:22
Is there a frontier for us
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ื”ืื ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืื•ืคืง
10:24
of how we live together?
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ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ื•ืชื?
10:27
Our future doesn't have to be imagined.
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ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืœื ื• ืœื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื“ืžื™ื•ื ื™.
10:29
We can create a future where hope and history rhyme.
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ื‘ื›ื™ื•ืœืชื ื• ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืขืชื™ื“ ืฉื‘ื• ื™ืชื—ืจื–ื• ื–ื• ื‘ื–ื• ื”ืชืงื•ื•ื” ื•ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื”.
10:34
But we have a problem.
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื‘ืขื™ื”.
10:36
Our experience to date, both individually and collectively,
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ื ืกื™ื•ื ื ื• ืขื“ ื›ื”, ื›ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื ื•ื›ื›ืœืœ,
10:40
hasn't prepared us for what we're going to need to do,
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ืœื ื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืงืจืืช ืžื” ืฉื ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช,
10:43
or who we're going to need to be.
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ืื• ืžื” ืฉื ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช.
10:46
We are going to need
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ืื ื• ื ื–ื“ืงืง
10:48
a new generation of citizen leaders
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ืœื“ื•ืจ ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื
10:53
willing to commit ourselves to growing and changing and learning
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ื ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืฆืžื™ื—ื”, ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื•ืœื™ืžื•ื“
10:56
as rapidly as possible.
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ืžื”ืจ ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจ.
10:58
That's why I have one last thing I want to show you.
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“ ืฉื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื™ ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื›ื.
11:01
This is a photograph taken about 100 years ago
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ื–ืืช ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉืฆื•ืœืžื” ืœืคื ื™ ื›-100 ืฉื ื”
11:03
of my grandfather and great-grandfather.
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ืฉืœ ื”ืกื‘ื ื•ื”ืกื‘ื-ืจื‘ื ืฉืœื™.
11:06
This is a newspaper publisher and a banker.
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ืืœื” ื”ื ืžื•"ืœ ืฉืœ ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื ืงืื™.
11:09
And they were great community leaders.
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ื•ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ื“ื’ื•ืœื™ื.
11:11
And, yes, they were great philanthropists.
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ื•ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื ื“ื‘ื ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื.
11:14
I keep this photograph close by to me --
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ืื ื™ ืฉื•ืžืจืช ืืช ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ื–ื• ืœื™ื“ื™.
11:16
it's in my office --
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ื”ื™ื ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ืฉืœื™.
11:18
because I've always felt a mystical connection to these two men,
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ื›ื™ ืชืžื™ื“ ื—ืฉืชื™ ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืžืกืชื•ืจื™ ืืœ ืฉื ื™ ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”,
11:21
both of whom I never knew.
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ื•ืืช ืฉื ื™ื”ื ืœื ื”ื›ืจืชื™.
11:24
And so, in their honor,
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ, ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ื,
11:28
I want to offer you this blank slide.
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ืื ื™ ืžืฆื™ืขื” ืœื›ื ืืช ื”ืฉืงื•ืคื™ืช ื”ืจื™ืงื” ื”ื–ื•.
11:33
And I want you to imagine
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ื•ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื™ ืฉืชื“ืžื™ื™ื ื•
11:36
that this a photograph of you.
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ืฉื–ื”ื• ืชืฆืœื•ื ืฉืœื›ื.
11:39
And I want you to think about the community
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ื•ืฉืชื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื”
11:42
that you want to be part of creating.
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ืฉื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื›ื ืœืงื—ืช ื—ืœืง ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื”.
11:44
Whatever that means to you.
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ืชื”ื ืืฉืจ ืชื”ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจื›ื.
11:47
And I want you to imagine
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ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื™ ืฉืชื“ืžื™ื™ื ื•
11:50
that it's 100 years from now,
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ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ืขื›ืฉื™ื• 100 ืฉื ื”,
11:53
and your grandchild, or great-grandchild,
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ื•ื”ื ื›ื“ื™ื ืื• ื”ื ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืœื›ื,
11:57
or niece or nephew or god-child,
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ืื• ื”ืื—ื™ื™ื ื™ื, ื”ืื—ื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืช, ืื• ื™ืœื“ื™ ื”ืกื ื“ืงื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื,
12:01
is looking at this photograph of you.
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ืžืชื‘ื•ื ื ื™ื ื‘ืชืฆืœื•ื ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœื›ื.
12:05
What is the story you most want for them to tell?
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ืื™ื–ื” ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืฉื”ื ื™ืกืคืจื•?
12:19
Thank you very much.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืœื›ื.
12:21
(Applause)
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[ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื]
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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