The three ways that good design makes you happy | Don Norman

1,056,826 views ใƒป 2009-03-09

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Ido Dekkers ืžื‘ืงืจ: Sigal Tifferet
00:12
The new me is beauty.
0
12160
2000
ื”ืื ื™ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืคื™.
00:14
(Laughter)
1
14160
1000
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
00:15
Yeah, people used to say, "Norman's OK,
2
15160
5000
ื›ืŸ, ืื ืฉื™ื ื ื”ื’ื• ืœื•ืžืจ, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื ื•ืจืžืŸ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืกื“ืจ.
00:20
but if you followed what he said, everything would be usable
3
20160
2000
ืื‘ืœ ืื ืชืขืงื‘ื• ืื—ืจื™ ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืืžืจ, ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™
00:22
but it would be ugly."
4
22160
2000
ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื›ื•ืขืจ.
00:24
Well, I didn't have that in mind, so ...
5
24160
2000
ืื–, ื–ื” ืœื ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™, ืื–...
00:29
This is neat.
6
29160
2000
ื–ื” ื ื—ืžื“.
00:31
Thank you for setting up my display.
7
31160
2000
ืชื•ื“ื” ืฉื”ืงืžืชื ืืช ื”ืชืฆื•ื’ื” ืฉืœื™.
00:33
I mean, it's just wonderful.
8
33160
2000
ืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ, ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื ืคืœื.
00:35
And I haven't the slightest idea of what it does or what it's good for,
9
35160
3000
ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ ืงืฆื” ืฉืœ ืžื•ืฉื’ ืžื” ื–ื” ืขื•ืฉื” ืื• ืœืžื” ื–ื” ื˜ื•ื‘,
00:38
but I want it.
10
38160
2000
ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืืช ื–ื”.
00:40
And that's my new life.
11
40160
2000
ื•ืืœื• ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื™.
00:42
My new life is trying to understand what beauty is about,
12
42160
4000
ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื™ ื”ื ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื”ื• ื™ื•ืคื™,
00:46
and "pretty," and "emotions."
13
46160
2000
ื•ื™ื•ืคื™ ื•ืจื’ืฉื•ืช.
00:48
The new me is all about making things kind of neat and fun.
14
48160
4000
ื”ืื ื™ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ื”ื•ื ื›ื•ืœื• ืขืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื ื—ืžื“ื™ื ื•ื›ืคื™ื™ื.
00:52
And so this is a Philippe Starck juicer, produced by Alessi.
15
52160
4000
ืื– ื–ื• ื”ืžืกื—ื˜ื” ืฉืœ ืคื™ืœื™ืค ืกื˜ืืจืง, ืžื™ื•ืฆืจืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืืœืกื™.
00:56
It's just neat; it's fun. It's so much fun I have it in my house --
16
56160
4680
ื”ื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื›ื™ืคื™ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืื•ืชื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช,
ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืื•ืชื” ื‘ื›ื ื™ืกื”, ืื ื™ ืœื ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื” ืœืกื—ื™ื˜ืช ืžื™ืฅ.
01:00
but I have it in the entryway, I don't use it to make juice.
17
60880
3000
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
01:03
(Laughter)
18
63880
2000
ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืงื ื™ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืžื”ื“ื•ืจื” ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืžืฆื•ืคืช ื”ื–ื”ื‘
01:05
In fact, I bought the gold-plated special edition
19
65880
4000
ื•ื”ื™ื ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืขื ืคื™ืกืช ื ื™ื™ืจ
01:09
and it comes with a little slip of paper
20
69880
2000
ืฉืื•ืžืจืช, "ืืœ ืชืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ืžืกื—ื˜ื” ื”ื–ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกื—ื•ื˜ ืžื™ืฅ.
01:11
that says, "Don't use this juicer to make juice."
21
71880
3000
ื”ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ืชื”ืจื•ืก ืืช ืฆื™ืคื•ื™ ื”ื–ื”ื‘."
01:14
The acid will ruin the gold plating.
22
74880
3000
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
ืื– ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืœืงื—ืชื™ ืงืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžื™ืฅ ืชืคื•ื–ื™ื
01:17
(Laughter)
23
77880
1000
01:18
So actually, I took a carton of orange juice
24
78880
2000
ื•ืžื–ื’ืชื™ ืื•ืชื• ืœื›ื•ืก ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฆืœื ืืช ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ื–ืืช.
01:20
and I poured it in the glass to take this picture.
25
80880
2000
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
01:22
(Laughter)
26
82880
3000
ืื‘ืœ, ืžืชื—ืชื™ื” ื™ืฉ ืกื›ื™ืŸ ื™ืคื™ืคื”.
01:25
Beneath it is a wonderful knife.
27
85880
2000
ื–ื” ืกื›ื™ืŸ ื—ื™ืชื•ืš ืฉืœ ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœ ืฉื ืขืฉื” ื‘ื™ืคืŸ.
01:27
It's a Global cutting knife made in Japan.
28
87880
3000
ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ, ืชืกืชื›ืœื• ืขืœ ื”ืฆื•ืจื”, ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื ืคืœื ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœื™ื•.
01:30
First of all, look at the shape -- it's just wonderful to look at.
29
90880
4160
ืฉื ื™ืช, ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืฉื™ื•ื•ื™ ืžืฉืงืœ ื ืคืœื
ื”ื•ื ืžื—ื–ื™ืง -- ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื˜ื•ื‘.
01:35
Second of all, it's really beautifully balanced:
30
95080
3000
ื•ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ื”ื•ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื—ื“, ื”ื•ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื—ื•ืชืš.
ื–ื” ื›ื™ืฃ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื•.
01:38
it holds well, it feels well.
31
98080
1360
01:39
And third of all, it's so sharp, it just cuts.
32
99480
2000
ื•ืื–, ื™ืฉ ืœื• ื”ื›ืœ ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
01:41
It's a delight to use.
33
101480
2000
ื”ื•ื ื™ืคื” ื•ื”ื•ื ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™.
01:43
And so it's got everything, right?
34
103480
2000
ื•ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืกืคืจ ืœื›ื ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืขืœื™ื•,
01:45
It's beautiful and it's functional.
35
105480
2000
ืฉื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืœืžืฉืงืฃ,
01:47
And I can tell you stories about it,
36
107480
2000
ืื– ืชืจืื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืชืื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ืจื’ืฉื•ืช.
01:49
which makes it reflective,
37
109480
2000
ื•ืืœื• ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื.
01:51
and so you'll see I have a theory of emotion.
38
111480
2000
ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ ืื™ืฉื™ ื•ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœื• ื‘ืžืขื‘ื“ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื” ื‘MIT
01:53
And those are the three components.
39
113480
2000
ืœืงื—ื• ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืคื™ื ื’ ืคื•ื ื’ ื•ืžืงืจืŸ ืžืขืœื™ื•,
01:55
Hiroshi Ishii and his group at the MIT Media Lab
40
115480
3000
ื•ืขืœ ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื”ืคื™ื ื’ ืคื•ื ื’ ื”ื ื”ืงืจื™ื ื• ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืžื™ื
01:58
took a ping-pong table and placed a projector above it,
41
118480
3000
ื•ื“ื’ื™ื ืฉื•ื—ื™ื ื‘ื”ื.
02:01
and on the ping-pong table they projected an image of water
42
121480
3000
ื•ื›ืฉืืชื ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื ืคื™ื ื’ ืคื•ื ื’, ื›ืฉื”ื›ื“ื•ืจ ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื‘ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ
02:04
with fish swimming in it.
43
124480
2000
ื”ื’ืœื™ื ืžืชืคืฉื˜ื™ื ื•ื”ื“ื’ื™ื ื‘ื•ืจื—ื™ื.
02:06
And as you play ping-pong, whenever the ball hits part of the table,
44
126480
3000
ืื‘ืœ ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืื– ื”ื›ื“ื•ืจ ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ืฆื“ ื”ืฉื ื™,
02:09
the ripples spread out and the fish run away.
45
129480
2000
ื•ื”ื’ืœื™ื ืคื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘-- ื“ื’ื™ื ืžืกื›ื ื™ื, ื”ื ืœื ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืฉืงื˜ ื•ืžื ื•ื—ื”.
02:11
But of course, then the ball hits the other side,
46
131480
2000
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
02:13
the ripples hit the -- poor fish, they can't find any peace and quiet.
47
133480
3000
ื•ื”ืื ื–ื• ื“ืจืš ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืœืฉื—ืง ืคื™ื ื’ ืคื•ื ื’?
ืœื. ืื‘ืœ ื”ืื ื–ื” ื›ื™ืฃ?
02:16
(Laughter)
48
136480
1000
02:17
Is that a good way to play ping-pong?
49
137480
2000
ื›ืŸ, ื›ืŸ.
02:19
No. But is it fun?
50
139480
2000
ืื– -- ืื• ืชืกืชื›ืœื• ืขืœ ื’ื•ื’ืœ.
02:21
Yeah! Yeah.
51
141480
3000
ืื ืชืงืœื™ื“ื•, ืื• ื ื’ื™ื“, "ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ื•ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘"
02:24
Or look at Google.
52
144480
2000
02:26
If you type in, oh say, "emotion and design,"
53
146480
5000
ืืชื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื 10 ื“ืคื™ื ืฉืœ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช.
ืื– ื’ื•ื’ืœ ืกืชื ืœืงื—ื• ืืช ื”ืœื•ื’ื• ืฉืœื”ื ื•ืžืชื—ื• ืื•ืชื•.
02:31
you get 10 pages of results.
54
151480
2000
ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ "ื™ืฉ ืœืš 73000 ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช.
02:33
So Google just took their logo and they spread it out.
55
153480
3000
ื–ื” ืื—ื“ ืขื“ 20. ื”ื‘ื,"
02:36
Instead of saying, "You got 73,000 results.
56
156480
2000
ื”ื ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœื›ื ื›ืžื” O ื›ืžื• ืฉื™ืฉ ื“ืคื™ื.
02:38
This is one through 20. Next,"
57
158480
2000
ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื•ืžืชืื™ื.
02:40
they just give you as many o's as there are pages.
58
160480
2040
ืื ื™ ืžืชืขืจื‘ ืฉืจื‘ื™ื ืžื›ื ืจืื• ืืช ื–ื” ื•ืœื ืฉืžื• ืœื‘.
02:42
It's really simple and subtle.
59
162520
2000
02:44
I bet a lot of you have seen it and never noticed it.
60
164520
3000
ื–ื” ืชืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืข
ืฉืžืขื™ืŸ ืžื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื‘ื–ื”, ื–ื” ื›ื ืจืื” ื“ื™ ื ืขื™ื
02:47
That's the subconscious mind
61
167520
2000
ื•ืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื ืœืžื”.
02:49
that sort of notices it -- it probably is kind of pleasant
62
169520
2000
ื•ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื—ื›ื.
02:51
and you didn't know why.
63
171520
2000
ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืžื” ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“,
02:53
And it's just clever.
64
173520
2000
ืื ืชืงืœื™ื“ื• "ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื•ืจื’ืฉื•ืช."
02:55
And of course, what's especially good is,
65
175520
2000
ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืชื•ืš 10 ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ืืชืจ ืฉืœื™.
02:57
if you type "design and emotion,"
66
177520
2000
02:59
the first response out of those 10 pages is my website.
67
179520
4000
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžื•ื–ืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉื’ื•ื’ืœ ืžืฉืงืจ
03:03
(Laughter)
68
183520
2000
03:05
Now, the weird thing is Google lies,
69
185520
3000
ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื ืื ื™ ืžืงืœื™ื“ "ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื•ืจื’ืฉื•ืช,"
ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ, "ืืชื ืœื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืืช ื”'ื•' ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื•ืกื™ืคื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืžืžื™ืœื."
03:08
because if I type "design and emotion,"
70
188520
2000
03:10
it says, "You don't need the 'and.' We do it anyway."
71
190520
3000
ืื–, ืื•ืงื™ื™,
ืื– ืื ื™ ืžืงืœื™ื“ "ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืจื’ืฉื•ืช"
03:13
So, OK.
72
193520
2000
ื•ื”ืืชืจ ืฉืœื™ ืœื ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื•ื‘.
03:15
So I type "design emotion"
73
195520
2000
ื”ื•ื ืฉืœื™ืฉื™.
03:17
and my website wasn't first again.
74
197520
2000
ืื• ื ื•, ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืื—ืจ.
03:19
It was third.
75
199520
2000
03:21
Oh well, different story.
76
201520
2000
ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื ืคืœืื” ื‘ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง ื˜ื™ื™ืžืก
03:24
There was this wonderful review in The New York Times
77
204240
3000
ืขืœ ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื™ ืงื•ืคืจ.
03:27
about the MINI Cooper automobile.
78
207240
2000
ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื”, "ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื–ื• ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคื’ืžื™ื.
03:29
It said, "You know, this is a car that has lots of faults.
79
209240
3280
ืชืงื ื• ืื•ืชื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืื•ืคืŸ.
03:32
Buy it anyway.
80
212520
2000
ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื›ื™ืฃ ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ื”."
03:34
It's so much fun to drive."
81
214520
2000
ื•ืื ืชื‘ื™ื˜ื• ื‘ืคื ื™ื ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช --
03:36
And if you look at the inside of the car --
82
216520
3000
ืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ, ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœืจืื•ืช, ืฉื›ืจืชื™ ืื•ืชื”,
03:39
I mean, I loved it, I wanted to see it, I rented it,
83
219520
2000
ื–ื” ืื ื™ ืžืฆืœื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื‘ื ื™ ื ื•ื”ื’ --
03:41
this is me taking a picture while my son is driving --
84
221520
3000
ื•ืคื ื™ื ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช, ื›ืœ ื”ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื™.
03:44
and the inside of the car, the whole design is fun.
85
224520
3000
ื”ื•ื ืขื’ืœื’ืœ, ื”ื•ื ื ื—ืžื“.
03:47
It's round, it's neat.
86
227520
2000
ื”ื›ืคืชื•ืจื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื ืคืœื.
03:49
The controls work wonderfully.
87
229520
2000
ืื– ืืœื” ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื™, ื–ื” ื”ื›ืœ ื›ื™ืฃ.
03:51
So that's my new life; it's all about fun.
88
231520
3000
ื‘ืืžืช ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืืช ื”ื”ืจื’ืฉื” ืฉื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื ืขื™ืžื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ,
03:54
I really have the feeling that pleasant things work better,
89
234520
3000
ื•ื–ื” ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ื”ื’ื™ื•ื ื™
03:57
and that never made any sense to me
90
237520
3000
ืขื“ ืฉืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื‘ื ืชื™, ืชืจืื•...
04:00
until I finally figured out -- look ...
91
240520
2000
ืื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืฉื™ื ืงืจืฉ ืขืœ ื”ืจืฆืคื”.
04:04
I'm going to put a plank on the ground.
92
244520
2000
ืื–, ื“ืžื™ื ื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืงืจืฉ ื‘ืจื•ื—ื‘ 60 ืก"ืž ื•ื‘ืื•ืจืš 10 ืžื˜ืจ
04:06
So, imagine I have a plank about two feet wide and 30 feet long
93
246520
3000
ื•ืื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืœื›ืช ืขืœื™ื•, ื•ืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืœื›ืช ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ,
04:09
and I'm going to walk on it, and you see I can walk on it without looking,
94
249520
3000
ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืœื›ืช ืงื“ื™ืžื” ื•ืื—ื•ืจื” ื•ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงืคื•ืฅ ืœืžืขืœื” ื•ืœืžื˜ื”.
04:12
I can go back and forth and I can jump up and down.
95
252520
2000
ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื”.
04:14
No problem.
96
254520
2000
ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืงืจืฉ ื‘ื’ื•ื‘ื” 100 ืžื˜ืจ ื‘ืื•ื™ืจ
04:16
Now I'm going to put the plank 300 feet in the air --
97
256520
4000
ื•ืื ื™ ืœื ืืชืงืจื‘ ืืœื™ื•, ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
04:20
and I'm not going to go near it, thank you.
98
260520
3000
04:25
Intense fear paralyzes you.
99
265800
2000
ืคื—ื“ ืขื•ืฆืžืชื™ ืžืฉืชืง ืืชื›ื.
04:27
It actually affects the way the brain works.
100
267800
3000
ื–ื” ืžืžืฉ ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ืื™ืš ืฉื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื›ื ืขื•ื‘ื“.
04:30
So, Paul Saffo, before his talk said that he didn't really have it down
101
270800
4000
ืื–, ืคื•ืœ ืกืืคื•, ืงืฆืช ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื”ืจืฆืื” ืฉืœื• ืืžืจ ืฉื”ื™ื ืœื ืžืžืฉ ืžื•ื›ื ื”
04:34
until just a few days or hours before the talk,
102
274800
2000
ืขื“ ืžืžืฉ ื™ืžื™ื ืื• ืฉืขื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื”ืจืฆืื”,
04:36
and that anxiety was really helpful in causing him to focus.
103
276800
4000
ื•ื”ืœื—ืฅ ื”ื–ื” ืžืžืฉ ืขื–ืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื• ืœื”ืชืžืงื“
04:40
That's what fear and anxiety does;
104
280800
2000
ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืคื—ื“ ื•ื—ืจื“ื” ืขื•ืฉื™ื
04:42
it causes you to be -- what's called depth-first processing --
105
282800
3000
ื–ื” ื’ื•ืจื ืœื›ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช -- ืžื” ืฉื ืงืจื ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืขื•ืžืง --
04:45
to focus, not be distracted.
106
285800
3000
ืœื”ืชืžืงื“, ืœื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืกื—ื™ื,
04:48
And I couldn't force myself across that.
107
288800
3000
ื•ืื ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื›ืจื™ื— ืืช ืขืฆืžื™ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืช ื–ื”.
04:51
Now some people can -- circus workers, steel workers.
108
291800
3000
ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื -- ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืงืจืงืก, ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืžืชื›ืช.
04:54
But it really changes the way you think.
109
294800
2000
ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ืžืฉื ื” ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื‘ื” ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื.
04:56
And then, a psychologist, Alice Isen,
110
296800
3000
ื•ืื–, ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช, ืืœื™ืก ืื™ืกืŸ,
04:59
did this wonderful experiment.
111
299800
2000
ืขืฉืชื” ืืช ื”ื ื™ืกื•ื™ ื”ื ืคืœื ื”ื–ื”.
05:01
She brought students in to solve problems.
112
301800
2000
ื”ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ืื” ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคืชื•ืจ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช
05:03
So, she'd bring people into the room,
113
303800
2000
ืื–, ื”ื™ื ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื—ื“ืจ,
05:05
and there'd be a string hanging down here
114
305800
2000
ื•ื”ื™ื” ื—ื•ื˜ ืชืœื•ื™ ืคื”
05:07
and a string hanging down here.
115
307800
2000
ื•ื—ื•ื˜ ืชืœื•ื™ ืคื”
05:09
It was an empty room, except for a table with a bunch of crap on it --
116
309800
3000
ื•ื—ื“ืจ ืจื™ืง, ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื•ืขืจืžื” ืฉืœ ื–ื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื• --
05:12
some papers and scissors and stuff.
117
312800
2000
ื›ืžื” ื ื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืžืกืคืจื™ื ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
05:14
And she'd bring them in,
118
314800
2000
ื•ื”ื™ื ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืื•ืชื,
05:16
and she'd say,
119
316800
2000
ื•ืืžืจื”,
05:18
"This is an IQ test and it determines how well you do in life.
120
318800
3000
"ื–ื” ืžื‘ื—ืŸ IQ ื•ื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ื“ืง ื›ืžื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ืชืฆืœื™ื—ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื.
05:21
Would you tie those two strings together?"
121
321800
3000
ื”ืื ืชืฆืœื™ื—ื• ืœืงืฉื•ืจ ืืช ืฉื ื™ ื”ื—ื•ื˜ื™ื?"
05:24
So they'd take one string and they'd pull it over here
122
324800
3000
ืื– ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ื—ื•ื˜ ืื—ื“ ื•ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื•ืฉื›ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืœืคื”
05:27
and they couldn't reach the other string.
123
327800
3000
ื•ื”ื ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื—ื•ื˜ ื”ืฉื ื™.
05:30
Still can't reach it.
124
330800
2000
ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœื™ื•.
05:32
And, basically, none of them could solve it.
125
332800
3000
ื•ืื–, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจื•ืŸ ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืœื ื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœืคืชื•ืจ ืืช ื–ื”.
05:35
You bring in a second group of people,
126
335800
3000
ืืชื ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉื ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื,
05:38
and you say, "Oh, before we start,
127
338800
3000
ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื, "ืื•, ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืืชื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื,
05:41
I got this box of candy, and I don't eat candy.
128
341800
3000
ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืงื•ืคืกืช ืกื•ื›ืจื™ื•ืช, ื•ืื ื™ ืœื ืื•ื›ืœืช ืกื•ื›ืจื™ื•ืช.
05:44
Would you like the box of candy?"
129
344800
2000
ืชืจืฆื• ืืช ืงื•ืคืกืช ื”ืกื•ื›ืจื™ื•ืช?"
05:46
And turns out they liked it, and it made them happy --
130
346800
3000
ื•ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื ืจืฆื• ืื•ืชื”, ื•ื–ื” ืขืฉื” ืื•ืชื ืฉืžื—ื™ื,
05:49
not very happy, but a little bit of happy.
131
349800
2000
ืœื ืžืื•ื“ ืฉืžื—ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ืงืฆืช ืฉืžื—ื™ื.
05:51
And guess what -- they solved the problem.
132
351800
2000
ื•ื ื—ืฉื• ืžื” -- ื”ื ืคืชืจื• ืืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื”.
05:53
And it turns out that when you're anxious
133
353800
3000
ื•ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื›ืฉืืชื ื—ืจื“ื™ื
05:56
you squirt neural transmitters in the brain, which focuses you
134
356800
3000
ืืชื ืžืฉืคืจื™ืฆื™ื ืžื•ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืขืฆื‘ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื•ื—, ืฉืžืžืงื“ื™ื ืืชื›ื
05:59
makes you depth-first.
135
359800
2000
ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืืชื›ื ืœืœืขื•ืžืง ืงื•ื“ื.
06:01
And when you're happy -- what we call positive valence --
136
361800
3000
ื•ื›ืฉืืชื ืฉืžื—ื™ื -- ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœื• ื›ื™ืžื™ื” ืฉืžื—ื” --
06:04
you squirt dopamine into the prefrontal lobes,
137
364800
2000
ืืชื ืžืฉืคืจื™ืฆื™ื ื“ื•ืคืžื™ืŸ ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืงื“ืžื™ื•ืช,
06:06
which makes you a breadth-first problem solver:
138
366800
2000
ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ืคืš ืืชื›ื ืœืคื•ืชืจื™ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืœืจื•ื—ื‘ ืงื•ื“ื
06:08
you're more susceptible to interruption; you do out-of-the-box thinking.
139
368800
3000
ืืชื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืคื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœื”ืคืจืขื•ืช, ืืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืงื•ืคืกื”.
06:11
That's what brainstorming is about, right?
140
371800
3000
ื–ื” ื‘ืจื™ื™ื ืกื˜ื•ืจืžื™ื ื’, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
06:14
With brainstorming we make you happy, we play games,
141
374800
3000
ืขื ื‘ืจื™ื ืกื˜ื•ืจืžื™ื ื’ ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืชื›ื ืฉืžื—ื™ื, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื,
06:17
and we say, "No criticism,"
142
377800
2000
ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื, "ื‘ืœื™ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช,"
06:19
and you get all these weird, neat ideas.
143
379800
2000
ื•ืืชื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื–ืจื™ื, ื”ื ื—ืžื“ื™ื ื”ืืœื”.
06:21
But in fact, if that's how you always were you'd never get any work done
144
381800
3000
ืื‘ืœ ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืื ื›ื›ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืชืžื™ื“ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืžืกืคื™ืงื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื›ืœืœ
06:24
because you'd be working along and say, "Oh, I got a new way of doing it."
145
384800
3000
ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื, "ืื•ื”, ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ื“ืจืš ื—ื“ืฉื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื”."
06:27
So to get work done, you've got to set a deadline, right?
146
387800
4000
ืื– ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
06:31
You've got be anxious.
147
391800
2000
ืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืฆื™ื.
06:33
The brain works differently
148
393800
2000
ืื– ื”ืžื•ื— ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืื—ืจืช
06:35
if you're happy. Things work better because you're more creative.
149
395800
3000
ื•ืื ืืชื ืฉืžื—ื™ื, ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื›ื™ ืืชื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื™ื
06:38
You get a little problem, you say, "Ah, I'll figure it out."
150
398800
3000
ืืชื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ืขื™ื” ืงื˜ื ื”, ืืชื ืื•ืžืจื™ื, "ืื”, ืื ื™ ืืคืชื•ืจ ืืช ื–ื”."
06:41
No big deal.
151
401800
2000
ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื”.
06:43
There's something I call the visceral level of processing, and there will be visceral-level design.
152
403800
3400
ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืื ื™ ืงื•ืจื ืœื• ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื”ืงืจื‘ื™ื™ื.
ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” -- ื”ืชืคืชื—ื ื• ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืœืื”ื•ื‘ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ื‘ื•ื”ืงื™ื.
06:47
Biology -- we have co-adapted through biology to like bright colors.
153
407240
4000
ื–ื” ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉืงื•ืคื™ ืื“ื ื•ื™ื•ื ืงื™ื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืคื™ืจื•ืช
06:51
That's especially good that mammals and primates like fruits
154
411240
4000
ื•ืฆืžื—ื™ื ื‘ื•ื”ืงื™ื, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืืชื ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืช
06:55
and bright plants, because you eat the fruit
155
415240
2000
ื•ื›ื›ื” ืžืคื™ืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ื–ืจืขื™ื.
06:57
and you thereby spread the seed.
156
417240
2000
ื™ืฉ ื›ืžื•ืช ืขืฆื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืžื•ื—.
06:59
There's an amazing amount of stuff that's built into the brain.
157
419240
3000
ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื’ืขืœื™ื ืžื˜ืขืžื™ื ืžืจื™ื, ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืจืขืฉื™ื ื—ื–ืงื™ื,
07:02
We dislike bitter tastes, we dislike loud sounds,
158
422240
3000
ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื˜ืžืคืจื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื•ืช, ืื• ืงืจื•ืช.
07:05
we dislike hot temperatures, cold temperatures.
159
425240
2000
ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืงื•ืœื•ืช ื’ื•ืขืจื™ื, ืื• ืคืจืฆื•ืคื™ื ื—ืžื•ืฆื™ื,
07:07
We dislike scolding voices. We dislike frowning faces;
160
427240
4000
ืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืคืจืฆื•ืคื™ื ืกื™ืžื˜ืจื™ื™ื, ื•ื›ื•' ื•ื›ื•'.
07:11
we like symmetrical faces, etc., etc.
161
431240
2000
ืื– ื–ื• ื”ืจืžื” ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช
ื•ื‘ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืข ืืช ืžื” ืฉื‘ืคื ื™ื ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช,
07:15
So that's the visceral level.
162
435640
2000
07:17
In design, you can express visceral in lots of ways,
163
437640
3000
ื›ืžื• ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ ืคื•ื ื˜ื™ื ื•ื‘ืื“ื•ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื—ื, ืžืจื’ืฉ.
07:20
like the choice of type fonts and the red for hot, exciting.
164
440640
5000
ืื• ื™ื’ื•ืืจ ืž1963.
ื–ื• ื‘ืขืฆื ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ื’ืจื•ืขื”, ืžืชืคืจืงืช ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ,
07:25
Or the 1963 Jaguar:
165
445640
2000
07:27
It's actually a crummy car, falls apart all the time,
166
447640
3000
ืื‘ืœ ื”ื‘ืขืœื™ื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื”.
ื•ื”ื™ื ื™ืคื™ืคื™ื” -- ื”ื™ื ื‘ืžื•ื–ื™ืื•ืŸ ืœืื•ืžื ื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช.
07:30
but the owners love it.
167
450640
2000
ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืง ืžื™ื.
07:32
And it's beautiful -- it's in the Museum of Modern Art.
168
452640
2000
ืืชื ืงื•ื ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืง, ืœื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืžื™ื.
07:34
A water bottle:
169
454640
2000
07:36
You buy it because of the bottle, not because of the water.
170
456640
3000
ื•ื›ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืžืกื™ื™ืžื™ื, ื”ื ืœื ืžืฉืœื™ื›ื™ื ืื•ืชื•
07:39
And when people are finished, they don't throw it away.
171
459640
3000
ื”ื ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ -- ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื–ื” ื›ืžื• ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืงื™ ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉื ื™ื, ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืื•ืชื ืœื“ืงื•ืจืฆื™ื”
07:42
They keep it for -- you know, it's like the old wine bottles, you keep it for decoration
172
462640
3000
ืื• ืื•ืœื™ ืœืžืœื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืžื™ื ืฉื•ื‘, ืžื” ืฉืžื•ื›ื™ื— ืฉื–ื” ืœื ื”ืžื™ื.
07:45
or maybe fill it with water again, which proves it's not the water.
173
465640
3000
ื–ื” ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื”ืจื’ืฉื” ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช.
07:48
It's all about the visceral experience.
174
468640
4000
ื”ืจืžื” ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ืช ืœื ื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื™ื ื”ืจืžื” ื”ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื™ืช
07:53
The middle level of processing is the behavioral level
175
473360
4000
ื•ื–ื” ื‘ืขื™ืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื ืขืฉื™ื.
ื”ืจืžื” ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืชืช ื”ื›ืจืชื™ืช, ืืชื ืœื ืžื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœื”
07:57
and that's actually where most of our stuff gets done.
176
477360
2000
ื”ืจืžื” ื”ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืชืช ื”ื›ืจืชื™ืช, ืืชื ืœื ืžื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœื”.
07:59
Visceral is subconscious, you're unaware of it.
177
479360
2000
08:01
Behavioral is subconscious, you're unaware of it.
178
481360
3000
ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื”ื•ื ืชืช ื”ื›ืจืชื™.
ืื ื™ ืžืชื”ืœืš ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืžื”, ืื ื™ ืœื ืฉื ืœื‘ ืœืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื‘ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื ืฉืœื™.
08:04
Almost everything we do is subconscious.
179
484360
2000
08:06
I'm walking around the stage -- I'm not attending to the control of my legs.
180
486360
4000
ืื ื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ื”ืจื‘ื”, ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœื™ ื”ื•ื ืชืช ื”ื›ืจืชื™,
08:10
I'm doing a lot; most of my talk is subconscious;
181
490360
3000
ื”ื•ื ืชื•ืจื’ืœ ื•ืขื‘ืจ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ ื”ืจื‘ื”.
ืจื•ื‘ ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื”ื•ื ืชืช ื”ื›ืจืชื™.
08:13
it has been rehearsed and thought about a lot.
182
493360
2000
ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ืช -- ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืžื™ื•ืžื ืช ื”ื™ื ืชืช ื”ื›ืจืชื™ืช,
08:15
Most of what we do is subconscious.
183
495360
2000
08:17
Automatic behavior -- skilled behavior -- is subconscious,
184
497360
3000
ื ืฉืœื˜ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฆื“ ื”ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื™.
ื•ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื™ ื”ื•ื ื›ื•ืœื• ืขืœ ื”ืจื’ืฉืช ืฉืœื™ื˜ื”,
08:20
controlled by the behavioral side.
185
500360
2000
08:22
And behavioral design is all about feeling in control,
186
502360
4000
ืžื” ืฉื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ื•ืช, ื”ื‘ื ื”,
08:26
which includes usability, understanding --
187
506360
3000
ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ืจื’ืฉ ื•ืžืฉืงืœ.
ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืกื›ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœ ื”ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื ื—ืžื“
08:29
but also the feel and heft.
188
509360
2000
ื”ื ืžืื•ื–ื ื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื˜ื•ื‘, ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื—ื“ื™ื,
08:31
That's why the Global knives are so neat.
189
511360
2000
ืืชื ื‘ืืžืช ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืฉืืชื ืฉื•ืœื˜ื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ืชื•ืš.
08:33
They're so nicely balanced, so sharp,
190
513360
2000
ืื• ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจื”
08:35
that you really feel you're in control of the cutting.
191
515360
2000
08:37
Or, just driving a high-performance sports car
192
517360
3040
ื‘ืขื™ืงื•ืœ ืžืกื•ื‘ืš,
08:40
over a demanding curb --
193
520440
2000
ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืฉืืชื ื‘ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืžืœืื” ื‘ืžืฆื‘.
08:42
again, feeling that you are in complete control of the environment.
194
522440
3000
ืื• ื”ื”ืจื’ืฉื” ื”ื—ื•ืฉื ื™ืช.
08:45
Or the sensual feeling.
195
525440
2000
ื–ื• ืžืงืœื—ืช ืฉืœ ืงื•ื”ืœืจ, ืžืงืœื—ืช ืžืคืœ,
08:47
This is a Kohler shower, a waterfall shower,
196
527440
2000
ื•ื‘ืขืฆื, ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ืœื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืœืžื˜ื” ื”ื ื’ื ืจืืฉื™ ืžืงืœื—ืช.
08:49
and actually, all those knobs beneath are also showerheads.
197
529440
3000
ื”ื™ื ืชืฉืคืจื™ืฅ ืขืœื™ื›ื ืžื›ืœ ื”ื›ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ื
08:52
It will squirt you all around
198
532440
2000
ื•ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื” ืฉืขื•ืช.
08:54
and you can stay in that shower for hours --
199
534440
2000
ื•ืœื ืœื‘ื–ื‘ื– ืžื™ื, ื“ืจืš ืื’ื‘,
08:56
and not waste water, by the way,
200
536440
2000
ื”ื™ื ืžืžื—ื–ืจืช ืืช ืื•ืชื ืžื™ื ืžืœื•ื›ืœื›ื™ื.
08:58
because it recirculates the same dirty water.
201
538440
2000
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
09:00
(Laughter)
202
540440
3000
ืื• ื–ื” -- ื–ื• ืงื•ืžืงื•ื ืžื’ื ื™ื‘ ืฉืžืฆืืชื™
09:03
Or this -- this is a really neat teapot I found
203
543440
2000
ื‘"ืชื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”" ื‘ืžืœื•ืŸ ืืจื‘ืข ื”ืขื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืงื’ื•.
09:05
at high tea at The Four Seasons Hotel in Chicago.
204
545440
4000
ื–ื• ืงื•ืžืงื•ื ื ื˜ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ืจื•ื ื ืคืœื“.
09:09
It's a Ronnefeldt tilting teapot.
205
549440
2000
ื–ื” ื‘ืขืจืš ืื™ืš ืฉื”ืงื•ืžืงื•ื ื ืจืื”
09:11
That's kind of what the teapot looks like
206
551440
2000
ืื‘ืœ ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉื‘ื” ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื• ื”ื™ื ืฉืžื ื™ื—ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืขืœ ื”ื’ื‘,
09:13
but the way you use it is you lay it on its back,
207
553440
4240
ื•ืžื›ื ื™ืกื™ื ืืœื™ื• ืชื”,
ื•ืื– ืžืžืœืื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืžื™ื
09:17
and you put tea in,
208
557720
2000
ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืžื™ื ืื– ืžื—ืœื—ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืชื”
09:19
and then you fill it with water.
209
559720
2000
09:21
The water then seeps over the tea.
210
561720
3000
ื•ื”ืชื” ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืฆื“ --
09:24
And the tea is sitting in this stuff to the right --
211
564720
3000
ื”ืชื” ื”ื•ื ืžื™ืžื™ืŸ ืœืงื• ื”ื–ื”.
ื™ืฉ ืกืฃ ืงื˜ืŸ ื‘ืคื ื™ื, ืื– ื”ืชื” ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื
09:27
the tea is to the right of this line.
212
567720
2000
ื•ื”ืžื™ื ืžืžืœืื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื›ื›ื”.
09:29
There's a little ledge inside, so the tea is sitting there
213
569720
2000
ื•ื›ืฉื”ืชื” ืžื•ื›ืŸ, ืื• ื›ืžืขื˜ ืžื•ื›ืŸ, ืžื˜ื™ื ืื•ืชื•.
09:31
and the water is filling it up like that.
214
571720
2000
09:33
And when the tea is ready, or almost ready, you tilt it.
215
573720
3000
ื•ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืชื” ืžื›ื•ืกื” ื—ืœืงื™ืช
09:36
And that means the tea is partially covered
216
576720
3000
ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืฉืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ืฉืœื•.
ื•ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื•ื›ืŸ, ืžื ื™ื—ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืื ื›ื™ืช,
09:39
while it completes the brewing.
217
579720
2000
ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ืชื” -- ืืชื ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื -- ืžืขืœ ื”ืงื•
09:41
And when it's finished, you put it vertically,
218
581720
2000
ื•ืจืง ื”ืžื™ื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืคื”
09:43
and now the tea is -- you remember -- above this line
219
583720
2000
09:45
and the water only comes to here --
220
585720
3000
ื•ื–ื” ืฉื•ืžืจ ืขืœ ื”ืชื” ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ
ื•ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื–ื”, ื”ื•ื ืžืชืงืฉืจ,
09:48
and so it keeps the tea out.
221
588720
2000
ืฉื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืจื’ืฉ ืขื•ืฉื”.
09:50
On top of that, it communicates,
222
590720
2000
ืจื’ืฉ ื”ื•ื ื›ื•ืœื• ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืžืฉื—ืง, ืจื’ืฉ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืืžืช ืžืฉื—ืง.
09:52
which is what emotion does.
223
592720
2000
09:54
Emotion is all about acting; emotion is really about acting.
224
594720
3000
ื–ื” ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
ื”ื›ืจื” ื”ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื, ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ื–ื” ืœืคืจืฉ ืื•ืชื•
09:57
It's being safe in the world.
225
597720
2000
09:59
Cognition is about understanding the world, emotion is about interpreting it --
226
599720
4000
ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ื˜ื•ื‘, ืจืข, ื‘ื˜ื•ื—, ืžืกื•ื›ืŸ,
ื•ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืคืขื•ืœื”, ื•ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื”ืฉืจื™ืจื™ื ื ืžืชื—ื™ื ื•ื ืจื’ืขื™ื,
10:03
saying good, bad, safe, dangerous,
227
603720
2000
10:05
and getting us ready to act, which is why the muscles tense or relax.
228
605720
3000
ื•ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืืช ื”ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื—ืจื™ื,
10:08
And that's why we can tell the emotion of somebody else --
229
608720
4000
ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืฉืจื™ืจื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ืคื•ืขืœื™ื, ืชืช ื”ื›ืจืชื™ืช,
ืจืง ืฉื”ืชืคืชื—ื ื• ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ืฉืจื™ืจื™ ื”ืคื ื™ื ืœืžืœืื™ ื”ื‘ืขื”.
10:12
because their muscles are acting, subconsciously,
230
612720
2000
10:14
except that we've evolved to make the facial muscles really rich with emotion.
231
614720
6000
ืื–, ืœื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืจื’ืฉ ืื ืชืจืฆื•,
ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืื•ืชืช ืœืžืœืฆืจ, "ื”ื™ื™, ืื ื™ ืจื™ืง. ืจื•ืื” -- ื ื™ืฆื‘."
10:20
Well, this has emotions if you like,
232
620720
2000
10:22
because it signals the waiter that, "Hey, I'm finished. See -- upright."
233
622720
4000
ื•ื”ืžืœืฆืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ื•ื ื•ืœื”ื’ื™ื“, "ืชืจืฆื• ืขื•ื“ ืžื™ื?"
10:26
And the waiter can come by and say, "Would you like more water?"
234
626720
3000
ื–ื” ื ื—ืžื“. ืื™ื–ื” ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื ืคืœื.
ื•ื”ืจืžื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ืงื•ืคื™ืช,
10:29
It's kind of neat. What a wonderful design.
235
629720
2000
10:31
And the third level is reflective,
236
631720
4000
ืฉื–ื”, ืื ืืชื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ืื’ื•,
10:35
which is, if you like the superego,
237
635720
4000
ื—ืœืง ืงื˜ืŸ ื‘ืžื•ื— ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื,
10:39
it's a little part of the brain that has no control over what you do,
238
639720
3000
ืื™ืŸ ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืขืœ -- ืœื ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืฉื™ื,
10:42
no control over the -- doesn't see the senses,
239
642720
4000
ืœื ืฉื•ืœื˜ ื‘ืฉืจื™ืจื™ื.
ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื™ื˜ ื‘ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื”.
10:46
doesn't control the muscles.
240
646720
2000
ื–ื” ื”ืงื•ืœ ื”ืงื˜ืŸ ื‘ืจืืฉ ืฉืœื ื•.
10:48
It looks over what's going on.
241
648720
2000
ืฉืžื‘ื™ื˜ ื•ืื•ืžืจ, "ื–ื” ื˜ื•ื‘. ื–ื” ืจืข."
10:50
It's that little voice in your head
242
650720
2000
ืื• "ืœืžื” ืืชื” ืขื•ืฉื” ืืช ื–ื”? ืื ื™ ืœื ืžื‘ื™ืŸ."
10:52
that's watching and saying, "That's good. That's bad."
243
652720
2000
ื–ื” ื”ืงื•ืœ ื”ืงื˜ืŸ ื‘ืจืืฉ ืฉืœื›ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื•ืฉื‘ ื”ืชื•ื“ืขื”.
10:54
Or, "Why are you doing that? I don't understand."
244
654720
2000
ื”ื ื” ืžื•ืฆืจ ืžืฉืงืฃ ื ืคืœื.
10:56
It's that little voice in your head that's the seat of consciousness.
245
656720
3480
ื”ื‘ืขืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืืžืจ ืืžืจื•, "ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืœื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื
11:00
Here's a great reflective product.
246
660240
3000
ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืืงื–ื•ื˜ื™ื•ืช,
11:03
Owners of the Hummer have said, "You know I've owned many cars in my life --
247
663240
4000
ืื‘ืœ ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืžืฉื›ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื‘."
11:07
all sorts of exotic cars,
248
667240
2000
ื–ื” ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœืชื“ืžื™ืช ืฉืœื”ื,
11:09
but never have I had a car that attracted so much attention."
249
669240
3000
ื–ื” ืœื ืขืœ ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช.
ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ืื ืชืจืฆื• ืžื•ื“ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™,
11:13
It's about attention. It's about their image,
250
673840
5040
ื–ื• ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ GM.
ื•ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืื•ืœื™ ืชืงื ื• ืื•ืชื” ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื™ื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืื›ืคืช ืœื›ื ืžื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”
ื•ืชืงื ื• ืื•ืชื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”,
11:18
not about the car.
251
678920
2000
ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžืžืฉ ื™ืงืจื•ืช
11:20
If you want a more positive model --
252
680920
2000
11:22
this is the GM car.
253
682920
2000
ื•ืœื ืžื•ืฉืœืžื•ืช.
11:24
And the reason you might buy it now is because you care about the environment.
254
684920
2000
ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ื–ื” ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืžืฉืงืฃ.
11:26
And you'll buy it to protect the environment,
255
686920
2000
ืื• ืฉืขื•ืŸ ื™ืงืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืจืฉื™ื ืื ืฉื™ื,
11:28
even though the first few cars are going to be really expensive
256
688920
3000
ืฉื™ืืžืจื• " ืื•, ืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืš ืฉืขื•ืŸ ื›ื–ื”."
11:31
and not perfected.
257
691920
2000
ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื–ื”,
11:33
But that's reflective design as well.
258
693920
2000
ืฉื”ื•ื ืฉืขื•ืŸ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื™ ืœื’ืžืจื™,
11:35
Or an expensive watch, so you can impress people --
259
695920
2000
ืฉื‘ื˜ื— ื™ืจืื” ื–ืžืŸ ืžื“ื•ื™ื™ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืฉืขื•ืŸ ื‘13000 ื“ื•ืœืจ ืฉื”ืจืืชื™ ืœื›ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื•.
11:37
"Oh gee, I didn't know you had that watch."
260
697920
3000
ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืžื›ื•ืขืจ.
11:40
As opposed to this one,
261
700920
2000
ื–ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืฉืขื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืŸ ื ื•ืจืžืŸ.
11:42
which is a pure behavioral watch,
262
702920
2000
ื•ืžื” ืฉื™ืคื” ื”ื•ื ืฉืœืคืขืžื™ื ืฉืžื™ื ืจื’ืฉ ืื—ื“ ืžื•ืœ ืื—ืจ,
11:44
which probably keeps better time than the $13,000 watch I just showed you.
263
704920
3000
ื”ืจื’ืฉ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืฉืœ ื ืคื™ืœื”
11:47
But it's ugly.
264
707920
2000
ืžื•ืœ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืžืฉืงืฃ ืฉืื•ืžืจ " ื–ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ื–ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ื–ื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื—, ื–ื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื—."
11:49
This is a clear Don Norman watch.
265
709920
2000
11:51
And what's neat is sometimes you pit one emotion against the other,
266
711920
3000
ืื ืคืืจืง ื”ืฉืขืฉื•ืขื™ื ื”ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื—ืœื•ื“ ื•ืžืชืคืจืง, ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืขื•ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžืชืงื ื™ื.
11:54
the visceral fear of falling
267
714920
3000
11:57
against the reflective state saying, "It's OK. It's OK. It's safe. It's safe."
268
717920
5000
ืื–, ื–ื” ืœืฉื™ื ืื—ื“ ืžื•ืœ ื”ืฉื ื™.
ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื ื—ืžื“ ื”ืฉื ื™
12:02
If that amusement park were rusty and falling apart, you'd never go on the ride.
269
722920
4000
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
12:06
So, it's pitting one against the other.
270
726920
3000
ืื– ื’'ื™ื™ืง ืงืจืก ื”ื•ื ื™ืฆืจืŸ ื”ืจื”ื™ื˜ื™ื ื”ื–ื”,
ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืืช ื”ืกื˜ ื”ืžื“ื”ื™ื ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืจื”ื™ื˜ื™ื.
12:12
The other neat thing ...
271
732000
3000
ื•ื–ื” ื”ื›ื™ืกื ืฉืœื• ืขื ื™ื“,
12:15
(Laughter)
272
735000
4000
ื•ื”ื›ืกื ื”ืงื˜ืŸ ื”ืžืกื›ืŸ ืื™ื‘ื“ ืืช ื”ื›ื“ื•ืจ ืฉืœื•
ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื ืกื” ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื™ืจื’ื™ืฉ.
12:19
So Jake Cress is this furniture maker,
273
739000
3000
12:22
and he makes this unbelievable set of furniture.
274
742000
3000
ื•ืžื” ืฉื›ืœ ื›ืš ื™ืคื” ื‘ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืื™ืš ืฉืืชื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ.
12:25
And this is his chair with claw,
275
745000
2000
ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื™ืคื” ื‘ืจื’ืฉื•ืช.
12:27
and the poor little chair has lost its ball
276
747000
3000
ืื– ื–ื” ื”ืื ื™ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ.
12:30
and it's trying to get it back before anybody notices.
277
750000
3000
ืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืจืง ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ื™ื ืžืขื›ืฉื™ื•.
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
12:34
And what's so neat about it is how you accept that story.
278
754000
4000
(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
12:38
And that's what's nice about emotion.
279
758000
3000
12:41
So that's the new me.
280
761000
2000
12:43
I'm only saying positive things from now on.
281
763000
2000
12:45
(Laughter)
282
765000
1000
12:46
(Applause)
283
766000
3000
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7