Jon Nguyen: Tour the solar system from home

8,691 views ใƒป 2015-07-15

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Orr Schlesinger ืžื‘ืงืจ: Sigal Tifferet
00:12
As a kid, I was fascinated with all things air and space.
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ื›ื™ืœื“, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืจื•ืชืง ืžื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื•ื—ืœืœ.
00:17
I would watch Nova on PBS.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฆื•ืคื” ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื—ืœืœ ื‘ื˜ืœื•ื™ื–ื™ื”.
00:19
Our school would show Bill Nye the Science Guy.
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ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื™ื” ืžืจืื” ืืช ื‘ื™ืœ ื ื™ื™ ืื™ืฉ ื”ืžื“ืข.
00:22
When I was in elementary school, my next door neighbor,
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ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ื™, ื”ืฉื›ืŸ ืฉืœื™,
00:26
he gave me a book for my birthday.
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ื”ื•ื ื ืชืŸ ืœื™ ืกืคืจ ืœื™ื•ื ื”ื•ืœื“ืชื™.
00:28
It was an astronomy book,
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืกืคืจ ืืกื˜ืจื•ื ื•ืžื™ื”,
00:29
and I poured over that thing for hours on end,
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ื•ืขื‘ืจืชื™ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉืขื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืงืฅ,
00:32
and it was a combination of all these things
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื•
00:35
that inspired me to pursue space exploration
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ืฉืขื•ืจืจ ื‘ื™ ื”ืฉืจืื” ืœืจื“ื•ืฃ ืื—ืจ ื—ืงืจ ื”ื—ืœืœ
00:38
as my own personal dream, and part of that dream was,
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ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื”ื—ืœื•ื ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœื™, ื•ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื—ืœื•ื ื”ื–ื” ื”ื™ื”,
00:43
I always wanted to just fly around the solar system
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ืชืžื™ื“ ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœืขื•ืฃ ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฉืžืฉ
00:45
and visit different planets and visit moons and spacecraft.
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ื•ืœื‘ืงืจ ืคืœื ื˜ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืœื‘ืงืจ ื™ืจื—ื™ื ื•ื—ืœืœื™ื•ืช.
00:49
Well, a number of years later, I graduated from UCLA
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื ื™ื ืื—ืจ ื›ืš, ืกื™ื™ืžืชื™ ืืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืœื•ืก-ืื ื’'ืœืก
00:54
and I found myself at NASA,
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ื•ืžืฆืืชื™ ืืช ืขืฆืžื™ ื‘ื ืืก"ื,
00:56
working for the jet propulsion laboratory,
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ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืขื‘ื“ืช ื“ื—ืฃ ื”ืกื™ืœื•ืŸ,
00:58
and there our team was challenged
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ื•ืฉื ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืื•ืชื’ืจ
01:01
to create a 3D visualization of the solar system,
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ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ื“ืžื™ื™ืช ืชืœืช ืžื™ืžื“ ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฉืžืฉ,
01:05
and today I want to show you what we've done so far.
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ื•ื”ื™ื•ื ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื›ื ืžื” ืขืฉื™ื ื• ืขื“ ื›ื”.
01:09
Now, the kicker is, everything I'm about to do here
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื’ื•ืœืช ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื™ื, ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืืŸ
01:12
you can do at home, because we built this
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช, ื›ื™ ื‘ื ื™ื ื• ืืช ื–ื”
01:16
for the public for you guys to use.
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ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ืขื‘ื•ืจื›ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ.
01:19
So what you're looking at right now is the Earth.
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ืื– ืžื” ืฉืืชื ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœื™ื• ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื•ื ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ.
01:21
You can see the United States and California
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื•ืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื”
01:23
and San Diego, and you can use the mouse
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ื•ืกืืŸ-ื“ื™ืื’ื•, ื•ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืขื›ื‘ืจ
01:25
or the keyboard to spin things around.
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ืื• ื‘ืžืงืœื“ืช ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกื•ื‘ื‘ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
01:28
Now, this isn't new. Anyone who's used Google Earth
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื–ื” ืœื ื—ื“ืฉ. ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื’ื•ื’ืœ ืืจื˜'
01:31
has seen this before, but one thing we like to say
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ืจืื” ื–ืืช ื‘ืขื‘ืจ, ืื‘ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืืžืจ
01:34
in our group is, we do the opposite of Google Earth.
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ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื•ื, ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืคืš ืžื’ื•ื’ืœ ืืจื˜'.
01:38
Google Earth goes from this view down to your backyard.
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ื’ื•ื’ืœ ืืจื˜' ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืžื”ื–ื•ื•ื™ืช ื”ื–ื• ืžื˜ื”, ืœืขื‘ืจ ื”ื—ืฆืจ ื”ืื—ื•ืจื™ืช ืฉืœื›ื.
01:42
We go from this view out to the stars.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื”ื–ื•ื•ื™ืช ื”ื–ื• ืืœ ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื.
01:45
So the Earth is cool, but what we really want to show
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ืื– ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ ืžื’ื ื™ื‘, ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืืžืช ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ืจืื•ืช
01:48
are the spacecraft,
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ื”ื ืจื›ื‘ื™ ื”ื—ืœืœ,
01:50
so I'm going to bring the interface back up,
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ืื– ืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืฉื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืžืžืฉืง,
01:53
and now you're looking at a number of satellites
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ื•ืืชื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืžื‘ื™ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ืœื•ื•ื™ื ื™ื
01:56
orbiting the Earth.
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ื”ืžืงื™ืคื™ื ืืช ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ.
01:57
These are a number of our science space Earth orbiters.
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ืืœื• ืžืกืคืจ ืœื•ื•ื™ื ื™ื ืžื“ืขื™ื™ื ื”ืžืงื™ืคื™ื ืืช ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ.
02:00
We haven't included military satellites and weather satellites
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ืœื ื›ืœืœื ื• ืœื•ื•ื™ื ื™ื ืฆื‘ืื™ื™ื ื•ืœื•ื•ื™ื ื™ ื—ื™ื–ื•ื™ ืžื–ื’ ืื•ื•ื™ืจ
02:02
and communication satellites and reconnaissance satellites.
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ื•ืœื•ื•ื™ื ื™ ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื•ืœื•ื•ื™ื ื™ ืจื™ื’ื•ืœ.
02:04
If we did, it would be a complete mess,
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ืื™ืœื• ืขืฉื™ื ื• ื–ืืช, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืœื’ืŸ ืฉืœื,
02:07
because there's a lot of stuff out there.
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ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ.
02:09
And the cool thing is, we actually created 3D models
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ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžื’ื ื™ื‘ ื”ื•ื, ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืืžืช ื™ืฆืจื ื• ืžื•ื“ืœื™ื ืชืœืช-ืžืžื“ื™ื™ื
02:13
for a number of these spacecraft, so if you want to visit
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ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืกืคืจ ืžืจื›ื‘ื™ ื”ื—ืœืœ ื”ืืœื•, ืื– ืื ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื‘ืงืจ
02:16
any of these, all you need to do is double-click on them.
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ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื, ื›ืœ ืฉืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืœื‘ืฆืข ืœื—ื™ืฆื” ื›ืคื•ืœื” ืขืœื™ื”ื.
02:19
So I'm going to find the International Space Station,
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ืื– ืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ืชื—ื ืช ื”ื—ืœืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช,
02:22
double-click, and it will take us all the way down to the ISS.
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ืœื—ื™ืฆื” ื›ืคื•ืœื”, ื•ื–ื” ื™ืงื— ืื•ืชื ื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืžื˜ื” ืืœ ืชื—ื ืช ื”ื—ืœืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช.
02:27
And now you're riding along with the ISS
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ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืืชื ืจื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ื“ืจืš ืขื ืชื—ื ืช ื”ื—ืœืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช
02:30
where it is right now.
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ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื•.
02:33
And the other cool thing is, not only can we
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ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžื’ื ื™ื‘ ื”ื ื•ืกืฃ ื”ื•ื, ืœื ืจืง ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื
02:35
move the camera around, we can also control time,
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ืœื”ื–ื™ื– ืืช ื”ืžืฆืœืžื”, ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ,
02:38
so I can slide this jog dial here
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ืื– ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืง ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื’ื” ื›ืืŸ
02:40
to shuttle time forward, and now
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ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื ื™ืข ืืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืงื“ื™ืžื”, ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื•
02:42
we can see what a sunset on the ISS would look like,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืื™ืš ืฉืงื™ืขื” ื‘ืชื—ื ืช ื”ื—ืœืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืชื™ืจืื”,
02:47
and they get one every 90 minutes. (Laughter)
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ื•ื”ื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืื—ืช ื›ืœ 90 ื“ืงื•ืช. (ืฆื—ื•ืง)
02:52
All right, so what about the rest of it?
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ื˜ื•ื‘, ืื– ืžื” ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื›ืœ ื”ืฉืืจ?
02:55
Well, I can click on this home button over here,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืœื—ื•ืฅ ืขืœ ื›ืคืชื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื–ื” ื›ืืŸ,
02:57
and that will take us up to the inner solar system,
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ื•ื–ื” ื™ืงื— ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฉืžืฉ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช,
03:00
and now we're looking at the rest of the solar system.
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ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื‘ื™ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืฉืืจ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฉืžืฉ.
03:03
You can see, there's Saturn, there's Jupiter,
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช, ื”ื ื” ืฉื‘ืชืื™, ื”ื ื” ืฆื“ืง,
03:05
and while we're here, I want to point out something.
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ื•ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืืŸ, ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ืžืฉื”ื•.
03:08
It's actually pretty busy.
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ื–ื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ื“ื™ ืขืžื•ืก.
03:11
Here we have the Mars Science Laboratory
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ื›ืืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ืžืขื‘ื“ืช ื”ืžื“ืข ืฉืœ ืžืื“ื™ื
03:13
on its way to Mars, just launched last weekend.
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ื‘ื“ืจื›ื” ืœืžืื“ื™ื, ืฉื•ื’ืจื” ืจืง ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืฉืขื‘ืจ.
03:15
Here we have Juno on its cruise to Jupiter, there.
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ื›ืืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ื’'ื•ื ื• ื‘ืžืกืขื• ืœืฆื“ืง, ื”ื ื”.
03:19
We have Dawn orbiting Vesta,
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ื“ื•ืŸ ืžืงื™ืฃ ืืช ื•ืกื˜ื”,
03:21
and we have over here New Horizons
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื›ืืŸ ืืช ื ื™ื• ื”ื•ืจื™ื™ื–ื ืก
03:23
on a straight shot to Pluto.
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ื‘ื“ืจืš ื™ืฉื™ืจื” ืœืคืœื•ื˜ื•.
03:26
And I mention this because
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ื–ื” ื›ื™
03:28
there's this strange public perception that
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ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืกื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื”ืžื•ื–ืจื” ื”ื–ื•
03:31
NASA's dead, that the space shuttles stopped flying
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ืฉื ืืก"ื ืžืชื”, ืฉืžืขื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ื—ืœืœ ื”ืคืกื™ืงื• ืœืขื•ืฃ
03:33
and all of the sudden there's no more spacecraft out there.
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ื•ืœืคืชืข ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ื“ ืจื›ื‘ื™ ื—ืœืœ ืฉื ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ.
03:36
Well, a lot of what NASA does is robotic exploration,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืžื” ืฉื ืืก"ื ืขื•ืฉื” ื”ื•ื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืฉ ืจื•ื‘ื•ื˜ื™,
03:41
and we have a lot of spacecraft out there.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืจื›ื‘ื™ ื—ืœืœ ืฉื ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ.
03:43
Granted, we're not sending humans up at the moment,
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ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืฉื•ืœื—ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ืœืžืขืœื” ื›ืจื’ืข,
03:45
well at least with our own launch vehicles,
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ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืœื ืขื ืจื›ื‘ื™ ื”ืฉื™ื’ื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื•,
03:48
but NASA is far from dead,
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ืื‘ืœ ื ืืก"ื ืจื—ื•ืงื” ืžืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื”,
03:50
and one of the reasons why we write a program like this
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ื•ืื—ืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ื ืชื•ื›ื ื” ื›ืžื• ื–ื•
03:54
is so that people realize that there's so many other things
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ื”ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื™ืชืคืกื• ืฉื™ืฉ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื
03:56
that we're doing.
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ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื.
03:58
Anyway, while we're here, again,
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื”, ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืืŸ, ืฉื•ื‘,
04:00
if you want to visit anything,
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ืื ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื‘ืงืจ ืžืฉื”ื•,
04:02
all you need to do is double-click.
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ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืœื—ื™ืฆื” ื›ืคื•ืœื”.
04:04
So I'm just going to double-click on Vesta,
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ืื– ืื ื™ ืจืง ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื‘ืฆืข ืœื—ื™ืฆื” ื›ืคื•ืœื” ืขืœ ื•ืกื˜ื”,
04:06
and here we have Dawn orbiting Vesta,
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ื•ื›ืืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ื“ื•ืŸ ืžืงื™ืฃ ืืช ื•ืกื˜ื”,
04:10
and this is happening right now.
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ื•ื–ื” ืงื•ืจื” ืžืžืฉ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•.
04:12
I'm going to double-click on Uranus, and we can see
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ืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืœื—ื•ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ืื•ืจื ื•ืก, ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช
04:17
Uranus rotating on its side along with its moons.
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ืื•ืจื ื•ืก ืกื•ื‘ื‘ ืขืœ ืฆื™ื“ื• ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื™ืจื—ื™ื•.
04:20
You can see how it's tilted at about 89 degrees.
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืื™ืš ื”ื•ื ื ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ืขืจืš ื‘89 ืžืขืœื•ืช.
04:24
And just being able to visit different places
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ื•ืจืง ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื
04:28
and go through different times,
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ื•ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื“ืจืš ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื,
04:29
we have data from 1950 to 2050.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืž1950 ืขื“ 2050.
04:32
Granted, we don't have everything in between,
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ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ,
04:34
because some of the data is hard to get.
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ื›ื™ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืงืฉื” ืœื”ืฉื’ื”.
04:36
Just being able to visit places in different times,
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ืจืง ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื‘ืงืจ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื‘ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื,
04:40
you can explore this for hours,
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ืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉืขื•ืช,
04:44
literally hours on end,
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ืžืžืฉ ืฉืขื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืงืฅ,
04:46
but I want to show you one thing in particular,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื›ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“,
04:48
so I'm going to open up the destination tab,
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ืื– ืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืคืชื•ื— ืืช ืœืฉื•ื ื™ืช ื”ื™ืขื“ื™ื,
04:51
spacecraft outer planet missions, Voyager 1,
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ืจื›ื‘ื™ ื—ืœืœ ื‘ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ื—ื•ืฅ-ืคืœื ื˜ืจื™ื•ืช, ื•ื•ื™ืื’'ืจ 1,
04:54
and I'm going to bring up the Titan flyby.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื˜ื™ื˜ืืŸ.
04:57
So now we've gone back in time.
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ืื– ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื ื ื•ืข ืœืื—ื•ืจ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ.
05:00
We're now riding along with Voyager 1.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื•ื•ื™ืื’'ืจ 1.
05:03
The date here is November 11, 1980.
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ื”ืชืืจื™ืš ื›ืืŸ ื”ื•ื ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 11, 1980.
05:06
Now, there's a funny thing going on here.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื™ืฉ ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืฉืขืฉืข ืฉืžืชืจื—ืฉ ื›ืืŸ,
05:09
It doesn't look like anything's going on.
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ื–ื” ืœื ื ืจืื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ืžืฉื”ื• ืงื•ืจื”.
05:11
It looks like I've paused the program.
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ื–ื” ื ืจืื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ืขืฆืจืชื™ ืืช ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื”.
05:13
It's actually running at real rate right now,
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ื–ื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ืจืฅ ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ืืžื™ืชื™ ื›ืจื’ืข,
05:15
one second per second, and in fact,
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ืฉื ื™ื” ืื—ืจ ืฉื ื™ื”, ืœืžืขืฉื”,
05:17
Voyager 1 here is flying by Titan at
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ื•ื•ื™ืื’'ืจ 1 ื›ืืŸ ืขืคื” ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื˜ื™ื˜ืืŸ
05:21
I think it's 38,000 miles per hour.
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ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘, 61,200 ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉืขื”.
05:25
It only looks like nothing's moving because, well,
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ื–ื” ืจืง ื ืจืื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื–ื– ื›ื™, ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ,
05:27
Saturn here is 700,000 miles away,
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ืฉื‘ืชืื™ ื›ืืŸ ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืžืจื—ืง ืฉืœ 1,130,000 ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจื™ื,
05:30
and Titan here is 4,000 to 5,000 miles away.
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ื•ื˜ื™ื˜ืืŸ ื›ืืŸ ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืžืจื—ืง ืฉืœ 6,500 ืขื“ 8,000 ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจื™ื
05:33
It's just the vastness of space makes it look like nothing's happening.
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ื–ื” ืจืง ื”ืขื ืงื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืœืœ ืฉื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœื–ื” ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ื›ืื™ืœื• ื›ืœื•ื ืœื ืงื•ืจื”.
05:37
But to make it more interesting,
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื–ื” ืœื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ,
05:39
I'm going to speed up time, and we can watch
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ืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื”ืื™ืฅ ืืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฆืคื•ืช
05:42
as Voyager 1 flies by Titan,
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ื‘ื•ื•ื™ืื’'ืจ 1 ืขืฃ ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื˜ื™ื˜ืืŸ,
05:44
which is a hazy moon of Saturn.
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ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ืจื— ืžื˜ื•ืฉื˜ืฉ ืฉืœ ืฉื‘ืชืื™.
05:47
It actually has a very thick atmosphere.
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ืœืžืขืฉื” ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืื˜ืžื•ืกืคื™ืจื” ืขื‘ื” ืžืื•ื“.
05:49
And I'm going to recenter the camera on Saturn, here.
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ืื ื™ ืืžืงื“ ืฉื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืžืฆืœืžื” ืขืœ ืฉื‘ืชืื™, ื›ืืŸ.
05:52
I'm going to pull out, and I want to show you
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ืื ื™ ืืชืจื—ืง, ื•ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื›ื
05:56
Voyager 1 as it flies by Saturn.
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ืืช ื•ื•ื™ืื’'ืจ 1 ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ื—ื•ืœืคืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืฉื‘ืชืื™.
05:59
There's a point to be made here.
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ื™ืฉ ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ื›ืืŸ.
06:02
With a 3D visualization like this,
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ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื”ื“ืžื™ื” ืชืœืช ืžื™ืžื“ื™ืช ื›ื–ืืช,
06:04
we can not only just say Voyager 1 flew by Saturn.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื ืจืง ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืฉื•ื•ื™ืื’'ืจ 1 ื—ืœืคื” ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืฉื‘ืชืื™.
06:08
There's a whole story to tell here.
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ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœื.
06:10
And even better, because it's an interactive application,
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ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื–ื• ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื” ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช,
06:13
you can tell the story for yourself.
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืกืคืจ ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื‘ืขืฆืžื›ื.
06:15
If you want to pause it, you can pause it.
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ืื ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืขืฆื•ืจ, ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื.
06:17
If you want to keep going, if you want to change
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ืื ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš, ืื ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืฉื ื•ืช
06:18
the camera angle, you can do that,
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ืืช ื–ื•ื•ื™ืช ื”ืฆื™ืœื•ื, ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื,
06:21
and because of that, I can show you
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ื•ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื–ื”, ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื›ื
06:23
that Voyager 1 doesn't just fly by Saturn.
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ืœื ืจืง ืฉื•ื•ื™ืื’'ืจ 1 ื—ื•ืœืคืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืฉื‘ืชืื™.
06:26
It actually flies underneath Saturn.
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ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ื™ื ื—ื•ืœืคืช ืžืชื—ืช ืœืฉื‘ืชืื™.
06:30
Now, what happens is, as it flies underneath Saturn,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื–ื” ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื ื—ื•ืœืคืช ืžืชื—ืช ืœืฉื‘ืชืื™,
06:33
Saturn grabs it gravitationally and flings it up
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ืฉื‘ืชืื™ ืชื•ืคืก ืืช ื”ื—ืœืœื™ืช ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื›ื— ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืฉืœื• ื•ืžื ื™ืฃ ืื•ืชื” ืœืžืขืœื”
06:36
and out of the solar system,
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ื•ื”ื—ื•ืฆื” ืžืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฉืžืฉ,
06:38
so if I just keep letting this go,
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ื›ืš ืฉืื ืืชืŸ ืœื–ื” ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš,
06:41
you can see Voyager 1 fly up like that.
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ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื•ื•ื™ืื’'ืจ 1 ืขืคื” ื›ืœืคื™ ืžืขืœื”.
06:46
And, in fact, I'm going to go back to the solar system.
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ื•ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฉืžืฉ.
06:48
I'm going to go back to today, now,
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื”ื™ื•ื, ืœืขื›ืฉื™ื•,
06:51
and I want to show you where Voyager 1 is.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื›ื ืื™ืคื” ื ืžืฆืืช ื•ื•ื™ืื’'ืจ 1.
06:55
Right there, above, way above the solar system,
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ื›ืืŸ, ืžืขืœ, ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืขืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฉืžืฉ,
06:59
way beyond our solar system.
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฉืžืฉ ืฉืœื ื•.
07:02
And here's the thing. Now you know how it got there.
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ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื™ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืœืฉื.
07:05
Now you know why, and to me,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœืžื”, ื•ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™,
07:06
that's the point of this program.
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ื–ื• ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื” ื”ื–ื•.
07:08
You can manipulate it yourself.
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื” ื›ืจืฆื•ื ื›ื.
07:11
You can fly around yourself and you can learn for yourself.
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขื•ืฃ ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื•ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ืขืฆืžื›ื.
07:15
You know, the theme today is "The World In Your Grasp."
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื•ื "ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื• ื‘ื›ืฃ ื™ื“ืš."
07:18
Well, we're trying to give you
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื ืกื™ื ืœืชืช ืœื›ื
07:19
the solar system in your grasp โ€” (Laughter) โ€”
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ืืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฉืžืฉ ื‘ื›ืฃ ื™ื“ื›ื -- (ืฆื—ื•ืง) --
07:21
and we hope once it's there,
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ื•ืื ื• ืžืงื•ื•ื™ื ืฉื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉื”ื™ื ืฉื,
07:23
you'll be able to learn for yourself
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ืืชื ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืขืฆืžื›ื
07:25
what we've done out there, and what we're about to do.
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ืžื” ืฉืขืฉื™ื ื• ืฉื ื‘ื—ืœืœ, ื•ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช.
07:27
And my personal dream is for kids to take this
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ื”ื—ืœื•ื ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœื™ ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ืœื“ื™ื ื™ืงื—ื• ืืช ื–ื”
07:31
and explore and see the wonders out there
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ื•ื™ื—ืงืจื• ืืช ื”ื ืคืœืื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืฉื ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ
07:33
and be inspired, as I was as a kid,
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ื•ื™ืงื‘ืœื• ื”ืฉืจืื”, ื›ืžื• ืฉืื ื™ ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ืœื“,
07:36
to pursue STEM education
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ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื™ืจืฆื• ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ื™ื“ืข ื‘ืžื“ืข ื•ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”
07:38
and to pursue a dream in space exploration.
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ื•ืœืจื“ื•ืฃ ืื—ืจ ื”ื—ืœื•ื ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ื—ืงืจ ื”ื—ืœืœ.
07:41
Thank you. (Applause)
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”. (ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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