Xavier Vilalta: Architecture at home in its community

83,065 views ใƒป 2013-10-25

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Boaz Hovav ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:12
My work focuses on the connection of
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ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ ืžืชืžืงื“ืช ื‘ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ
00:15
both thinking about our community life
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ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉืœื ื•
00:18
being part of the environment
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ื›ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”
00:20
where architecture grows from the natural
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ื’ื“ืœื” ืžืชื•ืš
00:22
local conditions and traditions.
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ืชื ืื™ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืกื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช.
00:25
Today I brought two recent projects
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ืื ื™ ืืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ื”ื™ื•ื ืฉืชื™ ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช
00:28
as an example of this.
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ืฉืžืฆื™ื’ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื”ื–ื”.
00:30
Both projects are in emerging countries,
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ืฉื ื™ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื”ืชื‘ืฆืขื• ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืžืชืคืชื—ื•ืช,
00:32
one in Ethiopia and another one in Tunisia.
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ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืืชื™ื•ืคื™ื” ื•ื”ืฉื ื™ ื‘ืชื•ื ื™ืก.
00:35
And also they have in common
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ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื•ืกืฃ ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ืœืฉื ื™ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื
00:37
that the different analyses from different perspectives
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ืฉื ื“ืจืฉื” ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืจื‘ ืžื™ืžื“ื™ืช
00:40
becomes an essential part of the final piece of architecture.
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ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืœืคื•ืขืœ ืืช ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ื ื™ ื”ืกื•ืคื™.
00:44
The first example started with an invitation
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ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื—ืœื” ื‘ื”ื–ืžื ื” ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™
00:47
to design a multistory shopping mall
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ืœืขืฆื‘ ืžืจื›ื– ืงื ื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ ืงื•ืžืชื™
00:49
in Ethiopia's capital city Addis Ababa.
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ื‘ื‘ื™ืจืช ืืชื™ื•ืคื™ื” ืื“ื™ืก ืื‘ื‘ื”.
00:51
And this is the type of building
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ื•ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ืฉืœืคื ื™ื›ื
00:54
we were shown as an example, to my team and myself,
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ื”ื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื ื• ื›ื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ืœืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืœื™ ื•ืœื™,
00:57
of what we had to design.
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ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉ.
00:59
At first, the first thing I thought was,
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ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืขื‘ืจื” ื‘ืžื•ื—ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื”
01:01
I want to run away.
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ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืžื™ื“ ืžื”ืžืงื•ื.
01:03
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
01:05
After seeing a few of these buildings --
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ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืจืื™ืชื™ ืžืกืคืจ ืžื‘ื ื™ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื --
01:07
there are many in the city --
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ื™ืฉ ืจื‘ื™ื ื›ืืœื” ื‘ืื“ื™ืก ืื‘ื‘ื” --
01:09
we realized that they have three very big points.
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ื”ื‘ื ื• ืฉื”ื ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžืฉืœื•ืฉ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืขื™ืงืจื™ื•ืช.
01:12
First, these buildings, they are almost empty
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ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ื”ืžื‘ื ื™ื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื›ืžืขื˜ ืจื™ืงื™ื
01:14
because they have very large shops
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ืžืื“
01:16
where people cannot afford to buy things.
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ื•ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื™ืงืจื™ื ืžื“ื™ ืœืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ.
01:19
Second, they need tons of energy to perform
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ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื”, ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฆื•ืจื›ื™ื ื›ืžื•ืช ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืขืฆื•ืžื”
01:22
because of the skin treatment with glass
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ื‘ืฉืœ ืฆื™ืคื•ื™ ื”ื–ื›ื•ื›ื™ืช ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™
01:24
that creates heat in the inside,
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ื ื•ืฆืจ ื—ื•ื ืจื‘ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืžื‘ื ื”
01:26
and then you need a lot of cooling.
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ื•ื ื“ืจืฉื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืžื™ื–ื•ื’ ื—ื–ืงื•ืช.
01:28
In a city where this shouldn't happen
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ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืžื™ื–ื•ื’ ื‘ืื“ื™ืก ืื‘ื‘ื”
01:30
because they have really mild weather
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ืžื–ื’ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื ื•ื— ืžืื“
01:32
that ranges from 20 to 25 degrees the whole year.
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ื•ื ืข ื‘ื™ืŸ 20 ืœ- 25 ืžืขืœื•ืช ืฆืœืกื™ื•ืก ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื ื”.
01:35
And third is that their image has nothing to do
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ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉืœื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืจืื” ืฉื”ืชืื™ื
01:39
with Africa and with Ethiopia.
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ืœืืคืจื™ืงื” ืื• ืœืืชื™ื•ืคื™ื”.
01:41
It is a pity in a place that has such rich culture and traditions.
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ื”ืคืกื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืœืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขื ืขื•ืฉืจ ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ ื•ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ ืขืฉื™ืจ ื›ืœ ื›ืš.
01:46
Also during our first visit to Ethiopia,
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ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื›ืš, ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™ ื‘ืืชื™ื•ืคื™ื”,
01:49
I was really captivated by the old merkato
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ื”ื•ืงืกืžืชื™ ืžืžืจืื” ื”ืฉื•ืง ื”ื™ืฉืŸ
01:51
that is this open-air structure
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ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื•ืง ืคืชื•ื—
01:54
where thousands of people, they go and buy things
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ื‘ื• ืืœืคื™ ืงื•ื ื™ื ืจื•ื›ืฉื™ื ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื
01:55
every day from small vendors.
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ืžื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช.
01:58
And also it has this idea of the public space
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ื”ืฉื•ืง ืžืฆื™ื’ ืชืคื™ืกื” ืฉืœ ื—ืœืœ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™
02:00
that uses the outdoors to create activity.
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ืฉื ืžืฆื ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ื•ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช.
02:03
So I thought, this is what I really want to design,
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ื›ืš ืฉื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืขืฆื‘ ืžื‘ื ื” ื“ื•ืžื”,
02:07
not a shopping mall.
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ื•ืœื ืžืจื›ื– ืงื ื™ื•ืช ืจื’ื™ืœ.
02:08
But the question was how we could do a multistory,
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ืื•ืœื ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ืžื‘ื ื” ืจื‘ ืงื•ืžืชื™,
02:12
contemporary building with these principles.
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ื‘ืขืœ ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืขื›ืฉื•ื•ื™ ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืฉื•ืง ื”ื™ืฉืŸ?
02:15
The next challenge was when we looked at the site,
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ื”ืืชื’ืจ ื”ื‘ื ื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื›ืฉืจืื™ื ื• ืืช ืืชืจ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื”,
02:17
that is, in a really growing area of the city,
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ืฉืžื•ืงื ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ืžืชืคืชื— ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ืจ,
02:20
where most of these buildings that you see in the image,
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ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื”
02:22
they were not there.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ.
02:24
And it's also between two parallel streets
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ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืงื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื
02:26
that don't have any connection for hundreds of meters.
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ืœืœื ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ื‘ื™ื ื ืœืื•ืจืš ืžืื•ืช ืžื˜ืจื™ื.
02:29
So the first thing we did was to create a connection
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ื›ืš ืฉื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื™ืฆืจื ื• ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ
02:32
between these two streets,
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช,
02:34
putting all the entrances of the building.
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ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืžืงืžื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื•ืช ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•.
02:36
And this extends with an inclined atrium
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ื”ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ื”ื•ืœ ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืžื•ื˜ื”
02:39
that creates an open-air space in the building
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ืฉื™ืฆืจ ื—ืœืœ ืคืชื•ื— ื‘ื›ื ื™ืกื•ืช ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ
02:41
that self-protects itself with its own shape
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ืฉืžื’ืŸ ื‘ืžื‘ื ื”ื• ืขืœ ืฉืืจ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ
02:44
from the sun and the rain.
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ืžื›ื ื™ืกืช ืฉืžืฉ ื•ื’ืฉื.
02:46
And around this void
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ื•ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœื—ืœืœ ื”ื–ื”
02:47
we placed this idea of the market with small shops,
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ื‘ื ื™ื ื• ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ื›ืคื™ ืฉืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉื•ืง,
02:51
that change in each floor because of the shape of the void.
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ื‘ืžื‘ื ื” ืฉื”ืฉืชื ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืงื•ืžื” ื‘ืฉืœ ืฆื•ืจืช ื”ื—ืœืœ.
02:54
I also thought, how to close the building?
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ืฉืืœื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉืขืœืชื” ืขืกืงื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืœืกื’ื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ.
02:57
And I really wanted to find a solution
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ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืžืื“ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืคืชืจื•ืŸ
02:59
that would respond to the local climate conditions.
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ืฉื™ื’ื™ื‘ ืœืชื ืื™ ื”ืืงืœื™ื ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื.
03:02
And I started thinking about the textile
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ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืžื‘ื ื” ืฉืœ ืืจื™ื’
03:04
like a shell made of concrete
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ื›ืžื• ืงืœื™ืคื” ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืžื‘ื˜ื•ืŸ
03:06
with perforations that would let the air in,
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ืขื ืคืชื—ื™ื ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจื• ื–ืจื™ืžืช ืื•ื™ืจ ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช
03:10
and also the light, but in a filtered way.
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ื•ื™ืชื ื• ืœืื•ืจ ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก, ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืกื•ื ื ืช.
03:12
And then the inspiration came from these beautiful patterns of the Ethiopian women's dresses.
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ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืจืื” ื”ืกื•ืคื™ืช ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื›ืคืชื•ืจื™ื ื™ืคื”ืคื™ื™ื ืฉืžืฉื•ื‘ืฆื™ื ื‘ืฉืžืœื•ืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืชื™ื•ืคื™ื•ืช.
03:18
That they have fractal geometry properties
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ื”ื ืžืื•ืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื’ืื•ืžื˜ืจื™ื” ืคืจืืงื˜ืœื™ืช
03:20
and this helped me to shape the whole facade.
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ื•ื”ื ืกื™ื™ืขื• ืœื™ ืœืขืฆื‘ ืืช ื—ื–ื™ืช ื”ืžื‘ื ื”.
03:22
And we are building that
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื•ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื‘ื ื”
03:24
with these small prefabricated pieces
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ืžื—ืœืงื™ื ื˜ืจื•ืžื™ื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื
03:26
that are the windows that let the air and the light
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ืฉื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ืœื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืžื›ื ื™ืกื™ื ืื•ื™ืจ ื•ืื•ืจ
03:30
in a controlled way inside the building.
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ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžื‘ื•ืงืจืช ืืœ ืชื•ืš ื”ืžื‘ื ื”.
03:32
And this is complemented by these small colored glasses
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ืœื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื ื• ื‘ื–ื›ื•ื›ื™ืช ืฆื‘ืขื•ื ื™ืช
03:34
that use the light from the inside of the building
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ืฉืžืฉืชืžืฉืช ื‘ืชืื•ืจืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช
03:37
to light up the building at night.
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ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ืื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ืžื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ื‘ืœื™ืœื•ืช.
03:39
With these ideas it was not easy first to convince the developers
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ื”ื™ื” ืงืฉื” ืœืฉื›ื ืข ืืช ืžืคืชื—ื™ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื”
03:44
because they were like,
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื ืืžืจื•:
03:45
"This is not a shopping mall. We didn't ask for that."
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"ื›ื›ื” ืœื ื ืจืื” ืžืจื›ื– ืงื ื™ื•ืช, ื–ื” ืœื ืžื” ืฉื‘ื™ืงืฉื ื•."
03:47
But then we all realized that this idea of the market
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ืื‘ืœ ืื–, ื”ื‘ื ื• ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื›ื™ ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ืฉื•ืง
03:53
happened to be a lot more profitable than the idea of the shopping mall
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ืฆืคื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืžื‘ื ื” ืฉื ืจืื” ื›ืžื• ืžืจื›ื– ืงื ื™ื•ืช ืžืขืจื‘ื™
03:56
because basically they had more shops to sell.
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ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช.
03:59
And also that the idea of the facade was much, much cheaper,
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ื•ื’ื ืฉื”ื—ื–ื™ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ืชื”ื™ื™ื” ื–ื•ืœื” ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื”,
04:03
not only because of the material compared with the glass,
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ืœื ืจืง ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื–ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื–ื›ื•ื›ื™ืช,
04:05
but also because we didn't need to have air conditioning anymore.
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ืืœื ื’ื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื™ื–ื•ื’ ืื•ื™ืจ.
04:08
So we created some budget savings
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ื›ืš ืฉืฆืžืฆืžื ื• ืืช ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ
04:10
that we used to implement the project.
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ื•ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื ื• ื‘ื›ืกืคื™ื ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืืช ืฉืืจ ื—ืœืงื™ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜.
04:12
And the first implementation was to think
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ื”ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืขืกืง ื‘ืฉืืœื”
04:14
about how we could make the building self-sufficient in terms of energy
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ืื™ืš ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขืฆืžืื™ ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืื ืจื’ื˜ื™ืช
04:17
in a city that has electricity cuts almost every day.
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ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืฉืกื•ื‘ืœืช ืžื”ืคืกืงื•ืช ื—ืฉืžืœ ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืช.
04:20
So we created a huge asset by placing photovoltaics there on the roof.
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ืื– ื‘ื ื™ื ื• ืžืขืจื›ืช ืฉืœ ืงื•ืœื˜ื™ ืฉืžืฉ ืคื•ื˜ื•ืืœืงื˜ืจื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื’ื’ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ.
04:24
And then under those panels
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ื•ืžืชื—ืช ืœืงื•ืœื˜ื™ ื”ืฉืžืฉ
04:27
we thought about the roof like a new public space with gathering areas and bars
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ื™ืฆืจื ื• ื—ืœืœ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืฉื™ืฉืžืฉ ืœืคื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื•ืœื‘ืืจื™ื
04:30
that would create this urban oasis.
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ื›ืš ืฉื™ื•ืฆืจ ื ื•ื•ื” ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™.
04:33
And these porches on the roof,
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ื”ืžื‘ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื’ื’,
04:35
all together they collect the water to reuse for sanitation on the inside.
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ื’ื ืื•ืกืคื™ื ืžื™ ื’ืฉืžื™ื ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืฉืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ.
04:40
Hopefully by the beginning of next year, because we are already on the fifth floor of the construction.
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ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืฉื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ื‘ืื” ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืฉืœื, ื›ื™ ื›ืจื’ืข ื”ื ื‘ื•ื ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืงื•ืžื” ื”ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ืช.
04:45
The second example is a master plan
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ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืœ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืื‘
04:48
of 2,000 apartments and facilities in the city of Tunis.
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ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืช 2,000 ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืžื‘ื ื™ ืžืกื—ืจ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืชื•ื ื™ืก.
04:51
And for doing such a big project, the biggest project I've ever designed,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื›ื–ื”, ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืชื›ื ื ืชื™,
04:55
I really needed to understand the city of Tunis,
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ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืขื™ืจ ืชื•ื ื™ืก,
04:57
but also its surroundings and the tradition and culture.
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ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ืืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœื” ื•ืืช ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช.
05:01
During that analysis I paid special attention to the medina
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ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืชืจืฉืžื•ืช ืžื”ืขื™ืจ, ืฉืžืชื™ ืœื‘ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœืžึตื“ื™ื ื”
05:05
that is this 1,000-year-old structure that used to be closed by a wall,
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ืžื‘ื ื” ื‘ืŸ ืืœืฃ ืฉื ื” ืฉื”ื•ืงืฃ ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืžื•ืช,
05:09
opened by twelve different gates, connected by almost straight lines.
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ืขื 12 ืฉืขืจื™ื ืฉืงื•ืฉืจื• ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืžืขื˜ ื™ืฉืจื™ื.
05:13
When I went to the site, the first design operation we did
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ื›ืฉื”ื’ืขื ื• ืœืืชืจ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”, ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”
05:17
was to extend the existing streets, creating 12 initial blocks
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ื”ืจื—ื‘ื ื• ืืช ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื, ืœื™ืฆื™ืจืช 12 ื’ื•ืฉื™ ื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื
05:21
similar in size and characteristics to the ones we have in Barcelona
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ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื•ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœื’ื•ืฉื™ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื‘ืจืฆืœื•ื ื”
05:25
and other cities in Europe with these courtyards.
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ื•ืขืจื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื” ื‘ื”ื ื™ืฉ ื—ืฆืจื•ืช.
05:28
On top of that, we selected some strategic points
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ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื›ืš, ื‘ื—ืจื ื• ืžืกืคืจ ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช
05:30
reminded of this idea of the gates and connecting them by straight lines,
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ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืขืจื™ื, ื•ืงื™ืฉืจื ื• ืื•ืชื ื‘ืงื•ื•ื™ื ื™ืฉืจื™ื
05:34
and this modified this initial pattern.
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ื•ื›ืš ื ื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™.
05:36
And the last operation was to think about the cell,
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ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื—ืฉื‘ื ื• ืขืœ ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื”ืชืื™ื,
05:39
the small cell of the project, like the apartment,
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ื”ืชืื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜, ื›ืžื• ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื,
05:41
as an essential part of the master plan.
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ืฉืžื”ื•ื•ื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืื‘.
05:43
And for that I thought, what would be the best orientation
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ืœืฉื ื›ืœ ื ื™ืกื™ืชื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘, ืžื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
05:46
in the Mediterranean climate for an apartment?
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ืœื“ื™ืจื” ื‘ืžื–ื’ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื”ื™ื ืชื™ื›ื•ื ื™?
05:49
And it's north-south, because it creates a thermal difference between both sides of the house
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ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืคื•ื ื•ืช ืฆืคื•ื ื” ื•ื“ืจื•ืžื”, ื•ื™ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ ื˜ืžืคืจื˜ื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฆื™ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช
05:53
and then a natural ventilation.
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ืฉืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ืœื–ืจื™ืžืช ืื•ื™ืจ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช.
05:56
So we overlap a pattern that makes sure that most of the apartments
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ื›ืš ืฉื™ืฆืจื ื• ืชื‘ื ื™ืช ื‘ื” ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื“ื™ืจื•ืช
06:00
are perfectly oriented in that direction.
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ื ืžืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
06:02
And this is the result
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ื•ื–ื• ื”ืชื•ืฆืื”
06:04
that is almost like a combination of the European block and the Arab city.
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ื–ื” ืžืžืฉ ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื•ืฉ ื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืื™ืจื•ืคืื™ ืœืขื™ืจ ืขืจื‘ื™ืช.
06:07
It has these blocks with courtyards,
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ื”ื•ื ืžื›ื™ืœ ื’ื•ืฉื™ ื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืขื ื—ืฆืจ
06:09
and then on the ground floor
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ื•ื‘ืงื•ืžืช ื”ืงืจืงืข
06:10
you have all these connections for the pedestrians.
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ื™ืฉ ืžืขื‘ืจื™ื ืœื”ื•ืœื›ื™ ืจื’ืœ.
06:12
And also it responds to the local regulations that establish
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ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืชืื™ื ื’ื ืœื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื” ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื
06:15
a higher density on the upper levels and a lower density on the ground floor.
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ืฉื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื‘ืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช ื ืžื•ื›ื” ื‘ืงื•ืžืช ื”ืงืจืงืข.
06:19
And it also reinforces this idea of the gates.
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ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ื’ื ืžื—ื–ืง ืืช ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ ื”ืฉืขืจื™ื.
06:22
The volume has this connecting shape
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ืœื—ืœืœ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืžื‘ื ื” ืžืงืฉืจ
06:24
that shades itself with three different types of apartments
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ืฉืžืฆืœ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืขื ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืกื•ื’ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื“ื™ืจื•ืช
06:28
and also lets the light go on the ground floor in a very dense neighborhood
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ื•ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืื•ืจ ืœื—ื“ื•ืจ ืœืงื•ืžืช ื”ืงืจืงืข ื’ื ื‘ืฉื›ื•ื ื” ืฆืคื•ืคื”.
06:31
And in the courtyards there are the different facilities,
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ื‘ื—ืฆืจื•ืช ืžื™ืงืžื ื• ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืžืชืงื ื™ื
06:34
such as a gym and a kindergarten
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ื›ืžื• ื—ื“ืจื™ ื›ื•ืฉืจ ื•ื’ื ื™ ื™ืœื“ื™ื
06:36
and close by, a series of commercial [spaces] that bring activity to the ground floor.
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ื•ืœื™ื“ื, ืžื‘ื ื™ื ืžืกื—ืจื™ื™ื ืฉืžื•ืฉื›ื™ื ืืช ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืืœ ืงื•ืžืช ื”ืงืจืงืข.
06:40
The roof, which is my favorite space of the project
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ื”ื’ื’, ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ ืขืœื™ ื‘ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜,
06:43
is almost like giving back to the community the space taken by the construction.
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ืžื—ื–ื™ืจ ืœืงื”ื™ืœื” ืืช ื”ืžืจื—ื‘ ืฉืœืงื—ื• ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื.
06:46
And it's where all the neighbors, they can go up and socialize,
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ื›ืืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืฉื›ื ื™ื ืœื”ืชืืกืฃ ื•ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ืื—ื“ ืืช ื”ืฉื ื™,
06:49
and do activities such as having a two-kilometer run in the morning,
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ื•ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืจื™ืฆื” ืฉืœ 2 ืง"ืž ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ,
06:52
jumping from one building to another.
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ืชื•ืš ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืžื‘ื ื™ืŸ ืื—ื“ ืœืื—ืจ.
06:56
These two examples,
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ืฉืชื™ ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ื”ืืœื•,
06:58
they have a common approach in the design process.
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ืžืฆื™ื’ื•ืช ืืช ืื•ืชื” ื’ื™ืฉื” ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ื™ืช.
07:01
And also, they are in emerging countries where you can see
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ืฉืชื™ื”ืŸ ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืžืชืคืชื—ื•ืช,
07:04
the cities literally growing.
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ื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ืขืจื™ื ื ืžืฆืื•ืช ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”.
07:06
In these cities, the impact of architecture in people's lives of today and tomorrow
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ื‘ืขืจื™ื ืืœื•, ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืฉืœ ื”ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ ื”ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื ื•ืžื—ืจ
07:11
changes the local communities and economies at the same speed as the buildings grow.
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ื•ืžืฉื ื” ืืช ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื•ื”ืžืกื—ืจ ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื”ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ื ื™.
07:16
For this reason, I see even more importance
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ืžืกื™ื‘ื” ื–ื•, ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืืฃ ื™ื•ืชืจ
07:19
to look at architecture finding simple but affordable solutions
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ืœื”ื‘ื™ื˜ ื‘ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื”ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืคืฉื•ื˜ื™ื ื•ื–ื•ืœื™ื
07:24
that enhance the relationship between the community and the environment
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ืฉืžื—ื–ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืœืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”
07:28
and that aim to connect nature and people.
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ื•ืžืงืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื“ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข.
07:32
Thank you very much.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืœื›ื.
07:34
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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