Tiny satellites that photograph the entire planet, every day | Will Marshall

Prevoditelj: Stjepan Mateljan Recezent: Ivan Stamenković

The Earth needs no introduction.

Zemlju ne treba predstavljati

It needs no introduction in part because the Apollo 17 astronauts,

Ne treba ju predstavljati djelomično stoga što su astronauti Apola 17,

when they were hurtling around the moon in 1972,

dok su se 1972. vrtjeli oko Mjeseca,

took this iconic image.

snimili ovu slavnu sliku.

It galvanized a whole generation of human beings

Potakla je cijelu generaciju ljudskih bića

to realize that we're on Spaceship Earth,

da shvate kako smo na Svemirskom brodu Zemlji,

fragile and finite as it is,

krhkom i konačnom kakav jest,

and that we need to take care of it.

I da se trebamo pobrinuti za nju.

But while this picture is beautiful, it's static,

Ali iako je ova slika prekrasna, statična je

and the Earth is constantly changing.

a Zemlja se stalno mijenja.

It's changing on days' time scales with human activity.

Mijenja se otprilike kojom je brzinom mijenjaju i ljudske aktivnosti.

And the satellite imagery we have of it today is old.

Satelitske snimke koje imamo danas su stare.

Typically, years old.

Tipično, godinama stare.

And that's important because you can't fix what you can't see.

A to je bitno jer ne možete popraviti ono što ne možete vidjeti.

What we'd ideally want is images of the whole planet every day.

Što bismo idealno željeli su slike cijelog planeta svaki dan

So, what's standing in our way?

Dakle, što nam stoji na putu?

What's the problem?

Što je problem?

This is the problem:

To je problem:

Satellites are big, expensive and they're slow.

Sateliti su veliki, skupi i spori.

This one weighs three tons.

Ovaj je težak tri tone.

It's six meters tall, four meters wide.

Visok je šest metara, širok četiri.

It took up the entire fairing of a rocket just to launch it.

Potreban je cijeli prtljažni prostor rakete samo da ga se lansira.

One satellite, one rocket.

Jedan satelit, jedna raketa.

It cost 855 million dollars.

Košta 855 milijuna dolara.

Satellites like these have done an amazing job

Sateliti poput ovoga su napravili zapanjujuć posao

at helping us to understand our planet.

pomažući nam da shvatimo svoj planet.

But if we want to understand it much more regularly,

Ali ako ga želimo shvatiti puno redovitije,

we need lots of satellites,

trebamo puno satelita,

and this model isn't scalable.

i ovaj model nije skalabilan.

So me and my friends, we started Planet Labs

Pa smo ja i moji prijatelji, osnovali smo Planet Labs

to make satellites ultra-compact

da napravimo satelite ultra kompaktnima

and small and highly capable.

i malima i jako sposobnima.

I'm going to show you what our satellite looks like:

Pokazat ću vam kako naš satelit izgleda:

This is our satellite.

Ovo je naš satelit.

This is not a scale model,

Ovo nije umanjeni model,

this is the real size.

ovo je prava veličina.

It's 10 by 10 by 30 centimeters,

To je 10x10x30 centimetara,

it weighs four kilograms,

teži četiri kilograma,

and we've stuffed the latest and greatest electronics

i napunili smo najnoviju i najbolju elektroniku

and sensor systems into this little package

i sustave senzora u ovaj mali paket

so that even though this is really small,

Tako da iako je zbilja malen,

this can take pictures 10 times the resolution of the big satellite here,

ovaj može uzimati slike 10 puta veće rezolucije od tog velikog satelita,

even though it weighs one thousandth of the mass.

iako teži svega tisućinu njegove mase.

And we call this satellite "Dove" — Thank you.

I zovemo ovaj satelit "Golubica" — Hvala vam.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

We call this satellite "Dove,"

Zovemo ovaj satelit "Golubica",

and we call it "Dove" because satellites are typically named

a zovemo ga "Golubica" jer sateliti tipično dobijaju imena

after birds, but normally birds of prey:

po pticama, ali normalno po grabljivicama:

like Eagle, Hawk, Swoop, Kill, I don't know,

kao Orao, Jastreb, Sokol, Škanjac, ne znam,

Kestrel, these sort of things.

Kliktavac, ta vrsta stvari.

But ours have a humanitarian mission,

Ali naši imaju humanitarnu misiju,

so we wanted to call them Doves.

pa smo ih željeli nazvati Golubice.

And we haven't just built them, though.

I nismo ih samo sagradili.

We've launched them.

Lansirali smo ih.

And not just one, but many.

I ne samo jednog, već puno.

It all started in our garage.

Sve je počelo u našoj garaži.

Yes, we built our first satellite prototype in our garage.

Da, naš prvi prototip satelita sagradili smo u našoj garaži.

Now, this is pretty normal for a Silicon Valley company that we are,

Sad, to je poprilično normalno za kompaniju iz Silicijske doline što i jesmo,

but we believe it's the first time for a space company.

Ali vjerujemo da je to prvi put za svemirsku kompaniju.

And that's not the only trick we learned from Silicon Valley.

A to nije jedini trik koji smo naučili od Silicijske doline.

We rapidly prototype our satellites.

Brzo izrađujemo prototipe naših satelita.

We use "release early, release often" on our software.

Koristimo "objavi rano, objavi često" na našem softveru.

And we take a different risk approach.

I drugačije pristupamo riziku.

We take them outside and test them.

Iznosimo ih van i testiramo ih.

We even put satellites in space just to test the satellites,

Čak i stavljamo satelite u svemir samo da testiramo satelite,

and we've learned to manufacture our satellites at scale.

i naučili smo proizvoditi naše satelite u mjerilu.

We've used modern production techniques

Koristili smo moderne tehnike proizvodnje

so we can build large numbers of them,

da bismo ih mogli sagraditi velik broj,

I think for the first time.

mislim po prvi put.

We call it agile aerospace,

Zovemo to okretan zračno-svemirski,

and that's what's enabled us to put so much capability into this little box.

i to je ono što nam je omogućilo da stavimo toliku moć u ovu malu kutiju.

Now, what has bonded our team over the years

Sad, ono što je povezivalo naš tim tijekom godina

is the idea of democratizing access to satellite information.

je ideja demokratizacije pristupa satelitskim informacijama.

In fact, the founders of our company, Chris, Robbie and I,

Zapravo, utemeljitelji naše kompanije, Chris, Robbie i ja,

we met over 15 years ago at the United Nations

upoznali smo se prije više od 15 godina pri Ujedinjenim narodima

when they were hosting a conference about exactly that question:

kada su imali konferenciju o točno tom pitanju:

How do you use satellites to help humanity?

Kako koristiti satelite kao pomoć čovječanstvu?

How do you use satellites to help people in developing countries

Kako koristiti satelite kao pomoć ljudima u zemljama u razvoju

or with climate change?

ili sa klimatskim promjenama?

And this is what has bonded us.

I to nas je povezalo.

Our entire team is passionate about using satellites to help humanity.

Sav je naš tim strastven oko korištenja satelita kao pomoći čovječanstvu.

You could say we're space geeks,

Možete reći da smo svemirski geekovi,

but not only do we care about what's up there,

ali nije samo da nam je stalo do onog što je gore,

we care about what's down here, too.

stalo nam je i do onog što je dolje.

I'm going to show you a video

Pokazat ću vam snimku

from just four weeks ago of two of our satellites

Od prije samo četiri tjedna, dva naša satelita

being launched from the International Space Station.

bivaju lansirani iz Međunarodne svemirske postaje.

This is not an animation,

Ovo nije animacija,

this is a video taken by the astronaut looking out of the window.

ovo je snimka koju je snimio astronaut gledajući kroz prozor

It gives you a bit of a sense of scale of our two satellites.

Daje vam malo osjećaja razmjera naša dva satelita.

It's like some of the smallest satellites ever

To je poput nekih od najmanjih satelita ikad

are being launched from the biggest satellite ever.

koji su lansirani sa najvećeg satelita ikad.

And right at the end, the solar array glints in the sun.

I posve na kraju, solarna ploča ljesne Sunce.

It's really cool. Wait for it.

Super je. Čekajte na to.

Boom! Yeah. It's the money shot.

Bum! Da. To je pogodak u sridu.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

So we didn't just launch two of them like this,

Nismo ih lansirali samo dva kao ovdje,

we launched 28 of them.

lansirali smo ih 28.

It's the largest constellation of Earth-imaging satellites in human history,

To je najveći raspored satelita za snimanje Zemlje u povijesti,

and it's going to provide a completely radical new data set

i podarit će nam potpuno radikalan novi set podataka

about our changing planet.

o našem mijenjajućem planetu.

But that's just the beginning.

Ali to je samo početak.

You see, we're going to launch more than 100 of these satellites

Vidite, lansirat ćemo više od 100 ovih satelita

like these over the course of the next year.

poput ovih tijekom slijedeće godine.

It's going to be the largest constellation of satellites in human history.

To će biti najveći raspored satelita u ljudskoj povijesti.

And this is what it's going to do:

A ovo je što će raditi:

Acting in a single-orbit plane that stays fixed with respect to the sun,

Djelujući u ravni jedinstvene orbite koja ostaje nepomična u odnosu na Sunce,

the Earth rotates underneath.

Zemlja rotira ispod.

They're all cameras pointed down,

Svi su oni kamere usmjerene dolje,

and they slowly scan across as the Earth rotates underneath.

i polako skeniraju poprijeko kako Zemlja rotira ispod.

The Earth rotates every 24 hours,

Zemlja rotira svakih 24 sata,

so we scan every point on the planet every 24 hours.

tako da mi skeniramo svaku točku na planetu svakih 24 sata.

It's a line scanner for the planet.

To je planetarni linijski skener.

We don't take a picture of anywhere on the planet every day,

Ne uzimamo snimke negdje na planeti svaki dan,

we take a picture of every single place on the planet every day.

Uzimamo snimke svugdje na planeti svaki dan.

Even though we launched these just a couple of weeks ago,

Iako smo ove lansirali tek prije par tjedana,

we've already got some initial imagery from the satellites

već smo dobili neke početne slike od satelita

and I'm going to show it publicly for the first time right now.

i pokazat ću ih javno po prvi put upravo sada.

This is the very first picture taken by our satellite.

Ovo je prva slika snimljena iz našeg satelita.

It happened to be over UC-Davis' campus

Dogodilo se da je bio iznad kampusa UC-Davis

in California when we turned the camera on.

u Kaliforniji kad smo uključili kameru.

But what's even cooler is when

Ali još je veća fora kada

we compare it to the previous latest image of that area,

ju usporedimo sa prethodnom najnovijom slikom područja,

which was taken many months ago.

koja je bila snimljena puno mjeseci ranije.

And the image on the left is from our satellite,

Slika lijevo je s našeg satelita,

and we see buildings are being built.

i vidimo kako zgrade bivaju sagrađene.

The general point is that we will be able to track urban growth as it happens

Glavna ideja je da ćemo moći pratiti urbani rast kako se događa

around the whole world in all cities, every day.

oko cijelog svijeta, u svim gradovima, svaki dan.

Water as well.

Vodu također.

Thank you.

Hvala vam.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)

We'll be able to see the extent of all water bodies

Biti ćemo u mogućnosti gledati obujam vodenih tijela

around the whole world every day and help water security.

oko cijelog svijeta svaki dan i pomoći vodnoj sigurnosti.

From water security to food security.

Od vodne sigurnosti do prehrambene sigurnosti.

We'll see crops as they grow in all the fields

Gledati ćemo usjeve kako rastu po poljima

in every farmer's field around the planet every day.

i polju svakog farmera širom planeta svaki dan.

and help them to improve crop yield.

Te im pomoći da poboljšaju prinos usjeva.

This is a beautiful image that was taken

Ovo je prelijepa slika koja je snimljena

just a few hours ago when the satellite was flying over Argentina.

prije samo nekoliko sati kad je satelit letio iznad Argentine.

The general point is

Glavni je smisao

there are probably hundreds and thousands of applications of this data,

kako ima možda vjerojatno stotine i tisuće primjena ovih podataka,

I've mentioned a few, but there's others:

spomenuo sam nekoliko, ali ima i drugih:

deforestation, the ice caps melting.

krčenje šuma, otapanje polarnih kapa.

We can track all of these things, every tree on the planet every day.

Možemo pratiti sve te stvari, svako drvo na planetu svaki dan.

If you took the difference between today's image and yesterday's image,

Ako bi uočili razliku između današnje snimke i jučerašnje,

you'd see much of the world news — you'd see floods and fires and earthquakes.

vidjeli bi većinu svjetskih novosti — vidjeli bi poplave i požare i potrese.

And we have decided, therefore, that the best thing that we could do with our data

Stoga smo odlučili kako je najbolja stvar koju možemo učiniti sa našim podacima

is to ensure universal access to it.

je učiniti ih dostupnim svima.

We want to ensure everyone can see it.

Želimo osigurati da ih svatko može vidjeti.

Thank you. (Applause)

Hvala vam. (Pljesak)

We want to empower NGOs and companies and scientists and journalists

Želimo omogućiti nevladinim organizacijama i kompanijama i znanstvenicima i novinarima

to be able to answer the questions that they have about the planet.

da budu sposobni odgovoriti na pitanja koja imaju o planetu.

We want to enable the developer community to run their apps on our data.

Želimo osposobiti razvojnu zajednicu da vrti svoje aplikacije na našim podacima.

In short, we want to democratize access to information about our planet.

Ukratko, želimo demokratizirati pristup informacijama o našem planetu.

Which brings me back to this.

Što me vraća natrag na ovo.

You see, this will be an entirely new global data set.

Vidite, ovo će biti posve nov globalni skup podataka.

And we believe that together,

I mi vjerujemo da zajedno,

we can help to take care of our Spaceship Earth.

možemo pomoći pobrinuti se za svemirski brod Zemlju.

And what I would like to leave you with is the following question:

A s čim bih vas volio napustiti je slijedeće pitanje:

If you had access to imagery of the whole planet every single day,

Kada biste imali pristup slikama cijelog planeta baš svaki dan,

what would you do with that data?

što biste činili s tim podacima?

What problems would you solve?

Koje probleme biste riješili?

What exploration would you do?

Koje istraživanje bi poduzeli?

Well, I invite you to come and explore with us.

Pa, pozivam vas da dođete i istražujete s nama.

Thank you very much.

Puno vam hvala.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)