Tristram Stuart: The global food waste scandal

313,941 views ・ 2012-09-17

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00:00
Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast
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Translator: Kadri Kalle Reviewer: Siim Kumpas
00:16
The job of uncovering the global food waste scandal
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Ülemaailmse toiduraiskamise paljastamine
00:18
started for me when I was 15 years old.
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sai minu jaoks alguse 15-aastaselt.
00:21
I bought some pigs. I was living in Sussex.
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Ostsin endale mõned sead, elasin Sussexis
00:24
And I started to feed them in the most traditional
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ning toitsin neid kõige traditsioonilisemal
00:26
and environmentally friendly way.
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ja keskkonnasõbralikumal moel.
00:28
I went to my school kitchen, and I said,
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Käisin oma kooli köögis ja palusin ülejääke,
00:31
"Give me the scraps that my school friends have turned
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mida mu koolikaaslased
00:32
their noses up at."
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ei tahtnud.
00:33
I went to the local baker and took their stale bread.
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Käisin pagari juures ja võtsin nende seisnud leiba.
00:36
I went to the local greengrocer, and I went to a farmer
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Käisin aedviljamüüja ja taluniku juures,
00:39
who was throwing away potatoes because they were
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kes viskasid ära kartuleid,
00:40
the wrong shape or size for supermarkets.
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sest need olid poodide jaoks vale kuju või suurusega.
00:44
This was great. My pigs turned that food waste
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See oli väga hea. Mu sead muutsid
00:47
into delicious pork. I sold that pork
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toidujäätmed maitsvaks sealihaks. Ma müüsin selle liha
00:49
to my school friends' parents, and I made
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oma koolikaaslaste vanematele
00:51
a good pocket money addition to my teenage allowance.
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ja teenisin hea lisa oma taskurahale.
00:56
But I noticed that most of the food that I was giving my pigs
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Kuid ma märkasin, et enamus toidust, mida ma sigadele andsin,
00:59
was in fact fit for human consumption,
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oli tegelikult kõlblik ka inimestele.
01:01
and that I was only scratching the surface,
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See oli vaid jäämäe tipp.
01:03
and that right the way up the food supply chain,
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Terves toidutootmise ahelas –
01:06
in supermarkets, greengrocers, bakers, in our homes,
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toidupoodides, turgudel, pagarite juures, kodudes,
01:10
in factories and farms, we were hemorrhaging out food.
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tehastes ja taludes – toimub meeletu raiskamine.
01:13
Supermarkets didn't even want to talk to me
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Toidupoed ei tahtnud minuga isegi rääkida sellest,
01:15
about how much food they were wasting.
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kui palju toitu raisatakse.
01:17
I'd been round the back. I'd seen bins full of food
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Olin käinud poodide taga ja näinud prügikastidesse
01:19
being locked and then trucked off to landfill sites,
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lukustatud toidu saatmist prügilatesse.
01:22
and I thought, surely there is something more sensible
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Mõtlesin, et selle toiduga on äraviskamise asemel
01:25
to do with food than waste it.
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kindlasti midagi paremat peale hakata.
01:28
One morning, when I was feeding my pigs,
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Ühel hommikul kui oma sigu toitsin,
01:30
I noticed a particularly tasty-looking sun-dried tomato loaf
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märkasin ma ühte eriti maitsva välimusega päiksekuivatatud tomatiga leiba,
01:34
that used to crop up from time to time.
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mis aeg-ajalt mu teele sattus.
01:36
I grabbed hold of it,
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Ma haarasin selle pihku,
01:38
sat down, and ate my breakfast with my pigs. (Laughter)
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istusin maha ja sõin koos oma sigadega hommikust. (Naer)
01:41
That was the first act of what I later learned to call freeganism,
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Sellest hetkest sai alguse minu usk freeganismi.
01:44
really an exhibition of the injustice of food waste,
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See on viis näidata toidu raiskamises peituvat ebaõiglust
01:49
and the provision of the solution to food waste,
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ning pakkuda sellele lahendus,
01:51
which is simply to sit down and eat food,
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mis ei seisne muus, kui selle sama toidu söömises,
01:54
rather than throwing it away.
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mis muidu minema visataks.
01:55
That became, as it were, a way of confronting
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Sellest on saanud üks viisidest astuda vastu
01:58
large businesses in the business of wasting food,
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suurettevõtete toiduraiskamisele
02:01
and exposing, most importantly, to the public,
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ning mis veelgi tähtsam – näidata avalikkusele,
02:04
that when we're talking about food being thrown away,
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et äravisatud toidust rääkides
02:06
we're not talking about rotten stuff, we're not talking about
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ei pea me silmas ei halvaks läinud
02:08
stuff that's beyond the pale.
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ega söögiks kõlbmatut toitu.
02:11
We're talking about good, fresh food that is being wasted
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Me räägime värskest toidust,
02:13
on a colossal scale.
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mida raisatakse meeletutes kogustes.
02:16
Eventually, I set about writing my book,
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Ma asusin kirjutama raamatut,
02:17
really to demonstrate the extent of this problem
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et ilmestada selle probleemi
02:19
on a global scale. What this shows is
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laia levikut. See tabel näitab
02:23
a nation-by-nation breakdown of the likely level
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toidu raiskamise ligikaudset taset riikide kaupa
02:26
of food waste in each country in the world.
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kogu maailmas.
02:29
Unfortunately, empirical data, good, hard stats, don't exist,
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Kahjuks pole selle kohta piisavalt empii- rilisi andmeid ja korralikku statistikat
02:33
and therefore to prove my point, I first of all had to find
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ja seega pidin ma oma teooria tõestamiseks
02:36
some proxy way of uncovering
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leidma kaudsetele andmetele tuginedes,
02:38
how much food was being wasted.
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kui palju toitu päriselt raisatakse.
02:40
So I took the food supply of every single country
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Ma kogusin kõikide riikide toiduvarude statistika
02:43
and I compared it to what was actually likely
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ja võrdlesin seda sellega, kui palju neis riikides
02:46
to be being consumed in each country.
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toitu tõenäoliselt tegelikult tarbiti.
02:48
That's based on diet intake surveys, it's based on
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Tuginesin toitumisuuringutele,
02:52
levels of obesity, it's based on a range of factors
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ülekaaluliste hulgale ja paljudele teistele faktoritele,
02:54
that gives you an approximate guess
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mis annavad kaudselt aimu,
02:56
as to how much food is actually going into people's mouths.
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kui palju inimesed päriselt söövad.
02:59
That black line in the middle of that table
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See must joon tabeli keskel on
03:02
is the likely level of consumption
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toidu tarbimise arvatav tase
03:05
with an allowance for certain levels of inevitable waste.
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koos teatud hulga vältimatute jäätmetega. Mingid jäätmed tekivad alati.
03:09
There will always be waste. I'm not that unrealistic
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Ma pole nii naiivne, et arvaksin,
03:11
that I think we can live in a waste-free world.
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et saaksime elada jäätmevabas maailmas.
03:13
But that black line shows what a food supply should be
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Kuid see must joon näitab, millised peaksid iga riigi
03:17
in a country if they allow for a good, stable, secure,
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toiduvarud olema, et tagada hea, stabiilne, ohutu
03:21
nutritional diet for every person in that country.
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ja toitev toiduvaru igale oma elanikule.
03:25
Any dot above that line, and you'll quickly notice that
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Iga punkt üle selle joone, ning ilmselt märkate,
03:27
that includes most countries in the world,
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et see on enamus riike maailmas,
03:30
represents unnecessary surplus, and is likely to reflect
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näitab tarbetut ülejääki ja arvatavat raiskamise hulka
03:34
levels of waste in each country.
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igas riigis.
03:37
As a country gets richer, it invests more and more
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Mida rikkamaks riik saab, seda enam investeeritakse
03:40
in getting more and more surplus
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ülejäägi tekkimisse
03:42
into its shops and restaurants,
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poodides ja restoranides.
03:44
and as you can see, most European
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Nagu näha, toodab enamus Euroopa
03:46
and North American countries
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ja Põhja-Ameerika riike
03:48
fall between 150 and 200 percent
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150% kuni 200%
03:51
of the nutritional requirements of their populations.
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rahvastikule vajalikust toidust.
03:54
So a country like America has twice as much food
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Riigis nagu Ameerika, on poodides ja restoranides
03:57
on its shop shelves and in its restaurants
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kaks korda nii palju toitu
03:59
than is actually required to feed the American people.
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kui on tegelikult tarvis ameeriklaste toitmiseks.
04:03
But the thing that really struck me,
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Mis mind statistikat kogudes
04:04
when I plotted all this data, and it was a lot of numbers,
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enim paelus, oli see,
04:09
was that you can see how it levels off.
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kuidas teatud hetkel tasemed ühtlustuvad.
04:12
Countries rapidly shoot towards that 150 mark,
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Riigid tõusevad kiiresti 150% piirini
04:15
and then they level off, and they don't really go on rising
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misjärel tõus seiskub, ega liigu enam edasi
04:19
as you might expect.
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nagu seda võiks arvata.
04:20
So I decided to unpack that data a little bit further
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Otsustasin neid andmeid pisut lähemalt uurida,
04:23
to see if that was true or false.
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et näha kas see vastab tõele.
04:25
And that's what I came up with.
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Jõudsin sellise tulemuseni.
04:27
If you include not just the food that ends up
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Kui võtame lisaks poodides ja
04:29
in shops and restaurants, but also the food
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restoranides olevale toidule arvesse ka seda
04:31
that people feed to livestock,
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mis söödetakse loomadele
04:33
the maize, the soy, the wheat, that humans could eat
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– mais, soja ja nisu, mida inimesed võiksid isegi süüa,
04:36
but choose to fatten livestock instead to produce
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kuid annavad loomadele, et toota
04:39
increasing amounts of meat and dairy products,
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üha enam liha- ja piimatooteid –,
04:41
what you find is that most rich countries
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siis näeme, et enamikus rikastes
04:42
have between three and four times the amount of food
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riikides on kolm kuni neli korda rohkem toitu
04:47
that their population needs to feed itself.
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kui nende rahvastiku toitmiseks tarvis läheb.
04:50
A country like America has four times the amount of food
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Riigis nagu USA on neli korda rohkem toitu,
04:53
that it needs.
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kui neil tegelikult tarvis on.
04:56
When people talk about the need to increase global
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Alati kui räägitakse vajadusest tõsta
04:59
food production to feed those nine billion people
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üleilmset toidutootmist, et toita 9 miljardit inimest,
05:02
that are expected on the planet by 2050,
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keda on 2050. aastaks meie planeedile oodata,
05:04
I always think of these graphs.
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mõtlen ma nendele tabelitele.
05:06
The fact is, we have an enormous buffer
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Tõde on, et rikastes riikides on
05:09
in rich countries between ourselves and hunger.
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tohutu puhver meie endi ja nälja vahel.
05:13
We've never had such gargantuan surpluses before.
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Meil pole kunagi varem olnud nii meeletut ülejääki.
05:17
In many ways, this is a great success story
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Mõneski mõttes on see inimkonna
05:20
of human civilization, of the agricultural surpluses
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ja põllumajanduse edulugu,
05:24
that we set out to achieve 12,000 years ago.
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mida me 12 000 aaastat tagasi saavutama asusime.
05:28
It is a success story. It has been a success story.
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See on edulugu. See on olnud edulugu,
05:31
But what we have to recognize now is that we are
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kuid peame mõistma, et ajal, mil me oleme
05:34
reaching the ecological limits that our planet can bear,
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viinud planeedi ökoloogilise kandevõime piirini,
05:37
and when we chop down forests, as we are every day,
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ajal, mil me võtame päevast päeva maha metsi,
05:40
to grow more and more food,
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et kasvatada rohkem toitu,
05:41
when we extract water from depleting water reserves,
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ajal, mil me ammutame vett kahanevatest reservidest,
05:45
when we emit fossil fuel emissions in the quest
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ajal, mil me paiskame õhku fossiilkütuste heitmeid,
05:48
to grow more and more food,
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et kasvatada rohkem toitu,
05:50
and then we throw away so much of it,
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mille me lõpuks ära viskame,
05:53
we have to think about what we can start saving.
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peame leidma viisi, kuidas hakata säästma
05:55
And yesterday, I went to one of the local supermarkets
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Eile käisin ma ühes kohalikus toidupoes,
05:59
that I often visit to
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mida ma tihti kontrollimas käin,
06:01
inspect, if you like, what they're throwing away.
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kui nii võib öelda, et näha, mida nad ära viskavad.
06:06
I found quite a few packets of biscuits amongst
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Puu- ja aedviljade ja kõige muu hulgas,
06:08
all the fruit and vegetables and everything else
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mis seal oli, leidsin ka mõned
06:10
that was in there.
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pakid küpsiseid.
06:11
And I thought, well this could serve as a symbol for today.
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Mõtlesin neid kasutada tänasel üritusel sümbolina.
06:13
So I want you to imagine that these nine biscuits
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Kujutage ette, et need üheksa prügikastist
06:15
that I found in the bin represent the global food supply,
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leitud küpsist esindavad ülemaailmset toidutootmist.
06:19
okay? We start out with nine.
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Alustame üheksaga.
06:21
That's what's in fields around the world every single year.
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See on kogus, mis on igal aastal põldudel üle terve maailma.
06:24
The first biscuit we're going to lose
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Esimese küpsise kaotame juba
06:26
before we even leave the farm.
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enne talust lahkumist.
06:28
That's a problem primarily associated with
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See on mure, mida seostame arengumaade põllumajandussektoriga.
06:31
developing work agriculture, whether it's
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Olgu selleks siis
06:33
a lack of infrastructure, refrigeration, pasteurization,
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taristu, külmikute, pastöriseerimisvõimaluste,
06:35
grain stores, even basic fruit crates, which means
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laohoonete või isegi puuviljakastide puudumine,
06:38
that food goes to waste before it even leaves the fields.
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see tähendab, et toit rikneb enne, kui see jõuab põllult lahkuda.
06:42
The next three biscuits are the foods that we decide
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Järgmised kolm küpsist sümboliseerivad toitu, mille otsustame anda
06:45
to feed to livestock, the maize, the wheat and the soya.
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loomadele – mais, nisu ja soja.
06:49
Unfortunately, our beasts are inefficient animals,
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Kahjuks pole kariloomad kuigi tõhusad,
06:54
and they turn two-thirds of that into feces and heat,
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2/3 nende söödavast lõppeb väljaheidete ja soojusena,
06:58
so we've lost those two, and we've only kept this one
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seega me kaotame need kaks küpsist
07:01
in meat and dairy products.
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ja vaid üks jääb alles liha- ja piimatoodetena.
07:03
Two more we're going to throw away directly into bins.
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Kaks küpsist viskame otse prügikasti.
07:06
This is what most of us think of when we think
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See on see osa, mida me enamasti
07:08
of food waste, what ends up in the garbage,
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toidujäätmetega seostame,
07:10
what ends up in supermarket bins,
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mis on kodude, poodide, restoranide
07:12
what ends up in restaurant bins. We've lost another two,
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prügikastides. Oleme kaotanud veel kaks
07:15
and we've left ourselves with just four biscuits to feed on.
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ning alles jääb vaid neli küpsist meie endi toitmiseks.
07:19
That is not a superlatively efficient use of global resources,
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See pole just kõige tõhusam üleilmsete ressursside kasutus,
07:23
especially when you think of the billion hungry people
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eriti kui mõtleme miljardile näljasele inimesele,
07:25
that exist already in the world.
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kes täna maailmas elavad.
07:27
Having gone through the data, I then needed
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Ollen need andmed läbi töötanud,
07:29
to demonstrate where that food ends up.
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pidin ma näitama, mis raisatud toidust saab.
07:33
Where does it end up? We're used to seeing the stuff
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Kuhu see läheb? Oleme harjunud
07:34
on our plates, but what about all the stuff
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nägema toitu oma taldrikutel, aga mis
07:36
that goes missing in between?
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saab sellest, mis vahepeal kaduma läheb?
07:38
Supermarkets are an easy place to start.
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Toidupoed on hea koht, kust alustada.
07:41
This is the result of my hobby,
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See on minu hobi tulemus,
07:43
which is unofficial bin inspections. (Laughter)
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milleks on mitteametlik prügikastide kontrollimine. (Naer)
07:48
Strange you might think, but if we could rely on corporations
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On kummaline mõelda, et kui usuksime,
07:50
to tell us what they were doing in the back of their stores,
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mida suurettevõtted räägivad oma poodide tagaruumides toimuvast,
07:53
we wouldn't need to go sneaking around the back,
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ei peaks me sinna hiilima
07:56
opening up bins and having a look at what's inside.
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ja prügikastidesse kiikama.
07:59
But this is what you can see more or less on
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Ent seda on näha pea igal tänavanurgal
08:00
every street corner in Britain, in Europe, in North America.
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Suurbritannias, Euroopas ja Põhja-Ameerikas.
08:04
It represents a colossal waste of food,
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See esindab tohutut toiduraiskamist.
08:07
but what I discovered whilst I was writing my book
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Oma raamatut kirjutades avastasin aga,
08:10
was that this very evident abundance of waste
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et sulaselge jäätmete üleküllus
08:13
was actually the tip of the iceberg.
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oli vaid jäämäe tipp.
08:16
When you start going up the supply chain,
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Toidutootmise ahelas ülespoole liikudes
08:18
you find where the real food waste is happening
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näeme, kus toimub
08:21
on a gargantuan scale.
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kõige hullem toidu raiskamine.
08:23
Can I have a show of hands
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Palun andke kätega märku,
08:24
if you have a loaf of sliced bread in your house?
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kui teil on kodus päts viilutatud saia?
08:29
Who lives in a household where that crust --
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Kelle kodus on inimesed harjunud sööma
08:31
that slice at the first and last end of each loaf --
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saiapätsi nukke,
08:34
who lives in a household where it does get eaten?
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esimest ja viimast tükki?
08:36
Okay, most people, not everyone, but most people,
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Enamus inimesi, mitte kõik, aga enamus
08:39
and this is, I'm glad to say, what I see across the world,
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ja nii on see õnneks üle maailma.
08:41
and yet has anyone seen a supermarket or sandwich shop
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Kuid kas keegi teist on üheski toidupoes
08:44
anywhere in the world that serves sandwiches
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või kioskis näinud müügil nendest
08:46
with crusts on it? (Laughter)
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otsadest valmistatud võileibu? (Naer)
08:48
I certainly haven't.
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Mina küll mitte.
08:50
So I kept on thinking, where do those crusts go? (Laughter)
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Mõtlesin, kuhu need otsad küll lähevad. (Naer)
08:55
This is the answer, unfortunately:
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Vastus on kahjuks siin.
08:57
13,000 slices of fresh bread coming out of
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13 000 viilu värsket saia, mis ühes
08:59
this one single factory every single day, day-fresh bread.
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tehases iga päev toodetakse.
09:04
In the same year that I visited this factory,
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Samal aastal, kui külastasin
09:06
I went to Pakistan, where people in 2008 were going hungry
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seda tehast, käisin Pakistanis, kus inimesed nälgisid toidukriisi tõttu,
09:10
as a result of a squeeze on global food supplies.
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mis tabas maailma 2008. aastal.
09:14
We contribute to that squeeze
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Visates toitu minema Suurbritannias
09:16
by depositing food in bins here in Britain
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ja mujal maailmas, panustame
09:19
and elsewhere in the world. We take food
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sellesse kriisi. Me võtame poodide riiulitelt
09:22
off the market shelves that hungry people depend on.
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toitu, mida näljased inimesed vajavad.
09:25
Go one step up, and you get to farmers,
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Astume veel ühe sammu ja jõuame talunikeni,
09:27
who throw away sometimes a third or even more
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kes viskavad mõnikord ilustandardite tõttu
09:29
of their harvest because of cosmetic standards.
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minema kolmandiku või rohkemgi oma saagist.
09:31
This farmer, for example, has invested 16,000 pounds
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See talunik oli investeerinud 16 000 naela
09:34
in growing spinach, not one leaf of which he harvested,
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istutamaks spinatit, millest ta ei korjanud lehtegi,
09:38
because there was a little bit of grass growing in amongst it.
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kuna spinatitaimede vahel kasvas natuke heina.
09:40
Potatoes that are cosmetically imperfect,
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Kartulid, mille välimus pole ideaalne,
09:43
all going for pigs.
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lähevad kõik sigadele.
09:44
Parsnips that are too small for supermarket specifications,
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Pastinaagid, mis on toidupoodide standardite kohaselt liiga väiksed,
09:48
tomatoes in Tenerife,
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2016
tomatid Tenerifel,
09:50
oranges in Florida,
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apelsinid Floridas,
09:52
bananas in Ecuador, where I visited last year,
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banaanid Ecuadoris, kus käisin eelmisel aastal,
09:55
all being discarded. This is one day's waste
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kõik on minema visatud. See on üheainsa päeva
09:58
from one banana plantation in Ecuador.
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jäätmete kogus ühes Ecuadori banaaniistanduses.
10:00
All being discarded, perfectly edible,
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Kõik minema visatud – täiesti söödavad,
10:02
because they're the wrong shape or size.
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aga vale kuju või suurusega.
10:05
If we do that to fruit and vegetables,
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Kui saame seda teha puu- ja
10:06
you bet we can do it to animals too.
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juurviljadega, saame seda teha ka loomadega.
10:09
Liver, lungs, heads, tails,
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Maks, kopsud, pead, sabad,
10:12
kidneys, testicles,
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neerud ja munandid
10:14
all of these things which are traditional,
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– kõik traditsioonilised, maitsvad
10:16
delicious and nutritious parts of our gastronomy
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ja toitvad osad meie toidusedelist –
10:18
go to waste. Offal consumption has halved
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lähevad raisku. Rupskite tarbimine Suurbritannias ja USAs
10:22
in Britain and America in the last 30 years.
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on vähenenud viimase 30 aasta jooksul poole võrra.
10:24
As a result, this stuff gets fed to dogs at best,
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Seetõttu läheb kogu see toit
10:27
or is incinerated.
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koeratoiduks või põletamisele.
10:29
This man, in Kashgar, Xinjiang province, in Western China,
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See mees Lääne-Hiina Xinjiangi provintsis Kashgari külas
10:33
is serving up his national dish.
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pakub oma rahvustoitu.
10:35
It's called sheep's organs.
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Selle nimi on lamba organid.
10:36
It's delicious, it's nutritious,
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See on maitsev ja toitev
10:38
and as I learned when I went to Kashgar,
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ning nagu ma Kashgaris õppisin, sümboliseerib
10:40
it symbolizes their taboo against food waste.
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see toidujäätmete vastast tabu.
10:43
I was sitting in a roadside cafe.
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Istusin tänavaäärses kohvikus.
10:46
A chef came to talk to me, I finished my bowl,
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Kokk tuli minuga rääkima, lõpetasin oma toidu,
10:48
and halfway through the conversation, he stopped talking
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poolel vestlusel jäi ta vait
10:50
and he started frowning into my bowl.
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ning kortsutas mu kaussi vaadetes kulmu.
10:53
I thought, "My goodness, what taboo have I broken?
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Mõtlesin, et mis tava ma rikkunud olen,
10:54
How have I insulted my host?"
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millega oma võõrustajat solvanud?
10:56
He pointed at three grains of rice
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Ta osutas kolmele riisiterale
10:58
at the bottom of my bowl, and he said, "Clean." (Laughter)
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mu kausis ja ütles: "Puhas." (Naer)
11:02
I thought, "My God, you know, I go around the world
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See mees oli minu, kes ma käin igalpool
11:04
telling people to stop wasting food.
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toidu raiskamisest rääkimas,
11:05
This guy has thrashed me at my own game." (Laughter)
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paika pannud. (Naer)
11:10
But it gave me faith. It gave me faith that we, the people,
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Aga see andis lootust. See andis lootust,
11:14
do have the power to stop this tragic waste of resources
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et suudame meeletut toidu raiskamist peatada,
11:19
if we regard it as socially unacceptable
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kui muudame selle
11:21
to waste food on a colossal scale,
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sotsiaalselt vastuvõetamatuks.
11:22
if we make noise about it, tell corporations about it,
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Tõmmates sellele tähelepanu, rääkides ettevõttetega,
11:25
tell governments we want to see an end to food waste,
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öeldes valitsustele, et toidu raiskamine peab lõppema,
11:28
we do have the power to bring about that change.
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suudame süsteemi muuta.
11:30
Fish, 40 to 60 percent of European fish
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40–60% Euroopa kaladest visatakse
11:33
are discarded at sea, they don't even get landed.
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juba merel olles ära, need ei jõua kunagi maale.
11:36
In our homes, we've lost touch with food.
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Oleme oma kodudes kaotanud sideme toiduga.
11:39
This is an experiment I did on three lettuces.
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Tegin kodus katse kolme lehtsalatiga.
11:42
Who keeps lettuces in their fridge?
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Kes hoiab lehtsalatit külmkapis?
11:44
Most people. The one on the left
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Enamus inimesi. Vasakul olevat salatit
11:48
was kept in a fridge for 10 days.
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hoidsin 10 päeva külmikus.
11:49
The one in the middle, on my kitchen table. Not much difference.
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Keskmist hoidsin köögilaual. Suurt vahet pole.
11:51
The one on the right I treated like cut flowers.
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Parempoolset kohtlesin kui lõikelille.
11:54
It's a living organism, cut the slice off,
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See on elav taim – lõikasin otsa ära,
11:56
stuck it in a vase of water,
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panin veega täidetud vaasi
11:58
it was all right for another two weeks after this.
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ja see säilis kenasti veel kaks nädalat.
12:01
Some food waste, as I said at the beginning,
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Nagu alguses ütlesin, läheb osa toidust
12:03
will inevitably arise, so the question is,
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paratamatult raisku, seega küsimus on,
12:05
what is the best thing to do with it?
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mis on parim, mida sellega teha saame?
12:07
I answered that question when I was 15.
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Vastasin sellele 15-aastasena.
12:09
In fact, humans answered that question 6,000 years ago:
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Inimesed vastasid sellele küsimusele 6000 aastat tagasi:
12:14
We domesticated pigs
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kodustasime sead,
12:16
to turn food waste back into food.
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et nad muudaksid toidujäätmed uuesti toiduks.
12:19
And yet, in Europe, that practice has become illegal
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Ometi muudeti see Euroopas 2001. aastal
12:23
since 2001 as a result of the foot-and-mouth outbreak.
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suu- ja sõrataudi tõttu ebaseaduslikuks.
12:26
It's unscientific. It's unnecessary.
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See on ebateaduslik ja ebavajalik.
12:28
If you cook food for pigs, just as if
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Kui sigade toitu kuumutada,
12:31
you cook food for humans, it is rendered safe.
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nagu küpsetatame endi toitu, muutub see ohutuks.
12:34
It's also a massive saving of resources.
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Lisaks on see tohutu sääst.
12:36
At the moment, Europe depends on importing
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Euroopa sõltub Lõuna-Ameerikast, importides sealt
12:39
millions of tons of soy from South America,
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miljoneid tonne soja.
12:41
where its production contributes to global warming,
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Sellega anname oma panuse kliimamuutusesse,
12:44
to deforestation, to biodiversity loss,
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2600
metsade hävimisse ja elurikkuse vähenemisse,
12:46
to feed livestock here in Europe.
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kõik selleks, et toita loomi Euroopas.
12:49
At the same time we throw away millions of tons
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Samal ajal viskame me ära miljoneid tonne
12:51
of food waste which we could and should be feeding them.
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toidujäätmeid, mida võiksime ja peaksime neile söötma.
12:54
If we did that, and fed it to pigs, we would save
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Toidujäätmedega sigu söötes säästaksime
12:57
that amount of carbon.
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sellise hulga süsihappegaasi.
12:59
If we feed our food waste which is the current
285
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Kui me suuname toidujäätmed anaeroobsesse
13:03
government favorite way of getting rid of food waste,
286
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kääritamisse, mis on valitsuste eelistatud
13:05
to anaerobic digestion, which turns food waste
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viis toidujäätmetest lahtisaamiseks,
13:08
into gas to produce electricity,
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kust saadakse gaasi elektri tootmiseks,
13:10
you save a paltry 448 kilograms of carbon dioxide
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säästetakse pelgalt 448 kg ühe tonni CO2 toidujäätmete kohta.
13:14
per ton of food waste. It's much better to feed it to pigs.
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Palju mõistlikum on see sigadele anda.
13:16
We knew that during the war. (Laughter)
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Sõja ajal me teadsime seda. (Naer)
13:19
A silver lining: It has kicked off globally,
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Lohutav on teadmine, et toidujäätmete vähendamine
13:24
the quest to tackle food waste.
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on ülemaailmselt tähelepanu saamas.
13:25
Feeding the 5,000 is an event I first organized in 2009.
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Üritust "5000 toitmine" korraldasin esmaskordselt 2009. aastal.
13:29
We fed 5,000 people all on food that otherwise
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Me andsime 5000 inimesele toitu,
13:32
would have been wasted.
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mis oleks raisku läinud.
13:33
Since then, it's happened again in London,
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Alates sellest on üritusi toimunud Londonis,
13:35
it's happening internationally, and across the country.
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rahvusvaheliselt ja üle kogu riigi.
13:37
It's a way of organizations coming together
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See on viis tuua organisatsioonid kokku,
13:40
to celebrate food, to say the best thing to do with food
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et tunda toidust rõõmu, et utsitada inimesi toitu
13:43
is to eat and enjoy it, and to stop wasting it.
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minema viskamise asemel sööma ja nautima.
13:46
For the sake of the planet we live on,
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Meie koduplaneedi nimel,
13:49
for the sake of our children,
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meie laste nimel,
13:52
for the sake of all the other
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kõigi teiste liikide nimel,
13:54
organisms that share our planet with us,
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kes meiega siin planeedil elavad
13:56
we are a terrestrial animal, and we depend on our land
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– me oleme maised loomad ja sõltume toidutootmisel maast.
13:59
for food. At the moment, we are trashing our land
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Praegu me reostame aga oma maad,
14:02
to grow food that no one eats.
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et kasvatada toitu, mida keegi ei söö.
14:04
Stop wasting food. Thank you very much. (Applause)
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Lõpetage toidu raiskamine. Suur aitäh. (Aplaus)
14:07
(Applause)
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(Aplaus)
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