Why should you read "One Hundred Years of Solitude"? - Francisco Díez-Buzo

Translator: Arofat Akhundjanova Reviewer: Nazarbek Nazarov

One day in 1965, while driving to Acapulco for a vacation with his family,

1965-yil, kunlarning birida oilasi bilan ta'tilga Akapulkoga yo'l olgan

Colombian journalist Gabriel García Márquez abruptly turned his car around,

kolumbiyalik jurnalist Gabriel Garsiya Markes to'satdan

asked his wife to take care of the family’s finances for the coming months,

mashinasini ortga burib, xotinidan kelasi oylarda oilaning moliyaviy ahvoliga

and returned home.

ko'z-quloq bo'lishni so'raydi va uyga qaytib keladi.

The beginning of a new book had suddenly come to him:

Yangi asar debochasi uning xayoliga kutilmaganda keladi:

“Many years later, as he faced the firing squad,

"Oradan ko'p yillar o'tgach, qatlga hukm etilgan polkovnik

Colonel Aureliano Buendía was to remember that distant afternoon

Aureliano Buendia o'zini otishlarini kutarkan, otasi muz bo'lagini ko'rsatishga

when his father took him to discover ice.”

olib borgan o'sha olis oqshomni eslaydi". Keyingi o'n sakkiz oy

Over the next eighteen months,

ichidabu so'zlar ortidan

those words would blossom into One Hundred Years of Solitude.

"Yolg'izlikning yuz yili" asari dunyoga keladi.

A novel that would go on to bring Latin American literature

Bu Lotin Amerikasi adabiyotini dunyoga tanitgan va

to the forefront of the global imagination,

Garsiya Markesga 1982-yil Adabiyot bo'yicha

earning García Márquez the 1982 Nobel Prize for Literature.

Nobel mukofotini keltirgan roman hisoblanadi.

What makes One Hundred Years of Solitude so remarkable?

"Yolg'izlikning yuz yili" nima uchun bu qadar mashhur?

The novel chronicles the fortunes and misfortunes

Roman Buendiya oilasining yetti avlodi boshidan kechirgan

of the Buendía family over seven generations.

shirin va achchiq qismati yilnomasidir.

With its lush, detailed sentences,

O'zining go'zal, mufassal jumlalari,

large cast of characters,

ko'p sonli qahramonlari va

and tangled narrative,

chigal hikoya ususli bilan

One Hundred Years of Solitude is not an easy book to read.

"Yolg'izlikning yuz yili" ni mutolaa uchun yengil kitob deb bo'lmaydi.

But it’s a deeply rewarding one,

Ammo qizg'in ishqiy munosabatlar,

with an epic assortment of intense romances,

fuqarolik urushi, siyosiy fitna, jahongashtalik va

civil war,

haddan tashqari ko'p Aureliano

political intrigue,

ismli personajlarni

globe-trotting adventurers,

o'z ichiga olgan bu epik manzaradan

and more characters named Aureliano than you’d think possible.

chuqur qoniqish his etasiz.

Yet this is no mere historical drama.

Bu oddiy tarixiy drama emas.

One Hundred Years of Solitude is one of the most famous examples

"Yolg'izlikning yuz yili" sehrli realizm adabiy oqimining

of a literary genre known as magical realism.

eng mashhur namunalaridan biridir.

Here, supernatural events or abilities

Unda g'ayritabiiy voqealar hamda qobiliyatlar

are described in a realistic and matter-of-fact tone,

go'yo hayotiydek tasvirlanadi,

while the real events of human life and history

turmushimiz va tariximizdagi haqiqiy voqealar esa

reveal themselves to be full of fantastical absurdity.

xayoliy bema'nilikka to'la holda aks etadi.

Surreal phenomena within the fictional village of Macondo

Badiiy to'qima mahsuli – Makondo qishlog'ida yuz bergan afsonaviy hodisalar

intertwine seamlessly with events taking place in the real country of Colombia.

Kolumbiyada ro'y bergan hayotiy voqealar bilan mushtaraklik hosil qiladi.

The settlement begins in a mythical state of isolation,

Yakkalangan afsonaviy manzilgoh asta-sekin tashqi dunyo bilan

but is gradually exposed to the outside world,

aloqaga kirishadi va buning asnosida

facing multiple calamities along the way.

ko'plab musibatlarga duch keladi.

As years pass, characters grow old and die,

Yillar o'tishi bilan qahramonlar qarib, dunyodan o'tadilar,

only to return as ghosts,

ammo ularning sharpasi yana qishloqqa qaytadi

or to be seemingly reincarnated in the next generation.

yoki keyingi avlod qiyofasida qayta tug'iladilar.

When the American fruit company comes to town,

Shaharga Amerika meva kompaniyasi bilan birga doim sariq

so does a romantic mechanic who is always followed by yellow butterflies.

kapalaklar qurshovida yuruvchi xayolparast mexanik ham kirib keladi.

A young woman up and floats away.

Yosh qiz parvoz etib, uzoqlarga g'oyib bo'ladi.

Although the novel moves forward through subsequent generations,

Garchi roman voqealari avlodlar almashinuvi bilan davom etsa-da,

time moves in an almost cyclical manner.

unda vaqt davriy harakatlanadi. Ko'pgina qahramonlar ismlari

Many characters have similar names and features to their forebears,

va xususiyatlari ajdodlarinikiga o'xshash bo'lib, [Xose Arkadio]

whose mistakes they often repeat.

ota-bobolarining xatolarini tez-tez takrorlaydilar.

Strange prophecies and visits from mysterious gypsies

[Arkadio, Aurliano] Sirli lo'lilarning g'ayrioddiy bashoratlari

give way to the skirmishes and firing squads of repeated civil wars.

va Makondoga tashriflari [Remedios] fuqarolik urushlariga qayta-qayta

An American fruit company opens a plantation near the village

yo'l ochadi. Amerika meva kompaniyasi qishloq yaqinida plantatsiyaga asos

and ends up massacring thousands of striking workers,

soladi va natijada ish tashlagan minglab ishchilar qatl etiladi.

mirroring the real-life ‘Banana Massacre’ of 1928.

Bu bilan 1928-yilgi "Banan qirg'ini" ga ishora qilinadi.

Combined with the novel’s magical realism,

Sehrli realizm bilan uyg'unlashgan bu tarixiy

this produces a sense of history as a downward spiral

haqiqatlar qahramonlar chetlab o'tolmagan tanazzulga eltuvchi

the characters seem powerless to escape.

yo'l sifatida gavdalanadi.

Beneath the magic is a story about the pattern of Colombian

Sehr ortida Kolumbiya va Lotin Amerikasining mustamlakachilik davridan

and Latin American history from colonial times onward.

to hozirgacha bo'lgan tarixi yashiringan.

This is a history that the author experienced firsthand.

Bu muallif o'z boshidan kechirgan tarixdir.

Gabriel García Márquez grew up in a Colombia torn apart by civil conflict

Gabriel Garsiya Markes konservativ va liberal siyosiy partiyalar o'rtasidagi

between its Conservative and Liberal political parties.

fuqarolik urushidan parchalangan Kolumbiyada voyaga yetgan.

He also lived in an autocratic Mexico

U, shuningdek, avtoritar Meksikada yashagan va

and covered the 1958 Venezuelan coup d’état as a journalist.

1958-yil jurnalist sifatida Venesueladagi davlat to'ntarishini yoritgan. Ammo

But perhaps his biggest influences were his maternal grandparents.

ona tomondan buvi-buvasi uning ijodiga eng katta ta'sir ko'rsatgan bo'lsa ajab emas.

Nicolás Ricardo Márquez was a decorated veteran of the Thousand Days War

Bobosi Nikolas Rikardo Markes Ming Kunlik Urush qahramoni bo'lib,

whose accounts of the rebellion against Colombia's conservative government

uning Kolumbiya konservativ hukumatiga qarshi isyonlar haqidagi hikoyalari

led Gabriel García Márquez to a socialist outlook.

Markesning sotsialistik qarashlarini shakllantirdi.

Meanwhile, Doña Tranquilina Iguarán Cotes’ omnipresent superstition

Buvisi Donya Trankilina Iguaran Koutsning sehr-joduga bo'lgan munosabati

became the foundation of One Hundred Years of Solitude’s style.

"Yolg'izlikning yuz yili" uslubining asosiga aylandi.

Their small house in Aracataca where the author spent his childhood

Makondo shahrini yaratishda muallif bolaligi o'tgan Arakatakadagi

formed the main inspiration for Macondo.

kichkina uylaridan ilhomlanadi.

With One Hundred Years of Solitude,

"Yolg'izlikning yuz yili" ni yozish asnosida

Gabriel García Márquez found a unique way

Markes Lotin Amerikasining noyob tarixini

to capture the unique history of Latin America.

hikoya qilishning o'ziga xos usulini topdi. U o'tmish

He was able to depict the strange reality of living in a post-colonial society,

fojialarini qayta boshdan kechirishga mahkum mustamlakachilikdan keyingi davr

forced to relive the tragedies of the past.

jamiyatidagi murakkab hayot voqeligini ochib berishga muvaffaq bo'ldi.

In spite of all this fatalism, the novel still holds hope.

Achchiq taqdir haqiqati yoritilsa-da, romandan kelajakka umid uchqunlarini

At his Nobel Lecture,

topish mumkin. Nobel mukofotini

García Marquez reflected on Latin America’s long history

topshirish marosimidagi nutqida Markes Lotin Amerikasidagi fuqarolik

of civil strife and rampant iniquity.

kurashi va adolatsizlikning uzoq o'tmishi haqida to'xtalib o'tadi.

Yet he ended the speech by affirming the possibility of building a better world,

U “Hech kim birov uchun oʻlish yoki yashash qarorini qabul qilmaydigan,

to quote, “where no one will be able to decide for others how they die,

muhabbati haqiqiy, baxti amalga oshadigan, yuz yil yolgʻizlikka

where love will prove true

mahkum etilgan xalqlar esa,

and happiness be possible,

oxir-oqibat, baxtli yashash huquqini

and where the races condemned to one hundred years of solitude

qo'lga kiritadigan" yanada farovon dunyo qurish

will have, at last and forever, a second chance on earth."

imkoni borligiga ishonch bildirib o'z nutqiga yakun yasaydi.