The terrors of sleep paralysis - Ami Angelowicz

965,972 views ใƒป 2013-07-25

TED-Ed


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: Ido Dekkers ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Sigal Tifferet
00:06
Imagine this:
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ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืืช ื–ื”:
00:08
You're fast asleep
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ืืชื ื™ืฉื ื™ื ืฉื™ื ื” ืขืžื•ืงื”
00:10
when all of a sudden you're awoken!
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ื›ืฉืคืชืื•ื ืืชื ืžืชืขื•ืจืจื™ื!
00:12
And not by your alarm clock.
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ื•ืœื ืžื”ืฉืขื•ืŸ ื”ืžืขื•ืจืจ.
00:14
Your eyes open,
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ื”ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ื ืคืงื—ื•ืช,
00:15
and there's a demon sitting on your chest,
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ื•ืฉื“ ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ืœื›ื ืขืœ ื”ื—ื–ื”,
00:17
pinning you down.
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ืžืจืชืง ืืชื›ื.
00:19
You try to open your mouth and scream,
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ืืชื ืžื ืกื™ื ืœืคืชื•ื— ืืช ื”ืคื” ืœืฆืขื•ืง,
00:21
but no sound comes out.
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ืื‘ืœ ืืฃ ืฆืœื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื.
00:22
You try to get up and run away,
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ืืชื ืžื ืกื™ื ืœืงื•ื ื•ืœืจื•ืฅ,
00:24
but you realize that you are completely immobilized.
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ืื‘ืœ ืืชื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืืชื ืžืฉื•ืชืงื™ื ืœื’ืžืจื™.
00:27
The demon is trying to suffocate you,
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ื”ืฉื“ ืžื ืกื” ืœื—ื ื•ืง ืืชื›ื,
00:29
but you can't fight back.
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ืื‘ืœ ืืชื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชื ื’ื“.
00:31
You've awoken into your dream,
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ืืชื ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจืชื ืžื—ืœื•ื,
00:33
and it's a nightmare.
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ื•ื–ื” ืกื™ื•ื˜.
00:35
It sounds like a Stephen King movie,
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ื–ื” ื ืฉืžืข ื›ืžื• ืกืจื˜ ืฉืœ ืกื˜ื™ื‘ืŸ ืงื™ื ื’,
00:38
but it's actually a medical condition
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ืžืฆื‘ ืจืคื•ืื™
00:39
called sleep paralysis,
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ืฉื ืงืจื ืฉื™ืชื•ืง ืฉื™ื ื”,
00:41
and about half of the population
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ื•ื‘ืขืจืš ื—ืฆื™ ืžื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื”
00:43
has experienced this strange phenomenon
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ื—ื•ื•ืชื” ืืช ื”ืชื•ืคืขื” ื”ืžื•ื–ืจื” ื”ื–ื•
ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืคืขื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื.
00:45
at least once in their life.
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00:46
This panic-inducing episode
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ื”ืžืงืจื” ื”ืžื‘ืขื™ืช ื”ื–ื”
00:48
of coming face-to-face with the creatures
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ืฉืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืคื ื™ื ืืœ ืคื ื™ื ืขื ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ื
00:50
from your nightmares
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ืžื”ืกื™ื•ื˜ื™ื
00:52
can last anywhere from seconds to minutes
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ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืžืฉื ื™ื•ืช ืขื“ ื“ืงื•ืช
00:54
and may involve visual or auditory hallucinations
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ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ื”ื–ื™ื•ืช ื•ื™ื–ื•ืืœื™ื•ืช ืื• ืงื•ืœื™ื•ืช
00:57
of an evil spirit
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ืฉืœ ืจื•ื— ืจืขื”
00:59
or an out-of-body feeling like you're floating.
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ืื• ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ื—ื•ืฅ ื’ื•ืคื™ืช ืฉื›ืื™ืœื• ืฆืคื™ื.
01:01
Some have even mistaken sleep paralysis
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ืื—ืจื™ื ืืคื™ืœื• ื˜ืขื• ื‘ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืฉื™ืชื•ืง ืฉื™ื ื”
01:03
for an encounter with a ghost
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ื”ื•ื ืคื’ื™ืฉื” ืขื ืจื•ื—
01:05
or an alien abduction.
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ืื• ื—ื˜ื™ืคื” ื—ื™ื™ื–ืจื™ืช.
01:08
In 1867, Dr. Silas Weir Mitchell
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ื‘ 1867, ื“ืจ' ืกื™ืœืืก ื•ื•ื™ืจ ืžื™ื˜ืฉืœ
01:11
was the first medical professional
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ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจื•ืคื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ
01:13
to study sleep paralysis.
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ืฉื—ืงืจ ืฉื™ืชื•ืง ืฉื™ื ื”.
01:15
"The subject awakes to consciousness
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"ื”ืื“ื ืžืชืขื•ืจืจ ืœื”ื›ืจื”
01:18
of his environment
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ืฉืœ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœื•
01:19
but is incapable of moving a muscle.
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ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื”ื–ื™ื– ืืฃ ืฉืจื™ืจ.
01:21
Lying to all appearance, still asleep.
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ื•ืœืขื™ื ื™ ื›ืœ ื ืจืื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉืŸ.
01:24
He's really engaged for a struggle for movement,
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ื”ื•ื ืžืžืฉ ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืžืื‘ืง ืœืชื ื•ืขื”,
01:27
fraught with acute mental distress.
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ื•ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืœื—ืฅ ืžื ื˜ืœื™ ื—ืจื™ืฃ.
01:30
Could he but manage to stir,
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ืื ื”ื•ื ืจืง ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื–ื•ื–,
01:32
the spell would vanish instantly."
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ื”ื›ื™ืฉื•ืฃ ื™ื™ืขืœื ืžื™ื“."
01:34
Even though Dr. Mitchell was the first
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ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉื“ืจ' ืžื™ื˜ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ
01:36
to observe patients in a state of sleep paralysis,
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ืœื”ื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื‘ืคืฆื™ื™ื ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืชื•ืง ืฉื™ื ื”,
01:38
it's so common that nearly every culture
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ื–ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื ืคื•ืฅ ืฉื›ืžืขื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ ืชืจื‘ื•ืช
01:41
throughout time has had some kind
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ื”ื•ืคื™ืข ืžืชื™ ืฉื”ื•ื
01:42
of paranormal explanation for it.
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ื”ืกื‘ืจ ืคืืจื-ื ื•ืจืžืœื™ ืœืžืฆื‘.
01:45
In medieval Europe, you might think that an incubus,
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ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ื™ืžื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื, ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืื™ื ืงื•ื‘ื•ืก,
01:48
a sex-hungry demon in male form,
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ืฉื“ ืจืขื‘ ืœืกืงืก ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื–ื›ืจื™ืช,
01:50
visited you in the night.
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ื‘ื™ืงืจ ืืชื›ื ื‘ืœื™ืœื”.
01:52
In Scandinavia, the mare,
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ื‘ืกืงื ื“ื™ื ื‘ื™ื”, ื”ืžืืจ,
01:54
a damned woman,
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ืื™ืฉื” ืืจื•ืจื”,
01:56
is responsible for visiting sleepers
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ืžื‘ืงืจืช ืืช ื”ื™ืฉื ื™ื
01:57
and sitting on their rib cages.
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ื•ื™ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืขืœ ื›ืœื•ื‘ ื”ืฆืœืขื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื.
02:00
In Turkey, a jinn holds you down
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ื‘ื˜ื•ืจืงื™ื”, ื’'ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืžื—ื–ื™ืง ืืชื›ื
02:02
and tries to strangle you.
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ื•ืžื ืกื” ืœื—ื ื•ืง ืืชื›ื.
02:04
In Thailand, Phi Am bruises you while you sleep.
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ื‘ืชืื™ืœื ื“, ืคื™ ืื ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ื›ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืืชื ื™ืฉื ื™ื.
02:08
In the southern United States,
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ื‘ื“ืจื•ื ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช,
02:09
the hag comes for you.
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ื”ื”ืื’ ืžื’ื™ืข ืืœื™ื›ื.
02:12
In Mexico, you could blame
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ื‘ืžืงืกื™ืงื•, ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืžืืฉื™ืžื™ื
02:13
subirse el muerto, the dead person, on you.
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ืืช ืกื•ื‘ื™ืจืกื” ืืœ ืžื•ืืจื˜ื”, ื”ืื™ืฉ ื”ืžืช.
02:16
In Greece, Mora sits upon your chest
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ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ, ืžื•ืจื” ื™ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืขืœ ื”ื—ื–ื” ืฉืœื›ื
02:18
and tries to asphyxiate you.
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ื•ืžื ืกื” ืœื—ื ื•ืง ืืชื›ื.
02:20
In Nepal, Khyaak the ghost
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ื‘ื ืคืืœ, ืงื”ื™ื™ืืง ื”ืจื•ื—
02:22
resides under the staircase.
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ืฉื•ื›ื ืช ืชื—ืช ื”ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช.
02:25
It may be easier to blame
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ืื•ืœื™ ืงืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืืฉื™ื
02:26
sleep paralysis on evil spirits
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ืจื•ื—ื•ืช ืจืขื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืง ืฉื™ื ื”
02:28
because what's actually happening in your brain
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืืช ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืžื•ื—
02:30
is much harder to explain.
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ืงืฉื” ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ.
02:32
Modern scientists believe that sleep paralysis
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ืžื“ืขื ื™ื ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉืฉื™ืชื•ืง ืฉื™ื ื”
ื ื’ืจื ืœืžืขืฉื” ืžื—ืคื™ืคื” ืœื ื ื•ืจืžืœื™ืช
02:35
is caused by an abnormal overlap
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02:36
of the REM, rapid eye movement,
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ืฉืœ REM, ืชื ื•ืขืช ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ืžื”ื™ืจื”,
02:38
and waking stages of sleep.
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ื•ืฉืœื‘ื™ ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ื ื”.
02:40
During a normal REM cycle,
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ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ REM ืจื’ื™ืœ,
02:43
you're experiencing a number of sensory stimuli
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ืืชื ื—ื•ื•ื™ื ืžืกืคืจ ื’ื™ืจื•ื™ื™ื ื—ื•ืฉื™ื™ื
02:45
in the form of a dream,
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ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื—ืœื•ื,
02:47
and your brain is unconscious and fully asleep.
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ื•ื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื›ื ืœื ื‘ื”ื›ืจื” ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืœื’ืžืจื™.
02:49
During your dream,
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ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื—ืœื•ื,
02:51
special neurotransmitters are released,
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ืžืขื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืขืฆื‘ื™ื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื ืžืฉื•ื—ืจืจื™ื,
02:53
which paralyze almost all of your muscles.
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ืฉืžืฉืชืงื™ื ื›ืžืขื˜ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืฉืจื™ืจื™ื.
02:56
That's called REM atonia.
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ื–ื” ื ืงืจื ืื˜ื•ื ื™ื” ืฉืœ REM.
02:58
It's what keeps you from running in your bed
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืžื•ื ืข ืžื›ื ืœืจื•ืฅ ืžื”ืžื™ื˜ื”
ื›ืฉืืชื ื ืจื“ืคื™ื ื‘ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืชื™ื›ื.
03:00
when you're being chased in your dreams.
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03:02
During an episode of sleep paralysis,
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ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืืคื™ื–ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืชื•ืง ืฉื™ื ื”,
03:04
you're experiencing normal components of REM.
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ืืชื ื—ื•ื•ื™ื ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืฉืœ REM.
03:07
You're dreaming and your muscles are paralyzed,
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ืืชื ื—ื•ืœืžื™ื ื•ื”ืฉืจื™ืจื™ื ืฉืœื›ื ืžืฉื•ืชืงื™ื,
03:09
only your brain is conscious and wide awake.
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ืจืง ืฉื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื›ื ื‘ื”ื›ืจื” ื•ืขืจ.
03:12
This is what causes you to imagine
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื’ื•ืจื ืœื›ื ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ
03:14
that you're having an encounter
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ืฉืืชื ื—ื•ื•ื™ื ืžืคื’ืฉ
03:15
with a menacing presence.
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ืขื ื™ืฉื•ืช ืจืขื”.
03:17
So this explains the hallucinations,
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ืื– ื–ื” ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื”ื–ื™ื•ืช,
03:19
but what about the feelings of panic,
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืขื ื”ื”ืจื’ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื”ืคืื ื™ืงื”,
03:21
strangling,
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ื—ื ื™ืงื”,
03:22
choking,
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ื—ื ืง,
03:23
chest pressure
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ืœื—ืฅ ื‘ื—ื–ื”
03:24
that so many people describe?
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ืฉื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืชืืจื™ื?
03:26
Well during REM,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš REM,
03:28
the function that keeps you
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03:28
from acting out your dreams,
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ื”ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืฉืฉื•ืžืจื•ืช ืืชื›ื
ืžืœืžืžืฉ ืืช ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืชื™ื›ื ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช,
03:30
REM atonia,
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REM ืื˜ื•ื ื™ื”,
03:32
also removes voluntary control
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ื’ื ืžืกื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื”ืขืฆืžื™ืช
03:33
of your breathing.
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ืžื”ื ืฉื™ืžื”.
03:35
Your breath becomes more shallow
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ื”ื ืฉื™ืžื” ื ืขืฉื™ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืจื“ื•ื“ื”
03:36
and rapid.
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ื•ืžื”ื™ืจื”.
03:37
You take in more carbon dioxide
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ืืชื ืžื›ื ื™ืกื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืคื—ืžืŸ ื“ื• ื—ืžืฆื ื™
03:39
and experience a small blockage of your airway.
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ื•ื—ื•ื•ื™ื ื—ืกื™ืžื” ืงืœื” ืฉืœ ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ื ืฉื™ืžื”.
03:42
During a sleep paralysis episode,
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ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉื™ืชื•ืง ืฉื™ื ื”,
03:44
a combination of your body's fear response
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ื™ืฉื ื• ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืชื’ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืคื—ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœื›ื
03:46
to a perceived attack by an evil creature
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ืœื”ืชืงืคื” ื“ืžื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืจื•ืฉืข
03:48
and your brain being wide awake
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ืขื ืžื•ื— ืขืจ ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ
03:50
while your body is in an REM sleep state
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ื‘ืขื•ื“ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœื›ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื ืช REM,
03:53
triggers a response for you to take in more oxygen.
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ื•ื–ื” ืžืขื•ืจืจ ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืžื ืกื” ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ื™ื•ืชืจ ื—ืžืฆืŸ.
03:56
That makes you gasp
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ื–ื” ื’ื•ืจื ืœื›ื ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœืฉืื•ืฃ
03:57
for air,
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ืื•ื™ืจ,
03:58
but you can't
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ืื‘ืœ ืืชื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื
03:59
because REM atonia
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ื‘ื’ืœืœืช ืฉืื˜ื•ื ื™ื™ืช REM
04:00
has removed control of your breath.
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ืœืงื—ื” ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฉืœื›ื ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ื ืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืœื›ื.
04:03
This struggle for air while your body sleeps
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ื”ืžืื‘ืง ื”ื–ื” ืœืื•ื™ืจ ื‘ืขื•ื“ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื™ืฉืŸ
04:05
creates a perceived sensation
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ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืชื—ื•ืฉื”
04:07
of pressure on the chest
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ืฉืœ ืœื—ืฅ ืขืœ ื”ื—ื–ื”
04:08
or suffocation.
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ืื• ื—ื ืง.
04:10
While a few people experience
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ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืžืกืคืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ื—ื•ื•ื™ื
04:12
sleep paralysis regularly
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ืฉื™ืชื•ืง ืฉื™ื ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืจื’ื™ืœ
04:13
and it may be linked to sleep disorders
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ื•ื–ื” ืื•ืœื™ ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ืฉื™ื ื”
04:15
such as narcolepsy,
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ื›ืžื• ื ืจืงื•ืœืคืกื™ื”,
04:17
many who experience an episode of sleep paralysis
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ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื—ื•ื•ื™ื ืฉื™ืชื•ืง ืฉื™ื ื”
04:19
do so infrequently,
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ื—ื•ื•ื™ื ื–ืืช ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืจื—ื•ืงื•ืช,
04:21
perhaps only once in a lifetime.
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ืื•ืœื™ ืคืขื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื.
04:23
So you can rest easy,
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ืื– ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ืจื’ืข,
04:24
knowing that an evil entity is not trying
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ื‘ื™ื“ื™ืขื” ืฉืืฃ ืฉื“ ืœื ืžื ืกื”
04:27
to haunt,
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04:27
possess,
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ืœืจื“ื•ืฃ,
ืœื”ืฉืชืœื˜,
04:28
strangle,
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04:28
or suffocate you.
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ืœื—ื ื•ืง,
ืื• ืœืžื ื•ืข ืžื›ื ืœื ืฉื•ื.
04:30
Save that for the horror films!
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ืฉืžืจื• ืืช ื–ื” ืœืกืจื˜ื™ ืื™ืžื”!
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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