The tale of the boy who tricked the Devil - Iseult Gillespie

5,491,562 views ใƒป 2020-07-07

TED-Ed


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Ido Dekkers
00:06
In the sun-dappled streets of a small town,
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ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื˜ื•ืคื™ ื”ืฉืžืฉ ืฉืœ ืขื™ืจ ืงื˜ื ื”,
00:10
a proud mother showed off her newborn son.
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ืื ื’ืื” ื”ืฆื™ื’ื” ืืช ืชื™ื ื•ืงื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉ.
00:14
Upon noticing his lucky birthmark,
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ื›ืฉื”ื‘ื—ื™ื ื• ื‘ื›ืชื ื”ืœื™ื“ื” ื‘ืจ ื”ืžื–ืœ ืฉืœื•,
00:16
townsfolk predicted he would marry a princess.
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ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื—ื–ื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื ืฉื ืœื ืกื™ื›ื”.
00:20
But soon, these rumors reached the ears of the wicked king.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžื”ืจื”, ื”ืฉืžื•ืขื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœืื•ื–ื ื™ ื”ืžืœืš ื”ืžืจื•ืฉืข.
00:24
Enraged, the king stole the child away, and sent him hurtling down the river.
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ื–ื•ืขื, ื”ืžืœืš ื—ื˜ืฃ ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ ื•ืฉืœื— ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืžื•ืจื“ ื”ื ื”ืจ ื”ืฉื•ืฆืฃ.
00:30
But the infantโ€™s luck proved greater than the kingโ€™s plan.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืžื–ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืง ื”ื•ื›ื— ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืชื•ื›ื ื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœืš.
00:35
Years later, the king was traveling his realm,
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ืฉื ื™ื ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื”ืžืœืš ืกื™ื™ืจ ื‘ืžืžืœื›ืชื•,
00:38
when he spotted a strapping young man with an uncanny birthmark.
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ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืื™ืชืจ ืฆืขื™ืจ ื—ืกื•ืŸ ืขื ืกื™ืžืŸ ืœื™ื“ื” ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™.
00:43
After confirming the childโ€™s origins,
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ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืื™ืฉืจ ืืช ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ืœื“,
00:46
the sly king entrusted the boy with a letter for the queen.
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ื”ืžืœืš ื”ืขืจืžื•ืžื™ ื”ืคืงื™ื“ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื™ืœื“ ืžื›ืชื‘ ืœืžืœื›ื”.
00:50
The youth eagerly set out to deliver the messageโ€”
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ื”ื ืขืจ ื™ืฆื ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืกืจ --
00:54
not knowing he was carrying his own death sentence.
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ื‘ืœื™ ืœื“ืขืช ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื•ืฉื ืืช ืคืงื•ื“ืช ืžื•ืชื•.
00:59
That night, roaming bandits stumbled upon his camp.
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ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืœื™ืœื”, ืฉื•ื“ื“ื™ื ื ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœืžื—ื ื” ืฉืœื•.
01:03
Yet when they read the brutal letter, they were filled with pity.
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ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืฉื”ื ืงืจืื• ืืช ื”ืžื›ืชื‘ ื”ืื›ื–ืจื™, ื”ื ื”ืชืžืœืื• ื—ืžืœื”.
01:08
Deciding to make trouble for the king instead, they scribbled a new note.
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ื”ื ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืฆืจื•ืช ืœืžืœืš ื‘ืžืงื•ื, ื•ื›ืชื‘ื• ืคืชืง ื—ื“ืฉ.
01:13
As soon as the youth arrived at the palace,
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ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉื”ื ืขืจ ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืืจืžื•ืŸ,
01:15
he locked eyes with the princess.
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ื”ื•ื ื ืขืœ ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ืขื ื”ื ืกื™ื›ื”.
01:18
The two felt destined for each other.
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ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉื• ืฉื ื•ืขื“ื• ืื—ื“ ืœืฉื ื™.
01:21
And when the queen read that the king approved this union,
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ื•ื›ืฉื”ืžืœื›ื” ืงืจืื” ืฉื”ืžืœืš ืื™ืฉืจ ืืช ื”ืื™ื—ื•ื“,
01:24
she joyfully organized a whirlwind wedding.
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ื”ื™ื ืืจื’ื ื” ื‘ืฉืžื—ื” ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืžื”ื™ืจื”.
01:28
When the king returned, he was furious.
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ื›ืฉื”ืžืœืš ื—ื–ืจ, ื”ื•ื ื–ืขื.
01:31
But he couldnโ€™t execute his daughterโ€™s beloved without reason.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื›ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื•ืจื’ ืืช ืื”ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืชื• ืœืœื ืกื™ื‘ื”.
01:36
So he devised a diabolical trial.
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ืื– ื”ื•ื ื”ืขืœื” ืžื‘ื—ืŸ ืฉื˜ื ื™.
01:39
He ordered the youth to travel to Hell itself,
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ื”ื•ื ืฆื™ื•ื•ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ืœืœื›ืช ืœื’ื”ื ื•ื ืขืฆืžื•,
01:43
and return with three golden hairs freshly plucked from the Devilโ€™s head.
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ื•ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืขื ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื™ืขืจื•ืช ื–ื”ื‘ ืฉื ืงื˜ืคื• ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืžืจืืฉื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื˜ืŸ.
01:50
Only upon succeeding could he return to his bride.
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ืจืง ืขื ื”ืฆืœื—ืชื• ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœื›ืœืชื•.
01:54
The youth searched across the land for the entrance to Hell,
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ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ื—ื™ืคืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืืจืฅ ืืช ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืœื’ื”ื ื•ื,
01:58
until he finally reached an eerie village.
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ืขื“ ืฉืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื›ืคืจ ืžืคื—ื™ื“.
02:02
Here, he saw some villagers gathered around a well.
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ืคื”, ื”ื•ื ืจืื” ื›ืžื” ื›ืคืจื™ื™ื ืžืชืืกืคื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื‘ืืจ.
02:05
They closed in on the youth, refusing to let him pass
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ื”ื ืกื’ืจื• ืขืœ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ื•ืกืจื‘ื• ืœืชืช ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ
02:09
until he answered their question: why was the well dry?
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ืขื“ ืฉื™ืขื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉืืœื” ืฉืœื”ื: ืœืžื” ื”ื‘ืืจ ื™ื‘ืฉื”?
02:15
The youth replied, โ€œI will answer when I return.โ€
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ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ืขื ื”, "ืื ื™ ืืขื ื” ื›ืฉืื—ื–ื•ืจ."
02:20
They directed him further into town,
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ื”ื ื”ื ื—ื• ืื•ืชื• ืคื ื™ืžื” ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืขื™ืจ,
02:23
where he came across another set of villagers contemplating a gnarled tree.
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ืฉื ื ืคื’ืฉ ืขื ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืฉื”ืจื”ืจื• ืขืœ ืขืฅ ืžื™ื•ื‘ืœ.
02:28
They refused to let him pass until he answered their question:
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ื”ื ืกืจื‘ื• ืœืชืช ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขื“ ืฉื™ืขื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉืืœื” ืฉืœื”ื:
02:32
why was the tree barren?
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ืœืžื” ื”ืขืฅ ื”ื™ื” ืขืจื•ื?
02:34
Again, the youth responded, โ€œI will answer when I return."
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ืฉื•ื‘, ื”ื•ื ืขื ื”, "ืื ื™ ืืขื ื” ื›ืฉืื—ื–ื•ืจ."
02:40
These villagers guided him to the dock, where an elderly ferryman awaited.
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ืื ืฉื™ ื”ื›ืคืจ ื”ืืœื” ื”ื ื—ื• ืื•ืชื• ืœืžื–ื—, ืฉื ืžืฉื™ื˜ ืžืขื‘ื•ืจืช ื–ืงืŸ ื—ื™ื›ื”.
02:46
As he paddled through the black water, the ferryman rasped a third question:
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ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ืชืจ ื‘ื ื”ืจ ื”ืฉื—ื•ืจ, ืžืฉื™ื˜ ื”ืžืขื‘ื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœื” ืฉืืœื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช:
ืื™ืš ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืžื”ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื”ื ื™ืฆื—ื™ืช ืฉืœื™?
02:52
how can I escape my interminable task?
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02:56
Once more, the youth promised, โ€œI will answer when I return.โ€
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ืฉื•ื‘, ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—, "ืื ื™ ืืขื ื” ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืื—ื–ื•ืจ."
03:02
At last, they reached a hut sinking into the swampy banks of Hell.
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ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ื”ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœื‘ืงืชื” ืฉืฉื•ืงืขืช ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืฆืชื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื”ื ื•ื.
03:08
Reluctantly, the youth knocked on the rotting door.
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ื‘ื—ื•ืกืจ ืจืฆื•ืŸ, ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ื“ืคืง ืขืœ ื”ื“ืœืช ื”ืžืจืงื™ื‘ื”.
03:12
The devilโ€™s grandmother answered his call.
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ืกื‘ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื˜ืŸ ืขื ืชื” ืœืงืจื™ืืชื•.
03:15
She was known to help some visiting souls, and harm others.
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ื”ื™ื” ื™ื“ื•ืข ืฉื”ื™ื ืขื•ื–ืจืช ืœื›ืžื” ื ืฉืžื•ืช ืžื‘ืงืจื•ืช, ื•ืคื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ืื—ืจื•ืช.
03:20
The youth had just finished his story when they heard the devilโ€™s footsteps.
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ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืกื™ื™ื ืืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจื• ื›ืฉื”ื ืฉืžืขื• ืืช ืคืกื™ืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื˜ืŸ.
03:25
Without warning, the boyโ€™s world appeared to shrink.
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ื‘ืœื™ ืื–ื”ืจื”, ื ืจืื” ืฉืขื•ืœืžื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืฅ.
03:29
The devilโ€™s grandmother lifted him into the folds of her sleeve,
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ืกื‘ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื˜ืŸ ื”ืจื™ืžื” ืื•ืชื• ืœืชื•ืš ืงืคืœื™ ืฉืจื•ื•ืœื”,
03:33
and welcomed her grandson.
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ื•ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืืช ื ื›ื“ื”.
03:36
The old woman set to work, lavishing the devil with food and drink.
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ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื”ื–ืงื ื” ื™ืฆืื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื•ื”ืื‘ื™ืกื” ืืช ื”ืฉื˜ืŸ ื‘ืื•ื›ืœ ื•ืฉืชื™ื”.
03:41
When he fell asleep, she deftly plucked three gleaming hairs from his head.
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ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื ืจื“ื, ื”ื™ื ืชืœืฉื” ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื™ืขืจื•ืช ื–ื•ื”ืจื•ืช ืžืจืืฉื•.
03:48
With each plucked hair, the Devil briefly awoke and complained about his dreams,
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ืขื ื›ืœ ืชืœื™ืฉื” ื”ืฉื˜ืŸ ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจ ื‘ืงืฆืจื” ื•ื”ืชืœื•ื ืŸ ืขืœ ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืชื™ื•,
03:54
full of nearby villagers and their problems.
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ืžืœื ื‘ื›ืคืจื™ื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื.
03:58
The next morning, the youth departedโ€”
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ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื”ื‘ื, ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ื™ืฆื ืœื“ืจืš --
04:01
armed with three golden hairs, and three pieces of information.
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ื—ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื™ืขืจื•ืช ื–ื”ื‘, ื•ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืคื™ืกื•ืช ืžื™ื“ืข.
04:07
He shared the devilโ€™s first dream with the ferryman.
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ื”ื•ื ื—ืœืง ืืช ื”ื—ืœื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื˜ืŸ ืขื ืžืฉื™ื˜ ื”ืžืขื‘ื•ืจืช.
04:11
If the boatman could hand his oars to a willing passenger,
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ืื ื”ื™ืžืื™ ื™ื•ืฉื™ื˜ ืืช ืžืฉื•ื˜ื• ืœื ื•ืกืข ืžื•ื›ืŸ,
04:15
he would be free from his task.
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ื”ื•ื ื™ืฉืชื—ืจืจ ืžืžืฉื™ืžืชื•.
04:18
Back at the village, the youth declared that there was a mouse
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ื—ื–ืจื” ื‘ื›ืคืจ, ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ื”ื›ืจื™ื– ืฉื”ื™ื” ืขื›ื‘ืจ
04:22
gnawing at the root of the tree, and an enormous toad blocking the well.
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ืฉืžื›ืจืกื ืืช ืฉื•ืจืฉื™ ื”ืขืฅ, ื•ืงืจืคื“ื” ืขืฆื•ืžื” ืฉื—ื•ืกืžืช ืืช ื”ื‘ืืจ.
04:28
The villagers rewarded him handsomely for his help.
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ื”ื›ืคืจื™ื™ื ืชื’ืžืœื• ืื•ืชื• ื™ืคื” ืขืœ ืขื–ืจืชื•.
04:32
Back from his journey, the youth thrust the devilโ€™s hairs at the kingโ€”
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ื›ืฉื—ื–ืจ ืžื”ืžืกืข, ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ื–ืจืง ืืช ืฉื™ืขืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื˜ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืžืœืš --
04:37
but his greedy father-in-law only had eyes for the gold.
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ืื‘ืœ ื—ืžื• ืจื•ื“ืฃ ื”ื‘ืฆืข ืจืื” ืจืง ืืช ื”ื–ื”ื‘.
04:42
The sly youth told the king that even greater wealth awaited him
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ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ื”ืขืจืžื•ืžื™ ืืžืจ ืœืžืœืš ืฉืขื•ืฉืจ ืืคื™ืœื• ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื—ื›ื” ืœื•
04:46
across the river.
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ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ืจ.
04:48
Immediately, the king hastened to the riverbank.
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ืžื™ื™ื“, ื”ืžืœืš ืžื™ื”ืจ ืœื’ื“ืช ื”ื ื”ืจ.
04:51
Eager to claim his riches,
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ืœื”ื•ื˜ ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ืขื•ืฉืจ ืฉืœื•,
04:53
he held out his hands impatiently to the grinning ferrymanโ€”
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืฉื™ื˜ ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื• ื‘ื—ื•ืกืจ ืกื‘ืœื ื•ืช ืœืื™ืฉ ื”ืžืขื‘ื•ืจืช ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ืš --
04:58
who happily handed over his oars.
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ืฉื”ื•ืฉื™ื˜ ืœื• ื‘ืฉืžื—ื” ืืช ื”ืžืฉื•ื˜ื™ื.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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