The secret student resistance to Hitler - Iseult Gillespie

Translator: Elda Indria Sari Reviewer: Made Pramana

In 1943 Allied aircraft swooped over Nazi Germany,

Pada tahun 1943, pesawat Sekutu mengudara di langit Nazi Jerman,

raining tens of thousands of leaflets on people below.

menjatuhkan puluhan ribu selebaran ke orang-orang di bawahnya.

Written by anonymous Germans, the leaflets urged readers to renounce Hitler,

Ditulis oleh warga Jerman anonim,

selebaran itu mendorong pembaca agar meninggalkan Hitler,

to fight furiously for the future— and to never give up hope.

berjuang demi masa depan— dan tak pernah menyerah.

Their call to action rippled through homes and businesses—

Seruan aksi mereka menyebar ke rumah-rumah dan bisnis—

and news of their message even reached concentration camps and prisons.

beritanya bahkan sampai ke kamp konsentrasi dan penjara.

It was only after the war had ended that the authors’ identities, stories,

Setelah perang usai, barulah identitas, cerita,

and tragic fate would come to light.

dan nasib tragis penulisnya terkuak.

When Hitler seized power 10 years earlier,

Ketika Hitler merebut kekuasaan 10 tahun sebelumnya,

Hans and Sophie Scholl were teenagers in the town of Forchtenberg.

Hans dan Sophie Scholl masih remaja di kota Forchtenberg.

At that time, fear, propaganda, and surveillance

Saat itu, ketakutan, propaganda, dan pengawasan

kept all aspects of life for the Scholl family and millions of other Germans

membuat kehidupan keluarga Scholl dan jutaan warga Jerman lain

under Nazi control.

berada di bawah kendali Nazi.

The government specifically targeted young people,

Pemerintah khususnya menargetkan anak muda,

setting up institutions to regulate their behavior and police their thoughts.

mendirikan institusi guna mengatur perilaku dan pikiran mereka.

As teenagers, Hans was a member of the Hitler Youth

Sebagai remaja, Hans merupakan anggota dari Hitler Youth

and Sophie joined The League of German Girls.

dan Sophie bergabung dengan The League of German Girls.

Hans rose through the ranks

Peringkat Hans melesat

and oversaw the training and indoctrination of other young people.

dan ia mengawasi pelatihan dan indoktrinasi remaja lain.

In 1936, he was chosen to carry the flag at a national rally.

Tahun 1936, dia terpilih membawa bendera di reli nasional.

But when he witnessed the zeal of Nazi rhetoric,

Namun saat dia melihat semangat retorik Nazi,

he began to question it for the first time.

dia mulai menyangsikannya untuk pertama kali.

Meanwhile, Sophie was also starting to doubt the information she was being fed.

Sementara itu, Sophie juga mulai meragukan informasi yang didapatnya.

Their parents Robert and Magdalena,

Orang tua mereka Robert dan Magdalena,

who had feared they were losing their children to Nazi ideology,

yang khawatir anak-anak mereka terpengaruh ideologi Nazi,

encouraged these misgivings.

memperkuat keraguan mereka.

At home, Robert and Magdalena listened to foreign radio stations

Di rumah, Robert dan Magdalena mendengarkan stasiun radio asing

that the government first discouraged and later banned.

yang mulanya tidak dianjurkan kemudian dilarang oleh pemerintah.

While the government churned out national broadcasts which denied Nazi atrocities,

Saat pemerintah menggalakkan siaran nasional

yang menyangkal kekejaman Nazi,

the Scholls learned shocking truths.

keluarga Scholl mengetahui kebenaran yang mengejutkan.

And yet, they were still subject to the rules of life in Hitler’s Germany.

Namun, mereka masih berada di bawah aturan Jerman Hitler.

After the outbreak of war,

Setelah perang pecah,

Sophie reluctantly worked for the national effort,

Sophie dengan enggan bekerja untuk upaya nasional,

and Hans had to take on army duties while attending medical school in Munich.

dan Hans mengemban tugas tentara sambil kuliah kedokteran di Munich.

That was where Hans met Christoph Probst, Willi Graf and Alexander Schmorell.

Disanalah Hans bertemu Christoph Probst, Willi Graf dan Alexander Schmorell.

Day by day, each grew more sickened by Nazi ideology.

Hari demi hari, mereka semakin muak dengan ideologi Nazi.

They longed to share their views.

Mereka ingin berbagi wawasan.

But how could they spread them, when it was impossible to know who to trust?

Namun bagaimana caranya jika tak tahu siapa yang bisa dipercaya?

And so, the friends decided to rebel anonymously.

Maka, mereka memutuskan untuk memberontak secara anonim.

They pooled their money and bought printing materials.

Mereka mengumpulkan uang dan membeli bahan cetak.

An acquaintance let them use a cellar under his studio.

Seorang kenalan meminjamkan gudang di bawah studionya.

Diam-diam, mereka mulai menyusun pesan mereka.

In secret, they began drafting their message.

In June 1942, mysterious anti-Nazi leaflets began appearing all over Munich.

Juni 1942, selebaran anti-Nazi misterius mulai bermunculan di Munich.

They were signed: the White Rose.

Pesan itu ditandatangani: White Rose.

The first leaflet denounced Hitler

Selebaran pertama mencela Hitler

and called for Germans to sabotage the war effort:

dan mengajak warga Jerman agar menyabotase upaya perang:

“Adopt passive resistance…

"Jalankan resistensi pasif...

block the functioning of this atheistic war machine before it is too late,

blokir fungsi mesin tempur atheis ini sebelum terlambat,

before the last city is a heap of rubble…

sebelum kota terakhir menjadi reruntuhan...

before the last youth of our nation bleeds to death...

sebelum pemuda terakhir bangsa kita mati...

Don’t forget that each people gets the government it deserves!”

Jangan lupa tiap orang mendapat pemerintah yang layak!"

At a time when a sarcastic remark could constitute treason,

Di masa komentar sarkastik bisa dianggap pengkhianatan,

this language was unprecedented.

tulisan ini tak pernah ada sebelumnya.

It was written mostly by Hans Scholl.

Selebaran itu sebagian besar ditulis oleh Hans Scholl.

In 1942, Sophie came to Munich knowing nothing of her brother’s activities.

Tahun 1942, Sophie yang tak tahu kegiatan sang kakak datang ke Munich.

She soon encountered the leaflets at school.

Dia pun mendapatkan selebaran itu di sekolah.

But it was not until she discovered evidence in Han’s room

Namun baru setelah dia menemukan bukti di kamar Hans

that she realized who’d written them.

dia sadar siapa penulisnya.

Her shock soon gave way to resolve: she wanted in.

Rasa terkejutnya sekejap berganti: dia ingin bergabung.

For both siblings, it was time to escalate the fury that had been brewing for years.

Bagi mereka, inilah saat menyebarkan kemarahan selama bertahun-tahun.

From June 1942 to February 1943, the group worked feverishly.

Dari Juni 1942 hingga Februari 1943, kelompok itu bekerja cepat.

While the Gestapo searched for leads,

Saat Gestapo memburu petunjuk,

the White Rose were constantly on guard.

White Rose selalu berjaga-jaga.

The war raged on. Regulations tightened, and Munich suffered air raids.

Perang berlanjut. Peraturan diperketat, dan Munich mendapat serangan udara.

But the White Rose ventured deeper into conspiracy.

Namun White Rose terjun lebih dalam ke konspirasi.

They graffitied buildings and braved trains swarming with Gestapo.

Mereka mencorat-coret dinding dan menaiki kereta penuh Gestapo.

In the winter of 1942,

Di musim dingin tahun 1942,

Hans made a treacherous journey to the Czechoslovakian border

Hans melakukan perjalanan berbahaya ke perbatasan Cekoslowakia

to meet anti-Nazi rebels.

untuk bertemu pemberontak anti-Nazi.

On February 18, 1943,

Tanggal 18 Februari 1943,

Sophie and Hans brought a suitcase of leaflets to their university.

Sophie dan Hans membawa koper berisi selebaran ke kampus mereka.

A custodian noticed what they were doing and reported them to the Gestapo.

Seorang petugas memergoki mereka dan melapor ke Gestapo.

Both calmly denied any involvement—

Keduanya dengan tenang menyangkal keterlibatan—

until the police gathered all the leaflets and placed them back in the empty case,

sampai polisi mengembalikan semua selebaran ke koper kosong,

where they fit perfectly.

di mana ukurannya sesuai.

When Hans and Sophie confessed,

Ketika Hans dan Sophie mengaku,

they were immediately led to court and sentenced to death by guillotine.

mereka diadili dan dijatuhi hukuman mati dengan guillotine.

Despite a grueling interrogation, the two refused to betray their co-conspirators.

Walau diinterogasi dengan keras, keduanya tak mengkhianati rekan konspirator mereka.

Before her execution, Sophie declared her fury at the state of her country.

Sebelum dieksekusi, Sophie menyerukan kemarahan atas kondisi negaranya.

But she also spoke to a more hopeful future:

Namun dia juga berbicara demi masa depan yang lebih baik:

“How can we expect righteousness to prevail when there is hardly anyone

"Bagaimana kita mengharapkan keadilan jika tak ada orang

willing to give himself up individually to a righteous cause?

yang rela berkoban untuk hal yang benar?

Such a fine, sunny day, and I have to go,

Hari ini indah, dan aku harus pergi,

but what does my death matter, if through us,

namun apalah arti kematianku, jika lewat kami,

thousands of people are awakened and stirred to action?”

ribuan orang akan bangkit dan bergerak melawan?"