Can you cheat death by solving this riddle? - Shravan S K

5,165,465 views ・ 2021-06-24

TED-Ed


Please double-click on the English subtitles below to play the video.

Translator: Helena Martinez Reviewer: Pilar Ciriquian Esguerra
00:07
You and your best friend Bill are the greatest bards in the kingdom—
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Tu i el teu millor amic Bill sou els millors bards del regne,
00:11
but maybe not the brightest.
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però no els més llestos.
00:13
The hit song you performed at last night’s fair insulted the king,
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La cançó estrella que vau tocar la nit del festival va insultar al rei,
00:17
and now your hours are numbered.
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i ara les vostres hores estan comptades.
00:20
Just before your execution,
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Poc abans de l’execució,
00:22
you’re approached by the princess, who happens to be a big fan.
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se t’acosta la princesa, qui resulta ser una gran admiradora.
00:25
She slips you a pouch containing two magic, six-sided dice
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I et dona una bosseta que conté dos daus màgics
00:30
that can land any way you wish.
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que donaran el número que vulguis.
00:32
You have no idea how this could possibly help, but you thank her anyways.
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No saps com això t’ajudarà, però li agraeixes igualment
00:36
As everything goes dark,
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Quan ja és fosc,
00:38
you both suddenly find yourself standing in a deep cavern before a robed figure.
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el teu amic i tu us trobeu en una cova davant d’una figura amb túnica.
00:43
It turns out that Death is a connoisseur of most excellent music.
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Resulta que la Mort té un coneixement excel·lent de música.
00:49
He’s decided to give you a chance to escape your fate
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Ha decidit donar-vos una oportunitat per escapar d’aquest destí.
00:52
by beating him at his favorite game: life-sized Snakes and Ladders.
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Heu de guanyar-li al seu joc preferit: Serps i Escales.
00:57
The cavern has 100 rooms connected by passageways
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La caverna conté 100 habitacions connectades per passadissos
01:01
as well as— you guessed it— snakes and ladders.
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i a més a més, ho has endevinat, serps i escales.
01:04
Each turn one of you will roll a die, then advance that many rooms.
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A cada torn tirareu el dau, avançant el nombre habitacions que surti.
01:08
Ending your move at the bottom of a ladder means moving up to the top,
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Acabar el torn sota una escala significa pujar a dalt de tot,
01:12
while ending on a snake’s head will make you slide down to its tail.
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però acabar al cap d’una serp significa baixar fins a la cua.
01:17
Each of you must make your way through the cavern
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Cada un de vosaltres ha de moure’s per la caverna
01:19
and reach the exit in fewer turns than Death himself.
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i trobar la sortida en menys torns que la Mort mateixa.
01:24
Before you can think twice, your host starts casting his die,
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Abans de poder fer res, l’amfitrió comença a tirar el seu dau,
01:28
and within 6 rolls he’s reached the cavern entrance.
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i arriba a l’entrada de la caverna en 6 tirades.
01:33
“Better get moving,” he says.
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“Ja us podeu espavilar,” us diu.
01:35
“Oh, and by the way, once one of you uses a snake or ladder,
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“Ah, per cert, una vegada feu servir una serp o una escala,
01:39
it’ll disappear and be inaccessible to the other.”
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desapareixerà i serà inaccessible per a l’altre.”
01:43
You have no idea how you can possibly get lucky enough to win,
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No tens ni idea de com podrieu tenir tanta sort com per guanyar,
01:47
but then you remember your magic dice.
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fins que recordes els daus màgics.
01:50
Can you figure out a sequence of rolls that will get both of you to the exit
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Pots esbrinar la seqüència de tirades que us portarà a la sortida
01:53
in 5 or fewer moves each?
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en 5 moviments o menys?
01:56
Pause here to figure it out yourself. Answer in 3
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[PREM PAUSA SI HO VOLS ESBRINAR TU] [RESPOSTA EN 3]
01:59
Answer in 2
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[RESPOSTA EN 2]
02:01
Answer in 1
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[RESPOSTA EN 1]
02:04
The cavern contains many routes to the exit,
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La caverna conté moltes rutes cap a la sortida,
02:06
and it’s natural to gravitate to the ladders
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i el més natural és pensar a agafar escales
02:09
that allow you to cover a lot of ground, quickly.
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que et permeten cobrir més terreny, de manera ràpida.
02:12
Like this one— on turn 2 you’d be at 75,
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Com aquesta, al segon torn ja series a la casella 75,
02:15
but without any further ladder boosts, you’d need another 5 rolls to get out.
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però sense més escales, necessitaràs 5 tirades per sortir del tot.
02:20
Or this one— three ladders get you to 82,
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O aquesta, tres escales et porten a la casella 82,
02:24
but then it would take another 4 rolls to get around the pesky snake at 88.
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però et quedaran 4 tirades per rodejar aquesta serp de la casella 88.
02:29
In fact, there’s no path that can get you to the exit
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De fet, no hi ha cap camí que et portarà a la sortida
02:32
in 5 moves using exclusively ladders.
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en 5 moviments fent servir només escales.
02:36
So where does that leave you?
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Aleshores, què et queda?
02:37
Snakes.
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Les serps.
02:38
It’s counterintuitive to make moves that take you farther away
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Va contra la teva intuïció fer moviments que t’allunyen
02:42
from your target,
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del teu objectiu,
02:43
but snakes open up a surprising amount of opportunities.
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però les serps et donen més oportunitats.
02:47
For instance, these three ladders would put you a single roll from the exit,
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Per exemple, aquestes 3 escales et deixen a una tirada de la sortida,
02:52
but cost too many turns to reach by ladders.
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però et portarà molts torns fent servir només escales.
02:55
These two are, however, only 5 and 12 rooms from snake tails, respectively.
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Tot i això, aquestes dues estan a una distància de 5 i 12 d’una cua de serp.
03:01
So could you work backwards from those to find a 5 roll path?
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Series capaç de trobar un camí que et porti aquí en 5 torns?
03:06
There are exactly two 5-turn routes you might find using these ladders:
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Hi ha exactament dues rutes de 5 torns fent servir aquestes dues escales:
03:12
Ladder snake snake ladder exit,
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Escala, serp, serp, escala, sortida;
03:16
and ladder ladder snake ladder exit.
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i escala, escala, serp, escala, sortida.
03:22
So that’s it, right? Unfortunately, no—
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Doncs, ja està, no? Per desgràcia, no.
03:26
the two paths share a snake and a ladder,
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Els dos camins comparteixen una serp i una escala,
03:29
each of which will be unusable after the first of you slides and then climbs.
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i cadascuna serà inservible un cop passi un dels dos.
03:34
You won’t find 5-turn moves anywhere else,
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No trobaràs més rutes de 5 torns enlloc,
03:37
so is one of you doomed?
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un dels dos està condemnat?
03:39
There’s one more possibility to consider:
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Hi ha una altra possibilitat a tenir en compte:
03:42
the disappearing ladders and snakes can impede your progress,
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les serps i escales que desapareixen poden impedir el teu progrés,
03:46
but could they also help it?
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però també podrien ajudar-te.
03:48
There are two paths to the 94 ladder that almost work,
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Hi ha dos camins que podrien portar-te a l’escala de la casella 94,
03:52
except for this snake,
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si no fos per aquesta serp,
03:53
at exactly the midpoint between the two ladders.
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just al mig de les dues escales.
03:56
If Bill were to take that snake on his route,
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Si en Bill fes servir aquesta serp en la seva ruta,
03:59
you could then get past it and up to the exit in just 5 moves.
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tu podries passar per allà i cap a la sortida en 5 moviments.
04:04
And good news— whichever path you choose,
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Bones notícies, triïs el camí que triïs,
04:07
one of the 5-roll paths we found earlier does exactly that
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un dels camins que havíem trobat abans fa exactament això
04:11
without using any of your snakes or ladders.
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sense fer servir cap de les teves serps o escales.
04:14
So all you need is for Bill to go first and stick to the plan.
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Ara només necessites que en Bill vagi primer i segueixi el teu pla.
04:19
You and Bill both reach the cavern entrance
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Tu i en Bill arribeu a la sortida de la caverna
04:21
and climb back into the public square, to everyone’s surprise.
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i escaleu fins a la plaça del poble, on sorpreneu a tothom.
04:25
Before the guards can seize you again,
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Abans que els guardes us enxampin,
04:27
you wow the crowd— and king— with a song about your epic contest with Death.
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sorpreneu l’audiència, i al rei, amb una cançó sobre la vostra aventura èpica.
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