Beverly + Dereck Joubert: Life lessons from big cats

77,821 views ・ 2010-12-20

TED


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譯者: yuanyuan liang 審譯者: Geoff Chen
00:15
Beverly Joubert: We are truly passionate
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Beverly Joubert說:我們真的非常熱心於
00:17
about the African wilderness
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非洲的自然原生態
00:19
and protecting the African wilderness,
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以及對這些原生態的保護。
00:21
and so what we've done
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因此一直以來
00:23
is we've focused on iconic cats.
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我們都集中關注這些有代表性的貓科動物。
00:26
And I know,
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是的我知道,
00:28
in the light of human suffering and poverty
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相比起人類的苦難和貧窮
00:30
and even climate change,
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甚至是氣候變化,
00:32
one would wonder,
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你也許會問,
00:34
why worry about a few cats?
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何必為幾隻貓操心?
00:37
Well today we're here
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今天我們在這裡
00:39
to share with you a message that we have learned
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和大家分享我們所學到的一個訊息
00:41
from a very important and special character --
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從一個非常重要和特殊的對象那裡學到的——
00:44
this leopard.
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就是這頭花豹。
00:46
Dereck Joubert: Well, our lives have basically been
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Dereck Joubert說:基本上我們的生活一直以來
00:49
like a super long episode of "CSI" --
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就是一集超長的“犯罪現場調查”(CSI)——
00:51
something like 28 years.
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整整長達28年。
00:54
In essence, what we've done
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根本上,我們一直所做的
00:56
is we've studied the science, we've looked at the behavior,
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就是研究這個學科,觀察動物的行為,
00:58
we've seen over 2,000 kills
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我們看到兩千多次
01:00
by these amazing animals.
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這種令人驚歎的動物施行的獵殺。
01:03
But one of the things that science really lets us down on
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但是其中一樣科學無法告訴我們的
01:06
is that personality,
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是個性,
01:08
that individual personality that these animals have.
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就是每一個動物所有的獨特個性。
01:12
And here's a prime example.
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這就是主要例子。
01:14
We found this leopard in a 2,000-year-old
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我們在非洲一棵兩千年的
01:16
baobab tree in Africa,
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猴麵包樹上,發現的這隻花豹。
01:18
the same tree that we found her mother in
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就在同一棵樹上我們還觀察過她的母親
01:20
and her grandmother.
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和她的外祖母。
01:22
And she took us on a journey
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她帶領我們踏上一段旅程
01:25
and revealed something very special to us --
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向我們展現了一些非常特殊的東西——
01:28
her own daughter, eight days old.
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她的女兒,八天大。
01:30
And the minute we found this leopard,
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當我們發現這隻花豹的那刻,
01:32
we realized that we needed to move in,
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我們就意識到我們需要搬來這裡。
01:34
and so we basically stayed with this leopard
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於是我們基本上就和這隻花豹在一起
01:36
for the next four-and-a-half years --
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在接下來的四年半時間裡——
01:38
following her every day,
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追蹤她的每一天,
01:40
getting to know her,
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逐步瞭解她,
01:42
that individual personality of hers,
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她的獨特個性,
01:44
and really coming to know her.
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然後真正地認識了她。
01:46
Now I'm destined
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我真是命中註定
01:49
to spend a lot of time
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要花大量的時間
01:51
with some unique,
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和一些獨特的,
01:53
very, very special,
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非常特立獨行的
01:55
individualistic
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充滿個性,
01:57
and often seductive female characters.
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同時也非常有魅力的女性在一起。
02:00
(Laughter)
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(觀眾笑聲)
02:02
Beverly's clearly one of them,
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Beverly顯然是其中之一,
02:05
and this little leopard, Legadema, is another,
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而這頭小花豹,Legadema則是另一個,
02:08
and she changed our lives.
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她改變了我們的生活。
02:10
BJ: Well we certainly did spend a lot of time with her --
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BJ: 我們的確花了很多時間和她在一起——
02:13
in fact, more time than even her mother did.
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事實上,多過她媽媽和她一起的時間。
02:15
When her mother would go off hunting,
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當她媽媽出去獵食時,
02:17
we would stay and film.
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我們還在那裡拍攝。
02:19
And early on, a lightning bolt hit a tree
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早先時候,一道大閃電劈中一棵樹,
02:22
20 paces away from us.
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離我們就20步的距離。
02:24
It was frightening,
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當時非常嚇人。
02:26
and it showered us with leaves and a pungent smell.
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葉子像下雨一樣落到我們頭上,還伴隨著很難聞的味道。
02:29
And of course, we were stunned for a while,
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當然我們有一陣都嚇懵了,
02:31
but when we managed to get our wits about us,
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但當我們回過神來時,
02:34
we looked at it and said, "My gosh,
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我們看向那邊想說,“天啊,
02:36
what's going to happen with that little cub?
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那個小豹子會怎麼想?
02:38
She's probably going to forever associate
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她可能會永遠地把
02:40
that deafening crash with us."
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那聲震耳欲聾的聲音和我們兩個聯繫起來。”
02:43
Well, we needn't have worried.
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其實我們一點都不需要擔心。
02:45
She came charging out of the thicket straight towards us,
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她從灌木叢中筆直地沖向我們,
02:48
sat next to us, shivering,
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坐在我們旁邊,瑟瑟發抖,
02:51
with her back towards Dereck, and looking out.
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她背對著Dereck,四處張望。
02:54
And actually from that day on,
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事實上就是從那天起,
02:56
she's been comfortable with us.
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她接受了我們的存在。
02:58
So we felt that that day
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因此我們覺得就是在那天,
03:00
was the day that she really earned her name.
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她真正獲得了屬於自己的名字。
03:02
We called her Legadema,
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我們叫她Legadema
03:04
which means, "light from the sky."
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意思就是“來自天空的閃電。”
03:07
DJ: Now we've found these individualisms
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DJ:現在我們已經在各種動物身上
03:09
in all sorts of animals,
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發現它們各自的性格。
03:11
in particular in the cats.
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尤其是貓科動物。
03:13
This particular one is called Eetwidomayloh,
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這是Eetwidomayloh,
03:15
"he who greets with fire,"
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意思就是:烈焰騰騰。
03:17
and you can just see that about him, you know -- that's his character.
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你一看到它的樣子就能瞭解到,你知道——這就是它的性格。
03:20
But only by getting up close to these animals
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但是只有通過貼近這些動物,
03:22
and spending time with them
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和牠們長時間在一起
03:24
can we actually even reach out
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我們才能真正接觸到
03:26
and dig out these personal characters that they have.
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挖掘出牠們所具有的這些個性。
03:28
BJ: But through our investigation,
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BJ:但是在我們的探索過程中,
03:30
we have to seek the wildest places in Africa.
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我們不得不尋找非洲最為荒野的地方。
03:33
And right now this is in the Okavango Delta
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這裡是Okavango三角洲,
03:35
in Botswana.
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位於博茨瓦納。
03:37
Yes, it is swamp. We live in the swamp in a tent,
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是的,這裡是沼澤地。我們就住在沼澤地的一個帳篷裏。
03:40
but I must tell you, every day is exhilarating.
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但是我必須告訴你們,這裡的每一天都是激動人心的。
03:43
But also, our hearts are in our throats
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但是同時,提心吊膽的情況
03:45
a huge amount of the time,
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也占據了多數時間,
03:47
because we're driving through water,
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因為我們要開車涉水,
03:49
and it's an unknown territory.
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而這裡是一片未知的領域。
03:51
But we're really there
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但我們確實在那裡
03:53
seeking and searching and filming the iconic cats.
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尋找,追蹤並拍攝這些大型貓科動物。
03:56
DJ: Now one of the big things, of course,
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DJ: 其中一大發現就是,當然,
03:58
everybody knows that cats hate water,
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每個人都知道,貓不喜歡水。
04:01
and so this was a real revelation for us.
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所以這對我們來說真是一個大發現。
04:03
And we could only find this by pushing ourselves,
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而我們要想發現這個就必須逼著自己,
04:06
by going where no sane person should go --
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去到理智的人不會去的地方——
04:11
not without some prompting, by the way, from Beverly --
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順便說一句,Beverly起了很大的督促作用——
04:14
and just pushing the envelope,
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這樣不斷地打破底線,
04:16
going out there, pushing our vehicle, pushing ourselves.
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去到荒無人煙的地方,考驗我們的車子,也考驗我們自己。
04:19
But we've managed to find that these lions
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但我們費儘艱辛終於發現,這些獅子
04:21
are 15 percent bigger than any others,
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比其他獅子大百分之十五,
04:23
and they specialize in hunting buffalo in the water.
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牠們的獨特之處就在於專門在水裡捕捉野牛。
04:27
BJ: And then of course, the challenge
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BJ: 當然另一個考驗在於
04:29
is knowing when to turn around.
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知道什麽時候該掉頭轉向。
04:32
We don't always get that right,
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我們對轉向的時機把握的不是太好。
04:34
and on this particular day,
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尤其是這一天,
04:36
we seriously underestimated the depth.
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我們嚴重地低估了水深。
04:39
We got deeper and deeper,
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陷得越來越深,
04:41
until it was at Dereck's chest-height.
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一直淹到了Dereck的胸口。
04:43
Well then we hit a deep depression,
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然後我們撞進一個很深的窪地裡頭,
04:46
and we seriously submerged the vehicle.
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水把車子淹得很厲害。
04:49
We actually managed to drown
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我們實際上不得不任由
04:51
two million dollars' worth of camera gear.
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200萬美元的攝像器材淹沒在水裡。
04:54
We drowned our pride, I must tell you,
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一同淹沒的還有我們的驕傲,我不得不說,
04:56
which was really serious,
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那次真的很嚴重,
04:58
and we seized the engine.
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而且發動機抱缸了(基本等於報廢)。
05:01
DJ: And of course, one of the rules that we have in the vehicle
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DJ: 當然,我們車上的其中一條軍規就是
05:03
is that he who drowns the vehicle
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誰把車開到水裡
05:05
gets to swim with the crocodiles.
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誰就下去和鱷魚游泳。
05:07
(Laughter)
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(觀眾笑聲)
05:09
You will notice also that all of these images here
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你還會注意到這裡所有的圖片
05:11
are taken from the top angle by Beverly --
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都是Beverly從高處拍的——
05:13
the dry top angle, by the way.
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順便說一句,是乾燥的高處。
05:15
(Laughter)
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(觀眾笑聲)
05:18
But all the places we get stuck in really have great views.
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但是所有這些令我們陷入困境的地方都讓我們歎為觀止。
05:21
And it wasn't a moment, and these lions came back towards us,
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這樣的事情發生過不止一次,這些獅子向我們走來,
05:24
and Beverly was able to get a great photograph.
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Beverly 得以拍到絕佳的照片。
05:26
BJ: But we truly do
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BJ: 但是我們確實
05:28
spend day and night
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日日夜夜
05:30
trying to capture unique footage.
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都在努力抓住那些獨一無二的瞬間。
05:32
And 20 years ago,
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20年前,
05:34
we did a film called "Eternal Enemies"
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我們拍攝了一部影片,叫做“永遠的敵人”
05:36
where we managed to capture
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在這部影片裡我們得以捕捉到
05:38
this unusual disturbing behavior across two species --
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這種異常令人不安的行為出現在兩種動物之間——
05:41
lions and hyenas.
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獅子和鬣狗。
05:43
And surprisingly, it became a cult film.
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令人驚訝的是,這片子竟然成為一部邪典電影。
05:46
And we can only work that out
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我們唯一能想到的理由就是
05:48
as people were seeing parallels
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人們看到了
05:50
between the thuggish side of nature
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自然界中殘忍殺戮的一面與
05:53
and gang warfare.
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黑幫火拼之間的關聯。
05:55
DJ: It was amazing, because you can see that this lion
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DJ: 這真是很神奇,因為你能看到這頭雄獅
05:58
is doing exactly what his name,
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確實像它的名字的含義一樣,
06:00
Eetwidomayloh, represents.
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殺氣騰騰。
06:02
He's focused on this hyena,
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它盯上了這隻鬣狗,
06:04
and he is going to get it.
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即將要獵殺它。
06:07
(Animal sounds)
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(動物嚎叫)
06:11
But that's, I think, what this is all about,
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但我認為這就是這部影片的目的所在,
06:14
is that these individuals have these personalities and characters.
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即所有這些動物都帶有它們各自的性格和特點。
06:17
But for us to get them, not only do we push ourselves,
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而在我們拍攝它們期間,我們不僅要挑戰自己的底線,
06:20
but we live by certain rules of engagement,
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我們還遵循著一些互動原則,
06:23
which mean we can't interfere.
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就是說我們不能干涉。
06:25
This sort of behavior has been going on
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這樣的行為已經持續了
06:27
for three, four, five million years,
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大約三,四,五百萬年之久,
06:29
and we can't step in and say, "That's wrong, and that's right."
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我們不能突然站出來說,“這樣是錯的,那樣是對的。”
06:32
But that's not always easy for us.
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但對我們來說往往不易做到。
06:35
BJ: So, as Dereck says,
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BJ: 正如Dereck所說,
06:37
we have to work through extremes --
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我們必須經歷很多極端的情況——
06:39
extreme temperatures, push ourselves at night.
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夜晚我們被迫經歷極端的溫度狀況,
06:41
Sleep deprivation is extreme.
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睡眠缺乏也相當嚴重。
06:44
We're on the edge
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在絕大部份時間裡,
06:46
through a large part of the time.
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我們都處在臨界的狀態。
06:48
But, for 10 years, we tried to capture
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在十年間,我們試圖拍攝到
06:50
lions and elephants together --
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獅子和大象在一起——
06:53
and never ever managed
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卻從未成功
06:55
until this particular night.
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直到這天晚上。
06:58
And I have to tell you
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我必須告訴你們
07:00
that it was a disturbing night for me.
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對我來說這是非常不安的一個晚上。
07:02
I had tears rolling down my cheeks.
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我熱淚滾滾,
07:04
I was shaking with anxiety,
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焦急得瑟瑟發抖。
07:07
but I knew that [I had] to capture something
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但是我知道這是爲了拍攝到
07:09
that had never been seen before, had never been documented.
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以前從未有人目睹,也從未被記錄下來的情景。
07:12
And I do believe you should stay with us.
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而我堅信你們應該和我們一起看下去。
07:16
DJ: The amazing thing about these moments --
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DJ:這些時刻的神奇之處——
07:18
and this is probably a highlight of our career --
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而這可能也是我們事業的精彩之處——
07:21
is that you never know how it's going to end.
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就在於你從來不知道事情將會如何結束。
07:30
Many people believe, in fact,
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很多人都會覺得,事實上,
07:32
that death begins in the eyes, not in the heart,
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死亡始於眼睛,而不是內心,
07:34
not in the lungs,
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更不是始於肺部。
07:36
and that's when people give up hope,
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而這就是當人放棄希望的樣子,
07:38
or when any life form gives up hope.
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或是任何生命放棄希望的樣子。
07:40
And you can see the start of it here.
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你可以看到,從這裡就開始了。
07:44
This elephant, against overwhelming odds,
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這頭大象,在寡不敵眾的情況下,
07:47
simply gives up hope.
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乾脆放棄了希望。
08:01
But by the same token,
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但是同樣的情況下,
08:04
you can get your hope back again.
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你也可以重新燃起希望。
08:08
So just when you think it's all over, something else happens,
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所以就在你認為一切已經結束時,有什麽事情發生了,
08:11
some spark gets into you,
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一些小火花激勵了你,
08:13
some sort of will to fight --
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某種戰鬥下去的願望——
08:16
that iron will that we all have,
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我們每個人都有這種堅強的意志,
08:18
that this elephant has,
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這頭大象有,
08:20
that conservation has, that big cats have.
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自然保護區有,大貓們也有。
08:23
Everything has that will to survive,
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大家都有著堅強的意志去生存,
08:26
to fight, to push through that mental barrier
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去拼搏,去衝破內心的關卡,
08:28
and to keep going.
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繼續前進。
08:31
And for us, in many ways,
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對我們來說,從某種程度上,
08:33
this elephant has become
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這頭大象已經成為
08:35
a symbol of inspiration for us,
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激勵我們的一個象徵,
08:37
a symbol of that hope as we go forward in our work.
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是我們投入工作時的希望象徵。
08:40
(Applause)
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(觀眾掌聲)
08:51
Now back to the leopard.
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現在回到這頭花豹。
08:53
We were spending so much time with this leopard
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我們長時間和這頭花豹在一起,
08:55
and getting to understand her individualism,
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得以熟悉她的個性,
08:57
her personal character,
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和個人風格,
08:59
that maybe we were taking it a little bit far.
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可能我們和她的關係更親密一些。
09:02
We were perhaps taking her for granted,
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甚至可能太過接納她的存在了,
09:04
and maybe she didn't like that that much.
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而也許她并不喜歡這樣。
09:06
This is about couples working together,
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當夫妻兩個一起工作時也是如此,
09:08
and so I do need to say that within the vehicle
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我需要說明的就是在越野車裡,
09:11
we have quite strict territories, Beverly and I.
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Beverly和我有著嚴格的地盤劃分。
09:14
Beverly sits on the one side
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Beverly坐的那邊
09:16
where all her camera gear is,
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放著她全部的攝影器材,
09:18
and I'm on the other side where my space is.
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而另一邊是我的地盤。
09:21
These are precious to us, these divides.
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這些分界對我們來說很重要。
09:24
BJ: But when this little cub saw
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BJ: 但是當這頭小豹子看到
09:26
that I had vacated my seat
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我離開座位,
09:28
and climbed to the back to get some camera gear,
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爬到車後面拿些照相器材時,
09:30
she came in like a curious cat
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她就像一隻好奇的貓一樣
09:32
to come and investigate.
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爬進來探索一番。
09:34
It was phenomenal, and we felt grateful
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這很不尋常,我們也非常感謝
09:37
that she trusted us to that extent.
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她對我們信任到如此程度。
09:39
But at the same time, we were concerned
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但與此同時,我們也很擔心
09:41
that if she created this as a habit
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如果她養成這樣的習慣,
09:43
and jumped into somebody else's car,
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跳到別人的車裡,
09:45
it might not turn out the same way --
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結果可能大不相同——
09:47
she might get shot for that.
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她可能因此遭到射殺。
09:49
So we knew we had to react quickly.
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因此我們知道我們必須快速反應。
09:52
And the only way we thought we could
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我們想唯一能做的
09:55
without scaring her
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而又不嚇到她的方法
09:57
is to try and simulate a growl like her mother would make --
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就是試著發出像她媽媽那樣的低聲咆哮——
09:59
a hiss and a sound.
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伴隨著嘶嘶的聲音。
10:01
So Dereck turned on the heater fan in the car --
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於是Dereck把車內的熱風扇打開——
10:03
very innovative.
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很有創意吧。
10:05
DJ: It was the only way for me to save the marriage,
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DJ: 這是我挽救這段婚姻的唯一方法,
10:07
because Beverly felt she was being replaced, you see.
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因為,你看,Beverly覺得自己要被取代了。
10:09
(Laughter)
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(觀眾笑聲)
10:12
But really and truly, this was how
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但是的的確確,這就是
10:14
this little leopard was displaying
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這頭小花豹如何向我們表現出
10:16
her individual personality.
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她獨特的個性。
10:18
But nothing prepared us
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但是我們絕對沒有想到
10:20
for what happened next in our relationship with her,
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接下來我們和她之間發生的事,
10:22
when she started hunting.
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那是在她開始自己捕獵後。
10:24
BJ: And on this first hunt, we truly were excited.
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BJ: 對於這第一次捕獵,我們真是非常興奮。
10:27
It was like watching a graduation ceremony.
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我就像在觀看一場畢業典禮。
10:29
We felt like we were surrogate parents.
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我們覺得自己好像是代理家長。
10:31
And of course, we knew now
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當然,我們那時可以確定,
10:33
that she was going to survive.
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她將能夠生存下去。
10:35
But only when we saw the tiny baby baboon
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但只是當我們看到那個小小的狒狒幼崽
10:38
clinging to the mother's fur
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掛在它媽媽的身上時
10:40
did we realize that something very unique
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我們才意識到一件非常特殊的事
10:42
was taking place here with Legadema.
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正發生在Legadema身上。
10:45
And of course, the baby baboon was so innocent,
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當然,小狒狒完全不明白發生了什麽,
10:48
it didn't turn and run.
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它沒有轉身逃走。
10:50
So what we watched
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於是我們看到的
10:52
over the next couple of hours
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接下來的幾個小時
10:54
was very unique.
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是極其特別的。
10:57
It was absolutely amazing
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這絕對讓人覺得驚奇
10:59
when she picked it up to safety,
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她把它叼起來放到安全的地方,
11:01
protecting it from the hyena.
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保護它不被鬣狗叼走。
11:04
And over the next five hours,
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接下來的5個小時裡,
11:07
she took care of it.
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她一直照料著它。
11:09
We realized that we actually don't know everything,
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我們認識到我們其實并不是什麽都瞭解的,
11:12
and that nature is so unpredictable,
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大自然是如此的神奇莫測,
11:16
we have to be open at all times.
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我們必須時刻保持著開放的態度。
11:19
DJ: Okay, so she was a little bit rough.
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DJ:哦,她是有些粗魯。
11:21
(Laughter)
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(觀眾笑聲)
11:26
But in fact,
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但事實上,
11:30
what we were seeing here was interesting.
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我們所看到的這一幕很有趣。
11:33
Because she is a cub wanting to play,
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因為她自己還是一個想要玩耍的小豹子,
11:36
but she was also a predator needing to kill,
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但同時又是一個需要殺戮的捕食者,
11:39
and yet conflicted in some way,
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然而某程度上與之相矛盾的是,
11:41
because she was also an emerging mother.
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因為她又是一個未來的母親。
11:44
She had this maternal instinct,
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她具備這種母性的本能,
11:46
much like a young girl on her way to womanhood,
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很像是一個小姑娘正在成長為一個成熟女性。
11:50
and so this really took us to this new level
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因此這把我們帶到一個全新的層次
11:53
of understanding that personality.
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來理解她的個性。
11:58
BJ: And of course, through the night, they lay together.
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BJ: 當然,一整夜他們都靠在一起。
12:01
They ended up sleeping for hours.
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他們在一起睡了好幾個小時。
12:03
But I have to tell you --
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但是我不得不告訴大家——
12:05
everybody always asks, "What happened to the baby baboon?"
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每一個人都會問,“那個小狒狒最後怎樣了?”
12:07
It did die,
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它確實是死了。
12:09
and we suspect it was from the freezing winter nights.
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我們懷疑是因為寒冷的冬夜。
12:13
DJ: So at this stage, I guess,
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DJ:到了這裡,我認為
12:15
we had very, very firm ideas
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我們有了一些非常堅定的信念
12:17
on what conservation meant.
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關於自然保護區存在的意義。
12:19
We had to deal with these individual personalities.
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我們必須面對這些獨特的個性。
12:22
We had to deal with them with respect
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我們必須帶著尊重面對牠們,
12:25
and celebrate them.
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讚美牠們。
12:27
And so we, with the National Geographic, formed the Big Cats Initiative
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於是我們和國家地理頻道一起組成了“大貓保育計劃”
12:30
to march forward into conservation,
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將它在保護區裡頭推展開,
12:32
taking care of the big cats that we loved --
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以照顧這些我們喜愛的大貓——
12:34
and then had an opportunity to look back over the last 50 years
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於是也有機會回顧過去50年來
12:37
to see how well we had all collectively been doing.
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我們都做了些什麽。
12:40
So when Beverly and I were born,
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也就是說當Beverly 和我剛出生時,
12:42
there were 450,000 lions,
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大約有45萬頭獅子,
12:44
and today there are 20,000.
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而今天大約為2萬頭。
12:47
Tigers haven't fared any better --
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老虎的遭遇也不樂觀——
12:49
45,000
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從四萬五千頭
12:51
down to maybe 3,000.
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減少到三千頭。
12:53
BJ: And then cheetahs have crashed
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BJ: 獵豹的數量一路降低
12:55
all the way down to 12,000.
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到一萬二千頭。
12:57
Leopards have plummeted
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花豹則
12:59
from 700,000
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從70萬頭銳減到
13:01
down to a mere 50,000.
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差不多5萬頭。
13:03
Now in the extraordinary time
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尤其是在
13:05
that we have worked with Legadema --
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我們和Legadema在一起的這段時間,
13:07
which is really over a five-year period --
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大約5年多的時間——
13:09
10,000 leopards were legally shot
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一萬頭花豹被假日獵手們
13:12
by safari hunters.
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合法地射殺。
13:14
And that's not the only leopards
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而這還不是所有
13:16
that were being killed through that period.
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在這段時間被殺死的花豹。
13:18
There's an immense amount of poaching as well,
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偷獵的數量也很巨大。
13:21
and so possibly the same amount.
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很可能也是一萬頭。
13:23
It's simply not sustainable.
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這絕對是不可持續的。
13:25
We admire them,
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我們欽佩牠們,
13:27
and we fear them,
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我們也畏懼牠們。
13:29
and yet, as man, we want to steal their power.
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然而,作為人,我們想竊取牠們的力量。
13:34
It used to be the time
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曾經有段時間
13:36
where only kings wore a leopard skin,
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只有國王才穿豹皮,
13:39
but now throughout rituals and ceremonies,
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但是現在,使用在所有的儀式和典禮上,
13:41
traditional healers and ministers.
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傳統的醫者和大臣們也穿著豹皮。
13:44
And of course, looking at this lion paw
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然後,看看這支獅爪,
13:47
that has been skinned,
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已經被剝皮,
13:49
it eerily reminds me
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它詭異地讓我想起
13:51
of a human hand,
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人類的手。
13:53
and that's ironic, because their fate is in our hands.
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而這很諷刺,因為牠們的命運的確在我們手中。
13:56
DJ: There's a burgeoning bone trade.
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DJ: 還有一個正在快速發展中的骨頭交易。
13:58
South Africa just released some lion bones onto the market.
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南非剛剛向這個市場投放了一些獅子骨頭。
14:01
Lion bones and tiger bones look exactly the same,
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獅子和老虎的骨頭看上去完全一樣,
14:04
and so in a stroke, the lion bone industry
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因此很快地,獅子骨頭產業
14:07
is going to wipe out all the tigers.
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將取代所有的虎骨。
14:10
So we have a real problem here,
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由此我們真正面臨的問題,
14:12
no more so than the lions do, the male lions.
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沒有比獅子的問題更嚴重的了,尤其是雄獅。
14:15
So the 20,000 lion figure that you just saw
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你們剛剛看到的2萬頭獅子這個數字
14:18
is actually a red herring,
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事實上只是一個幌子,
14:20
because there may be 3,000 or 4,000 male lions,
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因為其中大約有3到4千隻雄獅,
14:23
and they all are actually
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事實上牠們全部
14:25
infected with the same disease.
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都感染了同樣的疾病。
14:27
I call it complacency --
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我稱之為自傲——
14:29
our complacency.
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我們人類的自傲。
14:31
Because there's a sport, there's an activity going on
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因為打獵這種運動,它的存在
14:34
that we're all aware of, that we condone.
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我們都知道,卻聽之任之。
14:40
And that's probably because we haven't seen it
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而這很可能是因為我們還沒看到
14:42
like we are today.
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這運動目前的狀況。
14:46
BJ: And you have to know
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BJ: 還有你們必須要瞭解
14:48
that, when a male lion is killed,
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當一頭雄獅被殺死時,
14:50
it completely disrupts the whole pride.
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整個獅群都被摧毀了。
14:53
A new male comes into the area
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一頭新來的雄獅會進入到該片領域
14:55
and takes over the pride,
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接管整個獅群,
14:57
and, of course, first of all kills all the cubs
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然後,當然,首先就會殺死所有的幼獅,
15:00
and possibly some of the females that are defending their cubs.
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可能還會殺死一些保護自己幼崽的母獅。
15:03
So we've estimated
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因此我們大概估算
15:05
that between 20 [and] 30 lions are killed
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大概要殺死20到30頭獅子
15:08
when one lion is hanging on a wall
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才能讓一頭雄獅的頭
15:11
somewhere in a far-off place.
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掛到某個遙遠地方的牆上。
15:13
DJ: So what our investigations have shown
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DJ: 因此我們的研究表明
15:15
is that these lions are essential.
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這些雄獅是至關重要的。
15:17
They're essential to the habitat.
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牠們對棲息地來說是重要的。
15:19
If they disappear,
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如果牠們消失了,
15:21
whole ecosystems in Africa disappear.
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整個非洲的生態系統都會消失。
15:24
There's an 80-billion-dollar-a-year
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每年非洲可獲得價值800億美元的
15:26
ecotourism revenue stream into Africa.
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生態旅遊收入。
15:29
So this is not just a concern about lions;
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所以這不僅僅是在關心獅子,
15:32
it's a concern about communities in Africa as well.
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也是在關心非洲的社群。
15:35
If they disappear, all of that goes away.
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如果牠們消失了,那所有這些都完了。
15:38
But what I'm more concerned about in many ways
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但是我在更多方面的擔心是
15:41
is that, as we de-link ourselves from nature,
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當我們和自然脫鉤,
15:44
as we de-link ourselves spiritually
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當我們從靈性上
15:46
from these animals,
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和這些動物脫鉤時,
15:48
we lose hope,
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我們就失去了希望,
15:51
we lose that spiritual connection,
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失去了精神上的聯繫,
15:54
our dignity, that thing within us
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失去了我們的人格,而正是這內在於我們的東西,
15:57
that keeps us connected to the planet.
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使我們保持與這個星球的聯繫。
15:59
BJ: So you have to know, looking into the eyes
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BJ: 因此你們必須瞭解,此時此刻望向這些
16:02
of lions and leopards right now,
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獅子和豹子的眼睛,
16:05
it is all about critical awareness.
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所需要的就是關鍵性的覺醒。
16:07
And so what we are doing,
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所以我們要做的,
16:09
in February, we're bringing out a film called "The Last Lion,"
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就是在2月將發佈一部電影,叫做“最後的獅子”。
16:12
and "The Last Lion" is exactly
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而“最後的獅子”恰恰就是
16:14
what is happening right now.
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現在正在發生的事實。
16:16
That is the situation we're in --
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這就是我們目前所處在的情形——
16:18
the last lions.
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最後的獅子。
16:20
That is, if we don't take action and do something,
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就是說,如果我們不採取行動去做點什麽,
16:22
these plains will be completely devoid
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這些平原上將完全失去
16:24
of big cats,
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這些大貓。
16:26
and then, in turn, everything else will disappear.
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而其後果就是其餘的一切也將隨之消亡。
16:29
And simply, if we can't protect them,
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很簡單,如果我們不能保護牠們,
16:31
we're going to have a job protecting ourselves as well.
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我們接下來的工作就是要保護我們自己了。
16:34
DJ: And in fact, that original thing that we spoke about
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DJ: 而事實上,我們所談論的
16:37
and designed our lives by --
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也是我們照著去生活的最根本的東西——
16:39
that conservation was all about respect
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也就是保護區的意義就在於尊重
16:41
and celebration --
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和讚美——
16:43
is probably true. That's really what it needs.
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這一點很可能就是真理所在;那就是我們真正需要的東西。
16:46
We need it. We respect and celebrate each other
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我們需要牠。我們彼此尊重和讚美對方
16:49
as a man and a woman, as a community
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作為男人和女人,作為一個社群,
16:52
and as part of this planet,
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同時作為這個星球的一部份,
16:54
and we need to continue that.
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我們要將它延續下去。
16:56
And Legadema?
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至於Legadema?
16:58
Well we can report, in fact,
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我們可以告訴大家,事實上,
17:00
that we're grandparents.
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我們做外祖父外祖母了。
17:02
(Laughter)
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(觀眾笑聲)
17:04
BJ/DJ: Thank you very much.
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BJ/DJ: 非常感謝大家。
17:06
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
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