Chade-Meng Tan: Everyday compassion at Google

翻译人员: Yuming Ma煜明马 校对人员: Angelia King

So what does the happiest man in the world look like?

那么世界上最幸福的人应该是什么样？

He certainly doesn't look like me.

肯定不是像我这样。

He looks like this.

他应该是这样。

His name is Matthieu Ricard.

他的名字叫马蒂厄·里卡多

So how do you get to be the happiest man in the world?

那么你怎样才能成为世界上最幸福的人呢？

Well it turns out

实际上

there is a way to measure happiness in the brain.

有方法可以测出人大脑中幸福感是多少。

And you do that by measuring the relative activation

你可以检测脑细胞的相对活性

of the left prefrontal cortex in the fMRI,

采用功能磁共振成像，比较左脑前额皮质

versus the right prefrontal cortex.

和右脑前额皮质。

And Matthieu's happiness measure

结果马蒂厄的幸福度测量结果

is off the charts.

打破了之前的记录

He's by far the happiest man

他是迄今为止

ever measured by science.

通过科学测量显示的世上最快乐的人。

Which leads us to a question:

这让我们思考一个问题：

What was he thinking when he was being measured?

他被检测时在想什么呢？

Perhaps something very naughty.

或许一些顽皮的想法

(Laughter)

(笑声)

Actually, he was meditating

实际上，他在冥想

on compassion.

关于恻隐之心

Matthieu's own experience

马蒂厄自己的经验表明

is that compassion is the happiest state ever.

拥有恻隐之心是自己最快乐的时候。

Reading about Matthieu

读马蒂厄的故事

was one of the pivotal moments of my life.

在我人生中起了重要作用

My dream

我的梦想

is to create the conditions

就是

for world peace in my lifetime --

在我的有生之年，实现世界和平--

and to do that

为实现这一目标

by creating the conditions

必须先实现

for inner peace

内心的平和

and compassion

和人人拥有恻隐之心

on a global scale.

让这目标在全球范围内实现

And learning about Matthieu

向马蒂厄学习

gave me a new angle to look at my work.

使我从新的角度看待我的工作

Matthieu's brain scan shows

马蒂厄的脑扫描图显示

that compassion is not a chore.

对人心怀恻隐并非一份苦差事

Compassion is something that creates happiness.

爱心带来幸福感

Compassion is fun.

怀有恻隐之心是有意思的事

And that mind-blowing insight

这个令人兴奋的想法

changes the entire game.

可以改变整个游戏。

Because if compassion was a chore,

因为，若拥有恻隐之心是苦差事

nobody's going to do it,

没有人会去做。

except maybe the Dalai Lama or something.

除非是达赖喇嘛之类的人。

But if compassion was fun,

但如果拥有恻隐之心是有意思的事

everybody's going to do it.

每个人都会去做

Therefore,

因此

to create the conditions for global compassion,

为实现世界范围内人人拥有恻隐之心

all we have to do

我们需要做的

is to reframe compassion

就是重构恻隐之心

as something that is fun.

将它当做一个有意思的事情。

But fun is not enough.

但是光有意思还不够

What if compassion

如果拥有恻隐之心

is also profitable?

同样可以获利呢？

What if compassion is also good for business?

如果它也可以带来经济效益呢？

Then, every boss, every manager in the world,

那么，世界上每个老板，每个经理

will want to have compassion --

都会想要拥有恻隐之心--

like this.

就像这样。

That would create the conditions

这将会成就

for world peace.

世界和平

So, I started paying attention

因此我开始关注

to what compassion looks like in a business setting.

在经济背景下，恻隐之心是如何表现的

Fortunately, I didn't have to look very far.

幸运的是，我并没有找太久

Because what I was looking for was right in front of my eyes --

因为我要找的近在眼前

in Google, my company.

就在谷歌，我所在的企业中

I know there are other compassionate companies in the world,

我知道世界上有其它的极富爱心的企业。

but Google is the place I'm familiar with

但谷歌是我所熟悉的平台

because I've been there for 10 years,

因为我已经在此工作十年了

so I'll use Google as the case study.

所以我用谷歌做案例分析

Google is a company

谷歌是一个

born of idealism.

理想主义的企业

It's a company that thrives on idealism.

一个成就于理想主义的企业

And maybe because of that,

或许正因为这样

compassion is organic

恻隐之心是有系统性的

and widespread company-wide.

在企业上下广泛推广

In Google, expressions of corporate compassion

在谷歌，企业爱心的表达形式

almost always follow the same pattern.

总是相同的模式

It's sort of a funny pattern.

是一种有趣的模式

It starts with a small group of Googlers

它始于一小部分的谷歌员工

taking the initiative to do something.

主动去做一些事

And they don't usually ask for permission;

他们通常不会先征得许可

they just go ahead and do it,

而是直接就做

and then other Googlers join in, and it just gets bigger and bigger.

其他员工参与进来，于是这一群体壮大起来

And sometimes it gets big enough

有时，参与人数够一定规模

to become official.

就变成了官方活动

So in other words,

因此，换句话说

it almost always starts from the bottom up.

它几乎都是从底层开始

And let me give you some examples.

我再举些例子

The first example is the largest annual community event --

第一个例子是最大的年度社区活动--

where Googlers from around the world

来自世界各地的谷歌员工

donate their labor to their local communities --

为当地社区出力

was initiated and organized

这项活动最先

by three employees

是由三个员工发起组织的

before it became official,

它之后成为正式活动，

because it just became too big.

是因为活动规模扩大了

Another example, three Googlers --

另一个例子，三个谷歌员工

a chef, an engineer

一个厨师，一个工程师

and, most funny, a massage therapist --

外加一个更有意思的，按摩师

three of them, they learned about a region in India

他们三个了解到印度的某地

where 200,000 people live

生活着20万人口的地区

without a single medical facility.

却没有任何医疗设施

So what do they do?

他们怎么办呢？

They just go ahead and start a fundraiser.

他们就直接开始拉赞助

And they raise enough money to build this hospital --

筹到足够的资金后就建了这家医院

the first hospital of its kind

第一所

for 200,000 people.

为20万人造的医院

During the Haiti earthquake,

在海地地震间

a number of engineers and product managers

大量工程师和产品经理

spontaneously came together

自发聚在一起

and stayed overnight

熬夜工作

to build a tool

设法创造一个工具

to allow earthquake victims to find their loved ones.

来帮助受灾者找到他们的亲友

And expressions of compassion

恻隐之心同样

are also found in our international offices.

表现在我们的国际分部中

In China for example,

例如在中国

one mid-level employee

中层员工

initiated the largest social action competition in China,

发起了中国最大的社会公益大赛

involving more than 1,000 schools in China,

涉及中国1000多所学校

working on issues

共同参与

such as education, poverty,

如教育、贫困

health care and the environment.

卫生保健和环境等社会问题

There is so much organic social action

诸多系统的社会活动

all around Google

遍及谷歌

that the company decided to form

使得谷歌决定成立

a social responsibility team

一个社会责任团队

just to support these efforts.

以支持这些公益活动

And this idea, again,

这一设想，同样

came from the grassroots,

来自草根阶层

from two Googlers who wrote their own job descriptions

两个谷歌员工写在他们的工作项目规程中

and volunteered themselves for the job.

并主动参与工作

And I found it fascinating

我觉得有意思的是

that the social responsibility team

社会责任团队

was not formed as part of some grand corporate strategy.

并非是作为某个重大的企业策划项目的一部分而成立的

It was two persons saying, "Let's do this,"

它像是两个人说，“我们做这个吧”

and the company said, "Yes."

然后企业说“好”

So it turns out

于是我们发现

that Google is a compassionate company,

谷歌是有爱心的企业

because Googlers found

因为谷歌的员工们发现了

compassion to be fun.

拥有爱心很有意思

But again, fun is not enough.

但是光有意思还不够

There are also real business benefits.

这也是真正的经济效益

So what are they?

有哪些呢？

The first benefit of compassion

爱心带来的第一个效益

is that it creates highly effective business leaders.

就是它促成的高效率的企业领导

What does that mean?

这是什么意思呢？

There are three components of compassion.

恻隐之心有三个组成部分

There is the affective component,

其一是情感成分

which is, "I feel for you."

即，“我与你感同身受”

There is the cognitive component,

其二是认知成分

which is, "I understand you."

即，“我理解你。”

And there is a motivational component,

另外一个是动机成分

which is, "I want to help you."

即，“我想帮助你。”

So what has this got to do with business leadership?

那么这与企业领导力有什么关系呢？

According to a very comprehensive study

吉姆·科林斯曾有一项综合研究，

led by Jim Collins,

他把它

and documented in the book "Good to Great,"

记录在《从优秀到卓越》一书中，

it takes a very special kind of leader

特别的领导

to bring a company

才能带领一个企业

from goodness to greatness.

从优秀到卓越

And he calls them "Level 5 leaders."

他将这样的领导成为“五级领袖”

These are leaders

这些的领袖

who, in addition to being highly capable,

不仅很有能力

possess two important qualities,

而且拥有两个重要品质

and they are

那就是

humility and ambition.

谦逊且有抱负

These are leaders

这些领袖人物

who are highly ambitious for the greater good.

追求尽善尽美

And because they're ambitious for a greater good,

而正因为他们追求尽善尽美

they feel no need to inflate their own egos.

他们觉得没有必要膨胀自我

And they, according to the research,

研究结果表明

make the best business leaders.

这些人往往成为最优秀的企业高管

And if you look at these qualities

如果你注意到这些品质

in the context of compassion,

其中关于恻隐之心

we find

我们发现

that the cognitive and affective components of compassion --

恻隐之心之中的认知和情感成分--

understanding people and empathizing with people --

了解并同情他人--

inhibits, tones down,

会抑制，调控

what I call the excessive self-obsession that's in us,

我所说的在我们心中的过度自恋--

therefore creating the conditions

因此

for humility.

为人文关怀创造了条件

The motivational component of compassion

拥有恻隐之心的动力

creates ambition for greater good.

使人愿意追求更好

In other words,

换言之

compassion is the way to grow Level 5 leaders.

恻隐之心可以培养五星级领导

And this is the first compelling business benefit.

这是第一诱人的经济收益

The second compelling benefit of compassion

第二诱人的

is that it creates an inspiring workforce.

是恻隐之心创造巨大的劳动力

Employees mutually inspire each other

员工互相鼓舞

towards greater good.

以获得更好

It creates a vibrant, energetic community

它可以创造富有特色活力的社区

where people admire and respect each other.

人们彼此欣赏，互相尊重

I mean, you come to work in the morning,

我的意思是说，你早上去工作

and you work with three guys

和另外三人一起

who just up and decide to build a hospital in India.

他们刚刚决定在印度建所医院

It's like how can you not be inspired by those people --

你如何不能被这些人带动呢？

your own coworkers?

这是你自己的同事啊！

So this mutual inspiration

因此这样互相鼓舞

promotes collaboration,

可以促进合作

initiative and creativity.

主动性和创造性

It makes us a highly effective company.

它促使我们建立高效的企业

So, having said all that,

因此，说了这么多

what is the secret formula

秘方是什么呢？

for brewing compassion

为拥有恻隐之心

in the corporate setting?

且在企业背景下

In our experience,

根据我们的经验

there are three ingredients.

有三大成分

The first ingredient

第一

is to create a culture

是创造一种文化

of passionate concern

热心

for the greater good.

致力于创造更好

So always think:

因此，总要想

how is your company and your job

你的企业和你的工作

serving the greater good?

如何才能服务于最好？

Or, how can you further serve

或者，你怎样才能更好的

the greater good?

服务于更好？

This awareness of serving the greater good

这一为尽善尽美服务的目标

is very self-inspiring

总是自我鼓舞的

and it creates fertile ground

并且它创造了肥沃的土壤

for compassion to grow in.

使得恻隐之心成长

That's one.

这就是第一个成分

The second ingredient

第二就是

is autonomy.

自治

So in Google, there's a lot of autonomy.

在谷歌有很多自治权

And one of our most popular managers jokes that,

我们其中一个最有名的经理开玩笑说

this is what he says,

他这么说

"Google is a place

“谷歌是一个

where the inmates run the asylum."

囚犯开的避难所。”

And he considers himself one of the inmates.

他把自己也当做其中的囚犯之一

If you already have

如果你已经

a culture of compassion

有一个恻隐文化

and idealism

和其他理想主义

and you let your people roam free,

你允许你的手下自由创新

they will do the right thing

他们会用最富有同情心的方式

in the most compassionate way.

做对事情。

The third ingredient

第三成分

is to focus on inner development

就是注重内在发展

and personal growth.

和个人成长

Leadership training in Google, for example,

例如，在谷歌培养领导

places a lot of emphasis on the inner qualities,

很注重内在修为

such as self-awareness, self-mastery,

譬如自我意识，自控

empathy and compassion,

同情心和恻隐之心

because we believe

因为我们相信

that leadership begins

领导是从

with character.

品性开始

We even created a seven-week curriculum

我们甚至创建了一个七周课程

on emotion intelligence,

关于情感智慧

which we jokingly call "Searching Inside Yourself."

这个我们常常开玩笑称为“探索内在自我”

It's less naughty than it sounds.

它没有听起来那么好笑

So I'm an engineer by training,

我通过训练成为工程师的

but I'm one of the creators and instructors of this course,

但我是这个课程的始创者和传授者之一

which I find kind of funny,

我觉得这很有意思

because this is a company that trusts an engineer

因为谷歌信任一个工程师

to teach emotion intelligence.

来传授情感智慧

What a company.

这是什么样的企业啊！

(Laughter)

（笑声）

So "Search Inside Yourself" -- how does it work?

那么“探索内在自我”----这个怎么实现呢?

It works in three steps.

有三步

The first step

第一步

is attention training.

注意力训练

Attention is the basis

注意力是基础

of all higher cognitive and emotional abilities.

对于所有高认知和情感的能力来说。

Therefore, any curriculum

因此，任何一个课程

for training emotion intelligence

来训练情感智慧

has to begin with attention training.

必须以注意力测试为始

The idea here is to train attention

这个想法就是用来训练注意力

to create a quality of mind

以培养一种心智

that is calm and clear

也就是当下的平和

at the same time.

与清明。

And this creates the foundation

这也

for emotion intelligence.

为情感智能建立了根基。

The second step follows the first step.

第二步紧跟第一步

The second step is developing self-knowledge

第二部是培养自知

and self-mastery.

和自控能力

So using the supercharged attention from step one,

因此用第一步中的高强度注意力

we create a high-resolution perception

我们营造了一个高保真观念

into the cognitive and emotive processes.

与认知和情感步骤结合

What does that mean?

这是什么意思呢？

It means being able to observe our thought stream

它意思是能够观察我们的意识流

and the process of emotion

和感情流

with high clarity,

且十分清晰

objectivity

客观地

and from a third-person perspective.

从第三者角度出发

And once you can do that,

一旦你能这么做

you create the kind of self-knowledge

你创造了自知

that enables self-mastery.

以达到自治

The third step, following the second step,

在第二步之后的第三步

is to create new mental habits.

就是建立一些新的心理习惯

What does that mean? Imagine this.

这是什么意思？想象一下

Imagine whenever you meet any other person,

想象你在任何时候遇见另一个人时

any time you meet a person,

你见到他的任何时候

your habitual, instinctive first thought

你习惯性的第一本能想法

is, "I want you to be happy.

就是：“我想让你更幸福。

I want you to be happy."

我想让你更幸福。”

Imagine you can do that.

想象一下，你可以做这些

Having this habit, this mental habit,

拥有这样的习惯，这些心理习惯

changes everything at work.

改变工作中每一件事

Because this good will

因为这个好的期待

is unconsciously picked up by other people,

无意识中就被别人看到了

and it creates trust,

它带来信任

and trust creates a lot of good working relationships.

信任带来很多好的工作关系

And this also creates the conditions

同时它

for compassion in the workplace.

为恻隐之心在工作场所发挥作用创造条件

Someday, we hope to open-source

我们希望有一天能共享资源

"Search Inside Yourself"

“探索内在自我”

so that everybody in the corporate world

因此每个企业员工

will at least be able to use it as a reference.

至少可以将它当做一个参考

And in closing,

最后

I want to end the same place I started,

我想以我开始的话作为结尾

with happiness.

关于幸福

I want to quote this guy -- the guy in robes, not the other guy --

我想引用他的一句话---这个穿着袍子的人，不是别人

the Dalai Lama,

达赖喇嘛

who said, "If you want others to be happy,

他说：“如果你想让别人幸福

practice compassion.

请付出恻隐之心

If you want to be happy,

如果你想变得幸福

practice compassion."

请付出恻隐之心。”

I found this to be true,

我发现这是真理

both on the individual level

不管是从个人角度

and at a corporate level.

还是企业角度来看

And I hope that compassion

我希望这恻隐之心对你来说

will be both fun and profitable for you too.

不仅有意思，而且有效益。

Thank you.

谢谢

(Applause)

（掌声）