Chade-Meng Tan: Everyday compassion at Google

譯者: Suet Mei Hau 審譯者: Wang-Ju Tsai

So what does the happiest man in the world look like?

一個世上最快樂的人應該是怎樣的?

He certainly doesn't look like me.

他一定不會長得像我。

He looks like this.

他長得像這樣。

His name is Matthieu Ricard.

他叫 Mattieu Ricard

So how do you get to be the happiest man in the world?

你可以怎樣成為世上最快樂的人?

Well it turns out

原來

there is a way to measure happiness in the brain.

大腦中的快樂是有辦法去測量的。

And you do that by measuring the relative activation

就是在功能性磁力共振機中

of the left prefrontal cortex in the fMRI,

去測量左前額皮層

versus the right prefrontal cortex.

和右前額皮層的相對活躍度。

And Matthieu's happiness measure

而 Mattieu 的快樂指數

is off the charts.

是完全超出了圖表所顯示的。

He's by far the happiest man

他是到目前爲止

ever measured by science.

經由科學鑑定最快樂的人。

Which leads us to a question:

這不禁讓我們要問:

What was he thinking when he was being measured?

在他被測試的時候, 究竟他在想什麼呢?

Perhaps something very naughty.

會不會是一些很頑皮可笑的東西？

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

Actually, he was meditating

事實上, 他在襌修

on compassion.

冥想著慈悲。

Matthieu's own experience

Matthieu 個人的經驗

is that compassion is the happiest state ever.

慈悲就是他最快樂的狀態。

Reading about Matthieu

在閱讀Mattieu 著作的時候

was one of the pivotal moments of my life.

也是我人生很重要的時刻。

My dream

我的夢想

is to create the conditions

就是在我人生之中

for world peace in my lifetime --

去創造世界和平的條件---

and to do that

透過創造

by creating the conditions

內在和平

for inner peace

以及慈悲的條件

and compassion

在全球的層面上

on a global scale.

去創造世界和平的條件

And learning about Matthieu

在學習Matthieu的同時

gave me a new angle to look at my work.

也給了我一個全新的角度去看待我的工作。

Matthieu's brain scan shows

馬修的腦掃描顯示

that compassion is not a chore.

慈悲並不是乏味的例行工作。

Compassion is something that creates happiness.

慈悲是一些可以創造快樂的事。

Compassion is fun.

慈悲是有趣的。

And that mind-blowing insight

而這令人興奮的發現

changes the entire game.

改變了遊戲規則。

Because if compassion was a chore,

因為如果慈悲是一件乏味的例行公事

nobody's going to do it,

或許除了逹賴喇嘛這一類人之外--

except maybe the Dalai Lama or something.

沒有人會有興趣去做。

But if compassion was fun,

但如果慈悲是有趣的,

everybody's going to do it.

每個人都會願意去做。

Therefore,

所以,

to create the conditions for global compassion,

要為世界的慈悲創造條件,

all we have to do

我們可以做的

is to reframe compassion

就是把慈悲重新定義為

as something that is fun.

是很有趣的事。

But fun is not enough.

但純粹的有趣還是不足够的。

What if compassion

如果慈悲

is also profitable?

可以帶來利潤呢?

What if compassion is also good for business?

如果慈悲對營商來說是好的呢?

Then, every boss, every manager in the world,

那麼, 世上每一個老闆, 每一個經理,

will want to have compassion --

都會想有這樣的--

like this.

慈悲。

That would create the conditions

這會為世界和平

for world peace.

創造條件。

So, I started paying attention

於是, 我開始留意

to what compassion looks like in a business setting.

在商業環境下的慈悲究竟該是怎樣。

Fortunately, I didn't have to look very far.

幸運的是, 我並不需要看得很遠。

Because what I was looking for was right in front of my eyes --

因為我想找的, 正在我的眼前---

in Google, my company.

在谷歌, 我的公司。

I know there are other compassionate companies in the world,

我知道世上也有其他有慈心的公司,

but Google is the place I'm familiar with

但谷歌是一個我很熟悉的地方

because I've been there for 10 years,

因為我在那裡已經待了十年了,

so I'll use Google as the case study.

我用谷歌作為一個研究個案。

Google is a company

谷歌是一個

born of idealism.

生於理想主義的公司。

It's a company that thrives on idealism.

它是一間在理想主義中長大的公司。

And maybe because of that,

也因為這樣,

compassion is organic

這個慈悲是有機的

and widespread company-wide.

也滲透在整個公司之中。

In Google, expressions of corporate compassion

在谷歌, 公司慈悲為懷之心的表達

almost always follow the same pattern.

差不多總在相同的模式之中。

It's sort of a funny pattern.

是種很有趣的模式。

It starts with a small group of Googlers

通常是由一小群谷歌人開始

taking the initiative to do something.

自發地去做一些事。

And they don't usually ask for permission;

他們通常不需要得到別人的許可

they just go ahead and do it,

只是直接的去做便可

and then other Googlers join in, and it just gets bigger and bigger.

接著有其他的谷歌人加入, 慢慢的變大再變大。

And sometimes it gets big enough

直到足够壯大的時候

to become official.

便會變成了官方正式的規定。

So in other words,

換句話說,

it almost always starts from the bottom up.

差不多許多事都是從下而上開始的。

And let me give you some examples.

讓我給你一些例子。

The first example is the largest annual community event --

第一個例子是每年最大型的社區活動---

where Googlers from around the world

全世界的谷歌人

donate their labor to their local communities --

都會在當地的社區捐獻出他們的勞力---

was initiated and organized

在這變成正式之前

by three employees

其實是由三個僱員

before it became official,

自發的組織起來的---

because it just became too big.

因為規模變得太大了。

Another example, three Googlers --

另一個例子, 三個谷歌人---

a chef, an engineer

一個廚子, 一個工程師

and, most funny, a massage therapist --

以及, 最有趣的, 一個按摩治療師---

three of them, they learned about a region in India

他們三個人, 知道在印度

where 200,000 people live

一個大約有二十萬人居住的地區

without a single medical facility.

卻沒有一間醫療的設施。

So what do they do?

於是他們做了什麽?

They just go ahead and start a fundraiser.

他們直接地去籌款

And they raise enough money to build this hospital --

他們籌得足够的錢去建成一間醫院---

the first hospital of its kind

這是第一間像這樣的

for 200,000 people.

給這二十萬人的醫院。

During the Haiti earthquake,

在海地地震的時候,

a number of engineers and product managers

一群工程師及產品經理

spontaneously came together

自發地聚在一起

and stayed overnight

並且通宵留宿

to build a tool

去建造一個讓

to allow earthquake victims to find their loved ones.

地震的災民可以找到他們所愛的人的工具。

And expressions of compassion

同樣的慈悲的表達

are also found in our international offices.

在我們的國際事務辦事處也有。

In China for example,

譬如在中國

one mid-level employee

一個中層員工

initiated the largest social action competition in China,

提出了一個全中國最大的社會行動比賽

involving more than 1,000 schools in China,

當中包括了中國一千多間學校

working on issues

一同去參與

such as education, poverty,

教育、脫窮

health care and the environment.

醫療衞生、以及環境等問題。

There is so much organic social action

在谷歌裡有許多這樣的

all around Google

自發性有機性的社會行動

that the company decided to form

這使得公司決定去成立

a social responsibility team

一個社會責任團隊

just to support these efforts.

來支援這些工作。

And this idea, again,

同樣的, 這些想法

came from the grassroots,

也是從基層而來

from two Googlers who wrote their own job descriptions

是由兩個谷歌人, 他們寫了這些工作的清單

and volunteered themselves for the job.

然後自己義務去做這些工作。

And I found it fascinating

我覺得這些都很有趣

that the social responsibility team

這個社會責任團隊

was not formed as part of some grand corporate strategy.

並不是由一個高高在上的公司策略而來的。

It was two persons saying, "Let's do this,"

這只是由兩個人說: 「讓我們來做，」

and the company said, "Yes."

公司也說: 「好！」

So it turns out

於是便出現了

that Google is a compassionate company,

谷歌是一間慈悲的公司，

because Googlers found

因為谷歌人覺得

compassion to be fun.

慈悲是有趣的。

But again, fun is not enough.

但同樣, 光有趣是不足够的。

There are also real business benefits.

這裡也有真實的商業利益。

So what are they?

這些是什麼?

The first benefit of compassion

慈悲的第一個利益是

is that it creates highly effective business leaders.

它創造了一些高效能的商業領袖。

What does that mean?

這是什麼意思?

There are three components of compassion.

慈悲是有三個部份的：

There is the affective component,

這裡有情感的部份

which is, "I feel for you."

「我同情你。」

There is the cognitive component,

這裡也有理性認知的部份,

which is, "I understand you."

「我明白你。」

And there is a motivational component,

以及也有一個誘導性的部份,

which is, "I want to help you."

「我想幫你。」

So what has this got to do with business leadership?

這些又跟商業領袖有什麼關係呢?

According to a very comprehensive study

根據一個十分詳盡

led by Jim Collins,

由Jim Collins 所帶領的研究顯示

and documented in the book "Good to Great,"

這還紀載在一本叫: 『由好到偉大』的書中

it takes a very special kind of leader

有一種十分特別的領袖類型

to bring a company

可以帶領公司

from goodness to greatness.

由好變成偉大。

And he calls them "Level 5 leaders."

他把他們叫做 「第五層的領袖」

These are leaders

這些領袖

who, in addition to being highly capable,

除了是很有能力之外

possess two important qualities,

同時也擁有兩種特質

and they are

這些特質是

humility and ambition.

謙虛和野心。

These are leaders

這些領袖

who are highly ambitious for the greater good.

對於為大眾的好處是非常的有野心的。

And because they're ambitious for a greater good,

也因為他們對大眾的好處很有野心,

they feel no need to inflate their own egos.

他們感到無需要去膨脹他們的自我,

And they, according to the research,

以及, 根據研究

make the best business leaders.

他們變成了最好的商業領袖。

And if you look at these qualities

假如在慈悲的背景之下,

in the context of compassion,

你看到這些特質

we find

我們會發現

that the cognitive and affective components of compassion --

慈悲裡的認知和情感部份---

understanding people and empathizing with people --

明白別人, 以及同情別人

inhibits, tones down,

會抑制, 調低

what I call the excessive self-obsession that's in us,

我所謂的“過度的自我執著”--

therefore creating the conditions

這也同時創造了

for humility.

謙虛的條件。

The motivational component of compassion

至於慈悲的誘導性部份

creates ambition for greater good.

也創造了為了大眾利益的企圖心。

In other words,

換句話說,

compassion is the way to grow Level 5 leaders.

慈悲是孕育第五層領袖的方法。

And this is the first compelling business benefit.

這是第一個令人難以抗拒的商業利益。

The second compelling benefit of compassion

第二個從慈悲而來的難以抗拒的好處

is that it creates an inspiring workforce.

是它創造了一些很有啟發性的勞動力。

Employees mutually inspire each other

僱員往往會互相啟發

towards greater good.

去達成那個更偉大的好。

It creates a vibrant, energetic community

它創造了一個生氣勃勃和有能量的社群

where people admire and respect each other.

那裡的人都會互相欣賞和尊重。

I mean, you come to work in the morning,

譬如說, 你在早上來到公司

and you work with three guys

跟三個

who just up and decide to build a hospital in India.

剛決定去為印度建一間醫院的人共事。

It's like how can you not be inspired by those people --

你怎麽不會被這些人

your own coworkers?

也就是你自己的同事所啓發?

So this mutual inspiration

所以, 這種相互啟發

promotes collaboration,

會提高合作,

initiative and creativity.

自發性和創造力。

It makes us a highly effective company.

這就讓我們變成了一間十分高效能的公司

So, having said all that,

所以, 說了這麽多,

what is the secret formula

那麽在企業的環境之中

for brewing compassion

去培育慈悲心的

in the corporate setting?

秘密方程式是什麽?

In our experience,

根據我們的經驗,

there are three ingredients.

這是有三個元素

The first ingredient

第一個元素

is to create a culture

是去創造

of passionate concern

一個慈悲為懷的文化

for the greater good.

為了更大的好

So always think:

所以要常常去想

how is your company and your job

你的公司, 你的工作

serving the greater good?

可以怎樣去為更大的“好”來服務?

Or, how can you further serve

或是, 你怎樣可以更進一步

the greater good?

去為更大的“好”服務?

This awareness of serving the greater good

這些去為更大的好去服務的醒悟

is very self-inspiring

其實是十分自我啟發的

and it creates fertile ground

這也提供了一個

for compassion to grow in.

讓慈悲文化萌芽的土壤。

That's one.

這是第一個

The second ingredient

第二個元素

is autonomy.

是自主性。

So in Google, there's a lot of autonomy.

在谷歌裡, 有很多的自主性。

And one of our most popular managers jokes that,

其中我們一個最受歡迎的經理, 常開玩笑說

this is what he says,

這是他說的:

"Google is a place

「谷歌是一個

where the inmates run the asylum."

由病友去管理的精神病院。」

And he considers himself one of the inmates.

他也自認為是其中一個病友。

If you already have

假如你已經有

a culture of compassion

慈悲心的文化

and idealism

以及理想主義,

and you let your people roam free,

你能讓你的僱員自由,

they will do the right thing

他們便會以最慈悲的方法

in the most compassionate way.

去做對的事。

The third ingredient

第三個元素

is to focus on inner development

是去關注他們的內在成長

and personal growth.

以及個人成長。

Leadership training in Google, for example,

譬如說，在谷歌的領袖訓練,

places a lot of emphasis on the inner qualities,

十分重視個人的內在質素,

such as self-awareness, self-mastery,

像是自覺性, 自我管理,

empathy and compassion,

同理心以及慈悲心等,

because we believe

因為我們相信

that leadership begins

領導的才能

with character.

是由性格開始的。

We even created a seven-week curriculum

我們甚至設計了一個七星期

on emotion intelligence,

關於情緒智能的課程

which we jokingly call "Searching Inside Yourself."

我們都開玩笑的叫這課程為「尋找你內在的自己」

It's less naughty than it sounds.

其實它不如聽起來的佻皮。

So I'm an engineer by training,

我原本是工程師出身,

but I'm one of the creators and instructors of this course,

但我是這課程的設計者和導師之一,

which I find kind of funny,

我個人覺得這很有趣,

because this is a company that trusts an engineer

因為公司十分信任工程師

to teach emotion intelligence.

可以去教情緒智能。

What a company.

這是什麼公司呀！

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

So "Search Inside Yourself" -- how does it work?

這個“尋找你內在的自己”---是怎樣做到的?

It works in three steps.

有三個步驟

The first step

第一步

is attention training.

是專注力的訓練。

Attention is the basis

專注力是所有

of all higher cognitive and emotional abilities.

更高層次的認知和情緒能力的基本。

Therefore, any curriculum

所以, 任何的

for training emotion intelligence

訓練情緒智能的課程

has to begin with attention training.

都是由訓練專注力開始。

The idea here is to train attention

背後的想法是, 由訓練專注力

to create a quality of mind

去創造一個高素質的

that is calm and clear

同時也是

at the same time.

平靜和清徹的心靈。

And this creates the foundation

而這也創造了

for emotion intelligence.

情緒智商的基礎。

The second step follows the first step.

第二步是接著第一步而來

The second step is developing self-knowledge

第二步是發展自我認知

and self-mastery.

以及自我管理

So using the supercharged attention from step one,

當用上第一步所學到的超能專注力,

we create a high-resolution perception

我們就可以在認知和情緒的過程中

into the cognitive and emotive processes.

創建一個高清的接收視野。

What does that mean?

這是什麼意思?

It means being able to observe our thought stream

這是說我們可以內觀自己的思想流程

and the process of emotion

以及情緒的過程

with high clarity,

十分清晰

objectivity

客觀地,

and from a third-person perspective.

就好像從第三者的角度一樣的。

And once you can do that,

當你能做到的時候,

you create the kind of self-knowledge

你便能創造那種

that enables self-mastery.

可以掌管自己的自我認知。

The third step, following the second step,

第三步, 跟隨著第二步來的

is to create new mental habits.

去創造一個全新的精神習慣

What does that mean? Imagine this.

這是什麼意思？試著去想:

Imagine whenever you meet any other person,

想像當你遇見別人

any time you meet a person,

每一次你遇見別人的時候

your habitual, instinctive first thought

你的習慣, 當下的第一意念

is, "I want you to be happy.

就是: 「我希望你快樂

I want you to be happy."

我希望你快樂。」

Imagine you can do that.

想像你能做到。

Having this habit, this mental habit,

有了這個習慣, 這個精神的習慣

changes everything at work.

就可以改變工作中的一切。

Because this good will

因為這份很好的心意

is unconsciously picked up by other people,

是會在不知不覺中的讓別人感受到,

and it creates trust,

而當中便成了信任,

and trust creates a lot of good working relationships.

信任也創造了許多很好的合作關係。

And this also creates the conditions

這也創造了

for compassion in the workplace.

在工作場中的慈悲心的條件。

Someday, we hope to open-source

我們也希望有一天可以公開

"Search Inside Yourself"

「這尋找你內在的自己」的課程内容

so that everybody in the corporate world

讓在企業世界裏的每個人

will at least be able to use it as a reference.

至少都可以用作為一個參考。

And in closing,

在結束之前,

I want to end the same place I started,

我想回到我開始所說的

with happiness.

關於快樂:

I want to quote this guy -- the guy in robes, not the other guy --

我想引用這個穿袈裟的人的話

the Dalai Lama,

達賴喇嘛

who said, "If you want others to be happy,

他說: 「如果你想讓別人快樂

practice compassion.

練習慈悲心

If you want to be happy,

如果你想變得快樂

practice compassion."

練習慈悲心」

I found this to be true,

我覺得這是真的,

both on the individual level

不論在個人的層面

and at a corporate level.

還是企業的層面。

And I hope that compassion

我希望這慈悲心

will be both fun and profitable for you too.

對你來說, 也同時是有趣和帶來利益的。

Thank you.

謝謝

(Applause)

（掌聲）