What I learned as a prisoner in North Korea | Euna Lee

2,971,494 views ・ 2017-10-20

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00:00
Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Camille Martínez
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翻译人员: chunhua zhang 校对人员: Jack Zhang
00:12
I recently read about what the young generation of workers want
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我最近读了《哈佛商业评论》上关于
00:16
in Harvard Business Review.
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年轻一代工人的需求的文章。
00:18
One thing that stuck out to me was: don't just talk about impact,
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有一件事给我留下了深刻的印象: 不要只谈论影响
00:23
but make an impact.
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而是要制造影响。
00:26
I'm a little bit older than you,
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我比你们要大一点
00:29
maybe much older than you,
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也许要大很多。
00:31
but this is exactly the same goal that I had when I was in college.
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但是在我上大学的时候 也是有着这同样的目标,
00:37
I wanted to make my own impact for those who live under injustice;
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我想要为那些受到不公正待遇的人发声。
00:42
it's the reason that I became a documentary journalist,
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这是我为什么 成为一个纪录片记者,
00:45
the reason I became
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也是我在朝鲜
00:47
a prisoner in North Korea for 140 days.
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坐了140天牢的原因。
00:51
It was March 17, 2009.
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那是2009年3月17日,
00:55
It is St. Patrick's Day for all of you,
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对你们来说那天是圣帕特里克节,
00:58
but it was the day that turned my life upside down.
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但也是让我的生活天翻地覆的一天。
01:03
My team and I were making a documentary about North Korean refugees
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我的团队和我正在拍摄一部关于朝鲜难民
01:07
living below human life in China.
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在中国艰难生存的纪录片。
01:12
We were at the border.
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我们在边境线上。
01:15
It was our last day of filming.
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那是我们最后一天的拍摄。
01:19
There was no wire fence
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那里没有铁丝网,
01:22
or bars
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或者栅栏,
01:23
or sign to show that it is the border,
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或者任何的边境标识,
01:25
but this is a place that a lot of North Korean defectors use
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但这是一个很多朝鲜叛逃者
01:29
as an escape route.
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用来作为逃跑路线的地方。
01:32
It was still winter,
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那还是冬天,
01:34
and the river was frozen.
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那条河已经被冻住了。
01:37
When we were in the middle of the frozen river,
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当时我们正在这条结冰的河流中间,
01:41
we were filming about the condition of the cold weather
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拍摄那些叛逃的朝鲜人
01:44
and the environment
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在追寻自由时需要面临的
01:45
that North Koreans had to deal with
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寒冷的气候条件
01:48
when they seek their freedom.
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和周边环境。
01:50
And suddenly, one of my team members shouted,
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突然间,我们中的一个队员喊了起来
01:54
"Soldiers!"
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“士兵来了!”
01:55
So I looked back,
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我回头看了一眼
01:57
and there were two small soldiers in green uniforms with rifles,
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有两个穿着绿军装拿着步枪的瘦小的士兵
02:03
chasing after us.
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正在追我们。
02:05
We all ran as fast as we could.
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我们全都用最快的速度逃跑。
02:08
I prayed that, please don't let them shoot my head.
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我祈祷着,不要让他们射中我的头。
02:12
And I was thinking that,
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我还在想
02:14
if my feet are on Chinese soil,
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如果我是在中国的领土上,
02:16
I'll be safe.
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那么我就安全了。
02:18
And I made it to Chinese soil.
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并且我跑到了中国的领土上,
02:21
Then I saw my colleague Laura Ling fall on her knees.
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然后我看到我的同事凌志美跪倒在地上。
02:26
I didn't know what to do at that short moment,
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那一刻我脑中一片空白,
02:28
but I knew that I could not leave her alone there
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但是当她对我说:“丽娜,我 的腿已失去知觉。”时
02:31
when she said, "Euna, I can't feel my legs."
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我知道我不能将她独自留下。
02:35
In a flash, we were surrounded by these two Korean soldiers.
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瞬间我们就被那两个朝鲜士兵包围了。
02:40
They were not much bigger than us,
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他们的身材比我们高大不了多少
02:42
but they were determined to take us to their army base.
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但是他们决定了将我们 带往他们的军事基地。
02:47
I begged and yelled for any kind of help,
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我为了能获得帮助而乞求和叫喊着,
02:50
hoping that someone would show up from China.
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希望能有人从中国的领土上出现。
02:55
Here I was, being stubborn
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我顽强地对抗着
02:57
towards a trained soldier with a gun.
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一个训练有素的拿着枪的士兵。
03:00
I looked at his eyes.
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我看着他的眼睛。
03:04
He was just a boy.
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他还只是一个孩子。
03:06
At that moment, he raised his rifle to hit me,
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那一刻,他举起手中的步枪砸向我,
03:10
but I saw that he was hesitating.
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但是我看到他在犹豫,
03:12
His eyes were shaking,
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他的眼神飘忽不定,
03:14
and his rifle was still up in the air.
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而他手中的步枪一直举在空中。
03:18
So I shouted at him,
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我对他喊道,
03:20
"OK, OK, I'll walk with you."
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“好,好,我跟你走。”
03:23
And I got up.
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然后我站了起来
03:26
When we arrived at their army base,
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当我们抵达他们的军事基地时
03:29
my head was spinning with these worst-case scenarios,
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身处这个最糟糕的情境下的我头昏脑涨,
03:33
and my colleague's statement wasn't helping.
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而我同事的陈述对我毫无帮助。
03:36
She said, "We are the enemy."
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她说:“我们是敌人。”
03:39
She was right: we were the enemy.
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她说得没错:我们是敌人。
03:43
And I was supposed to be frightened, too.
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而我也应该感到害怕的。
03:46
But I kept having these odd experiences.
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但是我不断的体验了一些古怪的事情。
03:49
This time, an officer brought me his coat
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当时,一个军官把他的外套
03:53
to keep me warm,
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拿给我保暖,
03:54
because I lost my coat on the frozen river
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因为我在跟其中一个士兵争斗的时候
03:58
while battling with one of these soldiers.
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将我的外套丢失在了冰河里。
04:02
I will tell you what I mean by these odd experiences.
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我会告诉你我所说的古怪的体验是什么。
04:07
I grew up in South Korea.
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我在韩国长大。
04:09
To us, North Korea was always the enemy,
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对我们来说,朝鲜一直是我们的敌人,
04:13
even before I was born.
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甚至在我还没出生时就已经是了。
04:15
South and North have been under armistice for 63 years,
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南、北韩自朝鲜战争后
04:20
since the end of the Korean War.
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已停战63年。
04:23
And growing up in the South in the '80s and '90s,
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作为在韩国长大的80后、90后
04:27
we were taught propaganda about North Korea.
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我们从小就受到了关于朝鲜的宣传。
04:33
And we heard so many graphic stories,
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我们看了太多的关于朝鲜的绘画故事,
04:35
such as, a little young boy being brutally killed
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诸如一个小男孩只是因为
04:39
by North Korean spies just because he said,
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说了一句:“我不喜欢共产党员。”
04:42
"I don't like communists."
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就被朝鲜间谍残忍杀害之类的。
04:45
Or, I watched this cartoon series
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或者如我看的这个卡通系列,
04:49
about a young South Korean boy defeating these fat, big, red pig,
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讲的是一个南韩小男孩战胜 这只肥大的红猪
04:54
which represented the North Koreans' first leader at the time.
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这只猪代表的是朝鲜当时的最高领导人。
04:59
And the effect of hearing these horrible stories over and over
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一遍又一遍的听这种恐怖故事所产生的影响
05:04
instilled one word in a young mind:
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就是在年轻人的脑中植入了一个词
05:08
"enemy."
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“敌人”。
05:10
And I think at some point, I dehumanized them,
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我想在某种程度上, 我已经将他们非人化了,
05:14
and the people of North Korea became equated
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而朝鲜人民也被
05:19
with the North Korean government.
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等同于朝鲜政府了。
05:23
Now, back to my detention.
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现在说回到我在监狱中的日子
05:25
It was the second day
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在我被关入牢房的
05:27
of being in a cell.
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第二天
05:30
I had not slept since I was out at the border.
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自从我在边境被抓我都没睡过觉。
05:34
This young guard came to my cell
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一个年轻的看守来到我的牢房
05:37
and offered me this small boiled egg
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给了我一个煮熟的小鸡蛋,
05:41
and said, "This will give you strength to keep going."
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并且说道,“这个会给你坚持下去的力量。”
05:46
Do you know what it is like,
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你知道这像是什么吗,
05:49
receiving a small kindness in the enemy's hand?
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从敌人的手中接过一份小小的善意?
05:53
Whenever they were kind to me, I thought the worst case
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每当她们对我展现善意时,我都在想
05:56
was waiting for me after the kindness.
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这种善意过后等待 我的将是最糟糕的情况。
06:01
One officer noticed my nervousness.
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有一个军官注意到了我的紧张
06:04
He said, "Did you think we were all these red pigs?"
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他说,“你是不是在认为 我们所有人都是红猪?”
06:09
referring to the cartoon that I just showed you.
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他指的是我刚刚给你们看的卡通。
06:15
Every day was like a psychological battle.
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每一天都像是经历一场心理战。
06:18
The interrogator had me sit at a table
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审讯员让我坐在一张桌子上
06:21
six days a week
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一周六天,
06:23
and had me writing down about my journey, my work,
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并且让我一遍又一遍的写下 我的行程和工作,
06:27
over and over until I wrote down the confession that they wanted to hear.
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直到我写出他们想要的供词。
06:33
After about three months of detention,
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大概在被关押了3个月后
06:36
the North Korean court sentenced me
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朝鲜法庭判处了我
06:41
to 12 years in a labor camp.
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12年的强制劳改。
06:44
So I was just sitting in my room to be transferred.
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我在牢房坐着等待被转移,
06:48
At that time, I really had nothing else to do,
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那个时候,我真的没什么事情可做,
06:50
so I paid attention to these two female guards
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所以我将注意力集中在两个女看守身上
06:53
and listened to what they were talking about.
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并且听到了她们的谈话。
06:56
Guard A was older,
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看守甲年纪更大一点
06:58
and she studied English.
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并且学过英语,
07:01
She seemed like she came from an affluent family.
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她看起来来自于一个富裕家庭。
07:05
She often showed up with these colorful dresses,
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她经常打扮得花枝招展
07:07
and then loved to show off.
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然后喜欢炫耀。
07:10
And Guard B was the younger one,
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看守乙是年轻一点的,
07:13
and she was a really good singer.
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她真的是一个优秀的歌手。
07:16
She loved to sing Celine Dion's "My Heart Will Go On" --
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她喜欢唱席琳迪翁的《我心永恒》——
07:21
sometimes too much.
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有时候喜欢得过份了。
07:22
She knew just how to torture me without knowing.
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她知道怎样在不知不觉中折磨我。
07:26
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
07:28
And this girl spent a lot of time in the morning to put on makeup,
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这个女孩子每天早上都花很多时间化妆,
07:34
like you can see in any young girl's life.
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就像你所知道的任何年轻女孩子一样。
07:39
And they loved to watch this Chinese drama,
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她们喜欢看中国的电视剧,
07:43
a better quality production.
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因为质量更高。
07:45
I remember Guard B said,
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我记得看守乙说过
07:48
"I can no longer watch our TV shows after watching this."
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“看了中国的电视剧后, 我再也不想看我们自己的了。”
07:53
She got scolded
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她因贬低
07:55
for degrading her own country's produced TV shows.
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自己国家的电视剧而受到了训斥。
08:00
Guard B had more of a free mind than Guard A,
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看守乙比看守甲拥有更多的自由思想
08:03
and she often got scolded by Guard A whenever she expressed herself.
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她经常在表达自己的观点时 受到看守甲的训斥。
08:10
One day, they invited all these female colleagues --
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有一天,她们邀请了所有的女同事——
08:13
I don't know where they came from --
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我不知道这些同事来自哪里——
08:15
to where I was held,
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到我所在的监狱,
08:18
and they invited me
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然后她们邀请我
08:19
to their guard room
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到她们的警卫室
08:21
and asked
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问我
08:23
if one-night stands really happen in the US.
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一夜情真的会在美国发生吗?
08:26
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
08:29
This is the country where young couples are not even allowed
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这是一个年轻情侣在公共场所牵手,
08:34
to hold hands in public.
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都不被允许的国家。
08:36
I had no idea where they had gotten this information,
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我不知道她们是从哪得来的这些信息,
08:39
but they were shy and giggly even before I said anything.
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但是在我还没说什么的时候, 她们就害羞傻笑了。
08:43
I think we all forgot that I was their prisoner,
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我想我们都忘了我是她们的囚犯,
08:48
and it was like going back to my high school classroom again.
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这就像是回到了我的高中课堂。
08:52
And I learned that these girls also grew up watching a similar cartoon,
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我了解到这些女孩也是 看着相似的卡通长大的
08:58
but just propaganda towards South Korea and the US.
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只不过宣传内容针对的是韩国和美国。
09:03
I started to understand where these people's anger was coming from.
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我开始理解这些人的愤怒从何而来。
09:09
If these girls grew up learning that we are enemies,
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如果这些女孩从小到大 都被教育说我们是敌人,
09:13
it was just natural that they would hate us
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那么她们很自然的会恨我们
09:16
just as I feared them.
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就像我害怕她们一样。
09:19
But at that moment, we were all just girls
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但是在那一刻,我们只是一些
09:23
who shared the same interests,
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分享共同兴趣爱好的女孩子,
09:26
beyond our ideologies that separated us.
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超越了那些使我们分离的意识形态。
09:31
I shared these stories with my boss at Current TV at the time
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后来我回家后跟我当时在 潮流电视台的上司
09:36
after I came home.
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分享了这些故事。
09:37
His first reaction was,
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他的第一反应是,
09:40
"Euna, have you heard of Stockholm Syndrome?"
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“丽娜,你是否听说过 斯德哥尔摩综合症?”
09:44
Yes, and I clearly remember
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是的,我清楚的记得
09:49
the feeling of fear
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那种恐惧和
09:50
and being threatened,
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受到威胁的感觉,
09:53
and tension rising up between me and the interrogator
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每当我和审讯者谈到政治时
09:57
when we talked about politics.
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紧张的气氛就陡然上升了。
09:59
There definitely was a wall that we couldn't climb over.
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很显然在我们面前 有一堵无法翻越的墙。
10:04
But we were able to see each other as human beings
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但有时我们也能将对方看作正常人类,
10:08
when we talked about family,
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那是在我们谈到家人,
10:10
everyday life,
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日常生活,
10:12
the importance of the future for our children.
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以及未来对我们小孩的重要性时。
10:18
It was about a month before I came home.
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大概是在我回家前的1个月,
10:21
I got really sick.
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我病得很厉害
10:23
Guard B stopped by my room to say goodbye,
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看守乙在我的牢房停下了脚步对我说再见,
10:27
because she was leaving the detention center.
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因为她要离开这座监狱了。
10:32
She made sure that no one watched us,
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她在确定没有人看到我们,
10:35
no one heard us,
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没人听得到我们说话后,
10:37
and quietly said,
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悄悄地说
10:39
"I hope you get better
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“我希望你能好起来
10:40
and go back to your family soon."
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并且很快就能回家。”
10:45
It is these people --
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就是这些人——
10:47
the officer who brought me his coat,
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给我外套的军官
10:51
the guard who offered me a boiled egg,
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给我熟鸡蛋的看守
10:54
these female guards who asked me about dating life in the US --
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以及那些问我关于美国的恋爱生活 的女看守们——
10:59
they are the ones that I remember of North Korea:
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他们是我所记住的朝鲜人:
11:04
humans just like us.
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跟我们一样的人类。
11:07
North Koreans and I were not ambassadors of our countries,
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朝鲜人和我都不是各自国家的大使,
11:13
but I believe that we were representing
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但是我相信我们都代表着
11:16
the human race.
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人类。
11:19
Now I'm back home and back to my life.
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如今我已回到家并回归了我的生活。
11:24
The memory of these people has blurred as time has passed.
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关于这些人的记忆也随着时间 而变得模糊。
11:29
And I'm in this place
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现在我在这里
11:31
where I read and hear about North Korea provoking the US.
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读到和听到朝鲜在挑衅美国。
11:35
I realized how easy it is
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我意识到他们重新将彼此视为敌人
11:38
to see them as an enemy again.
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是多么容易的一件事。
11:42
But I have to keep reminding myself that when I was over there,
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但是我需要不断的提醒自己 当我被关在那里的时候
11:49
I was able to see humanity
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我是能够从我的敌人眼里
11:52
over hatred
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越过仇恨
11:53
in my enemy's eyes.
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而看到人性的。
11:56
Thank you.
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谢谢。
11:58
(Applause)
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(掌声)
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