Angelo Vermeulen: How to go to space, without having to go to space

78,358 views ・ 2015-02-19

TED


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翻译人员: Li Li 校对人员: 文进 肖
00:12
I am multidisciplinary.
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我的研究涉及很多方面
00:14
As a scientist, I've been a crew commander for a NASA Mars simulation last year,
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作为一名科学家,我曾在去年 担任 NASA 火星模拟项目的指挥官
00:19
and as an artist, I create multicultural community art all over the planet.
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作为一名艺术家,我在世界各地 创作多元文化的社群艺术
00:26
And recently, I've actually been combining both.
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最近,我在把两者进行结合
00:29
But let me first talk a little more about that NASA mission.
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但首先让我先谈谈NASA的这个任务
00:33
This is the HI-SEAS program.
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这是一个叫HI-SEAS的项目
00:35
HI-SEAS is a NASA-funded planetary surface analogue
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HI-SEAS是NASA出资的一项 模拟行星表面的项目
00:38
on the Mauna Loa volcano in Hawaii,
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地点设在夏威夷的莫纳罗亚火山
00:41
and it's a research program that is specifically designed
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这个研究项目专门用来
00:44
to study the effects of long-term isolation of small crews.
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研究小团队组在长期隔离下的影响
00:49
I lived in this dome for four months with a crew of six,
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我和六人小组在圆顶里住了四个月
00:53
a very interesting experience, of course.
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确实是非常有趣的经历
00:56
We did all kinds of research.
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我们做了各种研究
00:59
Our main research was actually a food study,
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我们的主要研究是食物研究
01:01
but apart from that food study --
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但除了为宇航员在太空生活开发新的食物系统
01:03
developing a new food system for astronauts living in deep space --
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这一食物相关研究
01:07
we also did all kinds of other research.
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我们也做了其他的研究项目
01:09
We did extra-vehicular activities, as you can see here,
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我们也做了舱外活动,正如你所看到的
01:12
wearing mock-up space suits,
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穿着实体模型太空衣
01:14
but we also had our chores and lots of other stuff to do,
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但我们也有我们自己的杂务 和其他很多的事要做
01:17
like questionnaires at the end of every day.
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像每天结束前的问卷
01:19
Busy, busy work.
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非常繁忙的工作
01:21
Now, as you can imagine,
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现在,正如你想象的那样
01:23
it's quite challenging to live with just a small group of people
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和一个小团队的人 在狭小空间内长时间一起生活
01:26
in a small space for a long time.
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是非常有挑战性的
01:28
There's all kinds of psychological challenges:
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会出现各种心理上的挑战:
01:31
how to keep a team together in these circumstances;
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如何在这些情况下把团队聚在一起;
01:35
how to deal with the warping of time you start to sense
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当你意识到时间有扭曲的感觉时
01:37
when you're living in these circumstances;
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如何在这些情况下处理对时间的扭曲感;
01:40
sleep problems that arise; etc.
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还有出现的睡眠问题,等等
01:41
But also we learned a lot.
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但同时我们也学到很多东西
01:44
I learned a lot about how individual crew members
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我学到很多关于个人
01:46
actually cope with a situation like this;
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如何独自处理上述情况的方法;
01:49
how you can keep a crew productive and happy,
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如何让队员保持乐观积极,
01:52
for example, giving them a good deal of autonomy
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例如,给予他们较大的自主度
01:55
is a good trick to do that;
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是个不错的办法;
01:57
and honestly, I learned a lot about leadership,
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老实说,我学到很多关于领导力的事
02:00
because I was a crew commander.
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因为我是一名指挥官
02:01
So doing this mission,
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所以,在做这个任务的时候
02:03
I really started thinking more deeply about our future in outer space.
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我确实开始更深层地思考 我们在外太空的未来
02:08
We will venture into outer space, and we will start inhabiting outer space.
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我们会冒险进入外太空, 然后开始在外太空居住
02:12
I have no doubt about it.
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对此我深信不疑
02:14
It might take 50 years or it might take 500 years,
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可能需要50年的时间 或者500年的时间来实现
02:17
but it's going to happen nevertheless.
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但它总归会实现的
02:20
So I came up with a new art project called Seeker.
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所以我想出了一个艺术项目, 叫“探寻者”
02:24
And the Seeker project is actually challenging communities all over the world
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这个探寻者项目 是向全世界的团体发出挑战
02:28
to come up with starship prototypes
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挑战他们是否能设计出星舰原型
02:31
that re-envision human habitation and survival.
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重构人类的居住和生存
02:34
That's the core of the project.
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这就是这个项目的核心
02:36
Now, one important thing:
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现在,很重要的一点:
02:38
This is not a dystopian project.
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这不是一个反乌托邦项目
02:41
This is not about, "Oh my God, the world is going wrong
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这不是“我去,这个世界快挂了
02:43
and we have to escape because we need another future somewhere else."
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我们得快逃, 因为我们还要在别的地方继续生存。”
02:47
No, no.
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不是这样的
02:49
The project is basically inviting people
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这个项目其实就是邀请人们
02:51
to take a step away from earthbound constraints
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暂时摆脱地球上的约束
02:54
and, as such, reimagine our future.
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然后,比如,重新想象我们的未来
02:57
And it's really helpful, and it works really well,
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这真的很有帮助 并且进展也很顺利
03:00
so that's really the important part of what we're doing.
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这就是我们目前在做的很重要的一部分
03:04
Now, in this project, I'm using a cocreation approach,
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在这个项目中, 我用的是一种合作创造的方法
03:08
which is a slightly different approach
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它和你们印象中的艺术家所用的方法
03:11
from what you would expect from many artists.
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稍微有点不同
03:13
I'm essentially dropping a basic idea into a group, into a community,
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基本上我就是把一个简单的想法 丢给一个小组,一个团体
03:17
people start gravitating to the idea,
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人们就会被这个想法吸引过来
03:20
and together, we shape and build the artwork.
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然后我们一起塑造建造这个艺术品
03:23
It's a little bit like termites, really.
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感觉有点像白蚁,真的
03:26
We just work together,
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我们就是一起工作
03:27
and even, for example, when architects visit what we're doing,
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甚至,例如,当建筑师看到我们做的事情时
03:30
sometimes they have a bit of a hard time understanding
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有时他们会很难理解
03:32
how we build without a master plan.
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我们是如何在没有宏伟计划的情况下建造的
03:34
We always come up with these fantastic large-scale scupltures
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我们经常做出这些壮观的大型雕塑
03:37
that actually we can also inhabit.
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而且我们也能住进去
03:41
The first version was done in Belgium and Holland.
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第一版是在比利时和荷兰完工的
03:45
It was built with a team of almost 50 people.
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由一个约50人的团队建成的
03:47
This is the second iteration of that same project,
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这是同一个项目的第二次迭代
03:50
but in Slovenia, in a different country,
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但在斯洛文尼亚,在不同的国家
03:52
and the new group was like, we're going to do the architecture differently.
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我们的新团队决定 在建筑风格上不走寻常路
03:56
So they took away the architecture, they kept the base of the artwork,
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所以他们舍弃原先的风格 保留作品的底子
04:00
and they built an entirely new,
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然后他们建造了一个全新的
04:02
much more biomorphic architecture on top of that.
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更具生物形态的风格
04:05
And that's another crucial part of the project.
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这也是这个项目极为关键的另外一点
04:07
It's an evolving artwork, evolving architecture.
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它是艺术品的进化, 是建筑的进化
04:11
This was the last version that was just presented a few weeks ago in Holland,
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这是几周前在荷兰展出的最新版本
04:15
which was using caravans as modules to build a starship.
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它用的是小面包车为模型来建造星舰
04:19
We bought some second-hand caravans,
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我们购置了些二手小面包车
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cut them open,
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把它们切开
04:22
and reassembled them into a starship.
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然后把它们装成一艘星舰
04:25
Now, when we're thinking about starships,
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现在,当我们想到星舰时
04:28
we're not just approaching it as a technological challenge.
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我们不仅把它当做一个技术难题来对待
04:31
We're really looking at it as a combination of three systems:
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我们还把它当做一套三系统的结合:
04:34
ecology, people and technology.
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生态,人类,和科技
04:36
So there's always a strong ecological component in the project.
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所以这里面一直有不容忽视的生态元素
04:40
Here you can see aquaponic systems
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这是一个鱼菜共生系统
04:42
that are actually surrounding the astronauts,
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它们分布在宇航员四周
04:44
so they're constantly in contact with part of the food that they're eating.
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所以他们一直和吃的食物保持互动
04:50
Now, a very typical thing for this project
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现在,对这个项目来说, 有一件非常特别的事
04:53
is that we run our own isolation missions inside these art and design projects.
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就是我们在这些艺术设计作品内 执行我们的隔离任务
05:00
We actually lock ourselves up for multiple days on end,
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我们会把自己关在里面连续好几天
05:03
and test what we build.
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测试我们建造的东西
05:05
And this is, for example,
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例如这个
05:06
on the right hand side you can see an isolation mission
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在右边你会看见隔离项目
05:09
in the Museum of Modern Art in Ljubljana in Slovenia,
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它在斯洛文尼亚共和国的卢布尔雅那 现代艺术博物馆内
05:12
where six artists and designers locked themselves up --
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六名艺术家和设计师把自己关起来——
05:15
I was part of that --
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我也是其中之一
05:16
for four days inside the museum.
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在博物馆里住了四天
05:19
And, of course, obviously, this is a very performative
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当然,对我们来说
05:21
and very strong experience for all of us.
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这是一次非常表述行为且印象深刻的经历
05:26
Now, the next version of the project is currently being developed
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现在,这个项目的下一个版本正在开发中
05:30
together with Camilo Rodriguez-Beltran, who is also a TED Fellow,
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和Camilo Rodriguez-Beltran一起, 他也是一名TED Fellow
05:34
in the Atacama Desert in Chile, a magical place.
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地点在智利的阿塔卡马沙漠, 一个神奇的地方
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First of all, it's really considered a Mars analogue.
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首先,我们把它当做火星模拟
05:41
It really does look like Mars in certain locations
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在某些地方,它真的看起来很像火星
05:44
and has been used by NASA to test equipment.
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也被NASA用来测试设备
05:48
And it has a long history of being connected to space
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而且在这里通过观星研究太空
05:51
through observations of the stars.
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也有着悠久的历史
05:53
It's now home to ALMA,
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而现在则是ALMA的家
05:55
the large telescope that's being developed there.
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ALMA是正在那里建立的大型望远镜
05:59
But also, it's the driest location on the planet,
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同时,它也是地球上最干燥的地方
06:03
and that makes it extremely interesting to build our project,
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这也使得建造过程十分有趣
06:06
because suddenly, sustainability is something we have to explore fully.
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因为突然,可持续性, 是我们必须充分了解的
06:11
We have no other option,
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我们没有别的选择
06:13
so I'm very curious to see what's going to happen.
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所以我十分好奇接下来会发生什么
06:16
Now, a specific thing for this particular version of the project
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现在,在这个特别版本的项目中
06:20
is that I'm very interested to see
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有一件令我非常感兴趣的事
06:22
how we can connect with the local population,
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就是想看我们如何和当地居民联系
06:24
the native population.
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和本地人联系
06:25
These people have been living there for a very long time
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这些人已经在这里生活了非常长的时间
06:28
and can be considered experts in sustainability,
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可以把他们当做可持续性领域的专家
06:31
and so I'm very interested to see what we can learn from them,
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我也很想知道我们可以从他们那里学到什么
06:34
and have an input of indigenous knowledge into space exploration.
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然后把当地的知识带到太空探索中
06:38
So we're trying to redefine how we look at our future in outer space
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所以我们正试着重新定义 我们如何看待我们在外太空的未来
06:43
by exploring integration, biology, technology and people;
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通过用共同创造的办法
06:48
by using a cocreation approach;
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探索综合一体化,生活,科技,和人
06:50
and by using and exploring local traditions
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另外通过利用和探索当地传统
06:54
and to see how we can learn from the past and integrate that into our deep future.
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看看我们如何在过去中学习新知识, 并应用到更深层次的未来中去
06:58
Thank you.
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谢谢
07:00
(Applause)
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(掌声)
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