Alberto Cairo: There are no scraps of men

翻译人员: Lili Liang 校对人员: Dennis Guo

I've been in Afghanistan for 21 years.

我在阿富汗21年了

I work for the Red Cross

为红十字会工作

and I'm a physical therapist.

我是一个理疗医师

My job is to make arms and legs --

我的工作就是制作义肢 --

well it's not completely true.

当然 不完全是这样

We do more than that.

我们做的比这多得多

We provide the patients,

我们帮助病患

the Afghan disabled,

那些阿富汗的残疾人

first with the physical rehabilitation

先恢复肢体功能

then with the social reintegration.

然后重返社会

It's a very logical plan,

这非常符合逻辑

but it was not always like this.

但事情并非一直如此

For many years, we were just providing them

常年以来 我们给他们的

with artificial limbs.

只是义肢而已

It took quite many years

我们花了许多年

for the program to become what it is now.

才让这个项目取得现在的成果

Today, I would like to tell you a story,

今天我想讲一个故事

the story of a big change,

关于一个巨大变化的故事

and the story of the people

以及实现这变化的人

who made this change possible.

他们的故事

I arrived in Afghanistan

1990年

in 1990

我到了阿富汗

to work in a hospital

为一家收治战争伤员的

for war victims.

医院工作

And then, not only for war victims,

后来 医院不仅收治战争伤员

but it was for any kind of patient.

还收治其他各种病患

I was also working

我同时也在

in the orthopedic center, we call it.

矫形中心工作

This is the place where we make the legs.

这里就是我们制作义肢的地方

At that time

当时

I found myself

我发现

in a strange situation.

自己处于一种尴尬的境地

I felt not quite ready

我不确定

for that job.

自己是否适合这份工作

There was so much to learn.

要学的东西太多了

There were so many things new to me.

我对太多事情不了解了

But it was a terrific job.

但这是一份很棒的工作

But as soon as the fighting intensified,

但是随着战事越来越激烈

the physical rehabilitation was suspended.

肢体复健项目被搁置了

There were many other things to do.

我们要忙许多其他的事情

So the orthopedic center was closed

于是矫形中心被关闭了

because physical rehabilitation

因为人们认为它不是

was not considered a priority.

重中之重

It was a strange sensation.

这是种奇怪的感觉

Anyway, you know every time I make this speech --

每次我做这个演讲

it's not the first time -- but it's an emotion.

这不是第一次了 但这是一种情感

It's something that comes out from the past.

从过去就开始了

It's 21 years,

21年了

but they are still all there.

这种感觉还在

Anyway, in 1992,

1992年

the Mujahideen took all Afghanistan.

圣战者组织占领了整个阿富汗

And the orthopedic center was closed.

矫形中心被关闭了

I was assigned to work for the homeless,

我被分配去帮助无家可归的人

for the internally displaced people.

和因战争流离失所的人

But one day, something happened.

但有一天 一件事情发生了

I was coming back

我从一个

from a big food distribution in a mosque

大批发放食物的清真寺回来

where tens and tens of people

那里收容的十几个人

were squatting in terrible conditions.

身体状况都很糟糕

I wanted to go home. I was driving.

我当时正开着车 - 我想回家。

You know, when you want to forget,

你知道吗，当你想要忘记

you don't want to see things,

或不想面对一些事情的时候

so you just want to go to your room, to lock yourself inside

你只会想回家 把自己关在房间里

and say, "That's enough."

说：“我受够了。”

A bomb fell not far from my car --

一颗炸弹在距我的车不远的地方爆炸了

well, far enough, but big noise.

虽然没炸到我 但还是传来了一声巨响

And everybody disappeared from the street.

街上的人瞬间消失了

The cars disappeared as well.

车辆也消失了

I ducked.

我绻下身

And only one figure

唯一一个

remained in the middle of the road.

留在路中间的

It was a man in a wheelchair

是一个坐着轮椅的男子

desperately trying to move away.

他正慌忙地想要移开原地

Well I'm not a particularly brave person,

我不是一个非常勇敢的人

I have to confess it,

我承认

but I could not just ignore him.

但是 我不能就这么丢下他不管

So I stopped the car

于是 我停了车

and I went to help.

上前去帮他

The man was without legs

这个人没有腿

and only with one arm.

只有一只手臂

Behind him there was a child, his son,

他身后有一个孩子 他的儿子

red in the face

脸蛋通红

in an effort to push the father.

正使劲推着父亲

So I took him into a safe place.

我把他带到一个安全的地方

And I ask, "What are you doing out in the street

然后我问：“你们这时候在大街上

in this situation?"

干什么？”

"I work," he said.

“我在工作。” 他说

I wondered, what work?

我觉得奇怪 做什么工作？

And then I ask an even more stupid question:

接着我问了一个更加愚蠢的问题：

"Why don't you have the prostheses?

“你怎么没有义肢呢？

Why don't you have the artificial legs?"

怎么没有假腿呢？”

And he said, "The Red Cross has closed."

他说：“红十字会关门了。”

Well without thinking, I told him

我想都没想就对他说：

"Come tomorrow.

“明天你过来，

We will provide you with a pair of legs."

我们会给你一双义肢。”

The man, his name was Mahmoud,

这名叫麦哈麦得的男子

and the child, whose name was Rafi, left.

和他的孩子 拉菲 便走了

And then I said, "Oh, my God. What did I say?

结果 我对自己说：“天啊，我说的是什么胡话？

The center is closed,

中心关闭了，

no staff around.

里面根本没有人。

Maybe the machinery is broken.

说不定连机器都是坏的。

Who is going to make the legs for him?"

谁来给他做义肢啊？”

So I hoped that he would not come.

我希望他不会过来

This is the streets of Kabul

这就是那段战火纷飞日子里

in those days.

喀布尔的街道

So I said, "Well I will give him some money."

于是我说：“那我就给他点钱。”

And so the following day,

第二天

I went to the orthopedic center.

我到了矫形中心

And I spoke with a gatekeeper.

我嘱咐了门卫几句

I was ready to tell him,

我准备告诉他：

"Listen, if someone such-and-such comes tomorrow,

“听着， 如果明天有一个这个模样的人过来，

please tell him that it was a mistake.

你就告诉他，他弄错了。

Nothing can be done.

我们没有办法帮助他。

Give him some money."

然后给他一些钱。”

But Mahmoud and his son were already there.

但是 麦哈麦得和他的儿子已经等在那里了

And they were not alone.

还不止他们

There were 15, maybe 20, people like him waiting.

有十五到二十个人残疾人也等在那里

And there was some staff too.

一些工作人员也在场

Among them there was my right-hand man,

其中还有我的助手

Najmuddin.

纳吉木丁

And the gatekeeper told me,

门卫告诉我

"They come everyday to see if the center will open."

“他们每天都来看中心是否开门。”

I said, "No.

我说：“不行。

We have to go away. We cannot stay here."

我们必须离开。不能留在这里。”

They were bombing -- not very close -- but you could hear the noise of the bombs.

轰炸还在进行中 虽然不是很近 但是你仍然可以听到爆炸声

So, "We cannot stay here, it's dangerous.

“我们不能留在这里，太危险了。

It's not a priority."

保命要紧。”

But Najmuddin told me, "Listen now, we're here."

但纳吉木丁对我说：“听着，我们现在在这里。

At least we can start repairing the prostheses, the broken prostheses of the people

至少，我们可以开始修理这些人坏了的义肢，

and maybe try to do something

然后也许可以为麦哈麦得这样的人

for people like Mahmoud."

做点什么。”

I said, "No, please. We cannot do that.

我说：“不行，我们不能这么做。

It's really dangerous.

太危险了。

We have other things to do."

我们还有更重要的事情要忙。”

But they insisted.

但他们坚持这么做

When you have 20 people

二十个人

in front of you, looking at you

就这么站在你面前 看着你

and you are the one who has to decide ...

等着你做出决定

So we started doing some repairs.

于是我们开始做一些修理

Also one of the physical therapists

其中一个理疗医师

reported that Mahmoud

说他们可以

could be provided with a leg,

为麦哈麦得提供一只假腿

but not immediately.

但要花一些时间

The legs were swollen

他的腿有水肿

and the knees were stiff,

且膝盖僵硬

so he needed a long preparation.

他需要一段长时间的准备

Believe me, I was worried

相信我 我很担心

because I was breaking the rules.

因为我违反规定了

I was doing something

我做的事情

that I was not supposed to do.

不是我分内的事

In the evening,

晚上

I went to speak with the bosses at the headquarters,

我去和总部的几位上司谈话

and I told them -- I lied --

我对他们撒了谎

I told them, "Listen, we are going to start

我告诉他们：“我们准备开始

a couple of hours per day,

每天用几个小时

just a few repairs."

做一些修理工作。”

Maybe some of them are here now.

可能他们有几位今天就在这里

(Laughter)

（众人笑）

So we started.

于是 我们开工了

I was working, I was going everyday

我每天都在工作

to work for the homeless.

帮助无家可归的人

And Najmuddin was staying there,

纳吉木丁在那里

doing everything and reporting on the patients.

忙里忙外 汇报病人的情况

He was telling me, "Patients are coming."

他告诉我：“病人们来了。”

We knew that many more patients

我们知道有更多的病人

could not come, prevented by the fighting.

因为战争而来不了

But people were coming.

但是人们还是源源不断地来

And Mahmoud was coming every day.

麦哈麦得每天都来

And slowly, slowly

慢慢地

week after week

一周接着一周

his legs were improving.

他逐渐可以用义肢行走了

The stump or cast prosthesis was made,

义肢做好了

and he was starting

他开始了

the real physical rehabilitation.

真正的物理康复治疗

He was coming every day,

他每天都来

crossing the front line.

穿越前线而来

A couple of times I crossed the front line

我曾经穿越前线一两次

in the very place where Mahmoud and his son were crossing.

也就是麦哈麦得父子经过的地方

I tell you, it was something so sinister

告诉你们 看到他能够每天穿过

that I was astonished he could do it every day.

危机四伏的前线 我感到异常惊讶

But finally, the great day arrived.

终于 美好的一天到来了

Mahmoud was going to be discharged

麦哈麦得能够

with his new legs.

用他的新腿行走了

It was April, I remember,

我记得当时是四月

a very beautiful day.

一个美丽的日子

April in Kabul is beautiful,

喀布尔的四月异常美丽

full of roses, full of flowers.

玫瑰 鲜花盛开

We could not possibly stay indoors,

我们不想留在室内

with all these sandbags at the windows.

那些沙袋堆在窗边

Very sad, dark.

太悲凉 太昏暗了

So we chose a small spot in the garden.

我们这花园里找了一小块地方

And Mahmoud put on his prostheses,

麦哈麦得安上他的义肢

the other patients did the same,

其他病人也如此

and they started practicing

他们开始

for the last time before being discharged.

做康复前的最后一次练习

Suddenly, they started fighting.

突然间 外面突然打起了杖

Two groups of Mujahideen started fighting.

两股圣战组织开始交火

We could hear in the air

我们能够听到

the bullets passing.

子弹飞过的声音

So we dashed, all of us,

我们所有人

towards the shelter.

迅速向室内冲去

Mahmoud grabbed his son, I grabbed someone else.

麦哈麦得拉着他的儿子 我拉着另一个人

Everybody was grabbing something.

每个人都拉着另一个

And we ran.

我们撒腿就跑

You know, 50 meters can be a long distance

你知道吗 当你完全暴露在外面的时候

if you are totally exposed,

五十米的距离可以显得那么长

but we managed to reach the shelter.

但我们都找到了藏身地

Inside, all of us panting,

在里面 我们害怕得发抖，

I sat a moment and I heard Rafi telling his father,

我坐了一会儿 听见拉菲对父亲说：

"Father, you can run faster than me."

“爸爸，你跑得比我快。”

(Laughter)

（众人笑）

And Mahmoud, "Of course I can.

麦哈麦得说：“当然啦。

I can run, and now you can go to school.

我现在能跑了，所以现在你可以去上学了。

No need of staying with me all the day

不用再为我

pushing my wheelchair."

整天推轮椅了。”

Later on, we took them home.

后来 我们把送他们回家

And I will never forget

我永远不会忘记

Mahmoud and his son walking together

麦哈麦得和儿子走在一起

pushing the empty wheelchair.

推着那辆空轮椅的情景。

And then I understood,

然后我就明白了

physical rehabilitation is a priority.

原来 肢体复健是重中之重

Dignity cannot wait for better times.

尊严不能多等一天

From that day on, we never closed a single day.

从那天开始 我们再没关门

Well sometimes we were suspended for a few hours,

有时候我们会稍微停工几个小时

but we never, we never closed it again.

但我们再也没有关过门

I met Mahmoud one year later.

一年之后 我又见到了麦哈麦得

He was in good shape --

他情况不错

a bit thinner.

瘦了一点

He needed to change his prostheses --

他需要更换

a new pair of prostheses.

一副新的义肢

I asked about his son.

我问起他儿子情况

He told me, "He's at school. He'd doing quite well."

他说：“他在上学。挺好的。”

But I understood he wanted to tell me something.

但我知道他有话跟我说

So I asked him, "What is that?"

所以我问他：“什么事？”

He was sweating.

他在冒汗

He was clearly embarrassed.

很明显 他感到不好意思

And he was standing in front of me,

他站在我面前

his head down.

低着头

He said, "You have taught me to walk.

他说：“你教我如何走路，

Thank you very much.

我很感激你。

Now help me not to be a beggar anymore."

现在请帮我 让我不用再乞讨。”

That was the job.

那就是他的工作

"My children are growing.

“我的孩子们在成长。

I feel ashamed.

我抬不起头。

I don't want them to be teased at school

我不希望他们在学校

by the other students."

被其他人欺负。”

I said, "Okay."

我说：“好的。”

I thought, how much money do I have in my pocket?

我想 我口袋里有多少钱？

Just to give him some money.

给他点钱就行了

It was the easiest way.

这是最简单的办法

He read my mind,

他知道我的心思

and he said, "I ask for a job."

然后他说：“我要的是一份工作。”

And then he added something

接着又说了一些

I will never forget for the rest of my life.

我毕生都无法忘怀的话

He said, "I am a scrap of a man,

他说：“我是个身体残缺的人，

but if you help me,

但如果你肯帮我，

I'm ready to do anything,

我什么活都能干，

even if I have to crawl on the ground."

就算是在地上爬，都可以。”

And then he sat down.

接着 他坐下了

I sat down too with goosebumps everywhere.

我也一身鸡皮疙瘩地坐了下来

Legless, with only one arm,

一个没有腿 只有一只手臂

illiterate,

不会识字

unskilled --

没有技能的人

what job for him?

给他什么工作呢？

Najmuddin told me, "Well we have a vacancy

纳吉木丁告诉我：“我们的木匠房

in the carpentry shop."

缺人手。”

"What?" I said, "Stop."

“什么？” 我说：“停。”

"Well yes, we need to increase the production of feet.

“是的，我们需要增产假腿。

We need to employ someone

需要招人来

to glue and to screw the sole of the feet.

把义肢的脚底粘合并组装起来

We need to increase the production."

我们需要增产。”

"Excuse me?"

“什么？”

I could not believe.

我不敢相信

And then he said,

然后他说：

"No, we can modify the workbench

“我们可以把工作椅调整一下，

maybe to put a special stool,

或许可以放一张特殊的凳子，

a special anvil, special vice,

使用特殊的铁砧和老虎钳

and maybe an electric screwdriver."

还有电动的螺丝刀。”

I said, "Listen, it's insane.

我说：“听着，这是乱弹琴。

And it's even cruel to think of anything like this.

这想法太残忍了。

That's a production line and a very fast one.

那条生产线非常快。

It's cruel

让他做这份工作

to offer him a job

太残忍了

knowing that he's going to fail."

明知道他干不来。”

But with Najmuddin, we cannot discuss.

但是我扭不过纳吉木丁

So the only things I could manage to obtain

我只能说服他

was a kind of a compromise.

做出一点让步

Only one week --

只给一个星期

one week try and not a single day more.

只能试一个星期 一天都不多给

One week later,

一个星期之后

Mahmoud was the fastest in the production line.

麦哈麦得成了生产线上最快的工人

I told Najmuddin, "That's a trick.

我对纳吉木丁说：“这是骗人的。

I can't believe it."

我不相信。”

The production was up 20 percent.

产量增长了20%

"It's a trick, it's a trick," I said.

“这是个骗局，骗局。” 我说

And then I asked for verification.

我要他们证明给我看

It was true.

这是千真万确的

The comment of Najmuddin was Mahmoud has something to prove.

纳吉木丁的意思是 麦哈麦得有需要证明的东西

I understood

我醒悟过来

that I was wrong again.

我又错了

Mahmoud had looked taller.

麦哈麦得显得高大了

I remember him sitting behind the workbench smiling.

我记得他当时坐在工作椅上 面带微笑

He was a new man,

他已经焕然一新

taller again.

重新站了起来

Of course, I understood

当然 我明白

that what made him stand tall --

让他站得笔直的

yeah they were the legs, thank you very much --

对 是要非常感谢他的双腿

but as a first step,

但首先

it was the dignity.

还是他的尊严

He has regained his full dignity

因为那份工作

thanks to that job.

他重拾了尊严

So of course, I understood.

所以 我明白了

And then we started a new policy --

接着 我们开始了一项新政策

a new policy completely different.

一项全新的政策

We decided to employ

我们决定

as many disabled as possible

招聘尽可能多的残疾人

to train them in any possible job.

训练他们从事任何工作

It became a policy of "positive discrimination,"

这成了一项“良性的歧视”政策

we call it now.

我们这样称呼它

And you know what?

你知道吗

It's good for everybody.

这对所有人都有利

Everybody benefits from that --

所有人都得到了好处

those employed, of course,

那些被聘用的人 就不用说了

because they get a job

他们得到了工作

and dignity.

和尊严

But also for the newcomers.

还有 那些新来的人

They are 7,000 every year --

每年有7000个

people coming for the first time.

新来的人

And you should see the faces of these people

你们真应该看看他们的表情

when they realize that those assisting them are like them.

当他们看到辅助自己的人竟然也和自己一样时 脸上有多惊奇

Sometimes you see them,

有时候

they look, "Oh."

他们像这样：“哇。”

And you see the faces.

然后他们露出惊奇的神色

And then the surprise turns into hope.

接着 这惊奇变成了希望

And it's easy for me as well to train someone

这也方便了我

who has already passed through the experience of disability.

对战胜了残疾的人进行培训

Poof, they learn much faster -- the motivation,

嗖 他们学得可快了 那动力

the empathy they can establish with the patient

那份用耐心建立起来的悟性

is completely different, completely.

完全不可思议

Scraps of men do not exist.

人无残人

People like Mahmoud

像麦哈麦得这样的人

are agents of change.

是变化的载体

And when you start changing, you cannot stop.

变化一旦开始 就一发不可收拾

So employing people, yes,

所以，是的，给他们工作是一方面

but also we started programming projects

但我们也开始提供

of microfinance, education.

小额贷款项目和教育

And when you start, you cannot stop.

一旦开始 就一发不可收拾了

So you do vocational training,

接着你开始职业培训

home education for those who cannot go to school.

为不能上学的人提供上门教育

Physical therapies can be done, not only in the orthopedic center,

理疗复健不仅能够在矫形中心进行

but also in the houses of the people.

还能在人们家里进行

There is always a better way to do things.

总能找到更好的做事方法

That's Najmuddin, the one with the white coat.

纳吉木丁 也就是穿白色外套的那个

Terrible Najmuddin, is that one.

天杀的纳吉木丁 就是那位

I have learned a lot

我从纳吉木丁

from people like Najmuddin, Mahmoud, Rafi.

麦哈麦得和拉菲这些人身上学到了很多东西

They are my teachers.

他们是我的老师

I have a wish, a big wish,

我有一个愿望 一个宏伟的愿望

that this way of working, this way of thinking,

就是这种工作 思维的方式

is going to be implemented in other countries.

能够有朝一日推广到其他国家

There are plenty of countries at war like Afghanistan.

世界上有很多国家像阿富汗一样正在打仗

It is possible and it is not difficult.

这是可能的 而且并不难做到

All we have to do

我们要做的

is to listen to the people

就是倾听

that we are supposed assist,

那些我们应该帮助的人们

to make them part

将他们融入

of the decision-making process

决策的过程中

and then, of course, to adapt.

然后 让他们学会适应

This is my big wish.

这就是我宏伟的愿望

Well don't think that the changes in Afghanistan are over;

别以为阿富汗的变化已经结束

not at all. We are going on.

远远没有 我们仍在继续

Recently we have just started a program,

我们最近才开始了一个项目

a sport program --

一个运动项目

basketball for wheelchair users.

轮椅篮球运动

We transport the wheelchairs everywhere.

我们把轮椅运送到各地

We have several teams in the main part of Afghanistan.

在阿富汗主要地区建立了几支球队

At the beginning,

一开始

when Anajulina told me,

当阿纳朱里纳告诉我

"We would like to start it,"

“我们想要开始这个项目。”

I hesitated.

我犹豫了

I said, "No," you can imagine.

我说：“不行。” 你们可以想象得到

I said, "No, no, no, no, we can't."

我说：“不不不，这么做不行。”

And then I asked the usual question:

接着 我又问了那个问题：

"Is it a priority?

“这是重中之重吗？

Is it really necessary?"

这真有必要吗？”

Well now you should see me.

现在你可以看到

I never miss a single training session.

我从来没有错过任何一次训练

The night before a match I'm very nervous.

比赛前一天 我非常紧张

And you should see me during the match.

你们应该看我比赛时的样子

I shout like a true Italian.

我像一个真正的意大利人那样狂吼

(Laughter)

（众人笑）

What's next? What is going to be the next change?

接下来呢 下一个变化是什么

Well I don't know yet,

我还不知道

but I'm sure Najmuddin and his friends,

但是我知道 纳吉木丁和他的同伙们

they have it already in mind.

已经盘算好了

That was my story. Thank you very much.

我的故事讲完了 非常感谢大家

(Applause)

（众人鼓掌）