Alberto Cairo: There are no scraps of men

譯者: Ana Choi 審譯者: Meg Lee

I've been in Afghanistan for 21 years.

我在阿富汗已經21年。

I work for the Red Cross

我為紅十字會工作，

and I'm a physical therapist.

我是一名物理治療師。

My job is to make arms and legs --

我的工作是製作胳膊和腿 --

well it's not completely true.

恩，這不完全是事實。

We do more than that.

我們做的還不止這些。

We provide the patients,

我們提供給患者，

the Afghan disabled,

阿富汗的殘疾人，

first with the physical rehabilitation

首先是身體康復,

then with the social reintegration.

然後重返社會。

It's a very logical plan,

這是一個非常合理的計劃，

but it was not always like this.

但它並不是總是這樣。

For many years, we were just providing them

多年來，我們只是給他們

with artificial limbs.

提供義肢。

It took quite many years

花了很多年的程序

for the program to become what it is now.

才讓這計劃成為現在的模樣。

Today, I would like to tell you a story,

今天，我想告訴你一個故事，

the story of a big change,

一個巨大轉變的故事，

and the story of the people

和那些讓這種變化

who made this change possible.

得以發生的人們。

I arrived in Afghanistan

我在1990年抵達

in 1990

阿富汗的醫院

to work in a hospital

為戰爭受害者

for war victims.

治療。

And then, not only for war victims,

然後，不僅為戰爭受害者，

but it was for any kind of patient.

而是任何類型的病人。

I was also working

我也有在我們稱為

in the orthopedic center, we call it.

復健中心的地方工作。

This is the place where we make the legs.

這是我們製造義腿的地方。

At that time

當時，

I found myself

我發現自己

in a strange situation.

處於一個奇怪的狀況。

I felt not quite ready

我覺得自己並沒有準備好

for that job.

要做這項工作。

There was so much to learn.

還有好多的需要學習。

There were so many things new to me.

有這麼多對我是新的事物。

But it was a terrific job.

但它是一項了不起的工作。

But as soon as the fighting intensified,

但只要戰爭加劇，

the physical rehabilitation was suspended.

身體復原進程便暫停。

There were many other things to do.

還有許多其他事情要做。

So the orthopedic center was closed

因此，復原中心便被關閉，

because physical rehabilitation

因為身體復原

was not considered a priority.

不被認為是最重要的。

It was a strange sensation.

這是一個奇怪的感覺。

Anyway, you know every time I make this speech --

無論如何，你知道每次我做這個演講 --

it's not the first time -- but it's an emotion.

這不是第一次 -- 但它的一種情感。

It's something that comes out from the past.

它是被過往觸發的東西。

It's 21 years,

經過21年，

but they are still all there.

但那些情緒仍然都在那裡。

Anyway, in 1992,

無論如何，在1992年，

the Mujahideen took all Afghanistan.

聖戰者接管了整個阿富汗。

And the orthopedic center was closed.

復健中心被關閉了。

I was assigned to work for the homeless,

我被分配為去照顧遊民，

for the internally displaced people.

為無家可歸者工作。

But one day, something happened.

但是有一天，有事情發生了。

I was coming back

我從一所

from a big food distribution in a mosque

境極其惡劣的清真寺內,

where tens and tens of people

給暫時安置的人群

were squatting in terrible conditions.

分配糧食回來了。

I wanted to go home. I was driving.

我想回家。我正在開車。

You know, when you want to forget,

你知道，當你想忘記，

you don't want to see things,

你不想看到事情，

so you just want to go to your room, to lock yourself inside

你只想走進你的房間，把自己鎖在裡面

and say, "That's enough."

說，「夠了。」

A bomb fell not far from my car --

一個炸彈從離我的車的不遠處砸下--

well, far enough, but big noise.

嗯, 雖然距離夠遠, 但聲響很大。

And everybody disappeared from the street.

每個人都從街頭消失。

The cars disappeared as well.

車全都消失。

I ducked.

我閃避了。

And only one figure

只有一個身影

remained in the middle of the road.

仍然在路中心。

It was a man in a wheelchair

這是一個坐在輪椅上的男人

desperately trying to move away.

極度努力試圖移開。

Well I'm not a particularly brave person,

我不是一個特別勇敢的人，

I have to confess it,

我得先承認，

but I could not just ignore him.

但我就是不能不理他。

So I stopped the car

所以我停下車

and I went to help.

去幫忙。

The man was without legs

該名男子沒有腿，

and only with one arm.

而且只有一隻手臂。

Behind him there was a child, his son,

在他的身後有一個孩子，他的兒子，

red in the face

面紅耳赤地

in an effort to push the father.

在努力推動父親。

So I took him into a safe place.

我帶他到一個安全的地方。

And I ask, "What are you doing out in the street

我問:「你為什麼在這種情況下

in this situation?"

還留在街上呢？」

"I work," he said.

「我的工作，」他說。

I wondered, what work?

我在想，什麼工作？

And then I ask an even more stupid question:

然後，我問一個更愚蠢的問題：

"Why don't you have the prostheses?

「為什麼你沒有義肢?

Why don't you have the artificial legs?"

為什麼你沒有義腿？」

And he said, "The Red Cross has closed."

他說:「紅十字會已關閉。」

Well without thinking, I told him

我想都沒有想，我告訴他：

"Come tomorrow.

「你明天來吧。

We will provide you with a pair of legs."

我們給你提供一雙腿。」

The man, his name was Mahmoud,

該名男子，他的名字是Mahmoud，

and the child, whose name was Rafi, left.

和他的兒子，Rafi, 離開了。

And then I said, "Oh, my God. What did I say?

然後我說：「噢，我的天。我說了什麼？

The center is closed,

該中心是關閉的，

no staff around.

沒有工作人員。

Maybe the machinery is broken.

說不定機器壞了。

Who is going to make the legs for him?"

誰來為他製造腿？」

So I hoped that he would not come.

所以，我希望他不會來。

This is the streets of Kabul

這是是喀布爾的街道

in those days.

當時的樣子。

So I said, "Well I will give him some money."

所以我說: 「好吧，我會給他一些錢。」

And so the following day,

到第二天，

I went to the orthopedic center.

我去了復健中心。

And I spoke with a gatekeeper.

我與看門人說，

I was ready to tell him,

我準備告訴他，

"Listen, if someone such-and-such comes tomorrow,

「聽著，如果明天有這麼樣一個人來訪，

please tell him that it was a mistake.

請告訴他，這是一個錯誤。

Nothing can be done.

沒有什麼是我們可以為他做的。

Give him some money."

給他一些錢吧。」

But Mahmoud and his son were already there.

但Mahmoud和他的兒子已經來到。

And they were not alone.

而他們並不是獨自來。

There were 15, maybe 20, people like him waiting.

有15個，也許20個，像他的人們在等著。

And there was some staff too.

並且有一些工作人員。

Among them there was my right-hand man,

其中有我的得力助手，

Najmuddin.

Najmuddin。

And the gatekeeper told me,

看門人告訴我，

"They come everyday to see if the center will open."

「他們每天都來看看中心是否會開放。」

I said, "No.

我說:「不。

We have to go away. We cannot stay here."

我們必須離開。我們不能呆在這裡。」

They were bombing -- not very close -- but you could hear the noise of the bombs.

外面在被轟炸 -- 雖然不是很近 -- 但你可以聽到炸彈的聲音。

So, "We cannot stay here, it's dangerous.

因此 「我們不能呆在這裡，這裡是危險的。

It's not a priority."

並不是緊急的事情。」

But Najmuddin told me, "Listen now, we're here."

但Najmuddin告訴我：「聽着，我們現在在這裡。

At least we can start repairing the prostheses, the broken prostheses of the people

至少我們可以開始修復義肢，他們斷掉的義肢，

and maybe try to do something

也許嘗試協助

for people like Mahmoud."

像Mahmoud的人。」

I said, "No, please. We cannot do that.

我說:「不，拜託。我們不能這樣做。

It's really dangerous.

這樣真得很危險。

We have other things to do."

我們有其他的事情要做。」

But they insisted.

但他們堅持，

When you have 20 people

當你有20個人在你面前，

in front of you, looking at you

看著你，

and you are the one who has to decide ...

而你是那個得做決定的人.....

So we started doing some repairs.

因此，我們開始做一些維修。

Also one of the physical therapists

其中一個物理治療師，

reported that Mahmoud

告訴我可以為Mahmoud

could be provided with a leg,

提供一條腿，

but not immediately.

但沒辦法馬上。

The legs were swollen

他的雙腿腫脹，

and the knees were stiff,

而且膝蓋僵硬,

so he needed a long preparation.

他需要一段長時間的準備。

Believe me, I was worried

相信我，我當時很擔心，

because I was breaking the rules.

因為我打破了規則。

I was doing something

我在做一些

that I was not supposed to do.

我不應該做的事。

In the evening,

那天晚上，

I went to speak with the bosses at the headquarters,

我去與總部的老闆們談話，

and I told them -- I lied --

我告訴他們 -- 我撒了謊 --

I told them, "Listen, we are going to start

我告訴他們:「聽著，我們將從

a couple of hours per day,

每天幾個小時開始，

just a few repairs."

進行一些少量的修復。」

Maybe some of them are here now.

現在也許他們其中的一些也坐在這裡。

(Laughter)

(笑聲)

So we started.

我們就這樣開始了。

I was working, I was going everyday

我當時還在工作，我每天得去為

to work for the homeless.

那些無家可歸的人工作。

And Najmuddin was staying there,

而Najmuddin留在復健中心那裡，

doing everything and reporting on the patients.

負責一切和報告病人的狀況。

He was telling me, "Patients are coming."

他會告訴我:「病人都來了。」

We knew that many more patients

我們知道有更多的患者

could not come, prevented by the fighting.

不能前來，因戰事阻止了他們。

But people were coming.

但人們仍是來了。

And Mahmoud was coming every day.

Mahmoud每一天都來。

And slowly, slowly

慢慢地，慢慢地,

week after week

一周後又一周後，

his legs were improving.

他雙腿的情況逐漸改善。

The stump or cast prosthesis was made,

殘端或義體做好了，

and he was starting

和他的身體

the real physical rehabilitation.

開始真正康復。

He was coming every day,

他每天來，

crossing the front line.

穿越前線。

A couple of times I crossed the front line

有幾次我穿過前線，在Mahmoud

in the very place where Mahmoud and his son were crossing.

和他的兒子走過的位置。

I tell you, it was something so sinister

我告訴你，它是如此險惡，

that I was astonished he could do it every day.

我對他每天能做到這一點感到很非常震驚。

But finally, the great day arrived.

終於，美好的一天來到了。

Mahmoud was going to be discharged

Mahmoud是要帶著他

with his new legs.

新的腿出院。

It was April, I remember,

這是4月，我記得,

a very beautiful day.

是一個天氣非常好的一天。

April in Kabul is beautiful,

4月的喀布爾是美麗的，

full of roses, full of flowers.

佈滿玫瑰，佈滿鮮花。

We could not possibly stay indoors,

我們實在不可能留在室內，

with all these sandbags at the windows.

當這些窗口前被放滿沙袋。

Very sad, dark.

很憂愁，黑暗。

So we chose a small spot in the garden.

所以我們在花園裡選擇了一個角落。

And Mahmoud put on his prostheses,

Mahmoud把他的義肢裝上，

the other patients did the same,

其他患者也做了同樣的事，

and they started practicing

他們開始進行出院前的

for the last time before being discharged.

最後一次練習。

Suddenly, they started fighting.

突然，又開始作戰。

Two groups of Mujahideen started fighting.

兩組聖戰者展開戰鬥。

We could hear in the air

我們可以在空中

the bullets passing.

聽到子彈經過。

So we dashed, all of us,

因此，我們所有人

towards the shelter.

緊急逃避往房內。

Mahmoud grabbed his son, I grabbed someone else.

Mahmoud一把抓住他的兒子，我抓住了別人。

Everybody was grabbing something.

每個人都抓住了什麼。

And we ran.

我們拔腿狂奔。

You know, 50 meters can be a long distance

你知道，如果你是完全暴露空曠的環境，

if you are totally exposed,

50公尺可以是一段很長的距離，

but we managed to reach the shelter.

但我們始終逃避到房內。

Inside, all of us panting,

進到屋內, 所有人在喘着氣，

I sat a moment and I heard Rafi telling his father,

我坐了一會兒，聽到Rafi告訴他的父親，

"Father, you can run faster than me."

「“父親，你可以比我跑得更快。」

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

And Mahmoud, "Of course I can.

Mahmoud道: 「我當然可以。

I can run, and now you can go to school.

我可以跑了，現在你可以去上學。

No need of staying with me all the day

不用整天待在我身旁

pushing my wheelchair."

推我的輪椅。」

Later on, we took them home.

後來，我們帶他們回家。

And I will never forget

而我永遠不會忘記

Mahmoud and his son walking together

Mahmoud和他的兒子走在一起,

pushing the empty wheelchair.

推着空的輪椅。

And then I understood,

然後，我明白了，

physical rehabilitation is a priority.

身體復原其實一個最重要的事項。

Dignity cannot wait for better times.

尊嚴不能等待更好的時候才開始。

From that day on, we never closed a single day.

從那天起，我們沒有一天關閉。

Well sometimes we were suspended for a few hours,

有時我們被迫暫停幾個小時，

but we never, we never closed it again.

但我們從來沒有，從來沒有再次關閉它。

I met Mahmoud one year later.

我一年後會見了Mahmoud。

He was in good shape --

他的狀態良好 --

a bit thinner.

消瘦了一點。

He needed to change his prostheses --

他需要更換他的義肢 --

a new pair of prostheses.

一雙新的義肢。

I asked about his son.

我問起他的兒子。

He told me, "He's at school. He'd doing quite well."

他告訴我:「他在學校，念得不錯。」

But I understood he wanted to tell me something.

但我知道他想告訴我一些東西。

So I asked him, "What is that?"

於是我問他：「怎麼了？」

He was sweating.

他大汗淋漓。

He was clearly embarrassed.

他顯然非常尷尬。

And he was standing in front of me,

他站在我面前，

his head down.

低著頭。

He said, "You have taught me to walk.

他說，「你教我走路，

Thank you very much.

非常感謝你。

Now help me not to be a beggar anymore."

現在請幫助我變成不是一個乞丐。」

That was the job.

這就是要委託給我的工作。

"My children are growing.

「我的孩子們在成長，

I feel ashamed.

我覺得丟臉。

I don't want them to be teased at school

我不希望他們在學校

by the other students."

被其他同學取笑。」

I said, "Okay."

我說：「好吧。」

I thought, how much money do I have in my pocket?

我在想，在我的口袋裡究竟多少錢呢？

Just to give him some money.

只要給他一些錢。

It was the easiest way.

這是最簡單的方法。

He read my mind,

他意會了我所想的，

and he said, "I ask for a job."

他說:「我是想要一份工作。」

And then he added something

然後他補充說了一些

I will never forget for the rest of my life.

我這輩子都不會忘記的話。

He said, "I am a scrap of a man,

他說:「我這個人是一塊廢料，

but if you help me,

但如果你幫我，

I'm ready to do anything,

我願意做任何事情，

even if I have to crawl on the ground."

即使我得要在地面上爬。」

And then he sat down.

然後，他坐下來。

I sat down too with goosebumps everywhere.

我也坐了下來，全身起了雞皮疙瘩。

Legless, with only one arm,

沒有腿，只有一隻手臂，

illiterate,

文盲，

unskilled --

沒有熟練技術 --

what job for him?

他可以做什麼呢？

Najmuddin told me, "Well we have a vacancy

Najmuddin告訴我:「我們有一個

in the carpentry shop."

木工的空缺。」

"What?" I said, "Stop."

「什麼？」我說:「等等 。」

"Well yes, we need to increase the production of feet.

「嗯，是的，我們需要增加義腳的生產，

We need to employ someone

我們需要聘請人

to glue and to screw the sole of the feet.

為腳底塗膠水和上螺絲。

We need to increase the production."

我們需要增加生產。」

"Excuse me?"

「什麼？」

I could not believe.

我簡直不敢相信。

And then he said,

然後他說:

"No, we can modify the workbench

「沒問題，我們可以修改工作台，

maybe to put a special stool,

也許放一張特殊的凳子，

a special anvil, special vice,

一個特殊的砧，特殊的副，

and maybe an electric screwdriver."

也許一個電動螺絲刀。」

I said, "Listen, it's insane.

我說:「聽著，這太瘋狂。

And it's even cruel to think of anything like this.

這個點子連用想的都太殘酷了。

That's a production line and a very fast one.

這是一條非常快生產線。

It's cruel

給他一份，

to offer him a job

明知他註定要失敗的工作

knowing that he's going to fail."

是殘酷的。」

But with Najmuddin, we cannot discuss.

但面對Najmuddin，沒有討論的空間。

So the only things I could manage to obtain

所以我唯一爭取到的

was a kind of a compromise.

是一種妥協。

Only one week --

只是一個星期 --

one week try and not a single day more.

一個星期試用， 一天也不能更多。

One week later,

一個星期後，

Mahmoud was the fastest in the production line.

Mahmoud是在生產線上最快的。

I told Najmuddin, "That's a trick.

我對Najmuddin說: 「這肯定做了什麼手腳，

I can't believe it."

我不能相信。」

The production was up 20 percent.

生產增長了20％。

"It's a trick, it's a trick," I said.

「肯定是騙術，是騙術，」我說。

And then I asked for verification.

然後我核查。

It was true.

是真的。

The comment of Najmuddin was Mahmoud has something to prove.

Najmuddin說這是因為Mahmoud想要證明些甚麼。

I understood

我明白

that I was wrong again.

我又再次的錯了。

Mahmoud had looked taller.

Mahmoud像是長高了。

I remember him sitting behind the workbench smiling.

我記得他坐在工作抬後微笑着。

He was a new man,

他是一個新的人，

taller again.

再次挺身。

Of course, I understood

當然，我明白

that what made him stand tall --

是什麼讓他挺起胸膛 --

yeah they were the legs, thank you very much --

是他的腿，非常感謝你 --

but as a first step,

但作為第一步，

it was the dignity.

是尊嚴。

He has regained his full dignity

因為這項工作, 他已經恢復了

thanks to that job.

他全部的尊嚴。

So of course, I understood.

我當然了解。

And then we started a new policy --

所以接著，我們開始了新的政策 --

a new policy completely different.

一個完全不同的新政策。

We decided to employ

我們決定盡可能

as many disabled as possible

雇用更多殘疾的人，

to train them in any possible job.

訓練他們做任何有可能的工作。

It became a policy of "positive discrimination,"

現在我們把它稱為

we call it now.

一個「積極的歧視政策」 。

And you know what?

你知道嗎？

It's good for everybody.

這是對所有人都有好處。

Everybody benefits from that --

每個人都有所受益--

those employed, of course,

當然, 包括那些被僱用的人,

because they get a job

因為他們找到一份工作

and dignity.

和尊嚴。

But also for the newcomers.

但對新加入的病人也是。

They are 7,000 every year --

每年有7000 --

people coming for the first time.

人首次到來中心。

And you should see the faces of these people

你要看看這些人的面孔，

when they realize that those assisting them are like them.

當他們看到，協助他們的人是像他們一樣。

Sometimes you see them,

有時你看到他們，

they look, "Oh."

他們的樣子是，「啊。」

And you see the faces.

你着看他們的表情。

And then the surprise turns into hope.

然後驚喜變成希望。

And it's easy for me as well to train someone

而對我來說，要培訓已經經過

who has already passed through the experience of disability.

殘疾經驗的人是很容易的。

Poof, they learn much faster -- the motivation,

噗，他們學得更快 -- 他們的動機，

the empathy they can establish with the patient

他們可以與病人建立的換位思考

is completely different, completely.

是完全不同的，完全不同。

Scraps of men do not exist.

人不再是一塊廢料。

People like Mahmoud

像Mahmoud這樣的人

are agents of change.

是改革的推動者。

And when you start changing, you cannot stop.

當你開始改變，你便不能停止。

So employing people, yes,

所以聘用人，是的，

but also we started programming projects

但我們也開始編程小額信貸，

of microfinance, education.

教育。

And when you start, you cannot stop.

而當你開始，你便不能停止。

So you do vocational training,

所以，你便開始職業培訓,

home education for those who cannot go to school.

對於那些不能上學，提供家庭教育。

Physical therapies can be done, not only in the orthopedic center,

物理治療不僅在骨科中心可以做，

but also in the houses of the people.

在家裡也可以。

There is always a better way to do things.

什麼事情，總可以找到一種更好的方式來做。

That's Najmuddin, the one with the white coat.

這是 Najmuddin，穿白衣的那個。

Terrible Najmuddin, is that one.

可怕的Najmuddin，便是那個。

I have learned a lot

我從像Najmuddin,

from people like Najmuddin, Mahmoud, Rafi.

Mahmoud, Rafi的人身上學到了很多。

They are my teachers.

他們是我的老師。

I have a wish, a big wish,

我有一個願望，一個很大的願望，

that this way of working, this way of thinking,

這種工作方式，這種思維方式，

is going to be implemented in other countries.

可以在其他國家實施。

There are plenty of countries at war like Afghanistan.

有很多如阿富汗在戰爭的國家。

It is possible and it is not difficult.

它是可能的，而且並不困難。

All we have to do

我們所要做的是

is to listen to the people

聽着我們應該

that we are supposed assist,

協助的人，

to make them part

使得他們成為

of the decision-making process

決策過程中的一部分，

and then, of course, to adapt.

然後，當然，去適應。

This is my big wish.

這是我最大的願望。

Well don't think that the changes in Afghanistan are over;

不要認為，在阿富汗的變化已經完結;

not at all. We are going on.

一點都不是。我們還在繼續。

Recently we have just started a program,

最近，我們剛開始一個項目，

a sport program --

一個體育項目 --

basketball for wheelchair users.

讓輪椅使用者打的籃球。

We transport the wheelchairs everywhere.

我們將輪椅到處運送。

We have several teams in the main part of Afghanistan.

在阿富汗主要部分我們有幾支球隊。

At the beginning,

在開始的時候，

when Anajulina told me,

當 Anajulina告訴我，說：

"We would like to start it,"

「我們想開始這個計畫」,

I hesitated.

我猶豫了一下。

I said, "No," you can imagine.

我說：「不 」, 你可以想像得到。

I said, "No, no, no, no, we can't."

我說：「不，不，不，不，我們不能。」

And then I asked the usual question:

然後我問我照例的問題：

"Is it a priority?

「它是一個優先事項嗎?

Is it really necessary?"

是真的有必要嗎？」

Well now you should see me.

現在你應該看看我。

I never miss a single training session.

我不會錯過任何一個培訓集會。

The night before a match I'm very nervous.

在比賽前的夜晚我會很緊張。

And you should see me during the match.

你應看看我在看比賽中的樣子。

I shout like a true Italian.

我喊得像一個真正的意大利人。

(Laughter)

(笑聲)

What's next? What is going to be the next change?

下一步是什麼呢？未來的變化將是什麼？

Well I don't know yet,

嗯，我還不知道，

but I'm sure Najmuddin and his friends,

但我敢肯定，Najmuddin和他的朋友，

they have it already in mind.

的心中已經構想好了。

That was my story. Thank you very much.

那是我的故事。非常感謝你們。

(Applause)

(掌聲)