Robert Swan: Let's save the last pristine continent

Prevodilac: Tereza Ivanovic Lektor: Ivana Korom

Let's go south.

Hajdemo na jug.

All of you are actually going south.

Svi zapravo idete na jug.

This is the direction of south, this way,

Ovamo je pravac za jug

and if you go 8,000 kilometers out of the back of this room,

i ako produžite 8 000 kilometara od stražnjeg dela ove prostorije

you will come to as far south as you can go anywhere on Earth,

stići ćete najjužnije što možete na Zemlji,

the Pole itself.

do samog Južnog pola.

Now, I am not an explorer.

Nisam istraživač.

I'm not an environmentalist.

Nisam ekolog.

I'm actually just a survivor,

Ja sam samo jedan avanturista,

and these photographs that I'm showing you here are dangerous.

a fotografije koje vam pokazujem su veoma opasne.

They are the ice melt of the South and North Poles.

One prikazuju topljenje leda na Južnom i Severnom polu.

And ladies and gentlemen,

Dame i gospodo,

we need to listen to what these places are telling us,

moramo poslušati šta nam ova mesta govore,

and if we don't, we will end up with our own survival situation

inače nećemo opstati ovde

na planeti Zemlji.

here on planet Earth.

I have faced head-on these places,

Suočio sam se sa ovim mestima direktno

and to walk across a melting ocean of ice

i hodanje preko ledenog okeana koji se topi

is without doubt the most frightening thing

je bez sumnje nešto najstrašnije

that's ever happened to me.

što mi se ikada desilo.

Antarctica is such a hopeful place.

Antarktik je mesto puno nade.

It is protected by the Antarctic Treaty, signed in 1959.

Zaštićen je Sporazumom o Antarktiku, potpisanim 1959.

In 1991, a 50-year agreement was entered into

1991. ovaj pedesetogodišnji sporazum je prilagođen

that stops any exploitation in Antarctica,

i zaustavljena je eksploatacija na Antarktiku,

and this agreement could be altered,

ali ovaj sporazum može biti izmenjen,

changed, modified, or even abandoned

modifikovan, čak i poništen

starting in the year 2041.

početkom 2041. godine.

Ladies and gentlemen,

Dame i gospodo,

people already far up north from here in the Arctic

ljudi na dalekom severu, na Arktiku,

are already taking advantage

već koriste pogodnosti koje donosi

of this ice melt,

otapanje leda,

taking out resources from areas already that have been covered in ice

eksploatišu područja koja su bila prekrivena ledom

for the last 10, 20, 30,000,

u zadnjih 10, 20, 30 000

100,000 years.

100 000 godina.

Can they not join the dots

Zar ne mogu da slože zagonetku

and think, "Why is the ice actually melting?"

i da se zapitaju zašto se topi led?

This is such an amazing place,

Antarktik je neverovatno mesto,

the Antarctic, and I have worked hard

i naporno radim

for the last 23 years on this mission

već 23 godine na misiji

to make sure that what's happening up here in the North

da se uverim da se ono šta se ovde na Severu dešava

does never happen, cannot happen in the South.

nikad ne desi, ne može da se desi na Jugu.

Where did this all begin?

Gde je sve ovo počelo?

It began for me at the age of 11.

Za mene onda, kada sam imao 11 godina.

Check out that haircut. It's a bit odd. (Laughter)

Vidite ovu frizuru. Malo je staromodna. (Smeh)

And at the age of 11, I was inspired by the real explorers

Sa 11 godina su me inspirisali stvarni istraživači

to want to try to be the first to walk to both Poles.

u želji da pokušam da prvi prepešačim do Severnog i Južnog pola.

I found it incredibly inspiring

Bila je neverovatno inspirativna ideja

that the idea of becoming a polar traveler

da postanem polarni putnik,

went down pretty well with girls at parties when I was at university.

a dobro je prolazila i kod devojaka na žurkama, dok sam bio na fakultetu.

That was a bit more inspiring.

To je bilo još inspirativnije.

And after years, seven years of fundraising,

I posle godina, sedam godina prikupljanja sredstava,

seven years of being told no,

sedam godina odvraćanja od ideje,

seven years of being told by my family to seek counseling

roditelji su mi sedam godina govorili da potražim savet

and psychiatric help,

i psihijatrijsku pomoć,

eventually three of us found ourselves marching to the South Geographic Pole

konačno smo nas trojica marširali na Južni geografski pol,

on the longest unassisted march ever made anywhere on Earth in history.

na najduži samostalni marš ikada u istorij Zemlje.

In this photograph, we are standing in an area

Na ovoj fotografiji stojimo na teritoriji

the size of the United States of America,

veličine Sjedinjenih Američkih Država,

and we're on our own.

potpuno sami.

We have no radio communications, no backup.

Nemamo ni radio vezu ni podršku.

Beneath our feet, 90 percent of all the world's ice,

Ispod naših stopa se nalazi 90 posto ledenih površina sveta,

70 percent of all the world's fresh water.

70 posto svetske vode za piće.

We're standing on it.

Stojimo na njoj.

This is the power of Antarctica.

Ovo je moć Antarktika.

On this journey, we faced the danger of crevasses,

Na ovom putu smo se suočili sa opasnošću od pukotina,

intense cold,

sa žestokom hladnoćom,

so cold that sweat turns to ice inside your clothing,

tolikom, da nam se znoj unutar odeće pretvarao u led,

your teeth can crack,

mogli su pući zubi,

water can freeze in your eyes.

voda se mogla zalediti u očima.

Let's just say it's a bit chilly. (Laughter)

Recimo, bilo je malo hladno. (Smeh)

And after 70 desperate days, we arrive at the South Pole.

Posle 70 očajnih dana stigli smo na Južni pol.

We had done it.

Uspeli smo.

But something happened to me on that 70-day journey in 1986

Ali nešto mi se desilo na tom 70-todnevnom putu 1986.

that brought me here, and it hurt.

što me je dovelo dovde, i bolelo je.

My eyes changed color in 70 days through damage.

Moje oči su promenile boju tokom 70 dana izloženosti oštećenjima.

Our faces blistered out.

Lica su nam bila u plikovima.

The skin ripped off and we wondered why.

Otkidala nam se koža, a nismo znali zašto.

And when we got home, we were told by NASA

Kad smo stigli kući saznali smo od NASE

that a hole in the ozone had been discovered

da je otkrivena ozonska rupa

above the South Pole,

nad Južnim polom,

and we'd walked underneath it the same year it had been discovered.

a mi smo prolazili ispod nje iste godine.

Ultraviolet rays down, hit the ice, bounced back, fried out the eyes,

UV zraci su se odbijali od leda, spržili nam oči,

ripped off our faces.

otkidali lica.

It was a bit of a shock -- (Laughter) --

Bio je to mali šok - (Smeh) -

and it started me thinking.

koji me je naterao na razmišljanje.

In 1989, we now head north.

1989. krenuli smo na Sever.

Sixty days, every step away from the safety of land

60 dana, svakim korakom smo se udaljavali od bezbednog kopna,

across a frozen ocean.

preko ledenog okeana.

It was desperately cold again.

Bilo je opet očajnički hladno.

Here's me coming in from washing naked at -60 Celsius.

Evo mene golog, posle kupanja na minus 60 stepeni.

And if anybody ever says to you, "I am cold" -- (Laughter) --

Ako vam neko kaže da mu je hladno, (Smeh)

if they look like this, they are cold, definitely.

a pritom izgleda ovako, verujte mu.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

And 1,000 kilometers away from the safety of land,

Hiljadu kilometara daleko od kopna

disaster strikes.

počinje katastrofa.

The Arctic Ocean melts beneath our feet four months before it ever had in history,

Četiri meseca pre našeg dolaska počinje da se topi Severni ledeni okean,

and we're 1,000 kilometers from safety.

a mi smo udaljeni 1000 km od bezbedne zone.

The ice is crashing around us, grinding, and I'm thinking, "Are we going to die?"

Led puca oko nas, i ja pomislim: "Hoćemo li umreti?"

But something clicked in my head on this day,

Ali tada mi je nešto kvrcnulo u glavi,

as I realized we, as a world, are in a survival situation,

i shvatio sam da smo mi, kao svet, u situaciji preživljavanja,

and that feeling has never gone away for 25 long years.

i taj osećaj me ne napušta već 25 godina.

Back then, we had to march or die.

Tada smo morali da nastavimo dalje ili da umremo.

And we're not some TV survivor program.

A nismo bili u TV rijalitiju o preživljavanju.

When things go wrong for us, it's life or death,

Kad nešto krene loše, pitanje je života ili smrti,

and our brave African-American Daryl,

i našem hrabrom Afro-Amerikancu, Derilu.

who would become the first American to walk to the North Pole,

prvom Amerikancu koji je prepešačio do Severnog pola,

his heel dropped off from frostbite 200 klicks out.

na 200 km od Pola otpala je peta od posledice smrzavanja.

He must keep going, he does,

Morao je da nastavi i nastavio je.

and after 60 days on the ice, we stood at the North Pole.

Nakon 60 dana bili smo na Severnom polu.

We had done it.

Uspeli smo.

Yes, I became the first person in history stupid enough to walk to both Poles,

Postao sam prvi čovek u istoriji koji je bio dovoljno glup da pešači do oba Pola,

but it was our success.

ali bio je to naš uspeh.

And sadly, on return home,

Na žalost, po povratku kući

it was not all fun.

uopšte nije bilo zabavno.

I became very low.

Bio sam utučen.

To succeed at something is often harder than actually making it happen.

Uspeti u nečemu je često teže nego samo ostvarivanje uspeha.

I was empty, lonely, financially destroyed.

Osećao sam se prazno, usamljeno i bio sam finansijski propao.

I was without hope,

Izgubio sam nadu,

but hope came in the form of the great Jacques Cousteau,

ali se ona pojavila u obliku velikog Žaka Kustoa.

and he inspired me to take on the 2041 mission.

On me je inspirisao da se prihvatim Misije 2041.

Being Jacques, he gave me clear instructions:

Žak mi je dao jasna uputstva:

Engage the world leaders, talk to industry and business,

da angažujem svetske lidere, industrijske delatnosti i biznis,

and above all, Rob, inspire young people,

a iznad svega da inspirišem mlade,

because they will choose the future of the preservation of Antarctica.

jer će oni odlučivati o budućnosti zaštite Antarktika.

For the world leaders, we've been to every world Earth Summit,

Bili smo na sva tri svetska Samita planete Zemlje

all three of them, with our brave yacht, 2041,

našom jahtom, "2041",

twice to Rio, once in '92, once in 2012,

dva puta u Riju, 1992. i 2012,

and for the Earth Summit in Johannesburg,

a na Samit u Johanesburgu,

we made the longest overland voyage ever made with a yacht,

ostvarili smo najduže putovanje jahtom, na kopnu,

13,000 kilometers around the whole of Southern Africa

13 000 kilometara oko cele Južne Afrike,

doing our best to inspire over a million young people in person

čineći sve da inspirišemo više od milion mladih ljudi

about 2041 and about their environment.

za Misiju 2041 i za očuvanje okoline.

For the last 11 years, we have taken over 1,000 people,

U poslednjih 11 godina poveli smo na Antarktik više od 1 000 ljudi

people from industry and business, women and men from companies,

iz sveta industrije i biznisa, žene i muškarce iz kompanija,

students from all over the world, down to Antarctica,

studente iz čitavog sveta,

and during those missions, we've managed to pull out

i tokom tih misija izvadili smo

over 1,500 tons of twisted metal left in Antarctica.

preko 1 500 tona otpadnog gvožđa.

That took eight years, and I'm so proud of it

Sve to je potrajalo osam godina i ponosan sam

because we recycled all of it back here in South America.

što smo sve to reciklirali ovde u Južnoj Americi.

I have been inspired ever since I could walk

Od malena me je mama inspirisala

to recycle by my mum.

za reciklažu.

Here she is, and my mum --

Evo moje mame.

(Applause) --

(Aplauz)

my mum is still recycling,

Ona još uvek reciklira

and as she is in her 100th year, isn't that fantastic?

iako je ušla u svoju stotu godinu, zar to nije divno?

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

And when -- I love my mum.

Volim svoju mamu.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

But when Mum was born,

Kad se mama rodila, bilo je

the population of our planet was only 1.8 billion people,

1,8 milijardi ljudi na svetu.

and talking in terms of billions,

Kad već govorimo u milijardama,

we have taken young people from industry and business

poveli smo mlade ljude iz industrije i biznisa

from India, from China.

iz Indije, iz Kine.

These are game-changing nations, and will be hugely important

To su nacije koje će igrati veliku ulogu

in the decision about the preservation of the Antarctic.

u odlukama za očuvanje Antarktika.

Unbelievably, we've engaged and inspired women to come from the Middle East,

Podsticali smo žene sa Srednjeg istoka da se pridruže,

often for the first time they've represented their nations in Antarctica.

često su bile prve predstavnice svojih naroda na Antarktiku.

Fantastic people, so inspired.

To su izvanredni, nadahnuti ljudi.

To look after Antarctica,

Da bi brinuli o Antarktiku

you've got to first engage people with this extraordinary place,

oni se prvo moraju povezati sa ovim divnim mestom,

form a relationship, form a bond,

da se združe, povežu,

form some love.

da izgrade neku vrstu ljubavi.

It is such a privilege to go to Antarctica,

Otići na Antarktik je privilegija.

I can't tell you.

Ne mogu da vam izrazim

I feel so lucky,

koliko sam srećan.

and I've been 35 times in my life,

Bio sam tamo 35 puta

and all those people who come with us return home as great champions,

i svi koji su bili sa nama vratili su se kući kao šampioni,

not only for Antarctica,

ne samo Antarktika,

but for local issues back in their own nations.

već i na lokalu, među svojim sunarodnicima.

Let's go back to where we began: the ice melt of the North and South Poles.

Da se vratim na početak: led se topi na Severnom i Južnom polu.

And it's not good news.

A to je loša vest.

NASA informed us six months ago

Pre šest meseci smo dobili informaciju od NASE

that the Western Antarctic Ice Shelf is now disintegrating.

de se Zapadni ledeni greben Antarktika raspada.

Huge areas of ice --

Ogromna prostranstva leda,

look how big Antarctica is even compared to here --

vidite koliko je Antarktik velik kad uporedimo sa ovim.

Huge areas of ice are breaking off from Antarctica,

Ogromna ledena područja se lome sa Antarktika,

the size of small nations.

veličine neke manje države.

And NASA have calculated that the sea level will rise,

NASA je izračunala da će se nivo mora

it is definite,

definitivno podići

by one meter in the next 100 years,

tokom sledećih 100 godina za jedan metar,

the same time that my mum has been on planet Earth.

a to je koliko i životni vek moje mame.

It's going to happen,

To će se sigurno desiti

and I've realized that the preservation of Antarctica

i shvatio sam da su očuvanje Antarktika

and our survival here on Earth are linked.

i naš opstanak na Zemlji povezani.

And there is a very simple solution.

Postoji jedno vrlo jednostavno rešenje.

If we are using more renewable energy in the real world,

Kada bismo više koristili obnovljivu energiju,

if we are being more efficient with the energy here,

kada bismo bili efikasniji sa energijom,

running our energy mix in a cleaner way,

kada bismo različitu energiju koristili na čistiji način,

there will be no financial reason to go and exploit Antarctica.

onda ne bi postojala potreba za eksploatisanjem Antarktika.

It won't make financial sense,

Ne bi imalo ekonomskog smisla,

and if we manage our energy better, we also may be able to slow down,

i kada bismo bolje raspolagali energijom možda bismo mogli da usporimo,

maybe even stop,

a možda čak i zaustavimo

this great ice melt that threatens us.

ovo veliko, preteće otopljavanje leda.

It's a big challenge, and what is our response to it?

Ovo je veliki izazov, a imamo li odgovor?

We've got to go back one last time,

Moramo ponovo da odemo tamo.

and at the end of next year,

Krajem sledeće godine

we will go back to the South Geographic Pole,

vratićemo se na Južni pol,

where we arrived 30 years ago on foot,

gde smo bili pre trideset godina, peške,

and retrace our steps of 1,600 kilometers,

i da se vratimo istim putem, 1600 km,

but this time only using renewable energy to survive.

ali ovog puta koristeći samo obnovljivu energiju.

We will walk across those icecaps, which far down below are melting,

Prelazićemo preko ledenih bregova koji se odozdo tope,

hopefully inspiring some solutions on that issue.

i nadam se da ćemo podstaći neka rešenja.

This is my son, Barney.

Ovo je moj sin Barni.

He is coming with me.

Ići će sa mnom.

He is committed to walking side by side with his father,

Obavezao se da hoda uz oca

and what he will do is to translate these messages

i time će preneti poruku

and inspire these messages to the minds of future young leaders.

i inspirisati neke buduće mlade lidere.

I'm extremely proud of him.

Izuzetno sam ponosan na njega.

Good on him, Barney.

Svaka ti čast Barni.

Ladies and gentlemen, a survivor -- and I'm good --

Dame i gospodo, ja sam dobar u preživljavanju

a survivor sees a problem and doesn't go, "Whatever."

kada uočim problem, ne kažem: "Pa šta."

A survivor sees a problem and deals with that problem

Onaj koji preživljava vidi problem i bavi se njim

before it becomes a threat.

pre nego što problem postane pretnja.

We have 27 years to preserve the Antarctic.

Imamo 27 godina da zaštitimo Antarktik.

We all own it.

On pripada svima nama.

We all have responsibility.

Svi smo za njega odgovorni.

The fact that nobody owns it maybe means that we can succeed.

Činjenica da ga niko ne poseduje možda znači da ćemo uspeti.

Antarctica is a moral line in the snow,

Antarktik je granica morala,

and on one side of that line we should fight,

i sa ove strane granice nam predstoji borba,

fight hard for this one beautiful, pristine place left alone on Earth.

teška borba za ovo divno, netaknuto mesto na Zemlji.

I know it's possible.

Znam da je to moguće.

We are going to do it.

Uspećemo.

And I'll leave you with these words from Goethe.

Napuštam vas rečima Getea.

I've tried to live by them.

Trudio sam se da živim u skladu sa njima:

"If you can do, or dream you can,

"Šta god možeš da uradiš, ili sanjaš da možeš,

begin it now,

započni.

for boldness has genius, power and magic in it."

U smelosti ima genijalnosti, moći i magije."

Good luck to you all.

Srećno svima.

Thank you very much.

Hvala vam.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)