How Pakistani women are taking the internet back | Nighat Dad

41,806 views ・ 2018-06-07

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: 연진 μ†Œ κ²€ν† : Young You
00:13
Imagine waking up to a stranger --
0
13122
2541
μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μ˜¨λΌμΈμ— 글을 μž‘μ„±ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ
00:15
sometimes multiple strangers --
1
15687
2446
κ°‘μžκΈ° λ‚―μ„  μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚œλ‹€κ³  상상해 λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
00:18
questioning your right to existence
2
18939
2838
λ•Œλ•Œλ‘œ 맀우 λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚˜
00:21
for something that you wrote online,
3
21801
2320
μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ—κ²Œ 글을 μ“Έ 자격이 μžˆλŠ”μ§€ λ¬»μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:25
waking up to an angry message,
4
25480
3321
그리고 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ κ·Έ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ μ„±λ‚œ μ•…ν”Œμ„ λ°›μœΌλ©°
00:28
scared and worried for your safety.
5
28825
2187
겁에 질렀 신상 κ±±μ •κΉŒμ§€ ν•˜κ²Œ 되죠.
00:31
Welcome to the world of cyberharassment.
6
31975
2683
사이버폭λ ₯의 세계에 μ˜€μ‹  것을 ν™˜μ˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:35
The kind of harassment that women face in Pakistan is very serious
7
35344
3931
νŒŒν‚€μŠ€νƒ„ 여성듀이 λ§ˆμ£Όν•˜λŠ” 이런 폭λ ₯은 맀우 μ‹¬κ°ν•œ μˆ˜μ€€μ΄λ©°
00:39
and leads to sometimes deadly outcomes.
8
39299
3028
μ’…μ’… 치λͺ…적인 κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό κ°€μ Έμ˜€κΈ°λ„ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:43
This kind of harassment keeps women from accessing the internet --
9
43066
3324
이런 폭λ ₯은 여성듀이 인터넷에 μ ‘κ·Όν•˜λŠ” 것을 λ§‰μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:46
essentially, knowledge.
10
46414
1777
κ·Όλ³Έμ μœΌλ‘œλŠ” 지식에 말이죠.
00:48
It's a form of oppression.
11
48926
2291
이것은 μ–΅μ••μ˜ ν•œ ν˜•νƒœμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:52
Pakistan is the sixth most populous country in the world,
12
52819
3689
νŒŒν‚€μŠ€νƒ„μ€ μ„Έκ³„μ—μ„œ μ—¬μ„― 번째둜 인ꡬ가 λ§Žμ€ λ‚˜λΌμ΄λ©°
00:56
with 140 million people having access to mobile technologies,
13
56532
3824
1μ–΅4천만 λͺ…μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ νœ΄λŒ€ν°μ„ μ΄μš©ν•˜κ³  있으며
01:00
and 15 percent internet penetration.
14
60380
3590
인터넷 보급λ₯ μ€ 15%에 λ‹¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:05
And this number doesn't seem to go down with the rise of new technologies.
15
65256
4223
μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 기술이 λ°œμ „ν•¨μ— 따라 이 μˆ«μžλŠ” κ²°μ½” 쀄지 μ•Šμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:10
Pakistan is also the birthplace of the youngest Nobel Peace Prize winner,
16
70270
5289
λ˜ν•œ νŒŒν‚€μŠ€νƒ„μ€ μ΅œμ—°μ†Œ 노벨 평화상 μˆ˜μƒμžμΈ
λ§λž„λΌ μœ μ‚¬ν”„μžμ΄μ˜ μΆœμƒμ§€μ΄κΈ°λ„ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:15
Malala Yousafzai.
17
75583
1359
01:18
But that's just one aspect of Pakistan.
18
78438
2583
κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 이것듀은 νŒŒν‚€μŠ€νƒ„μ˜ 였직 ν•œ 면일 뿐이죠.
01:21
Another aspect is where the twisted concept of honor
19
81961
4163
λ‹€λ₯Έ κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ 보면 잘λͺ»λœ λͺ…μ˜ˆμ˜ κ°œλ…μ΄
01:26
is linked to women and their bodies;
20
86148
2892
μ—¬μ„±λ“€μ˜ 신체에 ꡴레λ₯Ό μ”Œμš°κ³  μžˆλŠ” 곳이기도 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:29
where men are allowed to disrespect women
21
89924
3235
남성듀은 여성듀을 쑴쀑할 ν•„μš”κ°€ μ—†μœΌλ©°
01:33
and even kill them sometimes
22
93183
1817
심지어 "κ°€μ‘± λͺ…μ˜ˆ"λΌλŠ” κ΅¬μ‹€λ‘œ
01:35
in the name of so-called "family honor";
23
95024
2629
여성듀을 죽이기도 ν•˜λŠ” 곳이며
01:38
where women are left to die right outside their houses
24
98522
4549
λ‹€λ₯Έ 남성과 νœ΄λŒ€ν° 톡화λ₯Ό ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€λŠ” 이유만으둜
"κ°€μ‘± λͺ…μ˜ˆ"λ₯Ό λ‚΄μ„Έμš°λ©°
01:43
for speaking to a man on a mobile phone,
25
103095
2588
여성듀을 λ‚΄μ«“μ•„ 집 λ°–μ—μ„œ 죽게 내버렀 λ‘λŠ” κ³³μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:45
in the name of "family honor."
26
105707
1870
01:48
Let me say this very clearly:
27
108158
1771
μ €λŠ” ν™•μ‹€νžˆ λ§ν•˜κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:50
it's not honor;
28
110681
1465
이것은 λͺ…μ˜ˆκ°€ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:52
it's a cold-blooded murder.
29
112170
2356
이것은 λƒ‰ν˜Ήν•œ μ‚΄μΈμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:57
I come from a very small village in Punjab, Pakistan,
30
117551
4151
제 κ³ ν–₯은 νŒŒν‚€μŠ€νƒ„μ˜ 맀우 μž‘μ€ λ§ˆμ„μΈ νŽ€μžλΈŒμ΄λ©°
02:01
where women are not allowed to pursue their higher education.
31
121726
4874
μ΄κ³³μ—μ„œλŠ” 여성듀이 κ³ λ“± κ΅μœ‘μ„ μΆ”κ΅¬ν•˜λŠ” 것을 ν—ˆλ½μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:07
The elders of my extended family didn't allow their women
32
127308
3714
제 λŒ€κ°€μ‘±μ˜ μ–΄λ₯Έλ“€λ„ μ§‘μ•ˆμ˜ 여성듀이
02:11
to pursue their higher education or their professional careers.
33
131046
3862
κ³ λ“± κ΅μœ‘μ„ λ°›κ±°λ‚˜ 직업 κ²½λ ₯을 가지지 λͺ»ν•˜κ²Œ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:14
However, unlike the other male guardians of my family,
34
134932
4126
κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 제 κ°€μ‘± 쀑 λ‹€λ₯Έ λ‚¨μ„±λ“€κ³ΌλŠ” λ‹€λ₯΄κ²Œ
02:19
my father was one who really supported my ambitions.
35
139082
5484
제 μ•„λ²„μ§€λŠ” μ €μ˜ λͺ©ν‘œλ₯Ό μ§„μ‹¬μœΌλ‘œ μ§€μ§€ν•΄μ£Όμ‹œλŠ” λΆ„μ΄μ…¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:25
To get my law degree,
36
145941
1686
μ €λŠ” 법학 ν•™μœ„λ₯Ό λ°›κΈ° μœ„ν•΄
02:28
of course, it was really difficult,
37
148344
3913
λ‹Ήμ—°ν•˜κ²Œλ„ 정말 νž˜λ“  μ‹œκ°„μ„ λ³΄λ‚΄μ•Όλ§Œ ν–ˆμœΌλ©°
02:32
and [there were] frowns of disapproval.
38
152281
4213
λ°˜κ°μ„ ν‘œμ‹œν•˜λ©° λˆˆμ‚΄μ„ μ°Œν‘Έλ¦¬λŠ” λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ κ²¬λŽŒλ‚΄μ•Ό ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:37
But in the end, I knew it's either me or them,
39
157373
3494
μ €λŠ” κ·Έλ“€κ³Ό μ €μ˜ κΈ°μ€€ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λ₯Ό 선택해야 ν–ˆμ§€λ§Œ
02:40
and I chose myself.
40
160891
1378
κ²°κ΅­ μ €λŠ” μ € μžμ‹ μ„ μ„ νƒν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:44
(Applause)
41
164446
4561
(λ°•μˆ˜)
02:50
My family's traditions and expectations for a woman
42
170673
3159
여성에 λŒ€ν•œ 제 κ°€μ‘±μ˜ 전톡과 μš”κ΅¬λŠ”
02:53
wouldn't allow me to own a mobile phone until I was married.
43
173856
2921
νœ΄λŒ€ν°μ˜ μ‚¬μš©μ‘°μ°¨λ„ 결혼 μ „κΉŒμ§€ ν—ˆλ½ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:57
And even when I was married,
44
177544
2083
μ œκ°€ κ²°ν˜Όν•œ 이후에도
02:59
this tool became a tool for my own surveillance.
45
179651
4087
νœ΄λŒ€ν°μ€ μ €λ₯Ό κ°μ‹œν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ λ„κ΅¬λ‘œ μ‚¬μš©λ˜μ—ˆμ„ λΏμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:04
When I resisted this idea of being surveilled by my ex-husband,
46
184923
4430
μ €λŠ” μ €λ₯Ό κ°μ‹œν•˜λŠ” 행동에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ „λ‚¨νŽΈμ—κ²Œ ν•­μ˜ν–ˆμ§€λ§Œ
03:09
he really didn't approve of this
47
189377
1689
κ·ΈλŠ” 제 μ˜κ²¬μ— λ™μ˜ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜κ³ 
03:11
and threw me out of his house,
48
191090
2084
μ—¬μ„― μ‚΄ 된 아듀인 μ••λ‘˜λΌμ™€ ν•¨κ»˜
03:13
along with my six-month-old son, Abdullah.
49
193198
3372
μ €λ₯Ό 집 λ°–μœΌλ‘œ λ‚΄μ«“μ•„λ²„λ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:17
And that was the time when I first asked myself, "Why?
50
197436
4319
그리고 이것이 μ œκ°€ 처음으둜 μ €μ—κ²Œ 슀슀둜 "μ™œ 이런 거지?"
03:21
Why are women not allowed to enjoy the same equal rights
51
201779
3746
"μ™œ 여성듀은 ν—Œλ²•μ— λͺ…μ‹œλ˜μ–΄ μžˆλŠ”
λ™λ“±ν•œ ꢌ리λ₯Ό λˆ„λ¦¬λ„λ‘ ν—ˆλ½λ°›μ§€ λͺ»ν• κΉŒ?"
03:25
enshrined in our Constitution?
52
205549
1976
03:28
While the law states that a woman has the same equal access
53
208631
3950
"여성도 정보λ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•  λ™λ“±ν•œ κΆŒλ¦¬κ°€ μžˆλ‹€κ³ 
ν—Œλ²•μ΄ λͺ…μ‹œν•˜λŠ”λ°λ„ λΆˆκ΅¬ν•˜κ³ 
03:32
to the information,
54
212605
1429
03:34
why is it always men -- brothers, fathers and husbands --
55
214058
3779
μ™œ 항상 ν˜•μ œ, 아버지, λ‚¨νŽΈλ“€κ³Ό 같은 λ‚¨μ„±λ“€λ§Œμ΄
03:37
who are granting these rights to us,
56
217861
2039
μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ ꢌ리λ₯Ό ν—ˆλ½ν•˜λŠ” 주체가 되며
03:39
effectively making the law irrelevant?"
57
219924
2848
법을 λ¬΄μ˜λ―Έν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“œλŠ” 걸까?" 라고 μžμ‹ μ—κ²Œ μ§ˆλ¬Έν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:44
So I decided to take a step,
58
224801
1757
κ·Έ 이후 μ €λŠ”
03:46
instead of keep questioning these patriarchal structures
59
226582
2967
이런 κ°€λΆ€μž₯적인 μ‚¬νšŒμ  기쀀에 계속 μ§ˆλ¬Έμ„ λ˜μ§€λŠ” λŒ€μ‹ 
03:49
and societal norms.
60
229573
1319
λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‹œλ„λ₯Ό ν•˜κΈ°λ‘œ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:51
And I founded the Digital Rights Foundation in 2012
61
231656
3980
그리고 μ €λŠ” 여성듀이 μ˜¨λΌμΈμƒμ—μ„œ κ²ͺμ—ˆλ˜ λ¬Έμ œλ“€κ³Ό
03:55
to address all the issues and women's experiences in online spaces
62
235660
6452
그듀이 λ‹Ήν•΄μ™”λ˜ 사이버 폭λ ₯을 닀루기 μœ„ν•˜μ—¬
2012년에 디지털 인ꢌ μž¬λ‹¨ (Digital Rights Foundation)을 μ„€λ¦½ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:02
and cyberharassment.
63
242136
1464
04:04
From lobbying for free and safe internet
64
244990
3927
μ €λŠ” μ Šμ€ μ—¬μ„±λ“€μ—κ²Œ μ•ˆμ „ν•˜κ²Œ 인터넷을 μ΄μš©ν•˜λŠ” 것은
04:08
to convincing young women
65
248941
1463
μš°λ¦¬λ“€μ˜ 기본적이고 μ€‘μš”ν•œ μΈκΆŒμ΄λΌλŠ” 것을 μ•Œλ¦¬κΈ° μœ„ν•΄
04:10
that access to the safe internet is their fundamental, basic, human right,
66
250428
5226
μ—¬μ„±λ“€μ˜ μ•ˆμ „ν•œ 무료 인터넷 보급을 μœ„ν•œ λ‘œλΉ„ ν™œλ™μ„ 펼치며
04:15
I'm trying to play my part in igniting the spark
67
255678
2930
μ§€κΈˆκ» μ €λ₯Ό κ΄΄λ‘­ν˜€μ™”λ˜ μ§ˆλ¬Έμ— 닡을 ν•  수 μžˆλŠ”
04:18
to address the questions that have bothered me all these years.
68
258632
3615
μ‹œλ°œμ μ΄ 될 수 μžˆλ„λ‘ 제 역할에 μ΅œμ„ μ„ λ‹€ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:22
With a hope in my heart,
69
262955
1853
κ°€μŠ΄μ— 희망을 ν’ˆκ³ 
04:24
and to offer a solution to this menace,
70
264832
2566
μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μœ„ν˜‘μ— λŒ€ν•œ 해결책을 λ§ˆλ ¨ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄
04:27
I started Pakistan's and the region's first cyberharassment help line
71
267422
4382
2016λ…„ 12μ›”, νŒŒν‚€μŠ€νƒ„ 지역 졜초둜
사이버폭λ ₯ 상담 μ„œλΉ„μŠ€λ₯Ό κ΅¬μΆ•ν•˜μ—¬..
04:31
in December 2016 --
72
271828
1816
04:33
(Applause)
73
273668
5741
(λ°•μˆ˜)
04:40
to extend my support to the women who do not know who to turn to
74
280038
4273
μ˜¨λΌμΈμ—μ„œ μ‹¬κ°ν•œ μœ„ν˜‘μ„ λ°›μ•˜μ„ λ•Œ λˆ„κ΅¬μ—κ²Œ μ˜μ§€ν• μ§€ λͺ¨λ₯΄λŠ” μ—¬μ„±λ“€μ—κ²Œ
04:44
when they face serious threats online.
75
284335
2683
더 λ§Žμ€ 도움을 주도둝 ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:47
I think of the women who do not have the necessary support
76
287757
4010
μ €λŠ” μ˜¨λΌμΈμ—μ„œ 성폭λ ₯ ν˜‘λ°• 메일을 λ°›κ³  항상 λΆˆμ•ˆμ— λ–¨λ©°
04:51
to deal with the mental trauma when they feel unsafe in online spaces,
77
291791
5554
κ·Έ νŠΈλΌμš°λ§ˆμ™€ ν•˜λ£¨λ₯Ό μ‹œμž‘ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ”
04:57
and they go about their daily activities,
78
297369
2083
μ‚¬νšŒ 지원이 κΌ­ ν•„μš”ν•œ 여성듀을 항상 κ³ λ €ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:59
thinking that there is a rape threat in their in-box.
79
299476
3243
05:03
Safe access to the internet is an access to knowledge,
80
303329
4162
μ•ˆμ „ν•˜κ²Œ 인터넷에 μ ‘κ·Όν•˜λŠ” 것은 곧 지식에 μ ‘κ·Όν•˜λŠ” 것이며
05:07
and knowledge is freedom.
81
307515
1828
지식은 곧 자유λ₯Ό μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:09
When I fight for women's digital rights,
82
309367
2118
μ—¬μ„±μ˜ 디지털 κΆŒλ¦¬μ— λŒ€ν•΄ νˆ¬μŸν•˜λŠ” 것은
05:11
I'm fighting for equality.
83
311509
1872
평등을 μœ„ν•œ 투쟁인 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:13
Thank you.
84
313405
1151
κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:14
(Applause)
85
314580
1943
(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7