Julian Baggini: Is there a real you?

212,273 views ใƒป 2015-07-15

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Jihyeon J. Kim ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jeong-Lan Kinser
00:12
Is there a real you?
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์ง„์ •ํ•œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:13
This might seem to you like a very odd question.
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๋งค์šฐ ์ด์ƒํ•œ ๋ง๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์‹ค ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:16
Because, you might ask,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•ด๋ณด์‹ค ํ…๋ฐ์š”.
00:18
how do we find the real you,
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ์ž์‹ ์„ ์ฐพ์ง€?
00:21
how do you know what the real you is?
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์ง„์ •ํ•œ ์ž์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๊นŒ?
00:23
And so forth.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:24
But the idea that there must be a real you,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ์ž์‹ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
00:27
surely that's obvious.
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๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ฃ .
00:28
If there's anything real in the world, it's you.
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์„ธ์ƒ์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€ ์ง„์งœ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:31
Well, I'm not quite sure.
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์Œ, ํ™•์‹คํ•˜์ง„ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:33
At least we have to understand a bit better what that means.
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์–ด๋–ค ์˜๋ฏธ์ธ์ง€ ์ข€ ๋” ์ดํ•ดํ•ด์•ผ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:36
Now certainly, I think there are lots of things in our culture around us
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๋ถ„๋ช… ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ฌธํ™”์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด
00:40
which sort of reinforce the idea
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ์ž๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ํ•ต์‹ฌ๊ณผ ๋ณธ์งˆ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ 
00:42
that for each one of us, we have a kind of a core, an essence.
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:46
There is something about what it means to be you which defines you,
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์ž์‹ ์„ ์ž์‹ ๋‹ต๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ 
00:49
and it's kind of permanent and unchanging.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์˜์›ํžˆ ๋ณ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:52
The most kind of crude way in which we have it,
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๊ทธ ์ค‘ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด
00:53
are things like horoscopes.
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๋ณ„์ž๋ฆฌ ์šด์„ธ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:55
You know, people are very wedded to these, actually.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ž˜ ๋น ์ ธ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:58
People put them on their Facebook profile
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์–ด๋–ค ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
01:00
as though they are meaningul,
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ํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ถ ํ”„๋กœํ•„์— ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:01
you even know your Chinese horoscope as well.
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์ค‘๊ตญ์‹ ์ ์„ฑ์ˆ ๋„ ์•„์‹ค ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:04
There are also more scientific versions of this,
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๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ณผํ•™์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:06
all sorts of ways of profiling personality type,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•ด ๋†“์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
01:09
such as the Myers-Briggs tests, for example.
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๊ฐ€๋ น MBTI ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:12
I don't know if you've done those.
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ํ•ด๋ณด์…จ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
01:13
A lot of companies use these for recruitment.
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๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์—์„œ๋„ ์ฑ„์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:15
You answer a lot of questions,
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๋งŽ์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ตํ•˜๋ฉด
01:19
and this is supposed to reveal something about your core personality.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์„ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:22
And of course, the popular fascination with this is enormous.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋Œ€๋‹จํžˆ ์ธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
In magazines like this, you'll see,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์žก์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด
01:27
in the bottom left corner, they'll advertise in virtually every issue
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๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ฑ… ์™ผ์ชฝ ๊ตฌ์„์—
01:31
some kind of personality thing.
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์„ฑ๊ฒฉ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ด‘๊ณ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:33
And if you pick up one of those magazines,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์žก์ง€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๊ณ ๋ฅด๋ฉด
01:35
it's hard to resist, isn't it?
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์œ ํ˜น์„ ์ฐธ์„ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
01:36
Doing the test to find what is your learning style,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ํ•™์Šต ์Šคํƒ€์ผ,
01:39
what is your loving style, or what is your working style?
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์—ฐ์• ์™€ ์—…๋ฌด ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:42
Are you this kind of person or that?
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์œ ํ˜•์ผ๊นŒ์š”, ์ €๋Ÿฐ ์œ ํ˜•์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
01:44
So I think that we have a common-sense idea
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์ด๊ฑธ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ
01:48
that there is a kind of core or essence of ourselves
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๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์ธ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ 
01:51
to be discovered.
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๋ณดํ†ต ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:53
And that this is kind of a permanent truth about ourselves,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ธ ์ง„์‹ค์ด
01:56
something that's the same throughout life.
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์ธ์ƒ์„ ํ†ตํ‹€์–ด์„œ๋„ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:58
Well, that's the idea I want to challenge.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ์ ์— ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:02
And I have to say now, I'll say it a bit later,
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋’ค์— ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
02:04
but I'm not challenging this just because I'm weird,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด์ƒํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ์„œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
02:07
the challenge actually has a very, very long and distinguished history.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
Here's the common-sense idea.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ณดํ†ต์˜ ์ƒ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
There is you.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:14
You are the individuals you are, and you have this kind of core.
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๊ฐ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ๋ณธ์งˆ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:17
Now in your life, what happens is that you, of course,
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์‚ถ์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์€ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด
02:22
accumulate different experiences and so forth.
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜๋“ค์ด ์Œ“์ด๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:24
So you have memories,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ธฐ์–ต์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:26
and these memories help to create what you are.
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์ด ๊ธฐ์–ต๋“ค์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:28
You have desires, maybe for a cookie,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์š•๋ง์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณผ์ž๋ฅผ ๋จน๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
02:31
maybe for something that we don't want to talk about
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์•„์นจ์— ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ
๋ณ„๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:34
at 11 o'clock in the morning in a school.
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02:36
You will have beliefs.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋ฏฟ์Œ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:38
This is a number plate from someone in America.
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์ด๊ฑด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฒˆํ˜ธํŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:40
I don't know whether this number plate, which says "messiah 1,"
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"๋ฉ”์‹œ์•„ 1"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์“ด ๊ฒƒ์ด
02:42
indicates that the driver believes in the messiah,
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์šด์ „์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ”์‹œ์•„๋ฅผ ๋ฏฟ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€
02:45
or that they are the messiah.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ฉ”์‹œ์•„๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:47
Either way, they have beliefs about messiahs.
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์–ด์จŒ๋“  ๋ฉ”์‹œ์•„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฏฟ์Œ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:50
We have knowledge.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€์‹์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
We have sensations and experiences as well.
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๊ฐ๊ฐ๊ณผ ๊ฒฝํ—˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:53
It's not just intellectual things.
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๋‹จ์ง€ ์ง€์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:56
So this is kind of the common-sense model, I think,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ž์‹ ์ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋Š”
02:58
of what a person is.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ณดํ†ต์˜ ์ƒ์‹์ ์ธ ๋ชจํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:00
There is a person who has all the things that make up our life experiences.
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ถ์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ์•„์šฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ์ธ๊ฒฉ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:06
But the suggestion I want to put to you today
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€
03:08
is that there's something fundamentally wrong with this model.
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์ด ๋ชจํ˜•์— ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:12
And I can show you what's wrong with one click.
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์ด์ œ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๊ฑด์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:14
Which is there isn't actually a "you" at the heart of all these experiences.
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒฝํ—˜์˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์— ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ "์ž์‹ "์€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:21
Strange thought? Well, maybe not.
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์ด์ƒํ•œ๊ฐ€์š”? ์•„๋‹๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:23
What is there, then?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋ญ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
03:25
Well, clearly there are memories, desires, intentions, sensations,
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๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๊ธฐ์–ต, ์š•๊ตฌ, ์˜์ง€, ์ง€๊ฐ,
03:28
and so forth.
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๊ธฐํƒ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹ค ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
03:30
But what happens is these things exist,
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03:32
and they're kind of all integrated,
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๋ชจ๋‘ ์œตํ•ฉ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:34
they're overlapped, they're connected in various different ways.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒน์ณ์ ธ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:38
They're connecting partly, and perhaps even mainly,
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๋ถ€๋ถ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:40
because they all belong to one body and one brain.
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ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์‹ ์ฒด์™€ ๋‡Œ์— ์†ํ•ด์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
03:44
But there's also a narrative, a story we tell about ourselves,
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๋˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:47
the experiences we have when we remember past things.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ํšŒ์ƒํ•  ๋•Œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด์ฃ .
03:50
We do things because of other things.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:52
So what we desire is partly a result of what we believe,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ƒ๊ฐ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
and what we remember is also informing us what we know.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ์–ต์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:59
And so really, there are all these things,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:02
like beliefs, desires, sensations, experiences,
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๋ฏฟ์Œ, ์š•๊ตฌ, ์ง€๊ฐ, ๊ฒฝํ—˜,
04:05
they're all related to each other,
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๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ด€๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:07
and that just is you.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
In some ways, it's a small difference from the common-sense understanding.
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์–ด๋–ค ๋ฉด์—์„  ์ƒ์‹์˜ ์ดํ•ด์ˆ˜์ค€๊ณผ ํฐ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:16
In some ways, it's a massive one.
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์–ด๋–ค ๋ฉด์—์„  ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:18
It's the shift between thinking of yourself
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์ž์‹ ์„
04:20
as a thing which has all the experiences of life,
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์‚ถ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์กด์žฌ๋กœ ๋ณด๋Š๋ƒ
04:24
and thinking of yourself as simply that collection
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์‚ถ์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ๋ชจ์—ฌ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด๋กœ ๋ณด๋Š๋ƒ
04:26
of all experiences in life.
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๊ด€์ ์˜ ์ „ํ™˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:28
You are the sum of your parts.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๋ชจ์ธ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:31
Now those parts are also physical parts, of course,
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๊ทธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์‹ ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:33
brains, bodies and legs and things,
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๋‡Œ, ๋ชธํ†ต, ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด์ง€๋งŒ
04:35
but they aren't so important, actually.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ณ„๋กœ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง„ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:38
If you have a heart transplant, you're still the same person.
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์‹ฌ์žฅ์ด์‹ ์ˆ˜์ˆ ์„ ํ•ด๋„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์ฃ .
04:40
If you have a memory transplant, are you the same person?
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๊ธฐ์–ต์„ ์ด์‹ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
04:43
If you have a belief transplant, would you be the same person?
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์‹ ๋…์„ ์ด์‹ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
04:46
Now this idea, that what we are, the way to understand ourselves,
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์ด ์ƒ๊ฐ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์กด์žฌ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์ž์‹ ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด
04:51
is as not of some permanent being, which has experiences,
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๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ธ ์กด์žฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
04:55
but is kind of a collection of experiences,
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๊ฒฝํ—˜์˜ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
04:58
might strike you as kind of weird.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Š๊ปด์ง€์‹ค ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:00
But actually, I don't think it should be weird.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
05:03
In a way, it's common sense.
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์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„๋Š” ์ƒ์‹์ ์ธ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:04
Because I just invite you to think about, by comparison,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜์„œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์‹œ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ œ์•ˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
think about pretty much anything else in the universe,
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์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ์ด๋“  ๋น„๊ตํ•ด์„œ
05:12
maybe apart from the very most fundamental forces or powers.
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๊ทผ์›์ ์ธ ํž˜๊ณผ ๋ณ„๊ฐœ๋กœ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:14
Let's take something like water.
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๋ฌผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
05:17
Now my science isn't very good.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™์„ ์ž˜ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:20
We might say something like water has two parts hydrogen
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๋ฌผ์€ ์ˆ˜์†Œ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์™€
05:23
and one parts oxygen, right?
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์‚ฐ์†Œ ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋กœ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์ฃ ?
05:25
We all know that.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:26
I hope no one in this room thinks that what that means
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๊ณ„์‹œ๋Š” ๋ถ„๋“ค ์ค‘ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์…”์„œ
05:30
is there is a thing called water, and attached to it
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๋ฌผ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์ˆ˜์†Œ์™€ ์‚ฐ์†Œ ์›์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ถ™์–ด์„œ
05:34
are hydrogen and oxygen atoms,
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๋ฌผ์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์‹ค ๋ถ„์€ ์—†์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:37
and that's what water is.
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05:38
Of course we don't.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์ฃ .
05:39
We understand, very easily, very straightforwardly,
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์•„์ฃผ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ, ์ •๋ง ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ดํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:42
that water is nothing more
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๋ฌผ์ด๋ž€
05:44
than the hydrogen and oxygen molecules suitably arranged.
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์ˆ˜์†Œ์™€ ์‚ฐ์†Œ ๋ถ„์ž๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ ๋ฐฐ์—ด๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ทธ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:49
Everything else in the universe is the same.
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์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:51
There's no mystery about my watch, for example.
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๊ฐ€๋ น ์ œ ์‹œ๊ณ„์— ์–ด๋–ค ์‹ ๋น„๋กœ์šด ๋น„๋ฐ€์€ ์—†์ฃ .
์‹œ๊ณ„์— ์ˆซ์ž์™€ ๋ฐ”๋Š˜์ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
05:55
We say the watch has a face, and hands,
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05:58
and a mechanism and a battery,
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๊ธฐ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€ ๊ฑด์ „์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ฃ .
06:00
But what we really mean is,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š”
06:01
we don't think there is a thing called the watch
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์ด ์š”์†Œ๋“ค์„ ๋ถ™์—ฌ ๋†“์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ
06:03
to which we then attach all these bits.
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์‹œ๊ณ„๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:05
We understand very clearly that you get the parts of the watch,
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์‹œ๊ณ„์˜ ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ๋“ค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์ดํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:08
you put them together, and you create a watch.
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ชจ์•„๋†“๊ณ  ์‹œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
06:10
Now if everything else in the universe is like this,
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์šฐ์ฃผ ๋งŒ๋ฌผ์ด ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๋ฉด
06:13
why are we different?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:15
Why think of ourselves
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์„
06:17
as somehow not just being a collection of all our parts,
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๋‹จ์ง€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„๋“ค์˜ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
06:21
but somehow being a separate, permanent entity which has those parts?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ์˜์†์ ์ธ ์กด์žฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
06:26
Now this view is not particularly new, actually.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ด€์ ์€ ์˜ˆ์ „์—๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:29
It has quite a long lineage.
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๊ฝค ์˜ค๋žœ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:31
You find it in Buddhism,
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๋ถˆ๊ต์—์„œ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:32
you find it in 17th, 18th-century philosophy
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17, 18์„ธ๊ธฐ ์ฒ ํ•™์—๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ˜„๋Œ€์— ๊ฑธ์ณ
06:35
going through to the current day, people like Locke and Hume.
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๋กœํฌ๋‚˜ ํ„๊ฐ™์€ ์ฒ ํ•™์ž์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:38
But interestingly, it's also a view
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ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๊ฒŒ๋„ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
06:40
increasingly being heard reinforced by neuroscience.
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์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณผํ•™์—์„œ ์ ์  ๋” ์–ธ๊ธ‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:44
This is Paul Broks, he's a clinical neuropsychologist,
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์ด ๋ถ„์€ ์ž„์ƒ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์ •์‹ ๊ณผ ์˜์‚ฌ์ธ ํด ๋ธŒ๋ก์Šค ์ธ๋ฐ
06:48
and he says this:
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:49
"We have a deep intuition that there is a core,
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"์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•ต์‹ฌ๊ณผ ๋ณธ์งˆ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‹ฌ์˜คํ•œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:51
an essence there, and it's hard to shake off,
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06:54
probably impossible to shake off, I suspect.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋–จ์ณ๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•  ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:57
But it's true that neuroscience shows that there is no centre in the brain
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์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณผํ•™์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข…ํ•ฉ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š”
07:01
where things do all come together."
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๋‡Œ์˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ๋ถ€๋ž€ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:03
So when you look at the brain,
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๋‡Œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ
07:06
and you look at how the brain makes possible a sense of self,
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž์•„๋ฅผ ์ธ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด
07:10
you find that there isn't a central control spot in the brain.
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๋‡Œ์—๋Š” ์ค‘์•™ํ†ต์ œ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:14
There is no kind of center where everything happens.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ†ต๊ด„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ค‘์•™์ด๋ž€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:17
There are lots of different processes in the brain,
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๋‡Œ์—๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๊ณผ์ •์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
07:19
all of which operate, in a way, quite independently.
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๋ชจ๋‘ ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:22
But it's because of the way that they relate
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ž์•„ ์ธ์ง€์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
07:26
that we get this sense of self.
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๊ฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋ฐฉ์‹๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:28
The term I use in the book, I call it the ego trick.
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์ œ ์ฑ…์—์„œ "์ž์•„ ์†์ž„์ˆ˜"๋ผ๋Š” ์šฉ์–ด๋กœ ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:32
It's like a mechanical trick.
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๋งˆ์น˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์ธ ์†์ž„์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:37
It's not that we don't exist,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
07:39
it's just that the trick is to make us feel that inside of us
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๋งˆ์น˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ†ตํ•ฉ์ ์ธ ์กด์žฌ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ
07:42
is something more unified than is really there.
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๋Š๋ผ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์†์ž„์ˆ˜๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:46
Now you might think this is a worrying idea.
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์•„๋งˆ ๊ฑฑ์ •๋˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์œผ์‹คํ…๋ฐ์š”.
07:49
You might think that if it's true,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋ผ๋ฉด
07:51
that for each one of us there is no abiding core of self,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋ถˆ๋ณ€์˜ ์ž์•„๋‚˜
07:55
no permanent essence,
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์˜์›ํ•œ ๋ณธ์งˆ์ด๋ž€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
07:57
does that mean that really, the self is an illusion?
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์ž์•„๋ž€ ํ™˜์ƒ์ด๋ž€ ๋œป์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
08:01
Does it mean that we really don't exist?
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹จ ๋ง์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
08:03
There is no real you.
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์ง„์ •ํ•œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด๋ž€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:05
Well, a lot of people actually do use this talk of illusion and so forth.
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๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ™˜์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:08
These are three psychologists, Thomas Metzinger, Bruce Hood,
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์„ธ ๋ช…์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ† ๋งˆ์Šค ๋ฉ”์นญ๊ฑฐ, ๋ธŒ๋ฃจ์Šค ํ›„๋“œ,
08:12
Susan Blackmore,
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์ˆ˜์ž” ๋ธ”๋ž™๋ชจ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:14
a lot of these people do talk the language of illusion,
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๋งŽ์€ ์ด๋“ค์ด ํ™˜์ƒ์ด๋ž€ ๋ง์„ ์”๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:17
the self is an illusion, it's a fiction.
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์ž์•„๋Š” ํ™˜์ƒ์ด๊ณ  ํ—ˆ๊ตฌ๋ผ๊ณ ์š”.
08:20
But I don't think this is a very helpful way of looking at it.
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์ „ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:23
Go back to the watch.
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08:23
The watch isn't an illusion, because there is nothing to the watch
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์‹œ๊ณ„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ฐ€๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”?
์‹œ๊ณ„๋Š” ํ™˜์ƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ , ์‹œ๊ณ„๋Š” ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ์˜ ์กฐํ•ฉ ๋ง๊ณ ๋Š”
08:27
other than a collection of its parts.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์—†์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
08:30
In the same way, we're not illusions either.
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๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋„ ํ™˜์ƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:32
The fact that we are, in some ways, just this very, very complex collection,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ณต์žกํ•˜๊ณ  ์งˆ์„œ์žˆ๋Š”
08:37
ordered collection of things,
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์˜ ๋ณตํ•ฉ์ฒด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ
08:39
does not mean we're not real.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฑด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
08:41
I can give you a very sort of rough metaphor for this.
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๋น„์œ ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:43
Let's take something like a waterfall.
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ํญํฌ๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ๋“ค๊นŒ์š”.
08:46
These are the Iguazu Falls, in Argentina.
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์•„๋ฅดํ—จํ‹ฐ๋‚˜์˜ ์ด๊ณผ์ˆ˜ ํญํฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:50
Now if you take something like this,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด
08:52
you can appreciate the fact that in lots of ways,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์ธ์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:55
there's nothing permanent about this.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์— ์˜์›ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:58
For one thing, it's always changing.
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์ผ๋‹จ, ๋Š˜ ๋ณ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:59
The waters are always carving new channels.
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๊ฐ•๋ฌผ์€ ๋ณ€ํ™”, ํ๋ฆ„๊ณผ ๋‚ ์”จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ
09:02
with changes and tides and the weather,
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๋Š˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฌผ๊ธธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:04
some things dry up, new things are created.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ง๋ผ ์—†์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์ƒˆ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฒจ๋‚˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:09
Of course the water that flows through the waterfall
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ํญํฌ๋กœ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ฌผ์€
09:12
is different every single instance.
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๋งค ์ˆœ๊ฐ„ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:15
But it doesn't mean that the Iguazu Falls are an illusion.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ด๊ณผ์ˆ˜ ํญํฌ๊ฐ€ ํ™˜์ƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:18
It doesn't mean it's not real.
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์‹ค์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์ฃ .
09:19
What it means is we have to understand what it is
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฑด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:23
as something which has a history,
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์—ญ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ 
09:25
has certain things that keep it together,
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์ข…ํ•ฉ์ ์ธ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
09:28
but it's a process, it's fluid, it's forever changing.
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ๋™์ ์ธ ๊ณผ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:30
Now that, I think, is a model for understanding ourselves,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจํ˜•์ด๋ฉฐ
09:34
and I think it's a liberating model.
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์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจํ˜•์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:36
Because if you think that you have this fixed, permanent essence,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ‰์ƒ ๋ณ€ํ•จ์—†๋Š”
09:39
which is always the same, throughout your life, no matter what,
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์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ๊ณ ์ •๋ถˆ๋ณ€ํ•œ ๋ณธ์งˆ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
09:42
in a sense you're kind of trapped.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ต๋‹ตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ–ํ˜€์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:44
You're born with an essence,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ฃฝ์„ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ง€์†๋˜๋Š”
09:47
that's what you are until you die,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ณธ์งˆ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ํƒœ์–ด๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:50
if you believe in an afterlife, maybe you continue.
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์‚ฌํ›„์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ฏฟ์œผ์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ ๋’ค์—๋„ ๊ณ„์†๋˜๊ฒ ์ง€์š”.
09:53
But if you think of yourself as being, in a way,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์–ด๋–ค๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ์„œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ
09:56
not a thing as such, but a kind of a process,
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๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์˜
09:59
something that is changing,
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์กด์žฌ๋กœ์„œ ์ธ์‹ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
10:01
then I think that's quite liberating.
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๋งค์šฐ ์ž์œ ๋กœ์šด ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:02
Because unlike the the waterfalls,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ํญํฌ์™€๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ
10:05
we actually have the capacity to channel
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„
10:08
the direction of our development for ourselves to a certain degree.
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์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:11
Now we've got to be careful here, right?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹ ์ค‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:14
If you watch the X-Factor too much, you might buy into this idea
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ฌดํ•œ๋„์ „๊ฐ™์€ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด
10:17
that we can all be whatever we want to be.
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๋ญ๋“ ์ง€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:19
That's not true.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:21
I've heard some fantastic musicians this morning,
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์•„์นจ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ์Œ์•…๊ฐ€์˜ ๊ณก์„ ๋“ค์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
10:23
and I am very confident that I could in no way be as good as them.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋งŒํผ ์ž˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:26
I could practice hard and maybe be good,
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์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด์„œ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
10:29
but I don't have that really natural ability.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ฒœ๋ถ€์  ์žฌ๋Šฅ์€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:32
There are limits to what we can achieve.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ์ทจํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:34
There are limits to what we can make of ourselves.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:37
But nevertheless, we do have this capacity
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์—๋„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„
10:40
to, in a sense, shape ourselves.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:44
The true self, as it were then,
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๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด, ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ์ž์•„๋Š”
10:46
is not something that is just there for you to discover,
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์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:50
you don't sort of look into your soul and find your true self,
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๋งˆ์Œ ์†์„ ๋“ค์—ฌ๋‹ค ๋ณธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:54
What you are partly doing, at least,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„
10:55
is actually creating your true self.
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์ง„์ •ํ•œ ์ž์•„๋ฅผ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:58
And this, I think, is very, very significant,
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ธ์ƒ์— ์žˆ์–ด
11:00
particularly at this stage of life you're at.
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๋Œ€๋‹จํžˆ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:02
You'll be aware of the fact
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋ช‡๋…„ ์‚ฌ์ด์—
11:03
how much of you changed over recent years.
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋ณ€ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹ค ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:06
If you have any videos of yourself, three or four years ago,
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์‚ผ ์‚ฌ๋…„์ „ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ์ดฌ์˜ํ•œ ๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์œผ์‹œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
11:09
you probably feel embarrassed because you don't recognize yourself.
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์•„๋งˆ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์„œ ๋‹นํ™ฉ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šฐ์‹ค ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:12
So I want to get that message over, that what we need to do
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์”€์„ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:15
is think about ourselves as things that we can shape,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์ž์‹ ์€ ํ˜•์„ฑ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ , ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋ฉฐ, ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:18
and channel and change.
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11:19
This is the Buddha, again:
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์„๊ฐ€๋ชจ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:20
"Well-makers lead the water,
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"์šฐ๋ฌผ์„ ํŒŒ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ฌผ์„ ์ด๋Œ๊ณ ,
11:23
fletchers bend the arrow,
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ํ™”์‚ด ์ œ์ž‘์ž๋Š” ํ™œ์„ ๊ตฌ๋ถ€๋ฆฌ๋ฉฐ,
11:24
carpenters bend a log of wood,
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๋ชฉ์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋ชฉ์žฌ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ ,
11:27
wise people fashion themselves."
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์ง€ํ˜œ๋กœ์šด ์ž๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์Šคํƒ€์ผ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๊ฐ„๋‹ค."
์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:31
And that's the idea I want to leave you with,
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11:32
that your true self is not something that you will have to go searching for,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ์ž์•„๋Š” ๋งˆ์น˜ ๋น„๋ฐ€์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
11:39
as a mystery, and maybe never ever find.
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์ฐพ์•„ ๋ณด์•„๋„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:42
To the extent you have a true self,
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์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ์ž์•„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:44
it's something that you in part discover,
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์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
11:47
but in part create.
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์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€์š”.
11:49
and that, I think, is a liberating and exciting prospect.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ณ  ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๊ด€์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:54
Thank you very much.
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๋Œ€๋‹จํžˆ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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