Dame Stephanie Shirley: Why do ambitious women have flat heads?

176,959 views ・ 2015-03-27

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Yeokyoung Shim κ²€ν† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:12
When I wrote my memoir,
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μ œκ°€ νšŒκ³ λ‘μ„ μž‘μ„±ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ
00:14
the publishers were really confused.
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μΆœνŒμ‚¬μ—μ„œ μ•„μ£Ό ν˜Όλž€μŠ€λŸ¬μ›Œν–ˆμ–΄μš”.
00:18
Was it about me as a child refugee,
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이것이 ν”Όλ‚œλ―Ό μ•„λ™μœΌλ‘œμ„œμ˜ 이야기인가
00:22
or as a woman who set up a high-tech software company back in the 1960s,
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μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ 1960λ…„λŒ€μ— μ†Œν”„νŠΈμ›¨μ–΄ νšŒμ‚¬λ₯Ό 섀립해
00:28
one that went public
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주식을 곡개적으둜 상μž₯ν•˜κ³ 
00:30
and eventually employed over 8,500 people?
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8,500λͺ… 이상을 κ³ μš©ν•œ ν•œ 여성인가?
00:34
Or was it as a mother of an autistic child?
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μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ 자폐증 아이λ₯Ό λ‘” μ—„λ§ˆ?
00:39
Or as a philanthropist that's now given away serious money?
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κ±°μ•‘μ˜ λˆμ„ κΈ°λΆ€ν•œ ν•œ λͺ…μ˜ μžμ„ κ°€?
00:43
Well, it turns out, I'm all of these.
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사싀은 이 λͺ¨λ“  것듀이 μ €μ˜ λͺ¨μŠ΅μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:46
So let me tell you my story.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 이제 제 이야기λ₯Ό ν•΄λ³ΌκΉŒ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:51
All that I am stems from when I got onto a train in Vienna,
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이 λͺ¨μŠ΅λ“€μ€ λͺ¨λ‘ μ œκ°€ λΉ„μ—”λ‚˜λ‘œ κ°€λŠ” κΈ°μ°¨μ—μ„œ λΉ„λ‘―λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:58
part of the Kindertransport that saved nearly 10,000 Jewish children
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λ‚˜μΉ˜ μœ λŸ½μ—μ„œ 거의 만λͺ…μ˜ μœ λŒ€μΈ 아동을 κ΅¬ν•œ
01:03
from Nazi Europe.
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킨더 트랜슀포트의 κ΅¬μΆœμž‘μ „μ˜ μΌλΆ€μ˜€μ£ .
01:05
I was five years old, clutching the hand of my nine-year-old sister
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μ €λŠ” λ‹Ήμ‹œ λ‹€μ„― μ‚΄μ΄μ—ˆκ³  아홉 μ‚΄ μ–Έλ‹ˆμ˜ 손을 κΌ­ 작고 μžˆμ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
01:09
and had very little idea as to what was going on.
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무슨 일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ”μ§€λ„ 잘 λͺ°λžμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:13
"What is England and why am I going there?"
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"μž‰κΈ€λžœλ“œκ°€ 뭐지? λ‚΄κ°€ μ™œ 그곳에 κ°€λŠ” 걸까?" ν•˜κ³  μƒκ°ν–ˆμ£ .
01:18
I'm only alive because so long ago, I was helped by generous strangers.
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μ €λŠ” 였래 μ „ λ‚―μ„  μ΄λ“€μ˜ 도움을 λ°›μ•„ μ‚΄μ•„μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:26
I was lucky, and doubly lucky to be later reunited
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μ €λŠ” ꡉμž₯히 운이 μ’‹μ•˜κ³  λ˜ν•œ 후에 λΆ€λͺ¨λ‹˜λ“€κ³Ό μž¬νšŒν•˜κ²Œ λ˜μ–΄
01:30
with my birth parents.
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두 배둜 운이 μ’‹μ•˜μ£ .
01:32
But, sadly, I never bonded with them again.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μŠ¬ν”„κ²Œλ„ μ €λŠ” κ·Έλ“€κ³Ό λ‹€μ‹œλŠ” ν•¨κ»˜ 살지 λͺ»ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:39
But I've done more in the seven decades since that miserable day
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ €λŠ” μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆκ°€ μ €λ₯Ό 기차에 νƒœμ› λ˜
κ·Έ λΉ„μ°Έν•œ λ‚  이후 70λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ
01:43
when my mother put me on the train
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01:45
than I would ever have dreamed possible.
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μ œκ°€ μƒκ°ν–ˆλ˜ 것보닀 훨씬 λ§Žμ€ 일듀을 κ²ͺμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:48
And I love England, my adopted country,
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μ €λŠ” μ œκ°€ μž…μ–‘λœ λ‚˜λΌμΈ μ˜κ΅­μ„ μ‚¬λž‘ν•˜κ³ 
01:51
with a passion that perhaps only someone who has lost their human rights can feel.
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이 μ‚¬λž‘μ€ μ•„λ§ˆ μžμ‹ μ˜ μΈκΆŒμ„ μžƒμ–΄λ²„λ¦° μ‚¬λžŒλ“€λ§Œμ΄ λŠλ‚„ 수 μžˆλŠ” 열정일 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:57
I decided to make mine a life that was worth saving.
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μ €λŠ” ꡬ해쀀 것에 λ³΄λ‹΅ν• λ§Œν•œ 삢을 μ‚΄κΈ°λ‘œ ν–ˆμ–΄μš”.
02:04
And then, I just got on with it.
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κ·Έ 후에 그런 삢을 μ‚΄κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμ£ .
02:07
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
02:11
Let me take you back to the early 1960s.
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1960λ…„λŒ€ 초반으둜 거슬러 μ˜¬λΌκ°€ λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
02:15
To get past the gender issues of the time,
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κ·Έ μ‹œμ ˆ λ‚¨λ…€λ¬Έμ œλ₯Ό ν’ˆμ€ 채
02:19
I set up my own software house at one of the first such startups in Britain.
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μ €λŠ” μ˜κ΅­μ—μ„œ 졜초의 μ°½μ—…μœΌλ‘œ 개인 μ†Œν”„νŠΈμ›¨μ–΄ νšŒμ‚¬λ₯Ό μ„€λ¦½ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:26
But it was also a company of women, a company for women,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 제 νšŒμ‚¬λŠ” μ—¬μ„±λ“€μ˜, 여성을 μœ„ν•œ κΈ°μ—…μ΄μ—ˆκ³ 
02:32
an early social business.
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초창기의 μ‚¬νšŒμ  κΈ°μ—…μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:35
And people laughed at the very idea because software, at that time,
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 제 생각을 λΉ„μ›ƒμ—ˆλŠ”λ° λ‹Ήμ‹œμ˜ μ†Œν”„νŠΈμ›¨μ–΄λΌλŠ” 것은
02:39
was given away free with hardware.
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ν•˜λ“œμ›¨μ–΄λ₯Ό μ‚΄ λ•Œ 곡짜둜 μ£ΌλŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:41
Nobody would buy software, certainly not from a woman.
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아무도 μ†Œν”„νŠΈμ›¨μ–΄λŠ”, λ”λ”μš± μ—¬μ„±μ—κ²Œμ„œλŠ” 사지 μ•Šμ„ κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:45
Although women were then coming out of the universities with decent degrees,
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비둝 높은 μˆ˜μ€€μ˜ λŒ€ν•™ ν•™μœ„λ₯Ό 가진 μ—¬μ„±λ“€μ΄μ—ˆμŒμ—λ„ λΆˆκ΅¬ν•˜κ³ 
02:51
there was a glass ceiling to our progress.
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우리의 λ°œμ „μ—λŠ” '유리 천μž₯'이 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:56
And I'd hit that glass ceiling too often,
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그리고 μ €λŠ” μ—¬μ„±μ—κ²Œλ„ κΈ°νšŒκ°€ 주어지길 λ°”λžκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
03:00
and I wanted opportunities for women.
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κ·Έ 유리 천μž₯을 μ—¬λŸ¬ μ°¨λ‘€ μ³€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:04
I recruited professionally qualified women who'd left the industry on marriage,
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μ €λŠ” μ „λ¬Έ μžκ²©μ¦μ„ μ·¨λ“ν–ˆμ§€λ§Œ
결혼과 μΆœμ‚°λ•Œλ¬Έμ— νšŒμ‚¬λ₯Ό λ– λ‚  여성듀을 λ½‘μ•˜κ³ 
03:09
or when their first child was expected
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03:11
and structured them into a home-working organization.
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그듀을 μž¬νƒκ·Όλ¬΄ 쑰직으둜 κ΅¬μ„±ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:16
We pioneered the concept of women going back into the workforce
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 여성듀이 일을 쉬고 λ‹€μ‹œ 직μž₯으둜 λŒμ•„κ°ˆ 수 μžˆλŠ”
03:21
after a career break.
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방법을 κ°œμ²™ν•œ 것이죠.
03:23
We pioneered all sorts of new, flexible work methods:
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λͺ¨λ“  μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ μƒˆλ‘­κ³  μœ μ—°ν•œ κΈ°μ—… 운영 방식을 κ°œμ²™ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:27
job shares, profit-sharing, and eventually, co-ownership
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λΆ„λ‹΄ 노동, 이읡 λ°°λΆ„μ œ,
그리고 μ €λ₯Ό μ œμ™Έν•œ νšŒμ‚¬ κ΅¬μ„±μ›λ“€μ—κ²Œ νšŒμ‚¬ μ§€λΆ„μ˜ 25%λ₯Ό λ°°λΆ„ν•˜λŠ”
03:32
when I took a quarter of the company into the hands of the staff
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03:36
at no cost to anyone but me.
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곡유 μ§€λΆ„μ œ λ˜ν•œ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄λƒˆμ£ .
03:41
For years, I was the first woman this, or the only woman that.
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λͺ‡ λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ μ €λŠ” 처음으둜 무언가λ₯Ό ν˜Ήμ€ μœ μΌν•˜κ²Œ 무언가λ₯Ό ν•΄λ‚Έ μ—¬μ„±μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:47
And in those days, I couldn't work on the stock exchange,
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그리고 κ·Έ 무렡에 μ €λŠ” 증ꢌ κ±°λž˜μ†Œμ— 갈 수 μ—†μ—ˆκ³ 
03:51
I couldn't drive a bus or fly an airplane.
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λ²„μŠ€λ₯Ό μš΄μ „ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ λΉ„ν–‰κΈ°λ₯Ό μ‘°μ’…ν•  수 도 μ—†μ—ˆμ£ .
03:55
Indeed, I couldn't open a bank account without my husband's permission.
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μ •λ§λ‘œ μ €λŠ” λ‚¨νŽΈμ˜ ν—ˆλ½ μ—†μ΄λŠ” 제 은행 κ³„μ’Œλ₯Ό μ—΄ 수 도 μ—†μ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
04:01
My generation of women fought the battles for the right to work
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저희 μ„ΈλŒ€ 여성듀은 일 ν•  ꢌ리λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄
04:05
and the right for equal pay.
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같은 μˆ˜μ€€μ˜ μž„κΈˆμ„ μœ„ν•΄ νˆ¬μŸν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:10
Nobody really expected much from people at work or in society
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아무도 직μž₯μ—μ„œλ‚˜ μ‚¬νšŒμ—μ„œ 여성듀에 λŒ€ν•œ κΈ°λŒ€λ₯Ό ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μ–΄μš”.
04:14
because all the expectations then
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έ μ‹œμ ˆ 여성듀에 λŒ€ν•œ κΈ°λŒ€λŠ” λͺ¨λ‘
04:16
were about home and family responsibilities.
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κ°€μ •μ—μ„œλ‚˜ κ°€μ‘± κ΅¬μ„±μ—μ„œμ˜ μ±…μž„κ°μ— λŒ€ν•œ κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆμœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
04:20
And I couldn't really face that,
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그리고 μ €λŠ” 정말 κ·Έ ν˜„μ‹€μ„ 바라볼 μˆ˜κ°€ μ—†μ—ˆκ³ ,
04:23
so I started to challenge the conventions of the time,
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κ·Έ λ‹Ήμ‹œμ˜ κ΄€μŠ΅μ— λŒ€ν•΄ λ„μ „ν•˜κΈ°λ‘œ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:29
even to the extent of changing my name from "Stephanie" to "Steve"
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μ‹¬μ§€μ–΄λŠ” μ €λŠ” μŠ€ν…ŒνŒŒλ‹ˆμ—μ„œ μŠ€ν‹°λΈŒλ‘œ 개λͺ…ν–ˆμ–΄μš”.
04:35
in my business development letters,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 사업 개발 νŽΈμ§€μ—μ„œ
04:36
so as to get through the door before anyone realized
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μƒλŒ€λ°©μ΄ 'κ·Έ'κ°€ 사싀은 'κ·Έλ…€'μ˜€λ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ μ•Œμ•„μ°¨λ¦¬κΈ° 전에
04:39
that he was a she.
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μƒλŒ€λ°©μ„ λ§Œλ‚˜λ³΄κΈ°λΌλ„ ν•΄μ•Ό ν–ˆμœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
04:40
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
04:44
My company, called Freelance Programmers, and that's precisely what it was,
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ν”„λ¦¬λžœμŠ€ ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ΄λΌλŠ” 제 νšŒμ‚¬λŠ” 맀우 μž‘μ€ 규λͺ¨λ‘œ μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:51
couldn't have started smaller: on the dining room table,
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식탁 μœ„μ—μ„œ ν˜„μž¬ μ‹œμ„Έλ‘œ 치면 100λ‹¬λŸ¬μ˜ 자금과
04:56
and financed by the equivalent of 100 dollars in today's terms,
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제 노동λ ₯을 자본으둜 ν•΄μ„œ
05:01
and financed by my labor and by borrowing against the house.
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집을 μ €λ‹Ή 작힌 μ±„λ‘œ μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:08
My interests were scientific, the market was commercial --
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제 κ΄€μ‹¬μ‚¬λŠ” μ’€ 더 과학적인 κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆλŠ”λ° μ‹œμž₯의 κ΄€μ‹¬μ‚¬λŠ” μ’€ 더 상업적인 κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
05:14
things such as payroll, which I found rather boring.
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예λ₯Ό λ“€λ©΄ μ œκ°€ μ§€λ£¨ν•΄ν–ˆλ˜ κΈ‰μ—¬ μ§€λΆˆμ— κ΄€ν•œ 것듀이죠.
05:18
So I had to compromise with operational research work,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €λŠ” 제 관심사에 λŒ€ν•΄ 지적 도전을 ν•˜κ³ 
05:23
which had the intellectual challenge that interested me
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고객듀이 μ€‘μš”ν•˜κ²Œ μ—¬κ²Όλ˜ 상업적 κ°€μΉ˜μ— μ§‘μ€‘ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨
05:27
and the commercial value that was valued by the clients:
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경영의 νš¨μœ¨μ„±μ„ λ†’μ΄κΈ°λ‘œ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:34
things like scheduling freight trains,
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ν™”λ¬Όμ—΄μ°¨μ˜ μŠ€μΌ€μ€„μ„ μ‘°μ •ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜
05:40
time-tabling buses, stock control, lots and lots of stock control.
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λ²„μŠ€ λ°°μ°¨ μ‹œκ°„ν‘œλ₯Ό λ§žμΆ”κ³  주식 쑰정을 ν•˜λŠ” λ“±μ˜ 업무λ₯Ό μ²˜λ¦¬ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:46
And eventually, the work came in.
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κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ λŠ” 일이 λ“€μ–΄μ˜€κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμ£ .
05:50
We disguised the domestic and part-time nature of the staff
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 처음으둜 μ§μ›λ“€μ—κ²Œ κ³ μ • μž„κΈˆμ„ μ£Όλ©΄μ„œ
05:54
by offering fixed prices, one of the very first to do so.
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κ°€μ •μ—μ„œ μ‹œκ°„μ œ 업무같이 κ·Όλ¬΄ν•˜λ˜ 그듀을 λ°”κΏ”λ†“μ€κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:59
And who would have guessed that the programming
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그리고 λ„λŒ€μ²΄ λˆ„κ°€, μ§‘μ—μ„œ μΌν•˜λ˜ 여성듀이
06:02
of the black box flight recorder of Supersonic Concord
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μ½©μ½”λ“œ μ΄ˆμŒμ† λΉ„ν–‰κΈ°μ˜ λΈ”λž™λ°•μŠ€ ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž˜λ°μ„
06:06
would have been done by a bunch of women working in their own homes.
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μž‘μ—…ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°μ΄λ‚˜ ν–ˆκ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
06:11
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
06:19
All we used was a simple "trust the staff" approach
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μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²ŒλŠ” 단지 "직원을 믿어라."λΌλŠ” 말과
06:24
and a simple telephone.
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전화기밖에 μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:26
We even used to ask job applicants, "Do you have access to a telephone?"
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ·¨μ—… μ§€λ§μƒμ—κ²Œ "μ „ν™”μ‚¬μš©μ΄ κ°€λŠ₯ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ?"라고 물어보곀 ν–ˆμ£ .
06:34
An early project was to develop software standards
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초창기의 ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈλŠ” 컴퓨터 관리 ν”„λ‘œν† μ½œμ˜
06:37
on management control protocols.
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μ†Œν”„νŠΈμ›¨μ–΄ 기쀀을 κ°œλ°œν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:39
And software was and still is a maddeningly hard-to-control activity,
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그리고 μ†Œν”„νŠΈμ›¨μ–΄λŠ” μ—¬μ „νžˆ λ―ΈμΉ˜λ„λ‘ ν†΅μ œν•˜κΈ° νž˜λ“€κ³ 
06:45
so that was enormously valuable.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ”μš± μ€‘μš”ν•œ μž‘μ—…μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:47
We used the standards ourselves,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 우리만의 기쀀을 μ΄μš©ν–ˆκ³ 
06:49
we were even paid to update them over the years,
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μ‹¬μ§€μ–΄λŠ” μ—…λ°μ΄νŠΈν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 우리 λˆμ„ μ΄μš©ν•˜μ—¬μ„œ
06:52
and eventually, they were adopted by NATO.
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κ²°κ΅­μ—λŠ” 우리의 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ΄ NATOμ—μ„œ μ“°μ΄κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:58
Our programmers -- remember, only women,
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우리의 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ€, 였직 μ—¬μžλ§Œ μžˆλŠ”λ°
07:02
including gay and transgender --
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κ²Œμ΄μ™€ νŠΈλžœμŠ€μ  λ”λ„ ν¬ν•¨ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:05
worked with pencil and paper to develop flowcharts
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μˆœμ„œλ„λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ—°ν•„κ³Ό μ’…μ΄λ‘œ μž‘μ—…ν•œ κ²°κ³Όμ˜€κ³ 
07:10
defining each task to be done.
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이 μˆœμ„œλ„λŠ” 각각의 업무듀이 이루어진 것을 λ³΄μ—¬μ£Όμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:14
And they then wrote code, usually machine code,
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이 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ€ μ½”λ“œλ₯Ό 썼죠, 컴퓨터 μ½”λ“œμΈλ°
07:18
sometimes binary code,
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가끔 이진법 μ½”λ“œλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κΈ°λ„ ν–ˆκ³ μš”.
07:20
which was then sent by mail to a data center
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데이터 센터에 정보λ₯Ό λ³΄λ‚΄μ„œ
07:25
to be punched onto paper tape or card
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μ’…μ΄ν…Œμ΄ν”„λ‚˜ μΉ΄λ“œμ— 그것듀을 찍은 ν›„
07:29
and then re-punched, in order to verify it.
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ν™•μΈν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ λ‹€μ‹œ νŽ€μΉ˜λ₯Ό μ°λŠ” λ°©μ‹μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:34
All this, before it ever got near a computer.
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이 λͺ¨λ“  것이 컴퓨터가 λ‚˜μ˜€κΈ° μ „μ˜ ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:37
That was programming in the early 1960s.
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1960λ…„λŒ€ 초반의 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ΄μ—ˆμ£ .
07:43
In 1975, 13 years from startup,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 1975λ…„, κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆκΉŒ νšŒμ‚¬λ₯Ό μ°½μ—…ν•œμ§€ 13년이 되던 해에
07:48
equal opportunity legislation came in in Britain
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영ꡭ의 기회 κ· λ“±λ²•μœΌλ‘œ 인해
07:51
and that made it illegal to have our pro-female policies.
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μ €ν¬μ˜ μ—¬μ„± μš°λŒ€ 정책이 λΆˆλ²•μ΄ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:58
And as an example of unintended consequences,
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μ˜λ„μΉ˜ μ•Šμ€ 결과의 μ˜ˆλ‘œλŠ”
08:02
my female company had to let the men in.
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제 μ—¬μ„± νšŒμ‚¬κ°€ λ‚¨μž 직원을 λ“€μ˜€λ‹€λŠ” 것이 있겠죠.
08:06
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
08:11
When I started my company of women,
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μ œκ°€ μ—¬μ„±μ˜ νšŒμ‚¬λ₯Ό μ„€λ¦½ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ
08:13
the men said, "How interesting, because it only works because it's small."
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λ‚¨μžλ“€μ€ " νšŒμ‚¬κ°€ μž‘μ•„μ„œ κ·Έλ‚˜λ§ˆ λŒμ•„κ°€λ„€μš”. μ°Έ ν₯λ―Έλ‘­κ΅°μš”." 라고 λ§ν–ˆμ£ .
08:20
And later, as it became sizable, they accepted, "Yes, it is sizable now,
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κ·Έ ν›„, νšŒμ‚¬κ°€ μ»€μ§€μž 그듀은 μ–΄λŠ 정도 μΈμ •ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
"그래, 이제 μ–΄λŠ 정도 νšŒμ‚¬κ°€ μ»€μ‘Œκ΅°μš”. κ·Έλž˜λ„ λ”±νžˆ μ „λž΅μ μœΌλ‘œ ν₯미둜운 점은 μ—†μ–΄μš”."
08:26
but of no strategic interest."
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08:30
And later, when it was a company valued at over three billion dollars,
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그리고 κ·Έ 후에 νšŒμ‚¬κ°€ 30μ–΅μ˜ κ°€μΉ˜λ₯Ό μ§€λ‹Œ νšŒμ‚¬κ°€ 되고
08:37
and I'd made 70 of the staff into millionaires,
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직원듀 쀑 70%λ₯Ό 백만μž₯자둜 λ§Œλ“€μž
08:41
they sort of said, "Well done, Steve!"
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그듀은 λ§ν–ˆμ£ . "μž˜ν–ˆμ–΄, μŠ€ν‹°λΈŒ!"
08:45
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
08:49
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
08:53
You can always tell ambitious women by the shape of our heads:
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ν”νžˆλ“€ 야망 μžˆλŠ” 여성듀을 κ·Έ 머리 λͺ¨μ–‘μ—μ„œ μ•Œ 수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  ν•˜μ£ .
08:58
They're flat on top for being patted patronizingly.
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κ±°λ§Œν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 머리λ₯Ό μ“°λ‹€λ“¬μ–΄μ£Όμ–΄μ„œ 머리가 ν‰ν‰ν•΄μ‘Œλ‹€κ±°λ‚˜
09:01
(Laughter) (Applause)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)(λ°•μˆ˜)
09:07
And we have larger feet to stand away from the kitchen sink.
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발이 μ»€μ„œ λΆ€μ—Œμ˜ μ‹±ν¬λŒ€μ™€λŠ” 거리가 λ©€λ‹€κ³€ ν•˜μ£ .
09:12
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
09:13
Let me share with you two secrets of success:
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성곡에 λŒ€ν•œ 두 가지 비밀을 λ§ν•΄λ“œλ¦΄κΉŒμš”?
09:17
Surround yourself with first-class people and people that you like;
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졜고의 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€, 당신이 μ’‹μ•„ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜ μžˆλ„λ‘ ν•˜μ„Έμš”.
09:23
and choose your partner very, very carefully.
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그리고 λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ νŒŒνŠΈλ„ˆλ₯Ό 맀우, 맀우 κ³ μ‹¬ν•΄μ„œ κ³ λ₯΄μ„Έμš”.
09:30
Because the other day when I said, "My husband's an angel,"
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μ œκ°€ μ˜ˆμ „μ— ν•œ 번 "제 λ‚¨νŽΈμ€ ν•˜λŠ˜λ‚˜λΌμ— μžˆμ–΄μš”."라고 ν–ˆλ”λ‹ˆ
09:33
a woman complained -- "You're lucky," she said,
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ν•œ 여성뢄이 μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λΆˆν‰ν•˜μ‹œλ”λΌκ³ μš”. "당신은 운이 μ’‹κ΅°μš”."
09:35
"mine's still alive."
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"제 λ‚¨νŽΈμ€ 아직 μ‚΄μ•„μžˆμ–΄μš”."
09:37
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
09:45
If success were easy, we'd all be millionaires.
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λ§Œμ•½ 성곡이 μ‰¬μš΄ κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆλ‹€λ©΄ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λͺ¨λ‘ 백만μž₯μžμ˜€κ² μ£ .
09:51
But in my case, it came in the midst of family trauma and indeed, crisis.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 제 κ²½μš°μ—λŠ” 가쑱에 κ΄€ν•œ 좩격과 μœ„κΈ° κ°€μš΄λ° 성곡이 μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:01
Our late son, Giles, was an only child, a beautiful, contented baby.
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μ œκ°€ 늦게 얻은 μ•„λ“€, κΈΈλ¦¬μŠ€λŠ” 아름닡고 ν–‰λ³΅ν•œ μ™Έμ•„λ“€μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:09
And then, at two and a half,
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그리고 아이가 두 μ‚΄ 반이 λ˜μ—ˆμ„ λ•Œ
10:13
like a changeling in a fairy story,
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동화 μ†μ—μ„œ 아이λ₯Ό λ°”κΏ”μΉœ 것 마λƒ₯
10:16
he lost the little speech that he had
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μ•„μ΄λŠ” 말을 μžƒμ—ˆκ³ 
10:20
and turned into a wild, unmanageable toddler.
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κ±°μΉ κ³  λ‹€λ£° 수 μ—†λŠ” 아이가 λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:25
Not the terrible twos;
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κ°€μž₯ νž˜λ“€μ—ˆλ˜ 두 κ°€μ§€λŠ”
10:27
he was profoundly autistic and he never spoke again.
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제 아이가 μ‹¬κ°ν•œ μžνμ¦μ΄μ—ˆλ‹€λŠ” 것이고 λ‹€μ‹œλŠ” 말을 ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:36
Giles was the first resident in the first house of the first charity that I set up
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κΈΈλ¦¬μŠ€λŠ” μ œκ°€ μžνμ•„λ“€μ„ μœ„ν•΄ 처음으둜 λ§Œλ“  μžμ„ λ‹¨μ²΄μ˜
10:41
to pioneer services for autism.
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첫 μ§‘μ˜ 첫 κ±°μ£Όμžμ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:45
And then there's been a groundbreaking Prior's Court school
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μ €λŠ” 자폐 학생듀을 μœ„ν•œ 획기적인 Prior's Court 학ꡐλ₯Ό μ„Έμ› κ³ 
10:48
for pupils with autism
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10:50
and a medical research charity, again, all for autism.
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μžνμ•„λ“€μ„ μœ„ν•œ μ˜ν•™ 연ꡬ μžμ„ λ‹¨μ²΄λ„ μ„Έμ› μ£ .
10:54
Because whenever I found a gap in services, I tried to help.
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μ œκ°€ μ„œλΉ„μŠ€μ˜ 결함을 λŠλ‚„ λ•Œλ§ˆλ‹€ λ„μš°λ €κ³  ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:01
I like doing new things and making new things happen.
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μ €λŠ” μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 일을 ν•˜λŠ” 것과 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜κ²Œ ν•˜λŠ” 것을 μ’‹μ•„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:06
And I've just started a three-year think tank for autism.
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그리고 μ œκ°€ μžνμ•„λ“€μ„ μœ„ν•œ μ—°κ΅¬μ†Œλ₯Ό λ§Œλ“  지 삼년이 λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:13
And so that some of my wealth does go back to the industry from which it stems,
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λ˜ν•œ μ‚°μ—…μ—μ„œ λ‚˜μ˜¨ 제 λΆ€κ°€ λ‹€μ‹œ μ‚°μ—…μœΌλ‘œ λŒμ•„κ°€λ„λ‘
11:18
I've also founded the Oxford Internet Institute
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μ˜₯μŠ€νΌλ“œ 인터넷 ν˜‘νšŒμ™€
11:22
and other IT ventures.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ IT λ²€μ²˜λ“€μ„ μ„€λ¦½ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:24
The Oxford Internet Institute focuses not on the technology,
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μ˜₯μŠ€νΌλ“œ 인터넷 ν˜‘νšŒλŠ” 인터넷 기술뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
11:28
but on the social, economic, legal and ethical issues of the Internet.
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인터넷에 λŒ€ν•œ λͺ¨λ“  μ‚¬νšŒ, 경제, 법과 윀리적 λ¬Έμ œλ“€μ„ λ‹€λ£Ήλ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:35
Giles died unexpectedly 17 years ago now.
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κΈΈλ¦¬μŠ€λŠ” μ§€κΈˆμœΌλ‘œλΆ€ν„° 17λ…„ μ „ κ°‘μž‘μŠ€λŸ½κ²Œ 세상을 λ– λ‚¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:42
And I have learned to live without him,
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그리고 μ €λŠ” κ·Έ 아이 없이 μ‚¬λŠ” 법을 λ°°μ› κ³ 
11:46
and I have learned to live without his need of me.
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더 이상 제 도움을 ν•„μš”λ‘œ ν•˜λŠ” κ·Έ 아이가 μ—†λŠ” μ±„λ‘œ μ‚΄μ•„κ°€λŠ” 법을 λ°°μ› μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:51
Philanthropy is all that I do now.
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μžμ„  ν™œλ™μ€ 이제 μ œκ°€ ν•˜λŠ” μ „λΆ€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:54
I need never worry about getting lost
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μ €λŠ” μ ˆλŒ€ 제 길을 μžƒμ–΄λ²„λ¦΄ μ—Όλ €λ₯Ό ν•  ν•„μš”κ°€ μ—†μ£ .
11:57
because several charities would quickly come and find me.
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λͺ‡λͺ‡ μžμ„ λ‹¨μ²΄κ°€ 재빨리 μ €λ₯Ό 찾아와 도와쀄 ν…Œλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
12:00
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
12:12
It's one thing to have an idea for an enterprise,
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이것은 사업 μ•„μ΄λ””μ–΄μ˜ ν•œ λ°©λ²•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:16
but as many people in this room will know,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μ•„μ‹œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό
12:19
making it happen is a very difficult thing
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그건 맀우 νž˜λ“  μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:22
and it demands extraordinary energy, self-belief and determination,
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μ—„μ²­λ‚œ 힘, 신념과 λ‹¨ν˜Έν•¨,
κ°€μ‘±κ³Ό 가정을 희생할 용기,
12:30
the courage to risk family and home,
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κ°•λ°•μ μœΌλ‘œ μΌν•˜λŠ” ν—Œμ‹ μ΄ ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:34
and a 24/7 commitment that borders on the obsessive.
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12:39
So it's just as well that I'm a workaholic.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €λŠ” 거의 μΌμ€‘λ…μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:43
I believe in the beauty of work when we do it properly and in humility.
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μ €λŠ” κ²Έμ†ν•˜κ³  μ μ ˆν•˜κ²Œ 일을 ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμ˜ 아름닀움을 λ―ΏμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:50
Work is not just something I do when I'd rather be doing something else.
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일은 κ·Έμ € '차라리 λ‹€λ₯Έ 것이 λ‚«κ² λ‹€.'라고 μƒκ°ν•΄μ„œ μ‹œμž‘ν•˜λŠ” 게 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:57
We live our lives forward.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 우리의 삢을 μ‚΄μ•„κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:59
So what has all that taught me?
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 이 λͺ¨λ“  것듀이 μ €μ—κ²Œ 무엇을 κ°€λ₯΄μ³ μ£Όμ—ˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
13:04
I learned that tomorrow's never going to be like today,
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μ €λŠ” 내일이 μ ˆλŒ€ 였늘과 같지 μ•ŠμœΌλ¦¬λΌλŠ” 것과
13:07
and certainly nothing like yesterday.
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μ ˆλŒ€ μ–΄μ œμ™€λ„ 같지 μ•ŠμœΌλ¦¬λΌλŠ” 것을 λ°°μ› μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:10
And that made me able to cope with change,
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그것은 μ œκ°€ 변화에 λŒ€μ²˜ν•  수 있게 해쀬고,
13:14
indeed, eventually to welcome change,
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μ •λ§λ‘œ λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό 받아듀일 수 있게 ν•΄μ€¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:18
though I'm told I'm still very difficult.
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아직도 κΉŒλ‹€λ‘­λ‹€λŠ” 말을 λ“£κΈ°λŠ” ν•˜μ§€λ§Œμš”.
13:23
Thank you very much.
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이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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