Dan Barber: How I fell in love with a fish

359,280 views ใƒป 2010-03-10

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Clair Han ๊ฒ€ํ† : MunJeong Kyung
00:16
So, I've known a lot of fish in my life.
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์ €๋Š” ์‚ด๋ฉด์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ์ƒ์„ ์„ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ๋Š”๋ฐ
00:20
I've loved only two.
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์ง„์ • ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•œ ๊ฑด ๋‘ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ ๋ฟ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
That first one,
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์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ƒ์„ ๊ณผ๋Š”
00:25
it was more like a passionate affair.
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์—ด์ •์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์— ๋น ์ ธ๋“ค์—ˆ์ฃ .
00:28
It was a beautiful fish:
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์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ์ƒ์„ ์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
00:30
flavorful, textured, meaty,
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ํ’๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹๊ณ  ์‚ด๋„ ๋งŽ์œผ๋ฉด์„œ ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์›Œ์„œ
00:33
a bestseller on the menu.
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๋ฉ”๋‰ด ์ค‘์—์„œ๋„ ๋ฒ ์ŠคํŠธ์…€๋Ÿฌ์˜€์ฃ .
00:35
What a fish.
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๋‹ค์‹  ์—†์„ ์ƒ์„ ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
00:37
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
00:40
Even better,
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ด ์ƒ์„ ์€
00:42
it was farm-raised to the supposed highest standards
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์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ถ”๊ตฌํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ์†Œ๋ฌธ๋‚œ
00:45
of sustainability.
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์–‘์‹์žฅ์—์„œ ๊ธธ๋Ÿฌ์ง„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ์„œ
00:48
So you could feel good about selling it.
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์š”๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํŒ”๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ๋ฟŒ๋“ฏํ–ˆ์ฃ .
00:52
I was in a relationship with this beauty
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ์˜ˆ์œ ์ƒ์„ ๊ณผ
00:54
for several months.
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๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ๊ฐ„ ์—ด์• ์— ๋น ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:58
One day, the head of the company called
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์–ด๋Š ๋‚  ์ด ์–‘์‹์žฅ ์‚ฌ์žฅ๋‹˜์ด ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ•˜์‹œ๋”๋‹ˆ
01:00
and asked if I'd speak at an event
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์ €๋ณด๊ณ  ์ž๊ธฐ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ ์–‘์‹๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ
01:02
about the farm's sustainability.
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๊ฐ•์—ฐ์„ ํ•ด๋‹ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€ํƒ์„ ํ•˜์…จ์–ด์š”.
01:04
"Absolutely," I said.
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์ €๋Š” "๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ๊ทธ๋ž˜์•ผ์ฃ "๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
01:06
Here was a company trying to solve
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์ด ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์…ฐํ”„๋“ค์ด ์—„๋‘๋„ ๋ชป๋ƒˆ๋˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ
01:09
what's become this unimaginable problem for us chefs:
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ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
01:13
How do we keep fish on our menus?
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"์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ”๋‰ด์— ๊ณ„์† ์ƒ์„ ์„ ์˜ฌ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ?"๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:17
For the past 50 years,
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์ง€๋‚œ 50๋…„๊ฐ„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
01:20
we've been fishing the seas
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์‚ผ๋ฆผ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฒŒํ•˜๋“ฏ
01:22
like we clear-cut forests.
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๋ฐ”๋‹ค์˜ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋“ค์„ ๋งˆ๊ตฌ ์žก์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:25
It's hard to overstate the destruction.
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ํ™ฉํํ•ด์กŒ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ง๋„ ๋ชปํ•  ์ง€๊ฒฝ์ด์ฃ .
01:30
Ninety percent of large fish, the ones we love --
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ํฐ ์ƒ์„ ๋“ค์˜ 90ํผ์„ผํŠธ,
01:33
the tunas, the halibuts, the salmons, swordfish --
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์ฐธ์น˜, ๊ฐ€์ž๋ฏธ, ์—ฐ์–ด, ํ™ฉ์ƒˆ์น˜ ๋“ฑ์ด
01:36
they've collapsed.
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์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ์—†์–ด์กŒ์–ด์š”.
01:38
There's almost nothing left.
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๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋‚จ์€ ๊ฒŒ ์—†์ฃ .
01:41
So, for better or for worse,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‹ซ๋“  ์ข‹๋“  ๊ฐ„์—
01:44
aquaculture, fish farming, is going to be a part of our future.
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์—๋Š” ์ˆ˜์‚ฐ ์–‘์‹์—…์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:47
A lot of arguments against it:
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๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ ์˜๊ฒฌ๋„ ๋งŽ์ฃ .
01:49
Fish farms pollute -- most of them do anyway --
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์–‘์–ด์žฅ์€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์ˆ˜์งˆ์„ ์˜ค์—ผ์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:52
and they're inefficient. Take tuna,
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๋˜ ๋น„ํšจ์œจ์ ์ด์ฃ . ์ฐธ์น˜๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฉด
01:54
a major drawback.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์น˜๋ช…์ ์ธ ์•ฝ์ ์€
01:56
It's got a feed conversion ratio
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์‚ฌ๋ฃŒํšจ์œจ์ด
01:58
of 15 to one.
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15:1 ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
That means it takes fifteen pounds of wild fish
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๋ฌด์Šจ ๋ง์ด๋ƒ๋ฉด ์ž์—ฐ์‚ฐ ์ƒ์„  15ํŒŒ์šด๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์—ฌ์•ผ
02:02
to get you one pound of farm tuna.
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์–‘์‹ ์ฐธ์น˜ 1ํŒŒ์šด๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์–˜๊ธฐ์ฃ .
02:06
Not very sustainable.
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๋ณ„๋กœ ์ง€์† ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
02:08
It doesn't taste very good either.
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๊ทธ๋‹ฅ ๋ง›๋„ ์—†์–ด์š”.
02:11
So here, finally,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ๋“œ๋””์–ด
02:13
was a company trying to do it right.
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์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ•ด๋ณด๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:15
I wanted to support them.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ง€์ง€ํ•ด ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์ฃ .
02:18
The day before the event,
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๊ฐ•์—ฐ ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ „๋‚ 
02:20
I called the head of P.R. for the company.
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์ด ํšŒ์‚ฌ PR ๋‹ด๋‹น์—๊ฒŒ ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:23
Let's call him Don.
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ '๋ˆ'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ•˜์ฃ .
02:27
"Don," I said, "just to get the facts straight, you guys are famous
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"๋ˆ, ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์ข€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์„œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋‹น์‹  ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ๋จผ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์—์„œ
02:30
for farming so far out to sea, you don't pollute."
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์–‘์‹์„ ํ•ด์„œ ์˜ค์—ผ์„ ์•ˆ ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ๋กœ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ ?"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:33
"That's right," he said. "We're so far out,
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"๋งž์•„์š”. ์•„์ฃผ ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ์„œ ์–‘์‹์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
02:36
the waste from our fish gets distributed,
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ํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ์ด ์ง‘์ค‘๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋ถ„์‚ฐ๋ผ์š”."๋ผ๊ณ 
02:39
not concentrated."
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๋ˆ์ด ๋งํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
02:41
And then he added,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด์„œ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธธ
02:43
"We're basically a world unto ourselves.
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"์ผ์ข…์˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋งŒ์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ฃ .
02:47
That feed conversion ratio? 2.5 to one," he said.
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์‚ฌ๋ฃŒํšจ์œจ์ด์š”? 2.5:1 ์ด์—์š”"๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:50
"Best in the business."
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"์—…๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์ฃ ."
02:52
2.5 to one, great.
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2.5:1์ด๋ผ. ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•˜๋„ค์š”.
02:54
"2.5 what? What are you feeding?"
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"๋ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด 2.5:1 ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ๋ญ˜ ๋จน์ด์ฃ ?"
02:56
"Sustainable proteins," he said.
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"์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์ด์š”" ๋ˆ์ด ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:59
"Great," I said. Got off the phone.
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"๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ตฐ์š”"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋Š์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:02
And that night, I was lying in bed, and I thought:
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๊ทธ ๋‚  ๋ฐค์— ์นจ๋Œ€์— ๋ˆ„์›Œ์„œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์ฃ .
03:05
What the hell is a sustainable protein?
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๋„๋Œ€์ฒด ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์ด๋ž€ ๊ฒŒ ๋ญ์ง€?
03:07
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
03:12
So the next day, just before the event, I called Don.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‚  ๊ฐ•์—ฐ ์ง์ „์— ๋ˆํ•œํ…Œ ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
03:14
I said, "Don, what are some examples of sustainable proteins?"
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"๋ˆ, ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์—๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์ฃ ?"
03:18
He said he didn't know. He would ask around.
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๋ˆ์€ ์ž๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
03:21
Well, I got on the phone with a few people in the company;
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ†ตํ™”๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋๋Š”๋ฐ
03:23
no one could give me a straight answer
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์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‹ต์„ ๋ชปํ•ด์ฃผ๋”๋‹ˆ
03:26
until finally, I got on the phone
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์—๋Š”
03:29
with the head biologist.
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์ฑ…์ž„ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์ž์™€ ํ†ตํ™”๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:31
Let's call him Don too.
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์ด๋ฆ„๋„ '๋ˆ'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์น˜์ฃ .
03:33
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
03:37
"Don," I said,
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"๋ˆ," ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์ฃ .
03:39
"what are some examples of sustainable proteins?"
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"์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์—๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?"
03:42
Well, he mentioned some algaes
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๋ˆ์€ ๊ฐ์ข… ํ•ด์กฐ๋ฅ˜,
03:44
and some fish meals,
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๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ,
03:46
and then he said chicken pellets.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ญ๊ณ ๊ธฐ ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์–˜๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
I said, "Chicken pellets?"
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"๋‹ญ๊ณ ๊ธฐ ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ์š”?" ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์ฃ .
03:50
He said, "Yeah, feathers, skin,
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๋ˆ์€ "๋„ค, ๊นƒํ„ธ, ๊ป์งˆ,
03:52
bone meal, scraps,
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๋ผˆ,์ฐŒ๊บผ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑธ
03:54
dried and processed into feed."
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๊ฑด์กฐ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•ด์„œ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“  ๊ฑฐ์—์š”."๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:57
I said, "What percentage
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์ฃ . "์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ ์ค‘
03:59
of your feed is chicken?"
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๋‹ญ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ช‡ ํผ์„ผํŠธ๋‚˜ ๋˜์ฃ ?"
04:02
Thinking, you know, two percent.
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๋ญ 2ํผ์„ผํŠธ์ฏค ๋˜๋ ค๋‚˜ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
04:05
"Well, it's about 30 percent," he said.
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๋ˆ ์–˜๊ธฐ๋Š” "๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, 30ํผ์„ผํŠธ ์ •๋„์š”"๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:08
I said, "Don, what's sustainable
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์ €๋Š” "๋ˆ, ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐํ•œํ…Œ ๋‹ญ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ
04:11
about feeding chicken to fish?"
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด์ฃ ?"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:13
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:18
There was a long pause on the line,
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์ˆ˜ํ™”๊ธฐ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํŽธ์—์„œ ํ•œ์ฐธ ๋ง์ด ์—†๋”๋‹ˆ
04:21
and he said, "There's just too much chicken in the world."
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"์„ธ์ƒ์—” ๋‹ญ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ž–์•„์š”"ํ•˜๋”๋ผ๊ตฌ์š”.
04:24
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:30
I fell out of love with this fish.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ƒ์„ ์—๊ฒŒ ์• ์ •์ด ์‹์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:32
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:34
No, not because I'm some self-righteous,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ €๋งŒ ์ž˜๋‚ฌ๊ณ 
04:37
goody-two shoes foodie.
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์œตํ†ต์„ฑ ์—†๋Š” ๋ฏธ์‹๊ฐ€์—ฌ์„œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฑด ์•„๋…œ์š”.
04:39
I actually am.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ธดํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ.
04:41
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:43
No, I actually fell out of love with this fish because, I swear to God,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์ƒ์„ ์—๊ฒŒ ์• ์ •์ด ์‹์€ ๊ฑด, ๋งน์„ธ์ปจ๋Œ€
04:45
after that conversation, the fish tasted like chicken.
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๊ทธ ์ „ํ™” ํ†ตํ™” ํ›„๋กœ ์ƒ์„ ์—์„œ ๋‹ญ๊ณ ๊ธฐ ๋ง›์ด ๋‚ฌ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์—์š”.
04:48
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:58
This second fish,
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๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ƒ์„ ๊ณผ์˜ ๋Ÿฌ๋ธŒ์Šคํ† ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
05:01
it's a different kind of love story.
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์ข€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์–˜๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:04
It's the romantic kind,
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๋กœ๋งจํ‹ฑํ•œ ์Šคํ† ๋ฆฌ์ฃ .
05:07
the kind where the more you get to know your fish,
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์ƒ์„ ์„ ์•Œ๋ฉด ์•Œ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ ์  ๋”
05:10
you love the fish.
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์‚ฌ๋ž‘์— ๋น ์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์–˜๊ธฐ ์•„์‹œ์ฃ ?
05:13
I first ate it at a restaurant
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์ฒ˜์Œ ๋ง›์„ ๋ณธ ๊ฑด
05:15
in southern Spain.
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์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ ๋‚จ๋ถ€์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹๋‹น์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:17
A journalist friend had been talking about this fish for a long time.
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๊ธฐ์ž ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€ ์ƒ์„ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉฐ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์–˜๊ธธ ํ–ˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
05:20
She kind of set us up.
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์šฐ๋ฆด ์†Œ๊ฐœํŒ… ์‹œ์ผœ ์ค€๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
05:22
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
05:24
It came to the table
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ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ”์— ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•œ ๊ทธ ์ƒ์„ ์€
05:26
a bright, almost shimmering, white color.
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ํ™˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐ˜์ง๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํฐ๋น›์„ ๋„๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
05:31
The chef had overcooked it.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์…ฐํ”„๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋งŒ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ตํ˜€๋ฒ„๋ ธ์–ด์š”.
05:34
Like twice over.
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๋‘ ๋ฐฐ๋กœ.
05:37
Amazingly, it was still delicious.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ๋„ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋ง›์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
05:40
Who can make a fish taste good
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๋„๋Œ€์ฒด ์–ด๋–ค ์…ฐํ”„๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ต์€ ์ƒ์„ ๋„
05:44
after it's been overcooked?
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๋ง›์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
05:46
I can't,
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์ „ ๋ชปํ•ด์š”.
05:48
but this guy can.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:50
Let's call him Miguel --
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์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์ด๋ฆ„์ด ๋ฏธ๊ตฌ์—˜์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์น˜์ฃ .
05:52
actually his name is Miguel.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ด๋ฆ„์ด ๋ฏธ๊ตฌ์—˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
05:57
And no, he didn't cook the fish, and he's not a chef,
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๋ฏธ๊ตฌ์—˜์ด ์ง์ ‘ ์ƒ์„ ์„ ๊ตฌ์šด ๊ฑด ์•„๋…œ์š”. ์…ฐํ”„๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:59
at least in the way that you and I understand it.
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์ ์–ด๋„ ์ €๋‚˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์…ฐํ”„๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ .
06:03
He's a biologist
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๋ฏธ๊ตฌ์—˜์€ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:05
at Veta La Palma.
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๋ฒ ํƒ€๋ผํŒ”๋งˆ์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜์ฃ .
06:07
It's a fish farm in the southwestern corner of Spain.
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์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ ๋‚จ์„œ๋ถ€ ๋์ž๋ฝ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์–‘์–ด์žฅ์ธ๋ฐ
06:10
It's at the tip of the Guadalquivir river.
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๊ณผ๋‹ฌํ‚ค๋น„๋ฅด ๊ฐ• ๋์— ์ž๋ฆฌ์žก๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:13
Until the 1980s,
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1980๋…„๋Œ€๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด ์–‘์–ด์žฅ์€
06:15
the farm was in the hands of the Argentinians.
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์•„๋ฅดํ—จํ‹ฐ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ์†Œ์œ ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:18
They raised beef cattle
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์‹ค์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์Šต์ง€์ธ ๊ณณ์ธ๋ฐ
06:20
on what was essentially wetlands.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์œกํ–ˆ์ฃ .
06:23
They did it by draining the land.
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์Šต์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ง๋ ค์„œ ๋ชฉ์ถ•์„ ํ•œ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:25
They built this intricate series of canals,
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๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์„œ
06:28
and they pushed water off the land and out into the river.
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์Šต์ง€์˜ ๋ฌผ์„ ๊ฐ•์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค ๋นผ๋‚ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ ๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
06:32
Well, they couldn't make it work,
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์ฃ .
06:34
not economically.
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๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š”์š”.
06:36
And ecologically, it was a disaster.
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์ƒํƒœ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์žฌ์•™์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
06:39
It killed like 90 percent of the birds,
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์ƒˆ๋“ค์˜ 90ํผ์„ผํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์ฃฝ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
06:41
which, for this place, is a lot of birds.
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์ด ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋งŒํผ์€ ์•„์ฃผ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:44
And so in 1982,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ 1982๋…„์—
06:46
a Spanish company with an environmental conscience
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ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์  ์–‘์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
06:48
purchased the land.
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์ด ์Šต์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งค์ž…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:50
What did they do?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ญ˜ ํ–ˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
06:52
They reversed the flow of water.
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๋ฌผ์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟจ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:54
They literally flipped the switch.
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๋ง ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์Šค์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ˆ„๋ฅธ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
06:56
Instead of pushing water out,
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๋ฌผ์„ ๋นผ๋‚ด๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ 
06:58
they used the channels to pull water back in.
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์ˆ˜๋กœ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ์–ด๋“ค์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:00
They flooded the canals.
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์ˆ˜๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋ฒ”๋žŒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ 
07:02
They created a 27,000-acre fish farm --
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2๋งŒ7์ฒœ ์—์ด์ปค์˜ ์–‘์–ด์žฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:06
bass, mullet,
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๋†์–ด, ์ˆญ์–ด,
07:08
shrimp, eel --
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์ƒˆ์šฐ, ์žฅ์–ด ๋“ฑ๋“ฑ์„ ์–‘์‹ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
07:11
and in the process, Miguel and this company
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๋ฏธ๊ตฌ์—˜๊ณผ ์ด ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š”
07:14
completely reversed the ecological destruction.
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์ƒํƒœ์  ํŒŒ๊ดด ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์—ญ์ „์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:18
The farm's incredible.
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์ •๋ง ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์–‘์–ด์žฅ์ด์ฃ .
07:20
I mean, you've never seen anything like this.
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์ „ํ˜€ ๋ณธ ์  ์—†๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์–‘์‹์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:23
You stare out at a horizon
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์ง€ํ‰์„  ๋„ˆ๋จธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋ฉด
07:26
that is a million miles away,
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๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋งˆ์ผ ์ •๋„์— ๊ฑธ์ณ์„œ
07:28
and all you see are flooded canals
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๋ฒ”๋žŒํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋กœ๋“ค๊ณผ
07:30
and this thick, rich marshland.
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๋‘๊ป๊ณ  ํ’์š”๋กœ์šด ์Šต์ง€๊ฐ€ ํŽผ์ณ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:35
I was there not long ago with Miguel.
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์–ผ๋งˆ์ „์— ๊ทธ ๊ณณ์— ๋ฏธ๊ตฌ์—˜๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
07:38
He's an amazing guy,
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์ •๋ง ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์—์š”.
07:41
like three parts Charles Darwin and one part Crocodile Dundee.
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3/4์€ ์ฐฐ์Šค ๋‹ค์œˆ, 1/4์€ ํฌ๋กœ์ปค๋‹ค์ผ ๋˜๋””(์˜ํ™” ์ฃผ์ธ๊ณต) ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
07:44
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
07:46
Okay? There we are slogging through the wetlands,
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์ƒ์ƒ์ด ๋˜์„ธ์š”? ๋‘˜์ด ์Šต์ง€๋ฅผ ํ—ค์น˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
07:50
and I'm panting and sweating, got mud up to my knees,
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์ €๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ฆŽ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ป˜์— ๋น ์ ธ์„œ ๋•€์„ ๋ป˜๋ป˜ ํ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฉด์„œ ํ—๋–ก๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
07:52
and Miguel's calmly conducting a biology lecture.
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๋ฏธ๊ตฌ์—˜์€ ์ฐจ๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
07:56
Here, he's pointing out a rare Black-shouldered Kite.
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์ €๊ธฐ ํฌ๊ท€ํ•œ ๊ฒ€์€์ฃฝ์ง€์†”๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ค๋‹ค๊ฐ€
07:59
Now, he's mentioning the mineral needs of phytoplankton.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„  ์‹๋ฌผ์„ฑ ํ”Œ๋ž‘ํฌํ†ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฏธ๋„ค๋ž„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
08:03
And here, here he sees a grouping pattern
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋˜ ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ์ง“๋Š” ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๋ณด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
08:06
that reminds him of the Tanzanian Giraffe.
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ํƒ„์ž๋‹ˆ์•„ ๊ธฐ๋ฆฐ๋–ผ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋‚œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹์ด์ฃ .
08:11
It turns out, Miguel spent the better part of his career
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์•Œ๊ณ ๋ณด๋‹ˆ ๋ฏธ๊ตฌ์—˜์€ ๊ฝค ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ
08:14
in the Mikumi National Park in Africa.
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์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ๋ฏธ์ฟ ๋ฏธ ๊ตญ๋ฆฝ๊ณต์›์—์„œ ์ผ์„ ํ–ˆ๋”๋ผ๊ตฌ์š”.
08:17
I asked him how he became
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์ €๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตฌ์—˜์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ
08:19
such an expert on fish.
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๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ดค์ฃ .
08:21
He said, "Fish? I didn't know anything about fish.
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๋ฏธ๊ตฌ์—˜์€ "๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ? ๋‚œ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ชฐ๋ผ์š”.
08:24
I'm an expert in relationships."
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์ €๋Š” ๊ด€๊ณ„ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์—์š”"๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:27
And then he's off, launching into more talk
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋”๋‹ˆ ๋‹ค์‹œ
08:29
about rare birds and algaes
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ํฌ๊ท€ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋ฉฐ ํ•ด์กฐ๋ฅ˜,
08:31
and strange aquatic plants.
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์ด์ƒํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ค‘ ์‹๋ฌผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์„ค๋ช…์„ ๋Š˜์–ด๋†“๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
08:33
And don't get me wrong, that was really fascinating, you know,
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์˜คํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ ์–˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ‹์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:36
the biotic community unplugged, kind of thing.
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์ผ์ข…์˜ ์–ธํ”Œ๋Ÿฌ๊ทธ๋“œ ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„์ธ๋ฐ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ฉ‹์ง€์ฃ .
08:39
It's great, but I was in love.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋งŒ ์ „ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์— ๋น ์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์ž–์•„์š”.
08:42
And my head was swooning over that
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์ œ ๋จธ๋ฆฟ ์†์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ „๋‚  ๋จน์—ˆ๋˜
08:45
overcooked piece of delicious fish I had the night before.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ตํ˜€๋„ ๋ง›์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒ์„ ์— ์ทจํ•ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
08:48
So I interrupted him. I said,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฏธ๊ตฌ์—˜์˜ ๋ง์„ ์ž๋ฅด๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:50
"Miguel, what makes your fish taste so good?"
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"๋ฏธ๊ตฌ์—˜, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ƒ์„ ์€ ์™œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ง›์ด ์ข‹์•„์š”?"
08:52
He pointed at the algae.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•ด์กฐ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:54
"I know, dude, the algae, the phytoplankton,
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"์•Œ์•„์š” ์•Œ์•„, ํ•ด์กฐ๋ฅ˜, ์‹๋ฌผ์„ฑ ํ”Œ๋ž‘ํฌํ†ค
08:57
the relationships: It's amazing.
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๊ด€๊ณ„. ๋‹ค ์ข‹์ฃ .
09:00
But what are your fish eating?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐํ•œํ…Œ ๋ญ˜ ๋จน์ด์ฃ ?
09:02
What's the feed conversion ratio?"
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์‚ฌ๋ฃŒํšจ์œจ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋˜์š”?"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์ฃ .
09:05
Well, he goes on to tell me
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๋ฏธ๊ตฌ์—˜์ด ๋งํ•˜๊ธธ
09:09
it's such a rich system
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ’์š”๋กœ์šด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์•ˆ์—์„œ๋Š”
09:11
that the fish are eating what they'd be eating in the wild.
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๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋“ค์ด ์ž์—ฐ์‚ฐ๊ณผ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑธ ๋จน๋Š”๋‹ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:14
The plant biomass, the phytoplankton,
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์‹๋ฌผ ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค๋งค์Šค, ์‹๋ฌผ์„ฑ ํ”Œ๋ž‘ํฌํ†ค
09:17
the zooplankton, it's what feeds the fish.
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๋™๋ฌผ์„ฑ ํ”Œ๋ž‘ํฌํ†ค ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑธ ๋จน๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
09:19
The system is so healthy,
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์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•ด์„œ
09:21
it's totally self-renewing.
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์™„์ „ํ•œ ์ž๊ฐ€ ์žฌ์ƒ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:23
There is no feed.
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์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์ „ํ˜€ ํ•„์š”์—†๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
09:26
Ever heard of a farm that doesn't feed its animals?
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์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ ์•ˆ ์ฃผ๋Š” ์–‘์‹์žฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์‹  ์  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
09:33
Later that day, I was driving around this property with Miguel,
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๊ทธ ๋‚  ๋ฏธ๊ตฌ์—˜๊ณผ ์–‘์–ด์žฅ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์„ ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๊ฐ€
09:35
and I asked him, I said, "For a place that seems so natural,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ฒœ์—ฐ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ์–‘์‹์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด
09:39
unlike like any farm I'd ever been at,
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ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ๋„ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†๋Š”๋ฐ
09:44
how do you measure success?"
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์„ฑ๊ณต ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์ฃ ?"
09:47
At that moment, it was as if
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ๋•Œ, ๋งˆ์น˜ ์˜ํ™”๊ฐ๋…์ด ์„ธํŠธ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ์„
09:50
a film director called for a set change.
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์ง€์‹œํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋ฒŒ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:52
And we rounded the corner
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์ฝ”๋„ˆ๋ฅผ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
09:54
and saw the most amazing sight:
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ด‘๊ฒฝ์ด ํŽผ์ณ์ง„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:56
thousands and thousands of pink flamingos,
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์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ•‘ํฌ ํ”Œ๋ผ๋ฐ๊ณ  ๋–ผ๋“ค์ด ๋ชจ์—ฌ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
09:59
a literal pink carpet for as far as you could see.
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๋ˆˆ ์•ž์— ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ณณ๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋ถ„ํ™์ƒ‰ ์นดํŽซ์„ ๊น”์•„๋…ผ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•˜์ฃ .
10:03
"That's success," he said.
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"์ €๊ฒŒ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ด์ฃ " ๋ฏธ๊ตฌ์—˜์ด ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:06
"Look at their bellies, pink.
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"์Ÿค๋“ค ๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๋ถ„ํ™์ƒ‰์ด์ฃ .
10:08
They're feasting."
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ํฌ์‹ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์—์š”."
10:10
Feasting? I was totally confused.
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ํฌ์‹? ์ €๋Š” ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์› ์ฃ .
10:12
I said, "Miguel, aren't they feasting on your fish?"
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"๋ฏธ๊ตฌ์—˜, ๋‹น์‹  ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋“ค์„ ์žก์•„๋จน๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ ์•„๋…œ์š”?"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์ฃ .
10:14
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
10:16
"Yes," he said.
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"๋งž์•„์š”!"๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
10:18
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
10:24
"We lose 20 percent of our fish
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"์šฐ๋ฆฐ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ์™€ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ ์•Œ์˜ 20ํผ์„ผํŠธ๋ฅผ
10:26
and fish eggs to birds.
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์ƒˆ๋“คํ•œํ…Œ ๋บ๊ธฐ์ฃ .
10:30
Well, last year, this property
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์ž‘๋…„์—๋Š” ์ด ์–‘์–ด์žฅ์—
10:32
had 600,000 birds on it,
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์ƒˆ๋“ค์ด 60๋งŒ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜ ์™”์–ด์š”.
10:34
more than 250 different species.
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์ข…๋ฅ˜๋„ 250๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋„˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
10:36
It's become, today, the largest
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์—์„œ
10:39
and one of the most important
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ
10:42
private bird sanctuaries in all of Europe."
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๋ฏผ๊ฐ„ ์กฐ๋ฅ˜ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๊ตฌ์—ญ์ด ๋์–ด์š”."
10:46
I said, "Miguel, isn't a thriving bird population
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์ฃ . "๋ฏธ๊ตฌ์—˜, ์ƒˆ๋–ผ๊ฐ€ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ
10:49
like the last thing you want on a fish farm?"
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์–‘์–ด์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ œ์ผ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ ์•„๋‹Œ๊ฐ€์š”?"
10:51
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
10:53
He shook his head, no.
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๋ฏธ๊ตฌ์—˜์€ ๊ณ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์ €์œผ๋ฉด์„œ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:55
He said, "We farm extensively,
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"์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํฌ๊ด„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–‘์‹ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:58
not intensively.
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์ง‘์•ฝ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ž€ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
11:01
This is an ecological network.
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์ด๊ฑด ์ƒํƒœ์  ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์—์š”.
11:04
The flamingos eat the shrimp.
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ํ”Œ๋ผ๋ฐ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ์ƒˆ์šฐ๋ฅผ ๋จน๊ณ 
11:06
The shrimp eat the phytoplankton.
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์ƒˆ์šฐ๋Š” ์‹๋ฌผ์„ฑ ํ”Œ๋ž‘ํฌํ†ค์„ ๋จน์ฃ .
11:08
So the pinker the belly,
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ํ”Œ๋ผ๋ฐ๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ„ํ™์ƒ‰์ด ๋ ์ˆ˜๋ก
11:10
the better the system."
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์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ๋” ์ข‹์•„์ง€๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์—์š”"
11:13
Okay, so let's review:
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณต์Šต์„ ํ•ด๋ณด์ฃ .
11:15
a farm that doesn't feed its animals,
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๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ์—๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์•ˆ ์ฃผ๋Š” ์–‘์–ด์žฅ,
11:18
and a farm that measures its success
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์„ฑ๊ณต์˜ ์ธก์ • ๊ธฐ์ค€์„
11:21
on the health of its predators.
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ํฌ์‹์ž์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ๋‘๋Š” ์–‘์–ด์žฅ,
11:23
A fish farm, but also a bird sanctuary.
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์–‘์–ด์žฅ์ด๋ฉด์„œ ๋™์‹œ์— ์กฐ๋ฅ˜ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๊ตฌ์—ญ์ธ ๊ณณ.
11:26
Oh, and by the way, those flamingos,
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์ฐธ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ทธ ํ”Œ๋ผ๋ฐ๊ณ ๋“ค์€
11:28
they shouldn't even be there in the first place.
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์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ ์‚ด๋˜ ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:30
They brood in a town
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์ด ์ƒˆ๋“ค์€ 150 ๋งˆ์ผ ๋–จ์–ด์ง„
11:32
150 miles away,
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๋งˆ์„์—์„œ ์•Œ์„ ํ’ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
11:34
where the soil conditions
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ ํ† ์–‘์ด ๋‘ฅ์ง€๋ฅผ ํŠธ๋Š”๋ฐ
11:36
are better for building nests.
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๋” ์ข‹๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ž˜์š”.
11:38
Every morning, they fly
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๋งค์ผ ์•„์นจ ์ด ์ƒˆ๋“ค์ด
11:40
150 miles into the farm.
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150 ๋งˆ์ผ์„ ๋‚ ์•„์„œ ์–‘์–ด์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ์™”๋‹ค๊ฐ€
11:44
And every evening, they fly 150 miles back.
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๋งค์ผ ์ €๋… ๋‹ค์‹œ 150 ๋งˆ์ผ์„ ๋‚ ์•„์„œ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
11:47
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
11:54
They do that because they're able to follow
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑด
11:57
the broken white line
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A92๋ฒˆ ๊ณ ์†๋„๋กœ์— ๊ทธ๋ ค์ง„
11:59
of highway A92.
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ํฐ์ƒ‰ ์ ์„  ์ฐจ์„ ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ๊ฐ€๋ฉด ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:01
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
12:03
No kidding.
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์ •๋ง์ด์—์š”.
12:05
I was imagining a "March of the Penguins" thing,
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์ €๋Š” ํŽญ๊ท„๋“ค์˜ ํ–‰์ง„ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑธ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์ฃ .
12:08
so I looked at Miguel.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฏธ๊ตฌ์—˜ํ•œํ…Œ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ดค์–ด์š”.
12:10
I said, "Miguel, do they fly
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"๋ฏธ๊ตฌ์—˜, ํ”Œ๋ผ๋ฐ๊ณ ๋“ค์ด
12:12
150 miles to the farm,
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150 ๋งˆ์ผ์„ ๋‚ ์•„์™”๋‹ค๊ฐ€
12:14
and then do they fly
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ฐค์— 150 ๋งˆ์ผ์„
12:16
150 miles back at night?
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๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ทธ๊ฑด
12:18
Do they do that for the children?"
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์ƒˆ๋ผ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋Š” ๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š”?"
12:21
He looked at me like I had just quoted a Whitney Houston song.
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๋ฏธ๊ตฌ์—˜์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํœ˜ํŠธ๋‹ˆ ํœด์Šคํ„ด ๋…ธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ํฅ์–ผ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ณ๋‹ค๋ณด๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
12:24
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
12:28
He said, "No; they do it because the food's better."
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๋ฏธ๊ตฌ์—˜์€ "์•„๋‡จ. ๋จน์ด๊ฐ€ ๋” ์ข‹์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ "๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:31
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
12:33
I didn't mention the skin of my beloved fish,
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์•„๊นŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฐ ์ƒ์„ ์˜ ์‚ด๊ฒฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„  ๋ง์”€ ์•ˆ ๋“œ๋ ธ์ฃ .
12:41
which was delicious -- and I don't like fish skin;
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์—ญ์‹œ ๋ง›์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์ƒ์„  ๊ป์งˆ์„ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ๋„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
12:43
I don't like it seared, I don't like it crispy.
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ํƒœ์šด ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์‹ซ๊ณ  ๋ฐ”์‚ญ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:46
It's that acrid, tar-like flavor.
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์“ฐ๊ณ  ํƒ€๋ฅด๊ฐ™์€ ๋ง›์ด ๋‚˜๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
12:50
I almost never cook with it.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ป์งˆ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์š”๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์•ˆ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:53
Yet, when I tasted it at that restaurant in southern Spain,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ทธ ๋‚จ๋ถ€ ์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ ๋ ˆ์Šคํ† ๋ž‘์—์„œ ๋จน์€ ๊ป์งˆ์€
12:56
it tasted not at all like fish skin.
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์ƒ์„  ๊ป์งˆ ๋ง›์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
12:59
It tasted sweet and clean,
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๋‹ฌ์ฝคํ•˜๊ณ  ๊น”๋”ํ•ด์„œ
13:02
like you were taking a bite of the ocean.
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๋งˆ์น˜ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค ํ•œ ๋ชจ๊ธˆ์„ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š” ๋Š๋‚Œ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
13:05
I mentioned that to Miguel, and he nodded.
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๋ฏธ๊ตฌ์—˜์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ ์–˜๊ธธ ํ–ˆ๋”๋‹ˆ ๊ณ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋„๋•์ด๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
13:07
He said, "The skin acts like a sponge.
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"๊ป์งˆ์ด ์Šคํฐ์ง€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ด์š”.
13:09
It's the last defense before anything enters the body.
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๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ ๋ชธ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐฉ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ์ธต์ด์ฃ .
13:12
It evolved to soak up impurities."
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๋ถˆ์ˆœ๋ฌผ์„ ๊ฑธ๋Ÿฌ์ฃผ๋„๋ก ์ง„ํ™”ํ•œ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
13:14
And then he added,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋˜ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ง์ด
13:16
"But our water has no impurities."
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"ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์–‘์–ด์žฅ ๋ฌผ์—๋Š” ๋ถˆ์ˆœ๋ฌผ์ด ์—†์–ด์š”."๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:22
OK. A farm that doesn't feed its fish,
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ์—๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์•ˆ ์ฃผ๋Š” ์–‘์–ด์žฅ.
13:26
a farm that measures its success
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์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณต ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํฌ์‹์ž์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณต์œผ๋กœ
13:29
by the success of its predators.
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ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๋Š” ์–‘์–ด์žฅ.
13:31
And then I realized when he says,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:33
"A farm that has no impurities,"
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๋ถˆ์ˆœ๋ฌผ์ด ์—†๋Š” ์–‘์–ด์žฅ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์€
13:36
he made a big understatement,
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜ ๊ฒธ์†ํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
13:38
because the water that flows through that farm
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์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์–‘์–ด์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ฌผ์€
13:40
comes in from the Guadalquivir River.
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๊ณผ๋‹ฌํ‚ค๋น„๋ฅด ๊ฐ•์—์„œ ์˜ค๋Š”๋ฐ
13:43
It's a river that carries with it
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์ด ๊ฐ•์—๋Š” ์š”์ฆ˜์˜ ์—ฌ๋Š ๊ฐ•๋ฌผ์—๋‚˜
13:45
all the things that rivers tend to carry these days:
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์„ž์—ฌ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ™์ด ํ˜๋Ÿฌ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:48
chemical contaminants,
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ํ™”ํ•™ ์˜ค์—ผ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด๋‚˜
13:50
pesticide runoff.
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์‚ด์ถฉ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์„ž์ธ ์˜ค์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด์ฃ .
13:52
And when it works its way through the system
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ด ๋ฌผ์ด ์–‘์–ด์žฅ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์œผ๋กœ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ๋“ค์–ด์™”๋‹ค๊ฐ€
13:55
and leaves,
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋ฉด
13:57
the water is cleaner than when it entered.
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๊ทธ ๋ฌผ์€ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ฌ ๋•Œ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊นจ๋—ํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:59
The system is so healthy, it purifies the water.
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์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•ด์„œ ๋ฌผ์„ ์ •ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
14:03
So, not just a farm that doesn't feed its animals,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๊ทธ ๊ณณ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์•ˆ ๋จน์ด๋Š” ์–‘์–ด์žฅ,
14:05
not just a farm that measures its success
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์„ฑ๊ณต ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํฌ์‹์ž์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณต์œผ๋กœ
14:08
by the health of its predators,
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ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๋Š” ์–‘์–ด์žฅ์ผ ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
14:10
but a farm that's literally a water purification plant --
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์งˆ ์ •ํ™” ๊ณต์žฅ์ธ ์…ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:16
and not just for those fish,
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๋˜ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋งŒ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
14:19
but for you and me as well.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ์ €๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ธ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
14:21
Because when that water leaves, it dumps out into the Atlantic.
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์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ๊ทธ ๋ฌผ์ด ํ˜๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜์™€์„œ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋Œ€์„œ์–‘์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
14:26
A drop in the ocean, I know,
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ง๋ง๋Œ€ํ•ด์— ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์šธ ์ •๋„์ฃ . ์ €๋„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:28
but I'll take it, and so should you,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„ ์ „ ์ด์ชฝ์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋„ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์…”์•ผ ๋ผ์š”.
14:31
because this love story,
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์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ์ด ๋Ÿฌ๋ธŒ์Šคํ† ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
14:35
however romantic,
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๋กœ๋งจํ‹ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
14:37
is also instructive.
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๋˜ ๊ตํ›ˆ์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
14:39
You might say it's a recipe
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์ด ์Šคํ† ๋ฆฌ์•ผ๋ง๋กœ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜
14:41
for the future of good food,
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์ข‹์€ ์Œ์‹์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์š”๋ฆฌ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:43
whether we're talking about bass or beef cattle.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋†์–ด๋“  ์œก์šฐ๋“  ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ฃ .
14:47
What we need now is
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฑด
14:49
a radically new conception of agriculture,
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ํ˜์‹ ์ ์ธ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฐœ๋…์˜ ๋†์—…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:52
one in which the food actually tastes good.
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์ •๋ง ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ง›์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฐ์ถœ๋ฌผ์„ ๋‚ด๋Š” ๋†์‚ฌ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
14:54
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
14:56
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
15:02
But for a lot people,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋งŒ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
15:04
that's a bit too radical.
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์ด๊ฑด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ธ‰์ง„์ ์ผ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:07
We're not realists, us foodies;
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์ €ํฌ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฏธ์‹๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ํ˜„์‹ค์ฃผ์˜์ž๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
15:09
we're lovers.
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์‚ฌ๋ž‘ ์ง€์ƒ์ฃผ์˜์ž๋“ค์ด์ฃ .
15:11
We love farmers' markets,
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๋†์‚ฐ๋ฌผ ์งํŒ์žฅ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ 
15:13
we love small family farms,
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์˜์„ธ ๋†๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋”์ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ฃ .
15:16
we talk about local food,
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์ง€์—ญํŠน์‚ฐ๋ฌผ์„ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ 
15:18
we eat organic.
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์œ ๊ธฐ๋†์„ ๋จน๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
15:21
And when you suggest these are the things
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์ด์•ผ๋ง๋กœ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜
15:23
that will ensure the future of good food,
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์ข‹์€ ์Œ์‹์„ ๋ณด์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด
15:27
someone, somewhere stands up and says,
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์–ด๋Š ๊ณณ์˜ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฌ์ฃ .
15:29
"Hey guy, I love pink flamingos,
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"์ด๋ด์š”, ํ•‘ํฌ ํ”Œ๋ผ๋ฐ๊ณ ๋„ ์ข‹์ง€๋งŒ
15:33
but how are you going to feed the world?"
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์„ธ์ƒ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋จน์—ฌ์‚ด๋ฆด ๊ฑฐ์š”?
15:36
How are you going to feed the world?
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋จน์—ฌ์‚ด๋ฆด ๊ฑฐ์š”?"๋ผ๊ตฌ์š”.
15:39
Can I be honest?
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์†”์งํžˆ ๋งํ•ด๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”?
15:41
I don't love that question.
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์ „ ๊ทธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์‹ซ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:44
No, not because we already produce
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฏธ ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋จน๊ณ ๋„ ๋‚จ์„
15:46
enough calories to more than feed the world.
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์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์นผ๋กœ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:49
One billion people will go hungry today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์‹ญ์–ต ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ตถ์ฃผ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:52
One billion -- that's more than ever before --
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์‹ญ์–ต๋ช… -- ๊ทธ ์–ด๋Š ๋•Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜์ฃ  --
15:56
because of gross inequalities in distribution,
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์ด๊ฑด ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์ˆ˜๊ธ‰์˜ ๋ถˆ๊ท ํ˜• ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ง€
15:59
not tonnage.
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์ ˆ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•ด์„œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:02
Now, I don't love this question because it's determined the logic
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
16:04
of our food system for the last 50 years.
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์ง€๋‚œ 50๋…„๊ฐ„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‹๋Ÿ‰ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ •์ง€์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:07
Feed grain to herbivores,
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์ดˆ์‹๋™๋ฌผ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ณก๋ฌผ์„ ๋จน์ด๊ณ 
16:10
pesticides to monocultures, chemicals to soil,
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๋‹จ์ผ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์— ์‚ด์ถฉ์ œ๋ฅผ, ํ™์—๋Š” ํ™”ํ•™๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
16:12
chicken to fish,
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๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐํ•œํ…Œ ๋‹ญ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋จน์ด๋ฉด์„œ
16:15
and all along agribusiness
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๊ธฐ์—…ํ˜• ๋†์—… ์—…๊ณ„๋Š”
16:18
has simply asked,
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๋‹จ์ˆœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์ฃ .
16:20
"If we're feeding more people more cheaply,
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"์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋” ์‹ธ๊ฒŒ ๋จน์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
16:22
how terrible could that be?"
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๋‚˜๋น ๋ดค์ž ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋‚˜์˜๊ฒ ์–ด?"
16:25
That's been the motivation,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋™๊ธฐ๋ถ€์—ฌ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
16:27
it's been the justification:
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์ •๋‹นํ™”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:29
it's been the business plan
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋†์—…์˜ ์‚ฌ์—…๊ณ„ํš์ด
16:32
of American agriculture.
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๊ณ„์† ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝ๋ผ ์˜จ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
16:34
We should call it what it is:
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ์‚ฐ์—…์„ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:36
a business in liquidation,
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ํŒŒ์‚ฐํ•ด ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค,
16:39
a business that's quickly eroding
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์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ ์ž๋ณธ์„
16:42
ecological capital that makes that very production possible.
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๊ธ‰์†ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ณ ๊ฐˆ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
16:45
That's not a business,
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์ด๊ฑด ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:47
and it isn't agriculture.
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๋†์—…๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ .
16:49
Our breadbasket is threatened today,
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ณก์ฐฝ์ง€๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์œ„ํ˜‘๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฑด
16:52
not because of diminishing supply,
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๊ณต๊ธ‰์ด ์ค„์–ด์„œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
16:54
but because of diminishing resources.
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์ž์›์ด ์ค„์–ด๋“ค์–ด์„œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:57
Not by the latest combine and tractor invention,
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์ตœ์‹ ์‹ ์ฝค๋ฐ”์ธ๊ณผ ํŠธ๋ž™ํ„ฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
17:00
but by fertile land;
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๋น„์˜ฅํ•œ ๋•…์ด ์ค„์–ด๋“ค์–ด์„œ
17:02
not by pumps, but by fresh water;
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ํŽŒํ”„ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์‹ ์„ ํ•œ ๋ฌผ์ด ์—†์–ด์„œ
17:05
not by chainsaws, but by forests;
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์‚ฌ์Šฌํ†ฑ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ˆฒ์ด ์—†์–ด์„œ
17:08
and not by fishing boats and nets, but by fish in the sea.
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๊ณ ๊ธฐ์žก์ด ๋ฐฐ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋ฌผ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ฌผ ์†์— ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด์„œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:11
Want to feed the world?
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์ „์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋จน์ด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”?
17:13
Let's start by asking: How are we going to feed ourselves?
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๋จผ์ € ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋จน๊ณ ์‚ด์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์ฃ .
17:17
Or better: How can we create conditions
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์•„๋‹ˆ, ๋” ๋‚˜๊ฐ€์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด
17:20
that enable every community
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์ข‹์€ ์—ฌ๊ฑด์„ ์กฐ์„ฑํ•ด์„œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฐ€
17:23
to feed itself?
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์ž๊ธ‰์ž์กฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
17:25
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
17:32
To do that,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”
17:34
don't look at the agribusiness model for the future.
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๊ธฐ์—…ํ˜• ๋†์—… ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์ด๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
17:37
It's really old, and it's tired.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋‚ก์•˜๊ณ  ๋’ค๋–จ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:39
It's high on capital, chemistry and machines,
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์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์ž๋ณธ๊ณผ ํ™”ํ•™๋ฌผ์งˆ, ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์†Œ๋ชจํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
17:43
and it's never produced anything really good to eat.
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์ •์ž‘ ์ •๋ง ๋จน์„ ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ฑด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•ด๋‚ด์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์ฃ .
17:48
Instead, let's look to the ecological model.
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๋Œ€์‹  ์ƒํƒœ์  ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:52
That's the one that relies on two billion years
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์ด๊ฑฐ์•ผ๋ง๋กœ 20์–ต๋…„์— ๊ฑธ์นœ
17:55
of on-the-job experience.
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ํ˜„์žฅ์‹ค์Šต์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:58
Look to Miguel,
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๋ฏธ๊ตฌ์—˜์„ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
18:00
farmers like Miguel.
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๋ฏธ๊ตฌ์—˜ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋†๋ถ€๋“ค,
18:02
Farms that aren't worlds unto themselves;
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์ด๊ธฐ์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋†์žฅ,
18:05
farms that restore instead of deplete;
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๊ณ ๊ฐˆ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹  ํšŒ๋ณต์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋†์žฅ,
18:10
farms that farm extensively
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์ง‘์•ฝ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
18:12
instead of just intensively;
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ํฌ๊ด„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋†์‚ฌ์ง“๋Š” ๋†์žฅ,
18:14
farmers that are not just producers,
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๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ž๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
18:17
but experts in relationships.
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๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ „๊ณต์ธ ๋†๋ถ€๋“ค,
18:19
Because they're the ones
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์ด๋“ค์ด์•ผ๋ง๋กœ
18:21
that are experts in flavor, too.
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๋ง›๊ณผ ํ–ฅ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ๋„ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:24
And if I'm going to be really honest,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ •๋ง ์†”์งํžˆ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด ์ €๋Š” ํ‰์ƒ
18:26
they're a better chef than I'll ever be.
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์ด๋ถ„๋“ค๋งŒํผ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์š”๋ฆฌ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:29
You know, I'm okay with that,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„ ์ „ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:32
because if that's the future of good food, it's going to be delicious.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์€ ์Œ์‹์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ผ๋ฉด ๋ง›์žˆ์„ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
18:35
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:37
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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