Carl Safina: The oil spill's unseen culprits, victims

翻訳: Hidehito Sumitomo 校正: Yoshinari Fukuzawa

This is the ocean as I used to know it.

これは昔からよく知っている海です

And I find that since I've been in the Gulf a couple of times,

この湾には何度も行っていたので

I really kind of am traumatized because whenever I look at the ocean now,

とてもショックを受けました

なぜかというと 海のいたる所に

no matter where I am,

なぜかというと 海のいたる所に

even where I know that none of the oil has gone,

原油がそのまま残されていて

I sort of see slicks,

その光沢が見えているからです

and I'm finding that I'm very much haunted by it.

これには唖然とさせられました

But what I want to talk to you about today

今日お話ししたいのは 原油流出のことだけでなく

is a lot of things that try to put all of this in context,

その正体や原因について 簡単に説明したいと思います

not just about the oil eruption, but what it means and why it has happened.

First, just a little bit about me.

まずは自己紹介から

I'm basically just a guy that likes to go fishing

子供の頃から釣りが好きで 釣りに行っていたんですが

ever since I was a little kid, and because I did,

I wound up studying sea birds

沿岸の自然が好きになり 海鳥を研究するようになりました

to try to stay in the coastal habitats that I so loved.

And now I mainly write books about how the ocean is changing,

現在 主に海洋変動に関する 本を書いています

海の急激な変化は 以前から観察されています

and the ocean is certainly changing very rapidly.

Now we saw this graphic earlier on, that we really live on a hard marble

私達が住む地球というのは

that has just a slight bit of wetness to it.

水で濡らした 硬い大理石のようなものです

It's like you dipped a marble in water.

And the same thing with the atmosphere:

大気も同じようなものです

If you took all the atmosphere and rolled it up in a ball,

大気を全部かき集めて 丸めたとすると

大気を全部かき集めて 丸めたとすると

you would get that little sphere of gas on the right.

右のような 気体の球ができます

So we live on the most fragile little soap bubble you can imagine,

私達が住んでいるのは きわめて壊れやすく小さな

私達が住んでいるのは きわめて壊れやすく小さな

神聖なシャボン玉です

a very sacred soap bubble, but one that is very, very easy to affect.

非常に影響を受けやすいのです

And all the burning of oil and coal and gas, all the fossil fuels,

石油 石炭 ガソリンなどを 燃やすことによって

石油 石炭 ガソリンなどを 燃やすことによって

have changed the atmosphere greatly.

大気は大きく変化し CO2レベルも上がり続けています

Carbon dioxide level has gone up and up and up.

We're warming the climate.

私達が気温を上げているのです

So the blowout in the Gulf

よって原油流出事故は

is just a little piece of a much larger problem

人間社会に必要である エネルギーに関する問題の

that we have with the energy that we use to run civilization.

ほんの一部にすぎません

Beyond warming,

温暖化の他に

we have the problem of the oceans getting more acidified --

海が酸性になるという 問題があります

and already measurably so, and already affecting animals.

すでに動物への影響が観測されています

Now in the laboratory, if you take a clam and you put it in the pH that is not 8.1,

現在 研究室では

例えば貝を 通常の海水のpH 8.1ではなく

例えば貝を 通常の海水のpH 8.1ではなく

which is the normal pH of seawater, but 7.5,

pH 7.5の水に入れると

it dissolves in about three days.

貝は3日以内に溶解します

If you take a sea urchin larva from 8.1,

ウニの幼生の場合

pH 8.1からpH 7.7に移動させると

put it in a pH of 7.7 -- not a huge change --

大きく崩れはしませんが 変形して死んでしまいます

it becomes deformed and dies.

Already, commercial oyster larvae are dying at large scales in some places.

すでに ある地域では 商業用のカキの幼生が

広範囲で死滅しています

Coral reefs are growing slower in some places because of this problem.

サンゴ礁の成長に遅れがみられる 地域もあります

サンゴ礁の成長に遅れがみられる 地域もあります

So this really matters.

大きな問題なのです

Now, let's take a little tour around the Gulf a little bit.

湾を少し ぐるっと周ってみましょう

One of the things that really impresses me about the people in the Gulf:

湾に住む人達には 感銘を受けました

彼らはまさに 海の人だからです

They are really, really aquatic people.

And they can handle water.

水をうまく活用し 頻繁にくるハリケーンや

They can handle a hurricane that comes and goes.

水をうまく活用し 頻繁にくるハリケーンや

When the water goes down, they know what to do.

洪水への対策も心得ています

But when it's something other than water, and their water habitat changes,

しかし水以外のことで 水中の生息環境が変わると

彼らに 多くの選択肢はありません

they don't have many options.

In fact, those entire communities really don't have many options.

コミュニティー全体を見ても

They don't have another thing they can do.

水にかわるものはないのです

They can't go and work in the local hotel business

ホテルで働こうと思っても無理です

because there isn't one in their community.

ホテル自体がないのですから

If you go to the Gulf and you look around, you do see a lot of oil.

湾の周囲には 多くの原油が見えます

You see a lot of oil on the ocean.

海の上や　岸辺にも見られます

You see a lot of oil on the shoreline.

If you go to the site of the blowout, it looks pretty unbelievable.

流出現場に行くと 信じがたい光景が

It looks like you just emptied the oil pan in your car,

まるで車のオイル受けを ひっくり返したかのようです

and you just dumped it in the ocean.

And one of the really most incredible things, I think,

一番信じられないのは

is that there's nobody out there trying to collect it

原油を回収しようとする人が 誰もいないことです

at the site where it is densest.

Parts of the ocean there look just absolutely apocalyptic.

ここの海一帯が 悲惨な状態になっています

You go in along the shore, you can find it everywhere.

岸沿いを進んでいると そこら中に原油が見られ

めちゃくちゃな状態です

It's really messy.

If you go to the places where it's just arriving,

アラバマの東海岸に行くと

like the eastern part of the Gulf, in Alabama,

there's still people using the beach

浜辺を掃除している人達がいます

while there are people cleaning up the beach.

And they have a very strange way of cleaning up the beach.

掃除方法が変わっています

They're not allowed to put more than 10 pounds of sand

200 Lのビニール袋に 砂を5 kgしか入れず

in a 50-gallon plastic bag.

200 Lのビニール袋に 砂を5 kgしか入れず

They have thousands and thousands of plastic bags.

ビニール袋は何千とあります

I don't know what they'll do with all that stuff.

何をしたいのかわかりません

一方で 今でも 浜辺を利用する人達もいます

Meanwhile, there are still people trying to use the beach.

They don't see the sign that says: "Stay out of the water."

水から離れろという看板はなく 子供たちが海に入って 石油まみれ

Their kids are in the water;

they're getting tar all over their clothes and their sandals--

服もサンダルもめちゃくちゃです

It's a mess.

原油が残っている所に行くと もっとめちゃくちゃで

If you go to where the oil has been for a while, it's an even bigger mess.

And there's basically nobody there anymore,

基本的に誰もいません

a few people trying to keep using it.

数人が利用しているだけです

You see people who are really shell-shocked.

ノイローゼになる人もいます

They are very hardworking people.

彼らは働き者で

All they know about life is they get up in the morning,

朝起きたら エンジンスタート さあ仕事だ という感じです

and if their engine starts, they go to work.

They always felt that they could rely on the assurances

彼らは 自然が 沿岸の生態系を通して

与えてくれる安心感に 依存していると感じています

that nature brought them through the ecosystem of the Gulf.

与えてくれる安心感に 依存していると感じています

They're finding that their world is really collapsing.

その世界が壊されていると 知ったのです

And so you can see, literally, signs of their shock ...

見てください

ショックをあらわす看板

signs of their outrage ...

憤怒をあらわす看板

signs of their anger ...

怒りをあらわす看板

and signs of their grief.

悲しみの看板

これらは目に見えるものです

These are the things that you can see.

There's a lot you can't see, also, underwater.

しかし海の中には 目に見えないものばかりです

What's going on underwater?

海の中はどうなっているのでしょう

Well, some people say there are oil plumes.

原油が水中に浸出しているか 意見が分かれます

Some people say there are not oil plumes.

マーキー議員によると

And Congressman Markey asks, you know,

"Is it going to take a submarine ride to see if there are really oil plumes?"

「潜水艦で 原油の有無を 調べられないのだろうか？」

「潜水艦で 原油の有無を 調べられないのだろうか？」

But I couldn't take a submarine ride --

しかし潜水艦は使えませんでした

especially between the time I knew I was coming here and today --

前に湾に行ってから 今日までの間

メキシコ湾に原油があるのか 調べる実験をしてみました

so I had to do a little experiment myself

to see if there was oil in the Gulf of Mexico.

So this is the Gulf of Mexico ...

ここがメキシコ湾です

sparkling place full of fish.

魚の豊富な輝ける場所

And I created a little oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico.

このメキシコ湾に 少しだけ油を流出させました

And I learned, in fact, I confirmed the hypothesis

仮説は裏付けられることになります

that oil and water don't mix ...

油と水は混ざりません

until you add a dispersant ...

でも分散剤を加えると

and then ...

混ざり始めます

they start mixing.

And you add a little energy from the wind and the waves,

そこに風や波などの エネルギーを少し加えると

and you get a big mess,

もう大変なことになり めちゃくちゃです

a big mess that you can't possibly clean,

きれいにすることも 原油を抽出することも不可能です

you can't touch, you can't extract

and, I think most importantly -- this is what I think --

そしてなによりも

you can't see it.

見えないことがやっかいです

I think it's being hidden on purpose.

わざと隠されているのだと思っています

Now this is such a catastrophe and such a mess

これ程の大惨事だと 多くの情報がもれて聞こえてきます

that lots of stuff is leaking out on the edges of the information stream.

But as many people have said,

噂通り 事故のもみ消しがあります

there's a large attempt to suppress what's going on.

Personally, I think that the dispersants are a major strategy to hide the body,

私の個人的な考えですが この分散剤というのは

死体隠ぺいのような 常套手段だと思います

because we put the murderer in charge of the crime scene.

殺人犯の証拠隠しですね

But you can see it.

海上に密集した原油は 目で見ることができます

You can see where the oil is concentrated at the surface,

海上に密集した原油は 目で見ることができます

and then it is attacked,

そこに一撃を加え 証拠を消しているのでしょう

because they don't want the evidence, in my opinion.

OK.

さて

We heard that bacteria eat oil?

微生物が油を食べれば

So do sea turtles.

ウミガメも食べます

When it breaks up,

原油の流出があれば

it has a long way to go before it gets down to bacteria.

微生物が分解するまで 長い時間がかかります

Turtles eat it. It gets in the gills of fish.

原油をウミガメが食べ 魚はエラから吸収します

These guys have to swim around through it.

そして原油の中を泳がざるを得ません

I heard the most incredible story today when I was on the train coming here.

今日ここに来る途中 電車の中で信じられない話を聞きました

今日ここに来る途中 電車の中で信じられない話を聞きました

A writer named Ted Williams called me,

テッド・ウィリアムという作家で

and he was asking me a couple of questions about what I saw,

何を見たのか 質問されました

because he's writing an article for Audubon magazine.

オーデュボン誌の記事を 書いていたのです

He said that he had been in the Gulf a little while ago; like about a week ago,

彼は1週間前に 湾に行っていて

and a guy who had been a recreational fishing guide

釣りガイドをしていた男に

took him out to show him what's going on.

事故現場を案内してもらったそうです

That guide's entire calendar year is canceled bookings.

そのガイドは 年中 仕事の予定が空いていました

そのガイドは 年中 仕事の予定が空いていました

He has no bookings left.

Everybody wanted their deposit back, everybody is fleeing.

予約金も返還を求められ 誰も近寄ろうとしません

That's the story of thousands of people.

何千人という人が 同じような状況です

But he told Ted that on the last day he went out,

しかしそのガイドによると

海に出た最後の日に

a bottlenose dolphin suddenly appeared next to the boat,

バンドウイルカが 突然ボートの横に現れ

and it was splattering oil out its blowhole.

噴気孔から 油をまき散らしていました

And he moved away because it was his last fishing trip,

イルカから離れました

なぜなら最後の釣り だということもあり

and he knew that the dolphins scare fish.

イルカが魚を怖がらせることを 知っていたからです

So he moved away from it, turned around a few minutes later,

だからイルカから離れ

数分後振り返ると

it was right next to the side of the boat again.

またボートのすぐ側まで来ていました

He said that in 30 years of fishing he had never seen a dolphin do that.

30年の釣りのなかで イルカの こんな行動は初めて見たそうです

And he felt that --

そして これはまるで―

(Sigh)

he felt that it was coming to ask for help.

助けてくれと 言っているように感じたそうです

Sorry.

Now, in the Exxon Valdez spill,

エクソンバルディーズ号 原油流出事故では

about 30 percent of the killer whales died in the first few months.

シャチの30%近くが

数ヶ月で死にました

Their numbers have never recovered.

個体数は回復していません

So the recovery rate of all this stuff is going to be variable.

個体数の回復率は ばらつくでしょう

It's going to take longer for some things.

時間がかかるものもあれば

And some things, I think, will probably come back a little faster.

早く回復するだろう というものもあります

The other thing about the Gulf that is important

メキシコ湾には重要な役割があります

is that there are a lot of animals that concentrate in the Gulf

1年のある時期に 多くの動物がこの湾に集まります

at certain parts of the year.

So the Gulf is a really important piece of water --

そのためメキシコ湾は 重要な水源で

more important than a similar volume of water in the open Atlantic Ocean.

大西洋の等量の水より 重要だといえます

These tuna swim the entire ocean.

マグロは世界の海を渡ります 湾の水流に乗り ヨーロッパまで

They get in the Gulf Stream, they go all the way to Europe.

産卵するときは 内陸にまでやって来ます

When it comes time to spawn, they come inside,

2匹に標識をつけて 産卵場所がわかるようにしました

and these two tuna that were tagged,

you can see them on the spawning grounds

very much right in the area of the slick.

なめらかな場所を選んでいます

They're probably having, at the very least,

今年の産卵時期は 多分 悲惨なことになるでしょう

a catastrophic spawning season this year.

I'm hoping that maybe the adults are avoiding that dirty water.

親魚が汚れた水を 避けてくれることを願います

They don't usually like to go into water that is very cloudy anyway.

通常 濁った水には 入ろうとしませんが

But these are really high-performance athletic animals.

非常に運動神経の良い魚なので

I don't know what this kind of stuff will do in their gills.

何がエラに影響を与えるか わかりませんし

I don't know if it'll affect the adults.

親魚への影響は わからないのです

If it's not, it's certainly affecting their eggs and larvae,

だとしても 卵や稚魚には 確実に影響があると思っています

だとしても 卵や稚魚には 確実に影響があると思っています

I would certainly think.

But if you look at that graph that goes down and down and down,

下がり続けている このグラフをご覧ください

that's what we've done to this species through overfishing over many decades.

私達が 数十年に渡って 乱獲してきた結果です

So while the oil spill, the leak, the eruption, is a catastrophe,

原油の流出により 壊滅的な被害となった一方で

I think it's important to keep in mind

心に留めておきたいことは

that we've done a lot to affect what's in the ocean, for a very long time.

私達は長期間にわたり 海に 多大な影響を与えてきたということです

It's not like we're starting with something that's been OK.

私達が何か始めると 良いことではなく

We're starting with something that's had a lot of stresses

多くのストレスと問題が つきまとってきます

and a lot of problems to begin with.

If you look around at the birds, there are a lot of birds in the Gulf

鳥を見てみると

1年のある時期に 多くの鳥が湾に集まり

that concentrate in the Gulf at certain times of the year,

but then leave.

やがて飛び立っていきます

And they populate much larger areas.

鳥たちの生息域はずっと広範なのです

例えば

For instance, most of the birds in this picture are migratory birds.

この写真の鳥は ほとんどが渡り鳥で

They were all on the Gulf in May,

原油が流れてきた5月に この湾に来たというわけです

while oil was starting to come ashore in certain places.

Down on the lower left there are ruddy turnstones and sanderlings.

左下に キョウジョシギと ミツユビシギがいます

They breed in the High Arctic,

北極で子育てをし 南アメリカの南部で冬を過ごします

and they winter down in southern South America.

But they concentrate in the Gulf and then fan out all across the Arctic.

メキシコ湾に集まり やがて北極各地に飛び立ちます

I saw birds that breed in Greenland, in the Gulf.

グリーンランドで繁殖する鳥も メキシコ湾で見かけました

So this is a hemispheric issue.

よって これは半球規模の問題なのです

The economic effects go at least nationally in many ways.

経済的影響も 少なくとも 米国全土で見られ

The biological effects are certainly hemispheric.

生物学的には 半球規模の影響があります

I think that this is one of the most absolutely mind-boggling examples

これは全く予想だにしなかった 唖然とする例の一つです

of total unpreparedness that I can even think of.

Even when the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor,

日本軍が真珠湾を爆撃した時でさえ

撃ち返すことはしました

at least they shot back.

And we just seem to be unable to figure out what to do.

でも今の私達は 何をすべきかわからないでいます

There was nothing ready,

and, you know, as we can see by what they're doing.

何もできていないのは 現在の対策を見れば明らかです

Mainly what they're doing is booms and dispersants.

今やっている主な方法は ブームと分散剤です

The booms are absolutely not made for open water.

ブームは広い範囲には 展開できないので

原油が多くたまっている箇所を 囲うこともできません

They don't even attempt to corral the oil where it is most concentrated.

原油が多くたまっている箇所を 囲うこともできません

They get near shore -- Look at these two boats.

沿岸近くに ボートが2艘 右のボートは通称「釣りバカ」

That one on the right is called Fishing Fool.

And I think, you know, that's a great name

良い名前ですね

for boats that think that they're going to do anything

湾の何千平方マイルも広がる 海上の原油を

to make a dent in this, by dragging a boom between them

when there are literally hundreds of thousands of square miles

ブームで囲おうと 躍起になっているんですから

in the Gulf right now with oil at the surface.

The dispersants make the oil go right under the booms.

分散剤によって 原油は ブームの下を通ることができます

The booms are only about 13 inches in diameter.

ブームの直径は たったの30 cm程です

So it's just absolutely crazy.

こんなバカげたことありません

Here are shrimp boats employed.

何百というエビ漁船を雇い

There are hundreds of shrimp boats employed to drag booms instead of nets.

網ではなく ブームを引張ることが 彼らの仕事となります

Here they are working.

You can see easily

原油まみれの海水が ブームの後方へ移動しています

that all the oily water just goes over the back of the boom.

All they're doing is stirring it.

実はかき混ぜているのです

It's just ridiculous.

ばがげています

何百マイルもの沿岸が ブームだらけになると

Also, for all the shoreline that has booms --

hundreds and hundreds of miles of shoreline --

何百マイルもの沿岸が ブームだらけになると

all of the shoreline that has booms,

there's adjacent shoreline that doesn't have any booms.

隣の沿岸にはブームが一つもないので

There is ample opportunity for oil and dirty water to get in behind them.

原油や汚れた水が 簡単に入ってこれます

And that lower photo, that's a bird colony that has been boomed.

下の写真は

鳥のコロニーが囲われています コロニーを守ろうとしているんです

Everybody's trying to protect the bird colonies there.

Well, as an ornithologist, I can tell you that birds fly, and that --

鳥類学者としていいますが

鳥は飛びます

(Laughter)

（笑）

and that booming a bird colony doesn't do it; it doesn't do it.

コロニーを囲っても 意味がありません

These birds make a living by diving into the water.

鳥たちはエサをとるため 海に潜らないといけません

In fact ...

鳥たちが第一に しなければいけないのが

really what I think they should do, if anything --

they're trying so hard to protect those nests --

巣を守ることです

actually, if they destroyed every single nest,

巣がすべて壊されてしまえば

some of the birds would leave,

鳥は離れていくでしょう

and that would be better for them this year.

今回は そうなった方がましだったでしょう

As far as cleaning them ...

鳥の洗浄について言うと

I don't mean to cast any aspersion on people cleaning birds.

鳥をきれいにする人を 非難するわけではありませんが

It's really, really important that we express our compassion.

思いやりを示すことが 本当に大切です

I think that's the most important thing that people have, is compassion.

人間が持っている 一番大切なものが思いやりですから

It's really important to get those images and to show it.

こういったイメージを持ち それを表現することが大切です

But really, where are those birds going to get released to?

しかし 鳥たちは どこに放されるというのでしょう

It's like taking somebody out of a burning building,

まるで燃えるビルから連れ出し

煙の吸入をケアした後

treating them for smoke inhalation

and sending them back into the building, because the oil is still gushing.

再びビルの中に戻すようなものです 原油はまだ流出しています

I refuse to acknowledge this as anything like an accident.

これを事故として 認めるわけにはいきません

I think that this is the result of gross negligence.

これは重過失によって招かれた事態です

(Applause)

（拍手）

Not just BP.

BPだけではありません

BP operated very sloppily and very recklessly because they could.

BPが ずさんで無謀な 操業をしたのは

BPが ずさんで無謀な 操業をしたのは

それができたからです

And they were allowed to do so

私達を守る立場である政府の 完全な監督責任だとして

because of the absolute failure of oversight of the government

許されてしまっています

that is supposed to be our government, protecting us.

It turns out that --

米国では ほとんどの商船に この看板が見られます

you see this sign on every commercial vessel in the United States --

you know, if you spilled a couple of gallons of oil,

原油が数ガロン流出すれば

you would be in big trouble.

大変なことになります

And you have to really wonder who are the laws made for,

誰のために法律が作られ そして誰が法の外にいるのか

誰のために法律が作られ そして誰が法の外にいるのか

and who has gotten above the laws.

考える必要があります

And there are things that we can do in the future.

将来私達にできることがあります

必要だけど 手に入れられなかった装置です

We could have the kinds of equipment that we would really need.

石油を求め メキシコ湾の海底に 30,000個の穴を作れば

It would not take an awful lot to anticipate

that after making 30,000 holes

in the sea floor of the Gulf of Mexico looking for oil,

その内の一つから石油が出てきても なんら驚くことではありません

oil might start coming out of one of them.

And you'd have some idea of what to do.

これこそ私達が しなければいけないことです

That's certainly one of the things we need to do.

But I think we have to understand where this leak really started from.

実際どこから流出が始まったか 理解する必要があります

It really started from the destruction of the idea that the government is there

「政府は公共の利益を守る 私達の味方なんだ」という考えが

because it's our government,

破綻するところから始まっています

meant to protect the larger public interest.

So I think that the oil blowout, the bank bailout,

原油の流出や 銀行救済 住宅ローン危機などは

the mortgage crisis and all these things are absolutely symptoms of the same cause.

同じ原因で起こる症状に 違いありません

We still seem to understand that at least,

一部の悪い人間から 守ってくれる警察は

we need the police to protect us from a few bad people.

最低限必要だと 私達は理解しています

And even though the police can be a little annoying at times --

きっぷを切られたり 少々うっとうしい所があっても

giving us tickets and stuff like that --

nobody says that we should just get rid of them.

警察は廃止すべきだ なんて言う人はいません

But in the entire rest of government right now

この30年間 政府全体において

and for the last at least 30 years,

規制撤廃の動きがありました

there has been a culture of deregulation

規制撤廃の動きがありました

that is caused directly by the people who we need to be protected from,

これを主導したのは 私達を守る立場の人達で

裏で政府を買収していました

buying the government out from under us.

(Applause)

（拍手）

Now this has been a problem for a very, very long time.

これが今でも問題となっています

You can see that corporations were illegal at the founding of America,

米国の創建時には 企業は違法でした

and even Thomas Jefferson complained

トーマス・ジェファソンでさえ

that they were already bidding defiance to the laws of our country.

すでに米国の法律を無視していると 不満をもらしました

すでに米国の法律を無視していると 不満をもらしました

OK, people who say they're conservative,

自分は保守派だと言う人がいますが

if they really wanted to be really conservative and patriotic,

本当に保守派の愛国者になりたければ

they would tell these corporations to go to hell.

企業に向かって 地獄に落ちろというでしょう

That's what it would really mean to be conservative.

これが真の保守派です

So what we really need to do is regain the idea

そこで私達が本当にすべきことは

that it's our government safeguarding our interests,

我々の利益を守るのは政府だ という考えを取り戻し

and regain a sense of unity and common cause in our country

この国の失われた連帯感と 共通の利害を取り戻すことです

that really has been lost.

I think there are signs of hope.

希望の光が見え 私達は少し目を覚ましつつあります

We seem to be waking up a little bit.

The Glass-Steagall Act -- which was really to protect us

グラス・スティーガル法―

これは不況や 銀行の破綻 救済が必要な状態などが

from the kind of thing that caused the recession to happen,

and the bank meltdown and all that stuff that required the bailouts --

起こるのを防ぐ法律です

that was put in effect in 1933, was systematically destroyed.

1933年に施行されましたが

組織的に崩されてしまいました

Now there's a mood to put some of that stuff back in place,

現在 こういったものを 復元しようという雰囲気があります

but the lobbyists are already there trying to weaken the regulations

しかしロビー活動家たちはすでに

法案が可決した後 規制緩和をしようとしています

after the legislation has just passed.

So it's a continued fight.

だから戦いは続いています

It's a historic moment right now.

今が歴史的瞬間です

We're either going to have an absolutely unmitigated catastrophe

湾での原油流出という大惨事を招くか

湾での原油流出という大惨事を招くか

of this oil leak in the Gulf,

or we will make the moment we need out of this,

多くの人が気付いている決断をし 抜け出すかのどちらかです

as many people have noted today.

There's certainly a common theme

抜け出す決断をするには 共通のテーマがあります

about needing to make the moment out of this.

We've been through this before with other ways of offshore drilling.

以前にも海洋掘削のときに経験があります

The first offshore wells were called whales.

初め 海上油田の名前は「クジラ」で

The first offshore drills were called harpoons.

掘削機の名前は「モリ」でした

We emptied the ocean of the whales at that time.

当時 海のクジラの数が減少していました

Now are we stuck with this?

Ever since we lived in caves, every time we wanted any energy,

私達が洞窟に住んでいた時から

エネルギーが欲しいときは

we lit something on fire, and that is still what we're doing.

火で何かを燃やします 今もやっていることは同じです

今でもエネルギーが欲しいとき 何かを燃やしています

We're still lighting something on fire every time we want energy.

And people say we can't have clean energy

クリーンなエネルギーは高価で 使えないと言われます

because it's too expensive.

Who says it's too expensive?

誰が高価だと言っているのでしょう？

People who sell us fossil fuels.

石油を売っている人達です

We've been here before with energy,

前にここに来た時も

and people saying the economy cannot withstand a switch,

エネルギーを切り替えれば 経済が耐えられないと言われました

because the cheapest energy was slavery.

安価なエネルギーは奴隷です

Energy is always a moral issue.

エネルギーとはモラルの問題なのです

It's an issue that is moral right now.

It's a matter of right and wrong.

善か悪かの問題でもあります

ありがとうございました

Thank you very much.

(Applause)