LaToya Ruby Frazier: A visual history of inequality in industrial America | TED

41,475 views ใƒป 2015-06-18

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Ido Dekkers ืžื‘ืงืจ: Tal Dekkers
00:13
Along the ancient path of the Monongahela River,
0
13440
3783
ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื”ืขืชื™ืง ืฉืœ ื ื”ืจ ื”ืžื•ื ื•ื ื’ื”ืœื”,
00:17
Braddock, Pennsylvania sits in the eastern region of Allegheny County,
1
17223
5758
ื‘ืจืื“ื•ืง, ืคื ืกื™ืœื‘ื ื™ื” ื™ื•ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™ ืฉืœ ืžื—ื•ื– ืืœื’ื ื™,
00:22
approximately nine miles outside of Pittsburgh.
2
22981
4367
ื‘ืขืจืš 15 ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจ ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืคื™ื˜ืกื‘ืจื’.
00:28
An industrial suburb,
3
28488
2341
ืคืจื‘ืจ ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืชื™,
00:30
Braddock is home to Andrew Carnegie's first steel mill,
4
30829
3741
ื‘ืจืื“ื•ืง ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ืช ืœืžืคืขืœ ื”ืคืœื“ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืื ื“ืจื• ืงืจื ื’ื™,
00:34
the Edgar Thomson Works.
5
34570
1668
ืžืคืขืœ ืื“ื’ืจ ืชื•ืžืกื•ืŸ.
00:37
Operating since 1875,
6
37008
2552
ืฉืคื•ืขืœ ืžืื– 1875,
00:39
it is the last functioning steel mill in the region.
7
39560
5178
ื–ื” ืžืคืขืœ ื”ืคืœื“ื” ื”ืคืขื™ืœ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ.
00:45
For 12 years, I have produced collaborative portraits,
8
45390
4711
ื‘ืžืฉืš 12 ืฉื ื™ื, ื™ืฆืจืชื™ ืคื•ืจื˜ืจื˜ื™ื ืฉื™ืชื•ืคื™ื™ื,
00:50
still lifes, landscapes and aerial views
9
50101
4272
ื—ื™ื™ื ื“ื•ืžืžื™ื, ื ื•ืคื™ื ื•ืฆื™ืœื•ืžื™ื ืื•ื•ื™ืจื™ื™ื
00:54
in order to build a visual archive to address the intersection
10
54373
5351
ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืืจื›ื™ื‘ ื•ื™ื–ื•ืืœื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืฆื•ืžืช ื‘ื™ืŸ
00:59
of the steel industry,
11
59724
1847
ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืคืœื“ื”,
01:01
the environment,
12
61571
1858
ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”,
01:03
and the health care system's impact on the bodies of my family and community.
13
63429
6642
ื•ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื•ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉืœื™.
01:11
The tradition and grand narrative of Braddock
14
71277
3367
ื”ืžืกื•ืจืช ื•ื”ื ืจื˜ื™ื‘ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื‘ืจืื“ื•ืง
01:14
is mostly comprised of stories of industrialists and trade unions.
15
74644
5795
ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืžืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื ื™ื ื•ืื™ื’ื•ื“ื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื.
01:20
Currently, the new narrative about Braddock,
16
80727
4300
ื›ืจื’ืข, ื”ื ืจื˜ื™ื‘ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืขืœ ื‘ืจืื“ื•ืง,
01:25
a poster child for Rust Belt revitalization,
17
85027
3537
ื™ืœื“ ื”ืคื•ืกื˜ืจ ืœื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื—ื’ื•ืจืช ื”ื—ืœื•ื“ื”,
01:28
is a story of urban pioneers discovering a new frontier.
18
88564
4984
ื”ื•ื ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื—ืœื•ืฆื™ื ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืžื’ืœื™ื ืกืคืจ ื—ื“ืฉ.
01:34
Mass media has omitted the fact that Braddock is predominantly black.
19
94744
5387
ื”ืžื“ื™ื” ื”ืชืขืœืžื” ืžื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื‘ืจืื“ื•ืง ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืฉื—ื•ืจื”.
01:41
Our existence has been co-opted, silenced and erased.
20
101066
5574
ื”ืงื™ื•ื ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื™ื” ื”ื“ื“ื™, ืฉืงื˜ ื•ืžื—ื•ืง.
01:47
Fourth generation in a lineage of women,
21
107731
4236
ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ ื‘ืฉื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื,
01:51
I was raised under the protection and care of Grandma Ruby,
22
111967
4690
ื’ื•ื“ืœืชื™ ืชื—ืช ื”ื’ื ื” ื•ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืกื‘ืชื” ืจื•ื‘ื™,
01:56
off 8th Street at 805 Washington Avenue.
23
116657
4375
ืœื™ื“ ืจื—ื•ื‘ 8 ื‘ืฉื“ืจืช ื•ื•ืฉื™ื ื’ื˜ื•ืŸ 805.
02:01
She worked as a manager for Goodwill.
24
121562
4558
ื”ื™ื ืขื‘ื“ื” ื›ืžื ื”ืœืช ื‘ื’ื•ื“ื•ื•ื™ืœ.
02:07
Mom was a nurse's aid.
25
127020
1794
ืืžื ื”ื™ืชื” ืขื•ื–ืจืช ืœืื—ื•ืช.
02:08
She watched the steel mills close and white flight to suburban developments.
26
128814
6347
ื”ื™ื ืฆืคืชื” ื‘ืžืคืขืœื™ ื”ืคืœื“ื” ื ืกื’ืจื™ื ื•ืœื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื•ืจื—ื™ื ืœืคืจื•ื•ืจื™ื.
02:16
By the time my generation walked the streets,
27
136708
2624
ืขื“ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื“ื•ืจ ืฉืœื™ ื”ืœืš ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช,
02:19
disinvestment at the local, state and federal level,
28
139332
5254
ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื‘ืจืžื” ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช, ื”ืžื“ื™ื ืชื™ืช ื•ื”ืคื“ืจืœื™ืช,
02:24
eroded infrastructure,
29
144586
1897
ืฉื—ืงื” ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช,
02:26
and the War on Drugs dismantled my family and community.
30
146483
6281
ื•ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืกืžื™ื ืคืจืงื” ืืช ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ ื•ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื”.
02:33
Grandma Ruby's stepfather Gramps
31
153890
2415
ื”ืื‘ื ื”ื—ื•ืจื’ ืฉืœ ืกื‘ืชื ืจื•ื‘ื™
02:36
was one of few black men to retire from Carnegie's mill with his pension.
32
156305
4689
ื”ื™ื” ืื—ื“ ืžื›ืžื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื—ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืคืจืฉื• ืžืžืคืขืœื™ ืงืจื ื’ื™ ืขื ื”ืคื ืกื™ื” ืฉืœื•.
02:40
He worked in high temperatures,
33
160994
2207
ื”ื•ื ืขื‘ื“ ื‘ื˜ืžืคืจื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื•ืช,
02:43
tearing down and rebuilding furnaces, cleaning up spilt metal and slag.
34
163201
5729
ืคื™ืจืง ื•ื”ืจื›ื™ื‘ ื›ื‘ืฉื ื™ื, ื ื™ืงื” ืžืชื›ืช ื•ืกื™ื’ื™ื ืฉื ืฉืคื›ื•.
02:49
The history of a place is written on the body and the landscape.
35
169586
6453
ื”ื”ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ื ื ื›ืชื‘ืช ืขืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”.
02:57
Areas of heavy truck traffic,
36
177766
2478
ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืชื ื•ืขืช ืžืฉืื™ื•ืช ื›ื‘ื“ื”,
03:00
exposure to benzene and atomized metals,
37
180244
4365
ื—ืฉื™ืคื” ืœื‘ื ื–ืŸ ื•ืžืชื›ื•ืช ื’ื–ื™ื•ืช,
03:04
risk cancer and lupus.
38
184609
3133
ืกื›ื ื” ืœืกืจื˜ืŸ ื•ื–ืื‘ืช.
03:10
One hundred twenty-three licensed beds, 652 employees,
39
190390
5457
ืžืื” ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืžื™ื˜ื•ืช ืžื•ืจืฉื•ืช, 652 ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื,
03:15
rehabilitation programs decimated.
40
195847
4502
ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ื•ื›ื—ื“ื•.
03:23
A housing discrimination lawsuit against Allegheny County
41
203486
3877
ืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืืคืœื™ื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื ื’ื“ ืžื—ื•ื– ืืœื ื’ื ื™
03:27
removed where the projects Talbot Towers once stood.
42
207363
5852
ื”ื•ืกืจื” ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ืžื’ื“ืœื™ ื˜ืœื‘ื•ื˜ ืขืžื“ื• ืคืขื.
03:33
Recent rezoning for more light industry has since appeared.
43
213215
5742
ื—ืœื•ืงืช ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืœืชืขืฉื™ื” ืงืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื•ืคื™ืขื” ืžืื–.
03:39
Google Maps and Google Earth pixelations conceal the flammable waste
44
219568
6027
ื”ืคื™ืงืกืœืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืžืคื•ืช ื’ื•ื’ืœ ื•ื’ื•ื’ืœ ืืจืช' ืžืกืชื™ืจื” ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืœืช ื”ื“ืœื™ืงื”
03:45
being used to squeeze the Bunn family off their home and land.
45
225595
5295
ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกื—ื•ื˜ ืืช ืžืฉืคื—ืช ื‘ืืŸ ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืฉื˜ื— ื•ื”ืื“ืžื” ืฉืœื”ื.
03:53
In 2013, I chartered a helicopter
46
233529
4016
ื‘ 2013, ืฉื›ืจืชื™ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ืคื˜ืจ
03:57
with my cameras to document this aggressive dispossession.
47
237545
5556
ืขื ื”ืžืฆืœืžื•ืช ืฉืœื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืขื“ ืืช ื”ื’ืจื•ืฉ ื”ืื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ ืžื”ื‘ืชื™ื.
04:05
In flight, my observation reveals thousands of plastic white bundles
48
245371
4881
ื‘ื˜ื™ืกื”, ื”ืื‘ื—ื ื” ืฉืœื™ ืžื’ืœื” ืืœืคื™ ื—ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ืœื‘ื ื•ืช
04:10
owned by a conservation industry
49
250252
3476
ื‘ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ
04:13
that claims it's eco-friendly
50
253728
2253
ืฉื˜ื•ืขื ืช ืœื™ื“ื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืœืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”
04:15
and recycles millions of tires
51
255981
2716
ื•ืžืžื—ื–ืจืช ืžืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืฆืžื™ื’ื™ื
04:18
to preserve people's lives
52
258697
2787
ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืžืจ ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื
04:21
and to improve people's lives.
53
261484
3076
ื•ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื.
04:25
My work spirals from the micro to the macro level,
54
265500
4961
ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืžื™ืงืจื• ืขืœ ืœืจืžืช ื”ืžืืงืจื•,
04:30
excavating hidden histories.
55
270461
3227
ืžื’ืœื” ื”ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื—ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช.
04:33
Recently, at the Seattle Art Museum,
56
273688
2508
ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”, ื‘ืžื•ื–ื™ืื•ืŸ ืกื™ืื˜ืœ ืœืื•ืžื ื•ืช,
04:36
Isaac Bunn and I mounted this exhibition,
57
276196
3970
ืื™ื™ื–ืง ื‘ืืŸ ื•ืื ื™ ื”ืขืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืชืฆื•ื’ื” ื”ื–ื•,
04:40
and the exhibition was used as a platform to launch his voice.
58
280166
5967
ื•ื”ืชืฆื•ื’ื” ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื›ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉื’ืจ ืืช ืงื•ืœื•.
04:46
Through reclamation of our narrative,
59
286133
3687
ื“ืจืš ืื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ ื”ื ืจื˜ื™ื‘ ืฉืœื ื•,
04:49
we will continue to fight historic erasure and socioeconomic inequality.
60
289820
5499
ื ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ืœื—ื ื‘ืฉื—ื™ืงื” ื”ื”ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ืช ื•ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืกื•ืฆื™ื• ืืงื•ื ื•ืžื™.
04:56
Thank you.
61
296179
2191
ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
04:58
(Applause)
62
298370
4030
(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7