Wiring a web for global good | Gordon Brown

448,927 views ใƒป 2009-07-22

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Hanan Rosemarin ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:13
Can I say how delighted I am to be away
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ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ื›ืžื” ืื ื™ ืžืื•ืฉืจ ืœื”ืชืจื—ืง
00:17
from the calm of Westminster and Whitehall? (Laughter)
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ืžื”ืจื•ื’ืข ื•ื”ืฉืงื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ืช?
00:22
This is Kim, a nine-year-old Vietnam girl,
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืงื™ื, ื™ืœื“ื” ื•ื™ืื˜ื ืžื™ืช ื‘ืช 9,
00:26
her back ruined by napalm,
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ื”ื’ื‘ ืฉืœื” ื—ืจื•ืš ืžืคืฆืฆืช ื ืคืœื,
00:31
and she awakened the conscience of the nation of America
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ื•ื”ื™ื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื” ืœืขื•ืจืจ ืืช ื”ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™
00:35
to begin to end the Vietnam War.
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ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืกื™ื•ื ืžืœื—ืžืช ื•ื™ืื˜ื ื.
00:38
This is Birhan, who was the Ethiopian girl
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ื–ื• ื‘ื™ืจื”ืืŸ, ื”ื™ืœื“ื” ื”ืืชื™ื•ืคื™ืช
00:43
who launched Live Aid in the 1980s,
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ืืฉืจ ื”ืฉื™ืงื” ืืช ืงื•ื ืฆืจื˜ ื”ื”ืชืจืžื” ืœื™ื™ื‘ ืื™ื™ื“ ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืฉืžื•ื ื™ื,
00:47
15 minutes away from death when she was rescued,
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ื”ื™ื ื ื™ืฆืœื” ื›ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ืžืจื—ืง 15 ื“ืงื•ืช ืžื”ืžื•ื•ืช.
00:50
and that picture of her being rescued is one that went round the world.
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ื•ื–ื• ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืœืชื” ืฉื”ืชืคืจืกืžื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
00:55
This is Tiananmen Square.
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ื–ื” ื›ื™ื›ืจ ื˜ื™ืืŸ-ืืŸ-ืžืŸ ื‘ืกื™ืŸ.
00:58
A man before a tank became a picture
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ืื“ื ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืคื ื™ ื˜ื ืง ื”ืคืš ืœืชืžื•ื ื”
01:02
that became a symbol for the whole world of resistance.
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ืฉื”ืคื›ื” ืœืกืžืœ, ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ืฉืœ ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช.
01:06
This next is the Sudanese girl,
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ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ื‘ืื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“ื” ืกื•ื“ื ื™ืช,
01:10
a few moments from death,
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ืจื’ืขื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช,
01:13
a vulture hovering in the background,
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ืขื•ืคื•ืช ื“ื•ืจืกื™ื ืžืจื—ืคื™ื ื‘ืจืงืข,
01:16
a picture that went round the world
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ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉื”ื•ืคืฆื” ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื
01:19
and shocked people into action on poverty.
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ื•ื–ื™ืขื–ืขื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืขื•ื ื™.
01:23
This is Neda, the Iranian girl
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ื–ื• ื ึถื“ื”, ื‘ื—ื•ืจื” ืื™ืจื ื™ืช
01:26
who was shot while at a demonstration with her father in Iran
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ืืฉืจ ื ื•ืจืชื” ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืคื’ื ื” ืขื ืื‘ื™ื” ื‘ืื™ืจืŸ
01:30
only a few weeks ago, and she is now the focus, rightly so,
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ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืกืคื•ืจื™ื, ื•ื”ื™ื ื›ืขืช ื‘ืžื•ืงื“ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ, ื•ื‘ืฆื“ืง,
01:35
of the YouTube generation.
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ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืจ ื”"ื™ื•-ื˜ื™ื•ื‘".
01:38
And what do all these pictures and events have in common?
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ื•ืžื” ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ืœื›ืœ ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื”ืœืœื•?
01:43
What they have in common is what we see unlocks
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ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืžืฉื—ืจืจื™ื
01:46
what we cannot see.
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ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื ื• ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช.
01:49
What we see unlocks the invisible ties
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืžืฉื•ื—ืจืจ: ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืจืื™ื
01:54
and bonds of sympathy that bring us together
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ืฉืœ ืกื™ืžืคืชื™ื” ืืฉืจ ืžืงืจื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื• ื–ื” ืœื–ื”
01:57
to become a human community.
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ืœื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช.
02:02
What these pictures demonstrate is that
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ืžื” ืฉื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืžื“ื’ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื•ื
02:05
we do feel the pain of others,
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ืฉืื ื• ื—ืฉื™ื ืืช ื›ืื‘ื ืฉืœ ืื—ืจื™ื,
02:07
however distantly.
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ืœื ืžืฉื ื” ื›ืžื” ื”ื ืจื—ื•ืงื™ื ืžืื™ืชื ื•.
02:09
What I think these pictures demonstrate
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ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืกื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืžืžื—ื™ืฉื•ืช
02:12
is that we do believe in something bigger than ourselves.
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ื”ื•ื ืฉืื ื• ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉื”ื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืื™ืชื ื•.
02:16
What these pictures demonstrate is
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ืžื” ืฉื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืžืจืื•ืช ืœื ื•
02:19
that there is a moral sense across all religions, across all faiths,
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ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื•ืกืจ ื”ื—ื•ืฆื” ื“ืชื•ืช, ื—ื•ืฆื” ืืžื•ื ื•ืช
02:24
across all continents -- a moral sense that
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ื—ื•ืฆื” ื™ื‘ืฉื•ืช -- ื—ื•ืฉ ืžื•ืกืจื™ ืืฉืจ
02:28
not only do we share the pain of others,
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ื’ื•ืจื ืœื ื• ืœื ืจืง ืœื—ื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ืื‘ื ืฉืœ ืื—ืจื™ื;
02:30
and believe in something bigger than ourselves
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ื•ืœื”ืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉื”ื• ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืขืฆืžื ื•
02:32
but we have a duty to act when we see things
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ืืœื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื›ืฉืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื
02:34
that are wrong that need righted,
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ืขื•ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื“ื•ืจืฉื•ืช ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ,
02:36
see injuries that need to be corrected,
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ืจื•ืื™ื ื ื–ืงื™ื ื”ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ืชืงื ื”,
02:38
see problems that need to be rectified.
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ืจื•ืื™ื ืชืงืœื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืชืงืŸ.
02:42
There is a story about Olof Palme, the Swedish Prime Minister,
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ืžืกืคืจื™ื ืขืœ ืื•ืœื•ืฃ ืคืืœืžื”, ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ืฉื‘ื“ื™,
02:46
going to see Ronald Reagan in America in the 1980s.
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ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื ืฉื™ื ืจื•ื ืœื“ ืจื™ื™ื’ืŸ ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘ ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืฉืžื•ื ื™ื.
02:49
Before he arrived Ronald Reagan said --
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ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข ืจื•ื ืœื“ ืจื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืืžืจ --
02:51
and he was the Swedish Social Democratic Prime Minister --
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืจืืฉ ืžืžืฉืœื” ืžื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ื”ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœ ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช --
02:53
"Isnโ€™t this man a communist?"
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"ื”ืื™ืฉ ื”ื–ื” ืœื ืงื•ืžื•ื ื™ืกื˜?"
02:56
The reply was, "No, Mr President, heโ€™s an anti-communist."
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ื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ืชื”, "ืœื, ืื“ื•ื ื™ ื”ื ืฉื™ื, ื”ื•ื ืื ื˜ื™-ืงื•ืžื•ื ื™ืกื˜."
03:00
And Ronald Reagan said, "I donโ€™t care what kind of communist he is!"
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ื•ืจื•ื ืœื“ ืจื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืืžืจ, "ืœื ืื›ืคืช ืœื™ ืื™ื–ื” ืกื•ื’ ืงื•ืžื•ื ื™ืกื˜ ื”ื•ื!"
03:03
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
03:05
Ronald Reagan asked Olof Palme,
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ืจื•ื ืœื“ ืจื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืฉืืœ ืืช ืื•ืœื•ืฃ ืคืืœืžื”,
03:08
the Social Democratic Prime Minister of Sweden,
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ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœ ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ืฉื‘ื“ื™ื”,
03:11
"Well, what do you believe in? Do you want to abolish the rich?"
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"ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื‘ืžื” ืืชื” ืžืืžื™ืŸ? ืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื—ืกืœ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืฉืจ?"
03:15
He said, "No, I want to abolish the poor."
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ื”ื•ื ืขื ื”, "ืœื. ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืžื’ืจ ืืช ื”ืขื•ื ื™."
03:18
Our responsibility is to let everyone have the chance
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืืช ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช
03:21
to realize their potential to the full.
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ืœืžืฆื•ืช ืืช ืžืœื•ื ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ืฉืœื”ื.
03:25
I believe there is a moral sense and a global ethic
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ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ื—ื•ืฉ ืžื•ืกืจื™ ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™
03:29
that commands attention from people of every religion
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ืืฉืจ ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืืช ืชืฉื•ืžืช ื”ืœื‘ ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืชื•ืช
03:32
and every faith, and people of no faith.
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ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืืžื•ื ื•ืช, ื•ื’ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืœืœื ืืžื•ื ื”.
03:36
But I think what's new is that we now have the capacity
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื›ืขืช ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช
03:40
to communicate instantaneously across frontiers
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ืœืชืงืฉืจ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืฆื” ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช
03:42
right across the world.
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ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
03:45
We now have the capacity to find common ground
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœืžืฆื•ื ืžื›ื ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ
03:47
with people who we will never meet,
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ืขื ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ื ืคื’ื•ืฉ
03:49
but who we will meet through the Internet and through
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ืื‘ืœ ื ืคื’ื•ืฉ ืื•ืชื ื“ืจืš ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ื•ื“ืจืš
03:54
all the modern means of communication;
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ืืžืฆืขื™ ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื,
03:56
that we now have the capacity to organize
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ืืฉืจ ืœื”ื ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ืชืืจื’ืŸ
03:58
and take collective action together
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ื•ืœื”ืชืื’ื“ ื™ื—ื“ื™ื• ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืคืขื•ืœื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช
04:01
to deal with the problem or an injustice
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ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืื• ื”ืขื•ื•ืœื•ืช
04:04
that we want to deal with;
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ืื™ืชื ืื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“,
04:06
and I believe that this makes this a unique age in human history,
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื•ืคืš ืืช ื”ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ ืœื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช,
04:09
and it is the start of what I would call
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ื•ื–ื• ืชื—ื™ืœืชื” ืฉืœ ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืžื›ื ื”
04:12
the creation of a truly global society.
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ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช ืืžื™ืชื™ืช.
04:16
Go back 200 years when the slave trade was
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ื—ื–ืจื• 200 ืฉื ื” ืœืชืงื•ืคื” ื‘ื” ื”ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื”ื™ืชื”
04:19
under pressure from William Wilberforce and all the protesters.
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ืชื—ืช ืžืื‘ืงื ืฉืœ ื•ื™ืœื™ืื ื•ื™ืœื‘ืจืคื•ืจืก ื•ืžืคื’ื™ื ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื.
04:24
They protested across Britain.
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ื”ื ื”ืคื’ื™ื ื• ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ื”.
04:26
They won public opinion over a long period of time.
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ื”ื ื–ื›ื• ื‘ืื”ื“ื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘.
04:29
But it took 24 years for the campaign to be successful.
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืงื— 24 ืฉื ื™ื ืขื“ ืฉื”ืžื—ืื” ื ืฉืื” ืคืจื™.
04:33
What could they have done with the pictures that they could have shown
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ืžื” ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืขื ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ื ื™ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืจืื•ืช
04:36
if they were able to use the modern means of communication
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ืื ื”ื™ืชื” ืขื•ืžื“ืช ืœืจืฉื•ืชื ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช
04:40
to win peopleโ€™s hearts and minds?
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉื‘ื•ืช ืืช ืœื™ื‘ื ื•ื“ืขืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืงื”ืœ?
04:42
Or if you take Eglantyne Jebb,
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ืื• ืื ืชืงื—ื• ืืช ืื’ืœื ื˜ื™ืŸ ื’'ื‘.
04:44
the woman who created Save the Children 90 years ago.
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ื”ืื™ืฉื” ืืฉืจ ื”ืงื™ืžื” ืืช "ื”ืฆื™ืœื• ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื" ืœืคื ื™ 90 ืฉื ื”.
04:47
She was so appalled by what was happening in Austria
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ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ื›ื” ืžื–ื•ืขื–ืขืช ืžืžื” ืฉื”ืชืจื—ืฉ ื‘ืื•ืกื˜ืจื™ื”
04:51
as a result of the First World War and what was happening to children
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ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื•ืžื” ืฉืงืจื” ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื
04:55
who were part of the defeated families of Austria,
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ืฉื’ื“ืœื• ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื”ืื•ืกื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื‘ืกื•ืช,
04:59
that in Britain she wanted to take action,
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ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ืงืฉื” ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ื”,
05:01
but she had to go house to house,
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื ื ืืœืฆื” ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžื‘ื™ืช ืœื‘ื™ืช,
05:03
leaflet to leaflet, to get people to attend a rally
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ืœื—ืœืง ืขืœื•ืŸ ื•ืขื•ื“ ืขืœื•ืŸ, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืกื•ืฃ ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื”ืคื’ื™ืŸ
05:06
in the Royal Albert Hall
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ื‘ืื•ืœื ืืœื‘ืจื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ
05:09
that eventually gave birth to Save the Children,
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ืžื—ืื” ืฉื”ื•ืœื™ื“ื” ืืช ืืจื’ื•ืŸ "ื”ืฆื™ืœื• ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื",
05:12
an international organization that is now fully recognized
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ืื™ืจื’ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืœืื•ืžื™ ื”ืžื•ื›ืจ ื›ืขืช
05:15
as one of the great institutions in our land and in the world.
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ื›ืื—ื“ ื”ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื”ื•ืœืœื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
05:19
But what more could she have done
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืขื•ื“ ื”ื™ื ื™ื›ืœื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช
05:21
if sheโ€™d had the modern means of communications available to her
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ืœื• ืขืžื“ื• ืœืจืฉื•ืช ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช
05:24
to create a sense that the injustice that people saw
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ืœื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื”ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉื”ืขื•ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืจืื• ืื ืฉื™ื
05:27
had to be acted upon immediately?
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ื“ื•ืจืฉื•ืช ืคืขื•ืœื” ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ืช?
05:29
Now look at whatโ€™s happened in the last 10 years.
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ื›ืขืช ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื• ืžื” ื”ืชืจื—ืฉ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš 10 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช.
05:32
In Philippines in 2001, President Estrada --
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ื‘ืคื™ืœื™ืคื™ื ื™ื ื‘ 2001, ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืืกื˜ืจื“ื” --
05:35
a million people texted each other about the corruption of that regime,
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ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืกืžืกื™ื ื–ื” ืœื–ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉื˜ืจื•,
05:40
eventually brought it down and it was, of course, called the "coup de text." (Laughter)
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ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ืคื™ืœื• ืืช ืžืฉื˜ืจื• ื•ื–ื” ื ืงืจื, ืœืžืขืฉื”, "ื”ืžืชืช ื—ืกื“ ืกืœื•ืœืจื™ืช".
05:46
Then you have in Zimbabwe the first election under Robert Mugabe a year ago.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื–ื™ืžื‘ื‘ื•ืื” ืชื—ืช ืฉืœื˜ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืจื•ื‘ืจื˜ ืžื•ื’ืื‘ื” ื‘ืฉื ื” ืฉืขื‘ืจื”.
05:51
Because people were able to take mobile phone photographs
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ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื™ื›ืœื• ืœืฆืœื ื‘ื˜ืœืคื•ื ื™ื ื”ื ื™ื™ื“ื™ื
05:54
of what was happening at the polling stations, it was impossible
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ืืช ืฉื”ืชืจื—ืฉ ื‘ืขืžื“ื•ืช ื”ื”ืฆื‘ืขื”, ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™
05:57
for that Premier to fix that election in the way that he wanted to do.
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ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืœืฉื‘ืฉ ืืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืช.
06:01
Or take Burma and the monks that were blogging out,
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ืงื—ื• ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื ืืช ื‘ื•ืจืžื” ื•ื”ื ื–ื™ืจื™ื ืฉื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื• ื‘ื‘ืœื•ื’ื™ื,
06:05
a country that nobody knew anything about that was happening, until these blogs
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ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืื™ืฉ ืœื ื™ื“ืข ืžื” ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ื” ืขื“ ืื•ืชื ื‘ืœื•ื’ื™ื
06:09
told the world that there was a repression,
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ืฉื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื• ืœืขื•ืœื ืฉืงื™ื™ื ื“ื™ื›ื•ื™.
06:11
meaning that lives were being lost
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ืฉืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื• ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื
06:13
and people were being persecuted and Aung San Suu Kyi,
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ื•ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ื”ื ืจื“ืคื™ื ื•ืœืื•ื ื’ ืกืŸ ืกื• ืงื™ื™
06:16
who is one of the great prisoners of conscience of the world,
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ืื—ืช ืžืืกื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื,
06:20
had to be listened to.
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ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืงืฉื™ื‘.
06:22
Then take Iran itself, and what people are doing today:
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ื›ืขืช ืจืื• ืืช ืื™ืจืŸ, ื•ืžื” ืฉืื–ืจื—ื™ื” ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื,
06:26
following what happened to Neda,
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ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืžื” ืฉืงืจื” ืœื ึถื“ื”,
06:29
people who are preventing the security services of Iran finding those people
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ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ืืฉืจ ืžื•ื ืขื™ื ืžื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืื™ืจืŸ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื
06:35
who are blogging out of Iran, any by everybody who is blogging,
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ืืฉืจ ืžื“ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ื‘ื‘ืœื•ื’ื™ื ืžืชื•ืš ืื™ืจืŸ,
06:38
changing their address to Tehran, Iran,
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ืžืฉื ื™ื ืืช ื›ืชื•ื‘ืชื ืœื˜ื”ืจืŸ, ืื™ืจืŸ,
06:41
and making it difficult for the security services.
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ื•ืžืงืฉื™ื ืขืœ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ.
06:43
Take, therefore, what modern technology is capable of:
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ืจืื•, ืื ื›ืŸ, ืœืžื” ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช ืžืกื•ื’ืœืช:
06:47
the power of our moral sense allied to the power of communications
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ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื•ืฉ ื”ืฆื“ืง ืœืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช
06:54
and our ability to organize internationally.
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ื•ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฉืœื ื• ืœื”ืชืืจื’ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™.
06:57
That, in my view, gives us the first opportunity as a community
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ื–ื”, ื‘ืขื™ื ื™, ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื ื• ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื›ืงื”ื™ืœื”
07:01
to fundamentally change the world.
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ืœืฉื ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื”ื•ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื.
07:05
Foreign policy can never be the same again. It cannot be run by elites;
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ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ืฅ ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ื›ืฉื”ื™ืชื”. ื”ื™ื ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ืฉื™ื™ื›ืช ืœืืœื™ื˜ื•ืช;
07:08
itโ€™s got to be run by listening to the public opinions of peoples who are blogging,
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ื”ื™ื ืชื•ืฉืคืข ืข"ื™ ื”ืื–ื ื” ืœืจื—ืฉื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื‘ืœื•ื’ื™ื,
07:13
who are communicating with each other around the world.
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ืืฉืจ ืžืชืงืฉืจื™ื ื–ื” ืขื ื–ื” ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
07:16
200 years ago the problem we had to solve was slavery.
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ืœืคื ื™ 200 ืฉื ื” ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืคืชื•ืจ ืืช ื‘ืขื™ื™ืช ื”ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช.
07:20
150 years ago I suppose the main problem in a country like ours
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ืœืคื ื™ 150 ืฉื ื” ืื ื™ ืžืฉืขืจ ืฉื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ื”
07:24
was how young people, children, had the right to education.
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ื”ื™ืชื” ืื™ืš ืœืกืคืง ืœืฆืขื™ืจื™ื, ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื, ืืช ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš.
07:27
100 years ago in most countries in Europe, the pressure was for the right to vote.
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ืœืคื ื™ 100 ืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืื™ืจื•ืคื”, ื”ื™ื” ืžืื‘ืง ืขืœ ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจื”.
07:32
50 years ago the pressure was for the right to social security and welfare.
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ืœืคื ื™ 50 ืฉื ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืื‘ืง ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ื•ืช ื•ืจื•ื•ื—ื”.
07:37
In the last 50-60 years we have seen fascism, anti-Semitism, racism, apartheid,
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ื‘ืžื”ืœืš 50-60 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืจืื™ื ื• ืคืฉื™ื–ื, ืื ื˜ื™ืฉืžื™ื•ืช, ื’ื–ืขื ื•ืช, ืืคืจื˜ื”ื™ื™ื“,
07:43
discrimination on the basis of sex and gender and sexuality;
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ื•ืืคืœื™ื” ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ืžื™ืŸ ื•ื ื˜ื™ื” ืžื™ื ื™ืช;
07:48
all these have come under pressure
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ื™ืฉื ื• ืžืื‘ืง ื ื’ื“ ื›ืœ ืืœื•
07:50
because of the campaigns that have been run by people to change the world.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืžื—ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื.
07:54
I was with Nelson Mandela a year ago, when he was in London.
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ืฉื”ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืžื—ื™ืฆืช ื ืœืกื•ืŸ ืžื ื“ืœื” ื‘ืฉื ื” ืฉืขื‘ืจื” ื›ืฉื‘ื™ืงืจ ื‘ืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ.
07:58
I was at a concert that he was attending to mark his birthday
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ื ื›ื—ืชื™ ื‘ืงื•ื ืฆืจื˜ ืฉื ืขืจืš ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื™ื•ื ื”ื•ืœื“ืชื•
08:03
and for the creation of new resources for his foundation.
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ื•ืื™ืกื•ืฃ ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืขืžื•ืชื” ืฉืœื•.
08:08
I was sitting next to Nelson Mandela -- I was very privileged to do so --
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ื™ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืœืฆื™ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื ืœืกื•ืŸ ืžื ื“ืœื” -- ืจืื™ืชื™ ื‘ื›ืš ื–ื›ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” --
08:12
when Amy Winehouse came onto the stage. (Laughter)
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ื›ืฉืื™ื™ืžื™ ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืื•ืก ืขืœืชื” ืœื‘ืžื”
08:15
And Nelson Mandela was quite surprised at the appearance of the singer
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ื•ื ืœืกื•ืŸ ืžื ื“ืœื” ื”ื•ืคืชืข ืœืžื“ื™ ืžื”ืžืจืื” ืฉืœ ื”ื–ืžืจืช
08:19
and I was explaining to him at the time who she was.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื”ืกื‘ืจืชื™ ืœื• ืื– ืžื™ ื”ื™ื.
08:24
Amy Winehouse said, "Nelson Mandela and I have a lot in common.
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ืื™ื™ืžื™ ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืื•ืก ืืžืจื”, "ืœื ืœืกื•ืŸ ืžื ื“ืœื” ื•ืœื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ.
08:30
My husband too has spent a long time in prison."
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ื’ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื‘ื™ืœื” ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ื‘ื›ืœื".
08:35
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
08:38
Nelson Mandela then went down to the stage
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ื ืœืกื•ืŸ ืžื ื“ืœื” ืขืœื” ืœื‘ืžื”
08:42
and he summarized the challenge for us all.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืกื™ื›ื ืืช ื”ืืชื’ืจ ื”ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืคื ื™ื ื•.
08:45
He said in his lifetime he had climbed a great mountain, the mountain
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ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืฉื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื—ื™ื™ื• ื”ื•ื ื˜ื™ืคืก ืขืœ ื”ืจ ื’ื‘ื•ื”, ื”ื”ืจ
08:49
of challenging and then defeating racial oppression and defeating apartheid.
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ืฉืœ ืงืจื™ืืช ืชื™ื’ืจ ื•ื—ื™ืกื•ืœ ื”ื“ื™ื›ื•ื™ ื”ื’ื–ืขื™ ื•ื—ื™ืกื•ืœ ื”ืืคืจื˜ื”ื™ื™ื“.
08:53
He said that there was a greater challenge ahead,
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ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืฉืฆืคื•ื™ ืืชื’ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขืชื™ื“,
08:56
the challenge of poverty, of climate change -- global challenges
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ื”ืืชื’ืจ ืฉืœ ืขื•ื ื™, ืฉืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ืืงืœื™ื, ืืชื’ืจื™ื ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ื™ื
09:00
that needed global solutions
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ื”ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ื™ื
09:02
and needed the creation of a truly global society.
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ื•ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื—ื‘ืจืช ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช ืืžื™ืชื™ืช.
09:06
We are the first generation which is in a position to do this.
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ืื ื• ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช.
09:10
Combine the power of a global ethic
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ืฉืœื‘ื• ืืช ื›ื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืกืจ ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™
09:13
with the power of our ability to communicate
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ืขื ื”ืขื•ืฆืžื” ืฉื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช
09:18
and organize globally, with the challenges that we now face,
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ื•ื”ืชืืจื’ื ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ ืœืงืจืืช ื”ืืชื’ืจื™ื ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืคื ื™ื ื•,
09:22
most of which are global in their nature.
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ืืฉืจ ืœืจื•ื‘ื ืื•ืคื™ ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™.
09:25
Climate change cannot be solved in one country,
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ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืืงืœื™ื ืœื ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืœืคื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื•ื“ื“ืช
09:28
but has got to be solved by the world working together.
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ืืœื ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช.
09:31
A financial crisis, just as we have seen, could not be solved
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ืžืฉื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืจืื™ื ื•, ืœื ื™ื™ืคืชืจื•
09:33
by America alone or Europe alone;
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ืข"ื™ ืืžืจื™ืงื” ืื• ืื™ืจื•ืคื” ืœื‘ื“ืŸ;
09:35
it needed the world to work together.
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ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ืช.
09:37
Take the problems of security and terrorism and, equally,
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ืงื—ื• ืืช ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื˜ืจื•ืจ, ื•ื’ื
09:40
the problem of human rights and development:
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ืืช ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื—:
09:42
they cannot be solved by Africa alone;
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ื”ืŸ ืœื ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืœืคื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ืข"ื™ ืืคืจื™ืงื” ืœื‘ื“ื”;
09:44
they cannot be solved by America or Europe alone.
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ื”ืŸ ืœื ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืœืคื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ืข"ื™ ืืžืจื™ืงื” ืื• ืื™ืจื•ืคื” ืœื‘ื“ืŸ.
09:48
We cannot solve these problems unless we work together.
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ืœื ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืคืชื•ืจ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืืœื”, ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ื ืคืขืœ ื™ื—ื“ื™ื•.
09:51
So the great project of our generation, it seems to me,
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ื›ืš ืฉื”ืžื˜ืœื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืจื™ื ื•, ื›ืš ื ืจืื” ืœื™,
09:54
is to build for the first time, out of a global ethic
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ื”ื™ื ื”ืงืžืชื• ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืžื•ืกืจ ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™
09:57
and our global ability to communicate
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ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ื ื• ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช
09:59
and organize together, a truly global society,
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ื•ืœื”ืชืื’ื“ ื™ื—ื“ื™ื•, ื—ื‘ืจื” ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช ืืžื™ืชื™ืช,
10:02
built on that ethic but with institutions
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ื”ืžื•ืฉืชืช ืขืœ ืžื•ืกืจ ืืš ืขื ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช
10:06
that can serve that global society and make for a different future.
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ืืฉืจ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ืœืฉืจืช ืืช ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช ื•ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืขืชื™ื“.
10:10
We have now, and are the first generation with, the power to do this.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื›ืขืช, ื•ืื ื• ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื•, ืืช ื”ื›ื— ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช.
10:15
Take climate change. Is it not absolutely scandalous
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ืงื—ื• ืืช ื”ื”ืชื—ืžืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช. ื”ืื ื–ื• ืื™ื ื” ืฉืขืจื•ืจื™ื”
10:17
that we have a situation
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ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืžืฆื‘
10:19
where we know that there is a climate change problem,
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ืฉื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœื ื• ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืขื™ื™ืช ืืงืœื™ื,
10:23
where we know also that that will mean we have to give more resources
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ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœื ื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื
10:26
to the poorest countries to deal with that,
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ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืขื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื”ื‘ืขื™ื”,
10:28
when we want to create a global carbon market,
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ื›ืฉื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื ื• ืœื ื”ืœ ืžืื–ืŸ ื’ื–ื™ ื—ืžืžื” ืขื•ืœืžื™,
10:31
but there is no global institution
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ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืŸ ืžื•ืกื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืื•ืžื™
10:33
that people have been able to agree upon
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ื”ืžื•ืกื›ื ืขืœ ื›ื•ืœื
10:35
to deal with this problem?
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ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื‘ืขื™ื”?
10:37
One of the things that has got to come out of Copenhagen in the next few months
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ืื—ืช ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ืžืงื•ืคื ื”ื’ืŸ ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื
10:40
is an agreement that there will be
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ื”ื™ื ื”ืกื›ืžื” ืฉื™ื”ื™ื”
10:42
a global environmental institution
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ืžื•ืกื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืื•ืžื™ ืœื ื•ืฉืื™ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”
10:44
that is able to deal
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ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื˜ืคืœ
10:46
with the problems of persuading the whole of the world
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ื‘ื‘ืขื™ื” ืฉืœ ืฉื›ื ื•ืข ืขื•ืœืžื™
10:49
to move along a climate-change agenda.
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ืœืงื“ื ืกื“ืจ-ื™ื•ื ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืืงืœื™ื.
10:52
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
10:58
One of the reasons why an institution is not in itself enough
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ืื—ืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืžื•ืกื“ ืื™ื ื• ืžืกืคื™ืง
11:03
is that we have got to persuade people around the world
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ื”ื™ื ืฉืื ื• ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœืฉื›ื ืข ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื
11:05
to change their behavior as well,
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ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื,
11:07
so you need that global ethic of fairness and responsibility
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ืœื›ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืžื•ืกืจ ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ ืฉืœ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช
11:10
across the generations.
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ื”ื—ื•ืฆื” ื“ื•ืจื•ืช.
11:12
Take the financial crisis.
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ืงื—ื• ืืช ื”ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™.
11:14
If people in poorer countries can be hit by a crisis that starts in New York
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ืื ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืขื ื™ื•ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ืคื’ืข ืžืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง
11:20
or starts in the sub-prime market of the United States of America.
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ืื• ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ืžืฉื›ื ืชืื•ืช ืฉืœ ืืจื”"ื‘.
11:24
If people can find that that sub-prime product
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ืื ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื’ืœื™ื ืฉืชื•ืฆืจื™ ื”ืžืฉื›ื ืชื”
11:26
has been transferred across nations
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ื—ื•ืฆื™ื ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช
11:28
many, many times until it ends up in banks in Iceland
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ื•ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœื‘ื ืงื™ื ื‘ืื™ืกืœื ื“
11:30
or the rest in Britain,
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ืื• ืœืจื—ื‘ื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ื”,
11:32
and people's ordinary savings are affected by it,
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ื•ื—ืกื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืื ืฉื™ื ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืžื•ืฉืคืขื™ื ืžื›ืš,
11:35
then you cannot rely on a system of national supervision.
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ืื– ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืกืžื•ืš ืขืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื”.
11:38
You need in the long run for stability, for economic growth,
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ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš, ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช, ืฆืžื™ื—ื”,
11:41
for jobs, as well as for financial stability,
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ืชืขืกื•ืงื”, ื•ื’ื ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช,
11:44
global economic institutions that make sure
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ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืฉืชืคืงื™ื“ื ืœื“ืื•ื’
11:47
that growth to be sustained has to be shared,
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ืฉื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช,
11:49
and are built on the principle
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ื•ืžื•ืฉืชืช ืขืœ ื”ืขื™ืงืจื•ืŸ
11:51
that the prosperity of this world is indivisible.
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ืฉื”ืฉื’ืฉื•ื’ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื—ืœื•ืงื”.
11:54
So another challenge for our generation is to create global institutions
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ื›ืš ืฉืืชื’ืจ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืจื™ื ื• ื”ื™ื ื• ื”ืงืžืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื
11:57
that reflect our ideas of fairness and responsibility,
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ื”ืžืฉืงืคื™ื ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช,
12:01
not the ideas that were the basis
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ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ืขืžื“ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื‘ืกื™ืก
12:03
of the last stage of financial development over these recent years.
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ื”ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช.
12:08
Then take development and take the partnership we need between our countries
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ื›ืขืช ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื• ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื•ืจืื• ืืช ื”ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•
12:12
and the rest of the world, the poorest part of the world.
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ื•ื™ืชืจ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื”ื—ืœืงื™ื ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
12:17
We do not have the basis of a proper partnership for the future,
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ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืก ืœืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ืืžืช ืœืขืชื™ื“,
12:21
and yet, out of peopleโ€™s desire for a global ethic
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ื•ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื–ืืช, ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืฉืื™ืคื” ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ืœืžื•ืกืจ ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™
12:24
and a global society that can be done.
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ื•ื—ื‘ืจื” ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช ื–ื” ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื’ื”.
12:27
I have just been talking to the President of Sierra Leone.
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ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืฉื•ื—ื—ืชื™ ืขื ื ืฉื™ื ืกื™ื™ืจื” ืœืื•ื ื”.
12:30
This is a country of six and a half million people,
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ื–ื• ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืฉื” ืžืœื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื—ืฆื™ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื,
12:33
but it has only 80 doctors; it has 200 nurses;
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืœื” ืจืง 80 ืจื•ืคืื™ื, 200 ืื—ื™ื•ืช,
12:37
it has 120 midwives.
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ื•- 120 ืžื™ื™ืœื“ื•ืช.
12:40
You cannot begin to build a healthcare system for six million people
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ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืฉื” ืžืœื™ื•ืŸ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื
12:44
with such limited resources.
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ืขื ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื›ื” ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื™ื.
12:47
Or take the girl I met when I was in Tanzania,
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ืงื—ื• ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื” ืฉืคื’ืฉืชื™ ื‘ื˜ื ื–ื ื™ื”,
12:49
a girl called Miriam.
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ื™ืœื“ื” ื•ืฉืžื” ืžืจื™ื.
12:51
She was 11 years old; her parents had both died from AIDS,
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ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ืช 11, ื”ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืชื• ืžืื™ื™ื“ืก,
12:55
her mother and then her father.
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ืงื•ื“ื ืื™ืžื” ื•ืื—"ื› ืื‘ื™ื”.
12:57
She was an AIDS orphan being handed
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ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ื™ืชื•ืžืช ืื™ื™ื“ืก ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื”
13:00
across different extended families to be cared for.
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืื•ืžื ื” ืฉื•ื ื•ืช.
13:03
She herself was suffering from HIV;
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ื”ื™ื ืขืฆืžื” ื”ื™ืชื” ื ืฉืื™ืช HIV,
13:05
she was suffering from tuberculosis.
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ื•ืกื‘ืœื” ืžืžื—ืœืช ื”ืฉื—ืคืช.
13:07
I met her in a field, she was ragged, she had no shoes.
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ืคื’ืฉืชื™ ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืฉื“ื”, ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ืžืจื•ืคื˜ืช, ื™ื—ืคื”.
13:11
When you looked in her eyes, any girl at the age of eleven
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ื›ืฉื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ืช ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื”, ื›ืœ ื™ืœื“ื” ื‘ืช 11
13:14
is looking forward to the future,
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ืฆื•ืคื” ืืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“,
13:17
but there was an unreachable sadness in that girlโ€™s eyes
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ื™ืœื“ื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื” ืขืฆื‘ ืœื ืžื•ืฉื’
13:21
and if I could have translated that to the rest of the world for that moment,
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ื•ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ื–ื• ืœื™ืชืจ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืจื’ืข ื–ื”,
13:26
I believe that all the work that it had done for the global HIV/AIDS fund
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ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช ื‘ืงืจืŸ ืœืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืื™ื™ื“ืก
13:30
would be rewarded by people being prepared to make donations.
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ื”ื™ืชื” ื’ื“ืœื” ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื• ืชื•ืจืžื™ื.
13:33
We must then build a proper relationship between the richest and
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ืœื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื•ืช
13:37
the poorest countries
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ื•ื”ืขื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
13:39
based on our desire that they are able to fend for themselves
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ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืขืœ ืฉืื™ืคืชื ื• ืฉื”ื ื™ื“ืื’ื• ืœืขืฆืžื
13:42
with the investment that is necessary in their agriculture,
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ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื,
13:45
so that Africa is not a net importer of food, but an exporter of food.
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ื›ืš ืฉืืคืจื™ืงื” ืชื”ืคื•ืš ืžื™ื‘ื•ืื ื™ืช ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ืœื™ืฆื•ืื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžื–ื•ืŸ.
13:49
Take the problems of human rights and
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ื ื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื–ืจื—
13:51
the problems of security in so many countries around the world.
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ื•ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื›ื” ืจื‘ื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
13:54
Burma is in chains, Zimbabwe is a human tragedy,
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ื‘ื•ืจืžื” ื›ื‘ื•ืœื”, ื–ื™ืžื‘ื‘ื•ืื” ื”ื™ื ื” ื˜ืจื’ื“ื™ื” ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช,
13:59
in Sudan thousands of people have died unnecessarily
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ื‘ืกื•ื“ืŸ ืžืชื• ืืœืคื™ื ืœืฉื•ื•ื
14:02
for wars that we could prevent.
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ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืœืžื ื•ืข.
14:05
In the Rwanda Children's Museum,
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ื‘ืžื•ื–ื™ืื•ืŸ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ืจื•ืื ื“ื”,
14:08
there is a photograph of a 10-year-old boy
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ื™ืฉ ืชืฆืœื•ื ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“ ื‘ืŸ 10
14:12
and the Children's Museum is commemorating the lives that were lost
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ื•ืžื•ื–ื™ืื•ืŸ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžื ืฆื™ื— ืืช ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื
14:18
in the Rwandan genocide where a million people died.
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ื‘ืจืฆื— ื”ืขื ื‘ืจื•ืื ื“ื” ื‘ื• ื ืกืคื• ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื.
14:22
There is a photograph of a boy called David.
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ื™ืฉ ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“ ื‘ืฉื ื“ื•ื™ื“.
14:25
Beside that photograph there is the information about his life.
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ืœืฆื“ ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื™ืฉ ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ื•.
14:29
It said "David, age 10."
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ื›ืชื•ื‘ "ื“ื•ื™ื“, ื‘ืŸ 10."
14:32
David: ambition to be a doctor.
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ื“ื•ื™ื“: ืฉื•ืืฃ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืจื•ืคื.
14:35
Favorite sport: football. What did he enjoy most?
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ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ืžื•ืขื“ืฃ: ื›ื“ื•ืจื’ืœ. ืžืžื” ื”ื•ื ื ื”ื ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ?
14:39
Making people laugh.
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ืœื”ืฆื—ื™ืง ืื ืฉื™ื.
14:42
How did he die?
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ืžืžื” ื”ื•ื ืžืช?
14:45
Tortured to death.
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ืขื•ื ื” ืœืžื•ื•ืช.
14:47
Last words said to his mother who was also tortured to death:
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ืžื™ืœื•ืชื™ื• ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืœืืžื•, ืฉื’ื ืขื•ื ืชื” ืœืžื•ื•ืช:
14:52
"Don't worry. The United Nations are coming."
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"ืืœ ืชื“ืื’ื™. ื”ืื•"ื ืžื’ื™ืข."
14:56
And we never did.
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ื•ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื”ื’ืขื ื•.
14:59
And that young boy believed our promises
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ื•ื”ื™ืœื“ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื”ืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืชื™ื ื•
15:01
that we would help people in difficulty in Rwanda,
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ืฉื ืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืงืฉื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื•ืื ื“ื”,
15:04
and we never did.
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ื•ืœื ืขืฉื™ื ื• ื–ืืช.
15:06
So we have got to create in this world also
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ืื– ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื–ื” ื’ื
15:08
institutions for peacekeeping and humanitarian aid,
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ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืœืฉืžื™ืจืช ืฉืœื•ื ื•ืกื™ื•ืข ื”ื•ืžื ื™ื˜ืจื™,
15:11
but also for reconstruction and security
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ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ืœื‘ื ื™ื” ื•ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ
15:14
for some of the conflict-ridden states of the world.
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ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื ืžืฆืื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ืžื•ืชื™ื.
15:17
So my argument today is basically this.
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ืื– ื”ื˜ื™ืขื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื•ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ื–ื”.
15:20
We have the means by which we could create a truly global society.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืœื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื—ื‘ืจื” ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช ืืžื™ืชื™ืช.
15:23
The institutions of this global society can be created by our endeavors.
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ื”ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช ื–ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืงืžื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืคืขื•ืœื•ืชื™ื ื•.
15:29
That global ethic can infuse the fairness and responsibility that is necessary
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ื”ืžื•ืกืจ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ ื™ื™ืฆื•ืง ืืช ื”ื”ื’ื™ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช
15:33
for these institutions to work,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืืœื• ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืชืคืงื“,
15:36
but we should not lose the chance in this generation,
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ืืš ืืœ ืœื ื• ืœื”ื—ืžื™ืฅ ืืช ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื•ืจื™ื ื•,
15:39
in this decade in particular, with President Obama in America,
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ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจ ื–ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ื›ืฉื”ื ืฉื™ื ืื•ื‘ืžื” ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘,
15:43
with other people working with us around the world,
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ืขื ืื ืฉื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืขืžื ื• ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื,
15:46
to create global institutions for the environment,
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ืœื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ื™ื ืœืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”,
15:48
and for finance,
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ื•ืœื›ืœื›ืœื”,
15:50
and for security and for development,
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ื•ืœื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื•ืœืคื™ืชื•ื—,
15:52
that make sense of our responsibility to other peoples,
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ื”ืžืฉืชืœื‘ื™ื ืขื ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื™ื ื• ืœืขืžื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื,
15:55
our desire to bind the world together, and
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ืฉืื™ืคืชื ื• ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื™ื—ื“ื™ื•,
15:58
our need to tackle problems that everybody knows exist.
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ื•ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื• ืœืชืงื•ืฃ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช.
16:02
It is said that in Ancient Rome that when Cicero spoke to his audiences,
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ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื‘ืจื•ืžื ื”ืขืชื™ืงื”, ื›ืฉืงื™ืงืจื• ื ืื ืœืงื”ืœื•,
16:07
people used to turn to each other and say about Cicero, "Great speech."
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืคื ื• ื–ื” ืœื–ื” ื•ืืžืจื• ืขืœ ืงื™ืงืจื•, "ื ืื•ื ื ื”ื“ืจ."
16:13
But it is said that in Ancient Greece
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ืื‘ืœ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืขืชื™ืงื”
16:15
when Demosthenes spoke to his audiences,
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ื›ืฉื“ืžื•ืกืชื ืก ื ืื ื‘ืคื ื™ ืงื”ืœ
16:18
people turned to each other and didnโ€™t say "Great speech."
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืคื ื• ื–ื” ืœื–ื” ื•ืœื ืืžืจื• "ื ืื•ื ื ื”ื“ืจ."
16:21
They said, "Let's march."
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ื”ื ืืžืจื•, "ื‘ื ื ืฆืขื“."
16:23
We should be marching towards a global society.
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ืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืฆืขื•ื“ ืœืขื‘ืจ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช.
16:26
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
16:27
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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