How to make a profit while making a difference | Audrey Choi

107,062 views ใƒป 2016-03-16

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Ido Dekkers ืžื‘ืงืจ: Yael Zeligman
00:13
I believe big institutions
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ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ื ื” ืฉืœืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื
00:15
have unique potential to create change,
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ื™ืฉ ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™,
00:17
and I believe that we as individuals
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ื ื” ืฉืœื ื• ื›ืื ืฉื™ื
00:19
have unique power
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ื™ืฉ ื›ื•ื— ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™
00:21
to influence the direction that those institutions take.
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ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื.
00:24
Now, these beliefs did not come naturally to me,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ืืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ืœื ืžื’ื™ืขื•ืช ืืœื™ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื˜ื‘ืขื™,
00:27
because trusting big institutions,
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืœืชืช ืืžื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื,
00:29
not really part of my family legacy.
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ื–ื” ืœื ืžืžืฉ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžืกื•ืจืช ื”ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ืช ืฉืœื™.
00:32
My mother escaped North Korea
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ืื™ืžื™ ื‘ืจื—ื” ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ ืงื•ืจื™ืื”
00:34
when she was 10 years old.
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ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ืช 10.
00:36
To do so, she had to elude every big institution in her life:
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช, ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ืชื—ืžืง ืžื›ืœ ืžื•ืกื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื”:
00:40
repressive governments, occupying armies
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ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช ืžื“ื›ืื•ืช, ืฆื‘ืื•ืช ื›ื•ื‘ืฉื™ื
00:43
and even armed border patrols.
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ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืคื˜ืจื•ืœื™ ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื—ืžื•ืฉื™ื.
00:46
Later, when she decided she wanted to emigrate to the United States,
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ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ืจืฆืชื” ืœื”ื’ืจ ืœืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช,
00:50
she had to defy an entire culture
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ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ืชืจื™ืก ืœืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœืžื”
00:52
that said the girls would never be the best and brightest.
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ืฉืืžืจื” ืฉื”ื‘ื ื•ืช ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืื• ื—ื›ืžื•ืช.
00:56
Only because her name happens to sound like a boy's
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ืจืง ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ืฉื ืฉืœื” ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื ืฉืžืข ื›ืžื• ืฉืœ ื‘ืŸ
00:59
was she able to finagle her way into the government immigration exam
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ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ืžืกื•ื’ืœืช ืœืชื—ืžืŸ ืืช ื“ืจื›ื” ืœื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช
01:02
to come to the United States.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช.
01:05
Because of her bravery and passion,
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืื•ืžืฅ ื•ื”ืชืฉื•ืงื” ืฉืœื”,
01:08
I've had all the opportunities that she never did,
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ื”ื™ื• ืœื™ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื” ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื”ื™ื•,
01:10
and that has made my story so different.
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ื•ื–ื” ืขืฉื” ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœื™ ืฉื•ื ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš.
01:14
Instead of running away from big institutions,
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืžืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื,
01:16
I've actually run toward them.
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ืœืžืขืฉื” ืจืฆืชื™ ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ื ื.
01:18
I've had the chance over the course of my career
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ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืงืจื™ืจื” ืฉืœื™
01:20
to work for The Wall Street Journal,
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ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื•ื•ืœ ืกื˜ืจื™ื˜ ื’'ื•ืจื ืœ,
01:22
the White House
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ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœื‘ืŸ
01:23
and now one of the largest financial institutions in the world,
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ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื—ื“ ื”ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื,
01:26
where I lead sustainable investing.
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ืฉื ื”ื•ื‘ืœืชื™ ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืž-ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช.
01:28
Now, these institutions are like tankers,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื”ื ื›ืžื• ืžื™ื›ืœื™ื•ืช,
01:31
and working inside of them,
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ื•ื›ืฉืขื‘ื“ืชื™ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื,
01:32
I've come to appreciate what large wakes they can leave,
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ืœืžื“ืชื™ ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืืช ื”ื’ืœื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ,
01:36
and I've become convinced
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ื•ื”ืคื›ืชื™ ืœืžืฉื•ื›ื ืขืช
01:37
that the institution of the global capital markets,
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ืฉื”ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื,
01:40
the nearly 290 trillion dollars of stocks and bonds in the world,
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ื›ืžืขื˜ 290 ื˜ืจื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืจ ืฉืœ ืžื ื™ื•ืช ื•ืื’ืจื•ืช ื—ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขื•ืœื,
01:45
that that may be one of our most powerful forces
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ืฉื–ื” ืื•ืœื™ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื—ื–ืงื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœื ื•
01:48
for positive social change at our disposal,
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ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ ืฉื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืœืฉืจื•ืชื™ื ื•,
01:50
if we ask it to be.
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ืื ื ื‘ืงืฉ ืžื”ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืš.
01:52
Now, I know some of you are thinking,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืฉื›ืžื” ืžื›ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื,
01:54
global capital markets, positive social change,
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ืฉืฉื•ื•ืงื™ ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ื™ื, ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™,
01:57
not usually in the same sentence or even the same paragraph.
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ืœื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืžืฉืคื˜ ืื• ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืคืกืงื”.
02:01
I think many people think of the capital markets
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื
02:03
kind of like an ocean.
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ื›ืžื• ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืก.
02:04
It's a vast, impersonal, uncaring force of nature
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ื–ื” ื›ื•ื— ื˜ื‘ืข ืœื ืื™ืฉื™, ืœื ืื™ืฉื™, ื•ืœื ืื›ืคืชื™,
02:08
that is not affected by our wishes or desires.
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ืฉืœื ืžื•ืฉืคืข ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจืฆื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืชืฉื•ืงื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
02:11
So the best that our little savings accounts
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ืื– ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•
02:13
or retirement accounts can do
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ืื• ื”ืคื ืกื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช
02:15
is to try to catch some waves in the good cycles
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ื–ื” ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœืชืคื•ืฉ ื›ืžื” ื’ืœื™ื ื‘ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘
02:18
and hope that we don't get inundated in the turbulent ones,
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ื•ืœืงื•ื•ืช ืœื ืœื”ื™ืงืœืข ืœืฉื™ื˜ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืœื™ื ื”ืกื•ืขืจื™ื.
02:20
but certainly our decisions on how to steer our little retirement accounts
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืขืœ ืื™ืš ืœื ื•ื•ื˜ ืืช ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืคื ืกื™ื” ื”ื–ืขื™ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื•
02:25
don't affect the tides,
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ืœื ืžืฉืคื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื’ืื•ืช,
02:26
don't change the shape or size or direction of the waves.
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ืœื ืžืฉืคื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืฆื•ืจื” ืื• ื”ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืื• ื”ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืœื™ื.
02:31
But why is that?
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืžื” ื–ื”?
02:33
Because actually, one third of this ocean of capital
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืœืžืขืฉื”, ืฉืœื™ืฉ ืžื”ืื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืก ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื•ืŸ
02:36
actually belongs to individuals like us,
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ืœืžืขืฉื” ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื›ืžื•ื ื•,
02:40
and most of the rest of the capital markets
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ื•ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืฉืืจ ืฉืœ ืฉื•ืงื™ ื”ื”ื•ืŸ
02:42
is controlled by the institutions that get their power and authority
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ื ืฉืœื˜ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืฉืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื— ื•ื”ืกืžื›ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื
02:45
and their capital from us,
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ื•ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื”ื ืžืื™ืชื ื•,
02:47
as members, participants, beneficiaries, shareholders or citizens.
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ื›ื—ื‘ืจื™ื, ืžืฉืชืชืคื™ื, ืžื•ื˜ื‘ื™ื, ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื ื™ื•ืช ืื• ืื–ืจื—ื™ื.
02:51
So if we are the ultimate owners of the capital markets,
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ืื– ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื‘ืขืœื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ ื”ื”ื•ืŸ,
02:55
why aren't we able to make our voices heard?
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ืœืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืœื”ืฉืžืข?
02:58
Why can't we make some waves?
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ืœืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืžื” ื’ืœื™ื?
03:00
So let me ask you a different question:
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ืื– ืชื ื• ืœื™ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืืชื›ื ืฉืืœื” ืฉื•ื ื”:
03:02
did any of you buy fair trade coffee
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ื”ืื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืžื›ื ืงื ื” ืงืคื” ื‘ืกื—ืจ ื”ื•ื’ืŸ
03:05
the last time you were at a supermarket or at Starbucks?
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ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื ื‘ืกื•ืคืจืžืจืงื˜ ืื• ื‘ืกื˜ืืจื‘ืืงืก?
03:07
OK. Do any of you go to the restaurant
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ืื•ืงื™ื™, ื”ืื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืžื›ื ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืžืกืขื“ื”
03:10
and order the sustainably farmed trout
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ื•ืžื–ืžื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืืœืชื™ืช ืฉื’ื•ื“ืœื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืงื™ื™ื
03:12
instead of the miso-glazed Chilean sea bass
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืืช ื”ืœื‘ืจืง ื”ืฆ'ื™ืœื™ืื ื™ ืžื–ื•ื’ื’ ื”ืžื™ืกื•
03:15
that you really wish you could have?
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ืฉื‘ืืžืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืงื—ืช?
03:17
Do any of you drive hybrid cars or even electric cars?
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ื”ืื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืžื›ื ื ื•ื”ื’ ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ื™ื‘ืจื™ื“ื™ืช ืื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ื—ืฉืžืœื™ืช?
03:21
So why do we do these things?
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ืื– ืœืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื•?
03:23
Right? One electric car doesn't amount to much in a fleet of 1.2 billion
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ื ื›ื•ืŸ? ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ื—ืฉืžืœื™ืช ืื—ืช ืœื ืžืฉื ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ืœืฆื™ ืฉืœ 1.2 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“
03:27
combustion engine vehicles.
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ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืขื ืžื ื•ืขื™ ื‘ืขื™ืจื” ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช.
03:29
One fish is just one fish in the sea.
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ื“ื’ ืื—ื“ ื”ื•ื ืจืง ื“ื’ ืื—ื“ ื‘ื™ื.
03:33
And one cup of coffee
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ื•ื›ื•ืก ืื—ืช ืฉืœ ืงืคื”
03:35
doesn't amount to a hill of beans in this crazy world.
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ืœื ืžืฉื ื” ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ืœื’ื‘ืขื” ืฉืœ ืคื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืฉื•ื’ืข ื”ื–ื”.
03:39
But we do these things because we believe they matter,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื ืžืฉื ื™ื,
03:41
that our actions add up,
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ืฉื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืžืชื•ื•ืกืคื•ืช,
03:43
that our choices might influence others
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ืฉื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืื•ืœื™ ื™ืฉืคื™ืขื• ืขืœ ืื—ืจื™ื
03:45
and collectively, what an impact we can have.
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ื•ื™ื—ื“, ืื™ื–ื• ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื ื•.
03:48
So, in my bag I have a coffee mug that I bought a couple of years ago.
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ืื–, ื‘ืชื™ืง ืฉืœื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ื›ื•ืก ืงืคื” ืฉืงื ื™ืชื™ ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืžื” ืฉื ื™ื.
03:51
It's a reusable mug. It has all these things printed on it.
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ื–ื” ืกืคืœ ืจื‘ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™. ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืฉื”ื•ื“ืคืกื• ืขืœื™ื•.
03:54
Look at some of the things that are on it, that it says.
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ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื• ื‘ื›ืžื” ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืขืœื™ื•, ืฉื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ.
03:57
"This one cup can be used again and again."
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"ื”ื›ื•ืก ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื”ื–ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘."
04:00
"This one cup may inspire others to use one too."
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"ื”ื›ื•ืก ื”ื–ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืชืช ื”ืฉืจืื” ืœืื—ืจื™ื ื’ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืื—ืช."
04:04
"This one cup helps save the planet."
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"ื”ื›ื•ืก ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื”ื–ื• ืขื•ื–ืจืช ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืคืœื ื˜ื”."
04:06
I had no idea this plastic cup was so powerful.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืžื•ืฉื’ ืฉื›ื•ืก ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ื”ื–ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื›ื” ื—ื–ืงื”.
04:09
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
04:10
So why do we think that our choice
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ืื– ืœืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืฉืœื ื•
04:12
of a four dollar shade-grown fair trade artisanal cup of coffee
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ืœืฉืœื ืืจื‘ืขื” ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ื•ืก ืงืคื” ืฉื’ื•ื“ืœ ื‘ืฆืœ, ื‘ืกื—ืจ ื”ื•ื’ืŸ, ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื™ื“, ื›ื•ืก ืจื‘ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ืช - ืžืฉื ื”
04:16
in a reusable mug matters,
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04:18
but what we do with 4,000 dollars in our investment account
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืขื 4,000 ื“ื•ืœืจ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•
04:21
for our IRA doesn't?
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ืœืžืก ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื” - ืœื ืžืฉื ื”?
04:23
Why can't we tell the supermarket and the capital markets
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ืœืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืœืกื•ืคืจืžืจืงื˜ ื•ืœืฉื•ื•ืงื™ ื”ื”ื•ืŸ
04:26
that we care,
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ืฉืื›ืคืช ืœื ื•,
04:28
that we care about fair labor standards,
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ืฉืื›ืคืช ืœื ื• ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื•ื’ื ืช,
04:30
that we care about sustainable production methods
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ืฉืื›ืคืช ืœื ื• ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืงื™ื™ื
04:33
and about healthy communities?
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ื•ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช?
04:34
Why aren't we voting with our investment dollars,
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ืœืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื™ื ืขื ื›ืกืคื™ ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื” ืฉืœื ื•,
04:37
but we would vote with our lattes?
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ืื‘ืœ ื ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขื ื”ืœืื˜ื” ืฉืœื ื•?
04:40
So I think it has something to do with the myths,
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ืื– ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื–ื” ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืžื™ืชื•ืก
04:43
the fables that we all carry around in our collective consciousness.
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ื”ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื• ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืื™ืชื ื• ื‘ืชื•ื“ืขื” ื”ืงื•ืœืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
04:47
Do you remember the Grimm's fairy tale about the magic porridge pot?
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ื”ืื ืืชื ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื ืืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ื”ืคื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืกื™ืจ ื“ื™ื™ืกืช ื”ืคืœื?
04:50
If you said to the pot, "Boil, little pot, boil,"
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ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœืกื™ืจ, "ืชืจืชื—, ืกื™ืจ ืงื˜ืŸ, ืชืจืชื—,"
04:53
it would fill up with sweet porridge.
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ื”ื•ื ื™ืชืžืœื ื‘ื“ื™ื™ืกื” ืžืชื•ืงื”.
04:55
And if you said, "Stop, little pot, stop,"
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ื•ืื ืืžืจืชื, "ืขืฆื•ืจ, ืกื™ืจ ืงื˜ืŸ, ืขืฆื•ืจ,"
04:57
it would stop.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืขื•ืฆืจ.
04:59
But if you got the words wrong, it wouldn't listen,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ืชื’ื™ื“ื• ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ืงืฉื™ื‘,
05:02
and things could go terribly awry.
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ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชื‘ืฉ ืžืื•ื“.
05:05
So I think when it comes to markets,
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ืื– ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื›ืฉื–ื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืœืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื,
05:07
we have a little bit of a similar fable in our heads.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืžืขืฉื™ื” ืงื˜ื ื” ื“ื•ืžื” ื‘ืจืืฉื ื•.
05:09
We believe that the markets is this magic pot
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉื”ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื”ื ืกื™ืจ ื”ืคืœื
05:12
that obeys only one command:
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ืฉืžืฆื™ื™ืช ืจืง ืœืคืงื•ื“ื” ืื—ืช:
05:14
make more money.
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ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ืกืฃ.
05:16
Only those words said exactly that way
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ืจืง ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื”ืืœื• ืฉื ืืžืจื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื“ืจืš
05:19
will make the pot fill up with gold.
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ื™ื’ืจืžื• ืœืกื™ืจ ืœื”ืชืžืœื ื‘ื–ื”ื‘.
05:22
Add in some extra words like "protect the environment,"
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ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื• ื›ืžื” ืžื™ืœื™ื ื›ืžื• "ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”,"
05:26
the spell might not work.
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ื•ื”ืœื—ืฉ ืื•ืœื™ ืœื ื™ืขื‘ื•ื“.
05:28
Put in the wrong words like "promote social justice,"
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ืฉื™ืžื• ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื”ืœื ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื›ืžื• "ืงื“ืžื• ืฆื“ืง ื—ื‘ืจืชื™,"
05:32
and you might see your gold coins shrink
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ื•ืืชื ืื•ืœื™ ืชืจืื• ืืช ืžื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช ื”ื–ื”ื‘ ืฉืœื›ื ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืฆื™ื
05:34
or even vanish entirely, according to this fable.
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ืื• ืืคื™ืœื• ื ืขืœืžื™ื ืœื’ืžืจื™, ืœืคื™ ื”ืžืขืฉื™ื” ื”ื–ื•.
05:38
So we asked people, what do you really think?
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ืื– ืฉืืœื ื• ืื ืฉื™ื, ืžื” ืืชื ื‘ืืžืช ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื?
05:41
And we actually went out and polled a thousand individual investors,
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ื•ืœืžืขืฉื” ื™ืฆืื ื• ื•ื“ื’ืžื ื• ืืœืฃ ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื,
05:45
and we found something fascinating.
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ื•ืžืฆืื ื• ืžืฉื”ื• ืžืจืชืง.
05:47
Overwhelmingly,
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ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื’ื•ืจืคืช,
05:49
people wanted to add those extra words into the formula.
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืจืฆื• ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื”ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ืœื ื•ืกื—ื”.
05:52
71 percent of people said yes,
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71 ืื—ื•ื– ืžื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืืžืจื• ื›ืŸ,
05:55
they were interested in sustainable investing,
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ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื”ืฉืงืขื” ืžืงื™ื™ืžืช,
05:58
which we define as taking the best in class investment process
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ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื’ื“ื™ืจื™ื ื›ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื”
06:01
that you already have traditionally
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ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืขืฉื™ืชื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืกื•ืจืชื™
06:03
and adding in the extra information you get
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ื•ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉืืชื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื
06:05
when you think about the environment and society and good governance.
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ื›ืฉืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืžืžืฉืœ ื˜ื•ื‘.
06:08
71 percent wanted that.
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71 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืจืฆื• ืืช ื–ื”.
06:10
72 percent said that they believe that companies who did that
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72 ืื—ื•ื– ืืžืจื• ืฉื”ื ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉืขืฉื• ืืช ื–ื”
06:13
would actually do better financially.
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ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืขืฆื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช.
06:15
So people really do believe that you can do well by doing good.
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ืื– ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืืžืช ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื— ื‘ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘.
06:19
But here was the weird thing:
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ืื‘ืœ ืคื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžื•ื–ืจ:
06:20
54 percent of the people
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54 ืื—ื•ื– ืžื”ืื ืฉื™ื
06:22
still said if they put their money in those kinds of stocks,
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ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืืžืจื• ืฉืื ื”ื ื™ืฉื™ืžื• ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื‘ื›ืืœื• ืžื ื™ื•ืช,
06:26
they thought that they would make less money.
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ื”ื ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืฉื”ื ื™ืขืฉื• ืคื—ื•ืช ื›ืกืฃ.
06:29
So is it true?
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ืื– ื”ืื ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
06:31
Do you get less sweet porridge if you invest in shade-grown coffee
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ื”ืื ืืชื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืคื—ื•ืช ื“ื™ื™ืกื” ืžืชื•ืงื” ืื ืืชื ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื ื‘ืงืคื” ืฉื’ื•ื“ืœ ื‘-ืฆืœ
06:35
instead of drinking it?
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœืฉืชื•ืช ืื•ืชื•?
06:37
Well, you know, the investors in companies like Burt's Bees
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื”ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื‘ืจื˜ืก ื‘ื™ื–
06:41
or Ben & Jerry's wouldn't say so.
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ืื• ื‘ืŸ ืื ื“ ื’'ืจื™ืก ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžืกื›ื™ืžื™ื.
06:42
Right? Both of those started out as small, socially conscious companies
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ื ื›ื•ืŸ? ืฉื ื™ ืืœื” ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ื›ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ื•ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช
06:46
that ended up becoming so popular with consumers
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ืฉื”ืคื›ื• ืœื›ืœ ื›ืš ืคื•ืคืœืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆืจื›ื ื™ื
06:50
that the giants Unilever and Clorox bought them
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ืฉื”ืขื ืงื™ื ื™ื•ื ื™ืœื‘ืจ ื•ื›ืœื•ืจื•ืงืก ืงื ื• ืื•ืชื
06:53
for hundreds of millions of dollars
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ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืื•ืช ืžืœื™ื•ื ื™ ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื
06:55
each.
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ื›ืœ ืื—ืช.
06:57
But here's the important thing.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื” ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘: ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•
06:59
Those corporations realized
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07:00
that if they wanted to protect the value of their investments,
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ืฉืื ื”ืŸ ืจื•ืฆื•ืช ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื” ืฉืœื”ืŸ,
07:03
they had to preserve that socially conscious mission.
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ื”ืŸ ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืฉืžืจ ืืช ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ื”ืžื•ื“ืขืช ืœื—ื‘ืจื”.
07:06
If they didn't keep adding in those extra words
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ืื ื”ื ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื”ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ื”ืืœื•
07:08
of environmentally friendly and socially conscious,
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ืฉืœ ื™ื“ื™ื“ื•ืชื™ ืœืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื•ืžื•ื“ืข ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช,
07:10
those brands wouldn't make more money.
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ื”ืžื•ืชื’ื™ื ื”ืืœื• ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืขื•ื“ ื›ืกืฃ.
07:14
But maybe this is just the exception the proves the rule, right?
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ืื‘ืœ ืื•ืœื™ ื–ื” ืจืง ื™ื•ืฆื ื”ื“ื•ืคืŸ ืฉืžื•ื›ื™ื— ืืช ื”ื›ืœืœ, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
07:17
The serious companies that fund our economy
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ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืฆื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžืžืžื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืฉืœื ื•
07:20
and that fund our retirements and that really make the world go round,
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ื•ืฉืžืžืžื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืคืจื™ืฉื” ืฉืœื ื• ื•ืฉื‘ืืžืช ื’ื•ืจืžื•ืช ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื”ืกืชื•ื‘ื‘,
07:23
they need to stick to making more money.
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ื”ืŸ ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืœื“ื‘ื•ืง ื‘ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ืกืฃ.
07:26
So, Harvard Business School actually researched this,
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ืื–, ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืœืขืกืงื™ื ื”ืืจื•ื•ืจื“ ืœืžืขืฉื” ื—ืงืจ ืืช ื–ื”,
07:29
and they found something fascinating.
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ื•ื”ื ื’ื™ืœื• ืžืฉื”ื• ืžืจืชืง.
07:31
If you had invested a dollar 20 years ago
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ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื ื“ื•ืœืจ ืœืคื ื™ 20 ืฉื ื”
07:34
in a portfolio of companies
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ื‘ืคื•ืจื˜ื•ืคื•ืœื™ื• ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช
07:35
that focused narrowly on making more money
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ืฉื”ืชืžืงื“ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฆืจ ืขืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ืกืฃ
07:38
quarter by quarter,
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ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ ืื—ืจื™ ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ,
07:40
that one dollar
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ืื•ืชื• ื“ื•ืœืจ ืื—ื“
07:41
would have grown to 14 dollars and 46 cents.
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ื”ื™ื” ื’ื“ืœ ืœ 14 ื“ื•ืœืจ ื• 46 ืกื ื˜.
07:45
That's not bad until you consider
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ื–ื” ืœื ืจืข! ืขื“ ืฉืืชื ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื–ื”
07:47
that if instead you'd invested that same dollar
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ืฉืื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื–ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื ืืช ืื•ืชื• ื“ื•ืœืจ
07:50
in a portfolio of companies
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ื‘ืคื•ืจื˜ืคื•ืœื™ื• ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช
07:52
that focused on growing their business
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ืฉื”ืชืžืงื“ื• ื‘ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืขืกืง ืฉืœื”ื
07:54
and on the most important environmental and social issues,
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ื•ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื•ื—ื‘ืจื”,
07:58
that one dollar would have grown
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ืื•ืชื• ื“ื•ืœืจ ืื—ื“ ื”ื™ื” ื’ื“ืœ
08:00
to 28 dollars and 36 cents.
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ืœ 28 ื“ื•ืœืจ ื• 36 ืกื ื˜,
08:04
almost twice as much sweet porridge.
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ื›ืžืขื˜ ืคื™ ืฉืชื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื“ื™ื™ืกื” ืžืชื•ืงื”.
08:07
Now, let's be clear, they didn't make that outperformance
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื, ื”ื ืœื ืขืฉื• ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ื”ืžืฉื•ืคืจื™ื
08:10
by giving away money to seem like a nice corporate citizen.
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืœืชืช ื›ืกืฃ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื ื—ื‘ืจื” ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื”.
08:13
They did it by focusing on the things that matter to their business,
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ื”ื ืขืฉื• ื–ืืช ื‘ืœื”ืชืžืงื“ ืขืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืžืฉื ื™ื ืœืขืกืงื™ื ืฉืœื”ื, ื›ืžื•
08:16
like wasting less energy and water
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ืœื‘ื–ื‘ื– ืคื—ื•ืช ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื•ืžื™ื
08:18
in their manufacturing processes;
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ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฉืœื”ื;
08:20
like making sure the CEO contracts had the CEOs incentivized
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ื›ืžื• ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืฉื”ื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื ื›"ืœื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ืžืชืžืจืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื ื›"ืœื™ื
08:23
for the long-term results of the company and the communities they served,
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ืœืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืœื–ืžืŸ ืืจื•ืš ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉื”ืŸ ืžืฉืจืชื•ืช,
08:27
not just quarterly results;
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ืœื ืจืง ืœืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืจื‘ืขื•ื ื™ื•ืช;
08:28
or building a first class culture
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ืื• ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืจืžื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”
08:31
that would have higher employee loyalty,
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ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ืœื” ื ืืžื ื•ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ,
08:33
retention and productivity.
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ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ื™ืฆืจื ื•ึผืช.
08:36
Now, Harvard's not alone.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ืืจื•ื•ืืจื“ ืœื ืœื‘ื“.
08:37
Oxford also did a research study where they examined 120 different studies
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ืื•ืงืกืคื•ืจื“ ื’ื ืขืฉื• ืžื—ืงืจ ื‘ื• ื”ื ื‘ื—ื ื• 120 ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื
08:41
looking at the effect of sustainability and economic results,
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ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืืคืงื˜ ืฉืœ ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื•ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื•ืช,
08:45
and they found time and time and time again
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ื•ื”ื ื’ื™ืœื• ืคืขื ืื—ืจื™ ืคืขื ืื—ืจื™ ืคืขื
08:48
that the companies that cared about these kinds of important things
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ืฉืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื”ืŸ ืื›ืคืช ืžื”ืกื•ื’ ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื
08:51
actually had better operational efficiency,
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ื”ื™ืชื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ,
08:54
lower cost of capital
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ืขืœื•ืช ื ืžื•ื›ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื”ื•ืŸ
08:56
and better performance in their stock price.
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ื•ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื™ ื”ืžื ื™ื” ืฉืœื”ืŸ.
08:59
And then there's Al Gore.
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ื•ืื– ื™ืฉ ืืช ืืœ ื’ื•ืจ.
09:00
So 20 years ago, when I worked for Al Gore in the White House,
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ืื– ืœืคื ื™ 20 ืฉื ื”, ื›ืฉืขื‘ื“ืชื™ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืœ ื’ื•ืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœื‘ืŸ,
09:03
he was one of the early pioneers pleading with businesses and governments
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืื—ื“ ื”ื—ืœื•ืฆื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉื”ืชื—ื ืŸ ืœืขืกืงื™ื ื•ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช
09:07
to pay attention to the challenges of climate change.
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ืœืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ืœืืชื’ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืืงืœื™ื.
09:10
Post-White House, he opened an investment firm called Generation,
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ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœื‘ืŸ, ื”ื•ื ืคืชื— ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืฉื ืงืจืช ื’'ื ืจื™ื™ืฉืŸ,
09:13
where he baked environmental sustainability and other things
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ืฉื ื”ื•ื ืืคื” ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื
09:16
right into the core investment process.
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ืœืชื•ืš ืœื‘ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืฉืœื•.
09:18
And at the time there was a good bit of skepticism about his views.
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ื•ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ืกืงืคื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื‘ื˜ ืฉืœื•.
09:22
Ten years later, his track record is one more proof point
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ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื”ื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ื ืฉืœื• ื”ื ืขื•ื“ ื”ื•ื›ื—ื”
09:26
that sustainable investing done right can be sound investing.
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ืฉื”ืฉืงืขื” ื‘-ืงื™ื™ืžื•ึผืช ืฉื ืขืฉื™ืช ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื”.
09:30
Far from making less sweet porridge
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ืจื—ื•ืง ืžืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืคื—ื•ืช ื“ื™ื™ืกื” ืžืชื•ืงื”
09:31
because he added sustainability into the mix,
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืœืชืขืจื•ื‘ืช,
09:34
he actually significantly outperformed the benchmark.
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ื”ื•ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ืฆืœื™ื— ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช.
09:37
Now, sustainable investing,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ืฉืงืขื” ืžืงื™ื™ืžืช (=ื‘-ืงื™ื™ืžื•ึผืช)
09:39
the good news is it doesn't require a magic spell
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ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืŸ ืฉื–ื” ืœื ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืœื—ืฉ ืงืกื
09:42
and it doesn't require some investment secret,
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ื•ื–ื” ืœื ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื›ืœ-ืžื™ื ื™ ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉืงืขื”,
09:46
and it's not just for the elite.
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ื•ื–ื” ืœื ืจืง ืœืืœื™ื˜ื•ืช.
09:47
It is not just about private equity for billionaires.
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ื–ื” ืœื ื ื•ื’ืข ืจืง ืœืฆื“ืง ืขืฆืžื™ ืœืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ืจื™ื.
09:51
It's not just groovy-sounding investments like clean technology
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ื–ื” ืœื ื ื•ื’ืข ืจืง ืœื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืฉื ืฉืžืขื•ืช ืžื’ื ื™ื‘ ื›ืžื• "ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื ืงื™ื”"
09:54
or microfinance in emerging markets
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ืื• "ืžื™ืงืจื•ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ืžืชืขื•ืจืจื™ื"
09:55
or artisanal bakeries in Brooklyn.
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ืื• ืžืืคื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช-ื™ื“ ื‘ื‘ืจื•ืงืœื™ืŸ.
09:59
It's about stocks and bonds and Fortune 500 companies.
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ื–ื” ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืžื ื™ื•ืช ื•ืื’ืจื•ืช ื—ื•ื‘ ื•ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคื•ืจืฆ'ืŸ 500.
10:02
It's about mutual funds.
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ื–ื” ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืื’ืจื•ืช ื”ื“ื“ื™ื•ืช.
10:03
It's about all the things
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ื–ื” ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื
10:04
we already see in the market today.
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ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื.
10:07
So here's why I'm convinced
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ืื– ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืื ื™ ืžืฉื•ื›ื ืขืช
10:09
that we collectively have the power
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ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื™ื—ื“ ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื— ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ
10:11
to make sustainable investing the new normal.
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ืœื”ืคื•ืš ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืžืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืœื ื•ืจืžื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉื”.
10:15
First, the proof points are coming out all the time
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ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื”ื•ื›ื—ื” ื™ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ
10:19
that sustainable investing done right,
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ืฉื”ืฉืงืขื” ืžืงื™ื™ืžืช ืฉื ืขืฉื™ืช ื ื›ื•ืŸ,
10:21
preserving all the same good principles of investing,
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ืžืฉืžืจืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช,
10:25
the traditional sphere, can pay.
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ื”ืกืคื™ืจื” ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ืช, ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืฉืœื.
10:27
It makes sense.
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ื–ื” ื”ื’ื™ื•ื ื™.
10:29
Secondly,
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ืฉื ื™ืช,
10:30
the biggest obstacle standing in our way
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ื”ืžื›ืฉื•ืœ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ื“ืจื›ื ื•
10:32
may actually just be in our heads.
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ืื•ืœื™ ืœืžืขืฉื” ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืจืืฉื ื•.
10:35
We just need to let go of that myth
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืจืง ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชื—ืจืจ ืžื”ืžื™ืชื•ืก
10:37
that if you add your values into your investment thinking,
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ืฉืื ืืชื ืžื•ืกื™ืคื™ื ืืช ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœื›ื ืœืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช
10:41
that you get less sweet porridge.
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ืฉืชืงื‘ืœื• ืคื—ื•ืช ื“ื™ื™ืกื” ืžืชื•ืงื”.
10:43
And once you get rid of the fable,
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ื•ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉืชืคื˜ืจื• ืžื”ืžืขืฉื™ื” ื”ื–ื•,
10:45
you can actually start appreciating those facts we've been talking about.
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ืืชื ืœืžืขืฉื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ืฉื“ื™ื‘ืจื ื• ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ.
10:48
And third, the future is already here.
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ื•ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช, ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ื›ื‘ืจ ืคื”.
10:50
Sustainable investment today is a 20 trillion dollar market
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ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืžืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืŸ ืฉื•ืง ืฉืœ 20 ื˜ืจื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืจ
10:53
and it's the fastest-growing segment of the investment industry.
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ืžืงื˜ืข ืฉื’ื“ืœ ื”ื›ื™ ืžื”ืจ ืžื›ืœ ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช.
10:57
In the United States, it has grown enormously, as you can see.
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ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช, ื”ื•ื ื’ื“ืœ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืขืฆื•ืžื”, ื›ืžื• ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช.
11:00
It now represents one out of every six dollars
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ื”ื•ื ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื—ื“ ืžื›ืœ ืฉื™ืฉื” ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืงืขื”
11:03
under professional management in the United States.
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ืชื—ืช ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช.
11:06
So what are we waiting for?
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ืื– ืœืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื—ื›ื™ื?
11:09
For me, it goes back to the inspiration that I received from my mother.
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ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™, ื–ื” ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืœื”ืฉืจืื” ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืื™ืžื™.
11:13
She knew that she wanted a life
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ื”ื™ื ื™ื“ืขื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืจืฆืชื” ื—ื™ื™ื
11:14
where she would have the freedom to make her own choices
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ื‘ื”ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื” ื—ื•ืคืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื”
11:18
and to have her voice heard and write her own story.
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ื•ืฉื”ืงื•ืœ ืฉืœื” ื™ืฉืžืข ื•ืฉืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจื” ืฉืœื”.
11:21
She was passionate about that goal
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ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื” ืชืฉื•ืงื” ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืžื˜ืจื” ื”ื–ื•
11:24
and she was clear that she would let no army, no obstacle,
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ื•ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืœื ืชื™ืชืŸ ืœืฉื•ื ืฆื‘ื, ืœืฉื•ื ืžื›ืฉื•ืœ,
11:27
no big institution stand in her way.
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ืœืฉื•ื ืžื•ืกื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื“ืจื›ื”.
11:31
She made it to the States,
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ื”ื™ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืœืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช,
11:32
and she became a teacher,
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ื•ื”ื™ื ื”ืคื›ื” ืœืžื•ืจื”,
11:34
an award-winning author
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ื•ืกื•ืคืจืช ื–ื•ื›ืช ืคืจืกื™ื
11:36
and a mother,
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ื•ืืžื,
11:37
and ended up sending her daughters to Harvard.
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ื•ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืœื—ื” ืืช ื‘ื ื•ืชื™ื” ืœื”ืืจื•ื•ืืจื“.
11:40
And these days, you can tell that she is amply comfortable
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ื•ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืืœื”, ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉืžืื•ื“ ื ื•ื— ืœื”
11:43
holding court in the most powerful institutions in the world.
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ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ ื—ื–ืงื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
11:47
It seems almost too prophetic
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ื–ื” ื ืจืื” ื›ืžืขื˜ ื ื‘ื•ืื™
11:49
that her name in Korean means
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ืฉืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืžื” ื‘ืงื•ืจืื ื™ืช ื”ื•ื
11:51
"passionate clarity."
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"ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืชืฉื•ืงืชื™ืช."
11:54
Passionate clarity:
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ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืชืฉื•ืงืชื™ืช:
11:55
that's what I think we need to drive change.
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื ื™ืข ืฉื™ื ื•ื™.
11:58
Passion about the change we want to see in the world,
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ืชืฉื•ืงื” ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื,
12:02
and clarity that we are able to help chart the course.
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ื•ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ื˜ื•ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœ.
12:06
We have more opportunity today than ever before
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ื ืžืื™ ืคืขื ื‘ืขื‘ืจ
12:09
to make choices.
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ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช.
12:11
We have more power than ever before to make our voices heard.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ื•ื— ืžืื™ ืคืขื ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืงื•ืœ ืฉืœื ื• ืœื”ืฉืžืข.
12:16
So change your perspective.
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ืื– ืชืฉื ื• ืืช ื”ืคืจืกืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœื›ื.
12:20
Vote with your small change.
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ื”ืฆื‘ื™ืขื• ืขื ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืงื˜ืŸ ืฉืœื›ื.
12:21
Invest in the change you want to see in the world.
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ื”ืฉืงื™ืขื• ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืื•ืชื• ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
12:25
Change the fables
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ืฉื ื• ืืช ื”ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช
12:27
and change the markets.
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ื•ืฉื ื• ืืช ื”ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื.
12:29
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
12:30
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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