How to make a profit while making a difference | Audrey Choi

106,486 views ใƒป 2016-03-16

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: YERI OH ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:13
I believe big institutions
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์ €๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ˜•๊ธฐ๊ด€๋“ค์ด
00:15
have unique potential to create change,
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๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ์ž ์žฌ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์กŒ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:17
and I believe that we as individuals
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐœ๊ฐœ์ธ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋„
00:19
have unique power
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๋…ํŠนํ•œ ํž˜์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:21
to influence the direction that those institutions take.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋Œ€ํ˜•๊ธฐ๊ด€๋“ค์„ ์›€์ง์ด๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ํž˜์ด์ฃ .
00:24
Now, these beliefs did not come naturally to me,
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์ €๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:27
because trusting big institutions,
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๋Œ€ํ˜• ๊ธฐ๊ด€์„ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
00:29
not really part of my family legacy.
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์ œ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์—๊ฒ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ผ์ด์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
00:32
My mother escaped North Korea
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์ œ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๋ถํ•œ์„ ํƒˆ์ถœํ•  ๋•Œ
00:34
when she was 10 years old.
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์—ด ์‚ด ์ด์—ˆ๊ณ 
00:36
To do so, she had to elude every big institution in her life:
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ํƒˆ์ถœํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋Œ€ํ˜•๊ธฐ๊ด€๋“ค์„ ํ”ผํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
00:40
repressive governments, occupying armies
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๋…์žฌ ์ •๋ถ€, ์ ๋ น์ค‘์ธ ๊ตฐ์„ธ๋ ฅ,
00:43
and even armed border patrols.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์žฅํ•œ ๊ตญ๊ฒฝ ๊ฒฝ๋น„๋Œ€๊นŒ์ง€์š”.
00:46
Later, when she decided she wanted to emigrate to the United States,
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๋‚˜์ค‘์— ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฏผ์„ ๊ฒฐ์‹ฌํ•˜์…จ์„ ๋•Œ
00:50
she had to defy an entire culture
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์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๊ป˜์„œ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ž์• ๋Š” ์ ˆ๋Œ€๋กœ
00:52
that said the girls would never be the best and brightest.
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์ตœ๊ณ ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌธํ™”์  ํŽธ๊ฒฌ์— ๋งž์„œ์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:56
Only because her name happens to sound like a boy's
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์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์ด ๋‚จ์ž์ด๋ฆ„ ๊ฐ™์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
00:59
was she able to finagle her way into the government immigration exam
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์†์ž„์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์จ์„œ์•ผ ๊ฒจ์šฐ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์ด๋ฏผ ์‹œํ—˜์„ ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
01:02
to come to the United States.
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๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์ƒ๊ธด๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:05
Because of her bravery and passion,
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์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ์šฉ๊ธฐ์™€ ์—ด์ • ๋•๋ถ„์—
01:08
I've had all the opportunities that she never did,
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์ €๋Š” ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ๊ณ 
01:10
and that has made my story so different.
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๊ทธ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด์„œ ์ œ ์ธ์ƒ์€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:14
Instead of running away from big institutions,
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๋Œ€ํ˜•๊ธฐ๊ด€๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋„๋ง์น˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ ์—
01:16
I've actually run toward them.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:18
I've had the chance over the course of my career
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์—์„œ ์ผ ํ•  ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ์ฃ .
01:20
to work for The Wall Street Journal,
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์›”์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌํŠธ ์ €๋„์—์„œ๋„
01:22
the White House
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๋ฐฑ์•…๊ด€์—์„œ๋„
01:23
and now one of the largest financial institutions in the world,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๊ธˆ์œต๊ทธ๋ฃน ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์—์„œ
01:26
where I lead sustainable investing.
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์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ์ด๋Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:28
Now, these institutions are like tankers,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋Œ€ํ˜•๊ธฐ๊ด€๋“ค์€ ๋งˆ์น˜ ๋Œ€ํ˜•์„ ๋ฐ• ๊ฐ™์•„์„œ
01:31
and working inside of them,
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์ด ์•ˆ์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
01:32
I've come to appreciate what large wakes they can leave,
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ๊ธฐ๊ด€๋“ค์ด ๋‚จ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํฐ ํ•ญ์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ 
01:36
and I've become convinced
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:37
that the institution of the global capital markets,
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ธˆ์œต์‹œ์žฅ์˜ ๊ธฐ๊ด€๋“ค๊ณผ
01:40
the nearly 290 trillion dollars of stocks and bonds in the world,
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290์กฐ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์ฃผ์‹๊ณผ ์ฑ„๊ถŒ์ด์•ผ๋ง๋กœ
01:45
that that may be one of our most powerful forces
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๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ด๋Œ์–ด ๋‚ผ
01:48
for positive social change at our disposal,
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ํž˜์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:50
if we ask it to be.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
01:52
Now, I know some of you are thinking,
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์ž, ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ๋ถ„๋“ค๊ป˜์„œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๊ธฐ์—”
01:54
global capital markets, positive social change,
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๊ตญ์ œ๊ธˆ์œต์‹œ์žฅ๊ณผ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ
01:57
not usually in the same sentence or even the same paragraph.
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๋ณดํ†ต ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ํ•œ ๋งฅ๋ฝ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์“ฐ์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์‹ค ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:01
I think many people think of the capital markets
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๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ๊ธˆ์œต์‹œ์žฅ์ด๋ž€
02:03
kind of like an ocean.
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์ผ์ข…์˜ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
02:04
It's a vast, impersonal, uncaring force of nature
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๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ธ๊ฐ„๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ณ , ๋ฌด์ •ํ•œ ์ž์—ฐ์˜ ํž˜์ด๊ณ 
02:08
that is not affected by our wishes or desires.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์†Œ๋ง์ด๋‚˜ ์—ด๋ง์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
So the best that our little savings accounts
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์†Œ์†Œํ•œ ์ €์ถ•๊ณ„์ขŒ๋‚˜
02:13
or retirement accounts can do
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์€ํ‡ด์ž๊ธˆ์œผ๋กœ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ตœ์„ ์€
02:15
is to try to catch some waves in the good cycles
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ํŒŒ๋„๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ 
02:18
and hope that we don't get inundated in the turbulent ones,
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๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ •ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‚œํญํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋ฟ์ด์ฃ .
02:20
but certainly our decisions on how to steer our little retirement accounts
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์€ํ‡ด์ž๊ธˆ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ตด๋ฆด์ง€ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
02:25
don't affect the tides,
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์กฐ๋ฅ˜์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜์ง€๋Š” ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:26
don't change the shape or size or direction of the waves.
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ํ˜•ํƒœ๋‚˜ ๊ทœ๋ชจ, ํ˜น์€ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ๋„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์ฃ .
02:31
But why is that?
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์™œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
02:33
Because actually, one third of this ocean of capital
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ด ์ž๋ณธ์˜ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์˜ 1/3์€
02:36
actually belongs to individuals like us,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฐœ์ธ๋“ค์ด ์†Œ์œ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:40
and most of the rest of the capital markets
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ๊ธˆ์œต์‹œ์žฅ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€
02:42
is controlled by the institutions that get their power and authority
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ํž˜๊ณผ ๊ถŒ์œ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๊ด€๋“ค์ด ํ†ต์ œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:45
and their capital from us,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋“คํ•œํ…Œ์„œ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
02:47
as members, participants, beneficiaries, shareholders or citizens.
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ํšŒ์›, ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž, ์ˆ˜ํ˜œ์ž, ์ฃผ์ฃผ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์–ป์€ ์ž๋ณธ์œผ๋กœ์š”.
02:51
So if we are the ultimate owners of the capital markets,
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ธˆ์œต์‹œ์žฅ์˜ ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์ธ ์†Œ์œ ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์ด๋ผ๋ฉด
02:55
why aren't we able to make our voices heard?
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์™œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๊ด€์ฒ ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
02:58
Why can't we make some waves?
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์™œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋œป๋Œ€๋กœ ์›€์ง์ผ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์ฃ ?
03:00
So let me ask you a different question:
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
03:02
did any of you buy fair trade coffee
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ์Šˆํผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
03:05
the last time you were at a supermarket or at Starbucks?
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์Šคํƒ€๋ฒ…์Šค์— ๊ฐ”์„ ๋•Œ ๊ณต์ •๋ฌด์—ญ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋งคํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:07
OK. Do any of you go to the restaurant
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์‹๋‹น์— ๊ฐ”์„ ๋•Œ
03:10
and order the sustainably farmed trout
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์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์–‘์‹์œผ๋กœ ํ‚ค์šด ์†ก์–ด๋ฅผ ์‹œํ‚ค์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
03:12
instead of the miso-glazed Chilean sea bass
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๋œ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ์น ํ•œ ์น ๋ ˆ์‚ฐ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ ๋Œ€์‹ ์—์š”.
03:15
that you really wish you could have?
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์ง„์งœ๋กœ ๋จน๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฑด๋ฐ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
03:17
Do any of you drive hybrid cars or even electric cars?
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์ค‘์— ํ•˜์ด๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ๋“œ๋‚˜ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๋Š” ๋ถ„ ๊ณ„์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”?
03:21
So why do we do these things?
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์ž, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์™œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
03:23
Right? One electric car doesn't amount to much in a fleet of 1.2 billion
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ? ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ํ•œ ๋Œ€๋Š” 12์–ต์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์—”์ง„ ์—ฐ์†Œ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์˜
03:27
combustion engine vehicles.
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๊ทœ๋ชจ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:29
One fish is just one fish in the sea.
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๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์—์„œ ๊ณ ์ž‘ ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:33
And one cup of coffee
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์ปคํ”ผ ํ•œ ์ž”๋„
03:35
doesn't amount to a hill of beans in this crazy world.
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์ด ์„ธ์ƒ์ด ์Œ“์•„๋†“์€ ์ปคํ”ผ์ฝฉ์˜ ์‚ฐ์— ๋น„ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ž‘์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
But we do these things because we believe they matter,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์„ ํƒ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š”
03:41
that our actions add up,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ–‰๋™๋“ค์ด ์Œ“์ด๋‹ค๋ณด๋ฉด
03:43
that our choices might influence others
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์„ ํƒ์œผ๋กœ ํƒ€์ธ์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
03:45
and collectively, what an impact we can have.
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ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๋ฉด, ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
So, in my bag I have a coffee mug that I bought a couple of years ago.
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์ œ ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์—๋„ ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ์ „์— ์ƒ€๋˜ ๋จธ๊ทธ์ž”์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:51
It's a reusable mug. It has all these things printed on it.
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์žฌํ™œ์šฉ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ปต์ธ๋ฐ ๊ฒ‰์— ์ด๋Ÿฐ์ €๋Ÿฐ ๋ง๋“ค์ด ์“ฐ์—ฌ์žˆ์ฃ .
03:54
Look at some of the things that are on it, that it says.
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๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ์จ๋†จ๋Š”์ง€ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋ณด์ž๋ฉด,
03:57
"This one cup can be used again and again."
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"์ด ์ปต์€ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
04:00
"This one cup may inspire others to use one too."
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"์ด ์ปต์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋„ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
04:04
"This one cup helps save the planet."
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"์ด ์ปต์€ ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋Š”๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
04:06
I had no idea this plastic cup was so powerful.
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์ด ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ ์ปต ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ์ค„์€ ๋ชฐ๋ž๋„ค์š”.
04:09
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:10
So why do we think that our choice
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด 4๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์งœ๋ฆฌ
04:12
of a four dollar shade-grown fair trade artisanal cup of coffee
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๊ณต์ •๋ฌด์—ญ ์•„๋ฅดํ‹ฐ์žฅ ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ์žฌ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ปต์— ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š”
04:16
in a reusable mug matters,
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์ด ์„ ํƒ์€ ์™œ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ 
04:18
but what we do with 4,000 dollars in our investment account
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ํˆฌ์ž ๊ณ„์ขŒ์— ์žˆ๋Š” 4,000 ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋Š” IRA ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ
04:21
for our IRA doesn't?
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์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
04:23
Why can't we tell the supermarket and the capital markets
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์™œ ์Šˆํผ๋‚˜ ์ž๋ณธ์‹œ์žฅ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„
04:26
that we care,
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๋งํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
04:28
that we care about fair labor standards,
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๊ณต์ •ํ•œ ๋…ธ๋™๊ทœ์ •์„ ์›ํ•œ๋‹ค,
04:30
that we care about sustainable production methods
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์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์›ํ•œ๋‹ค,
04:33
and about healthy communities?
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๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
04:34
Why aren't we voting with our investment dollars,
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ํˆฌ์ž์šฉ ๋ˆ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ํˆฌํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด์„œ
04:37
but we would vote with our lattes?
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๋ผ๋–ผ ํ•œ ์ž”์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
04:40
So I think it has something to do with the myths,
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฒŒ ์‹ ํ™”, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ง‘๋‹จ์  ์˜์‹์ด ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜
04:43
the fables that we all carry around in our collective consciousness.
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์šฐํ™”์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:47
Do you remember the Grimm's fairy tale about the magic porridge pot?
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๊ทธ๋ฆผ ๋™ํ™”์˜ '๋งˆ๋ฒ•์˜ ์˜คํŠธ๋ฐ€ ์†ฅ'์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
04:50
If you said to the pot, "Boil, little pot, boil,"
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"๋“์—ฌ๋ผ, ์ž‘์€ ์†ฅ์•„, ๋“์—ฌ๋ผ" ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด,
๋‹ฌ์ฝคํ•œ ์˜คํŠธ๋ฐ€๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฑ„์›Œ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:53
it would fill up with sweet porridge.
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04:55
And if you said, "Stop, little pot, stop,"
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"๋ฉˆ์ถฐ, ์ž‘์€ ์†ฅ์•„, ๋ฉˆ์ถฐ" ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด
04:57
it would stop.
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๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ณ ์š”.
04:59
But if you got the words wrong, it wouldn't listen,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ฃผ๋ฌธ์„ ์ž˜๋ชป ์™ธ์šฐ๋ฉด ์†ฅ์ด ๋ง์„ ์•ˆ ๋“ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:02
and things could go terribly awry.
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์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ์•„์ฃผ ์—‰๋ง์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
05:05
So I think when it comes to markets,
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—” ์‹œ์žฅ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋„
05:07
we have a little bit of a similar fable in our heads.
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์ด์™€ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์šฐํ™”๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ ์†์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
We believe that the markets is this magic pot
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์‹œ์žฅ์ด ์ด ๋งˆ๋ฒ•์˜ ์†ฅ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ช…๋ น์—๋งŒ
05:12
that obeys only one command:
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๋ณต์ข…ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๋Š”๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
05:14
make more money.
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์ˆ˜์ต์„ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๋‚ด๋ผ.
05:16
Only those words said exactly that way
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์ด ์ฃผ๋ฌธ์„ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์™ธ์› ์„ ๋•Œ์—๋งŒ
05:19
will make the pot fill up with gold.
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์†ฅ์ด ๊ธˆ์œผ๋กœ ์ฑ„์›Œ์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:22
Add in some extra words like "protect the environment,"
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"ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•ด๋ผ"์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ์ฃผ๋ฌธ์„ ์™ธ์šฐ๋ฉด
์ฃผ๋ฌธ์ด ์ž‘๋™์„ ์•ˆ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ฃ .
05:26
the spell might not work.
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05:28
Put in the wrong words like "promote social justice,"
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"์‚ฌํšŒ ์ •์˜๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•˜๋ผ"๊ฐ™์€ ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ์ฃผ๋ฌธ์„ ์™ธ์šฐ๋ฉด
05:32
and you might see your gold coins shrink
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๊ธˆํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค์–ด ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
05:34
or even vanish entirely, according to this fable.
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์™„์ „ํžˆ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ด ์šฐํ™”์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:38
So we asked people, what do you really think?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ •๋ง ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:41
And we actually went out and polled a thousand individual investors,
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์ฒœ ๋ช…์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ ํˆฌ์ž์ž๋“ค์„ ์ฐพ์•„๊ฐ€ ์„ค๋ฌธ์„ ํ•ด๋ดค๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
05:45
and we found something fascinating.
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๋†€๋ผ์šด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:47
Overwhelmingly,
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์••๋„์ ์œผ๋กœ,
05:49
people wanted to add those extra words into the formula.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ๋“ค์„ ์ฃผ๋ฌธ์— ๋„ฃ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:52
71 percent of people said yes,
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71%์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:55
they were interested in sustainable investing,
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์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํˆฌ์ž์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ ์š”.
05:58
which we define as taking the best in class investment process
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์ด๋Š” ๊ณ„๊ธ‰ ํˆฌ์ž ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:01
that you already have traditionally
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์ „ํ†ต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์žˆ์–ด์™”๋˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๊ณ 
06:03
and adding in the extra information you get
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์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ์ •๋ณด๋“ค์„ ๋”ํ•ด์„œ
06:05
when you think about the environment and society and good governance.
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ํ™˜๊ฒฝ, ์‚ฌํšŒ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ข‹์€ ์ •์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
06:08
71 percent wanted that.
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71%์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:10
72 percent said that they believe that companies who did that
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72%๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์šด์˜๋˜๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด
06:13
would actually do better financially.
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๋” ์ข‹์€ ์ˆ˜์ต์„ ๋‚ธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:15
So people really do believe that you can do well by doing good.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋” ์ž˜ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์ง„์งœ ๋ฏฟ๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
06:19
But here was the weird thing:
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ด์ƒํ•œ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
06:20
54 percent of the people
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์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ 54%์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
06:22
still said if they put their money in those kinds of stocks,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ฃผ์‹์— ํˆฌ์žํ•˜๋ฉด
06:26
they thought that they would make less money.
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์†ํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:29
So is it true?
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์ •๋ง ๊ทธ๋Ÿด๊นŒ์š”?
06:31
Do you get less sweet porridge if you invest in shade-grown coffee
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์‰์ด๋“œ ๊ทธ๋กœ์šด ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹  ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ฉด
06:35
instead of drinking it?
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๋‹ฌ์ฝคํ•œ ์˜คํŠธ๋ฐ€์„ ์ ๊ฒŒ ์–ป๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋‚˜์š”?
06:37
Well, you know, the investors in companies like Burt's Bees
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๋ฒ„์ธ ๋น„๋‚˜ ๋ฒค์—”์ œ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ™์€ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์— ํˆฌ์žํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
06:41
or Ben & Jerry's wouldn't say so.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:42
Right? Both of those started out as small, socially conscious companies
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ? ์ด ๋‘ ํšŒ์‚ฌ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ฒ˜์Œ์—” ์˜์„ธํ•œ, ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ธฐ์—…์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
06:46
that ended up becoming so popular with consumers
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์†Œ๋น„์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋†’์•„์ง€๋ฉด์„œ
๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์—…์ธ ์œ ๋‹ˆ๋ ˆ๋ฒ„์™€ ํด๋กœ๋ก์Šค๊ฐ€
06:50
that the giants Unilever and Clorox bought them
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06:53
for hundreds of millions of dollars
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์ˆ˜์‹ญ ์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์— ์‚ฌ๋“ค์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:55
each.
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๊ฐ๊ฐ์š”.
06:57
But here's the important thing.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:59
Those corporations realized
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์ด ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:00
that if they wanted to protect the value of their investments,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ํˆฌ์ž ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์ง€ํ‚ค๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
07:03
they had to preserve that socially conscious mission.
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์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์ธ ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ–ˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„์š”.
07:06
If they didn't keep adding in those extra words
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ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์นœํ™”์ , ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ฑ…์ž„์ด๋ผ๋Š”
07:08
of environmentally friendly and socially conscious,
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์ด ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ๋ฌธ๋“ค์„ ๊ณ„์† ์™ธ์šฐ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด
07:10
those brands wouldn't make more money.
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์ด ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์€ ์ˆ˜์ต์„ ๋” ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:14
But maybe this is just the exception the proves the rule, right?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ์ด๊ฑด ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ๋ฒ•์น™์˜ ์˜ˆ์™ธ์ผ ๋ฟ์ผ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
07:17
The serious companies that fund our economy
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ 
07:20
and that fund our retirements and that really make the world go round,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์€ํ‡ด ํ›„๋ฅผ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์€
07:23
they need to stick to making more money.
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์ด์ต์„ ์ฐฝ์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณ ์ง‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:26
So, Harvard Business School actually researched this,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ•˜๋ฒ„๋“œ ๊ฒฝ์˜๋Œ€์—์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:29
and they found something fascinating.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„์ฃผ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์ฃ .
07:31
If you had invested a dollar 20 years ago
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๋งŒ์•ฝ 20๋…„ ์ „์— 1๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ํˆฌ์žํ•  ๋•Œ
07:34
in a portfolio of companies
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์„ ํƒํ•œ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
07:35
that focused narrowly on making more money
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์˜ค๋กœ์ง€ ์ˆ˜์ต์ฐฝ์ถœ์—๋งŒ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜€๋‹ค๋ฉด
07:38
quarter by quarter,
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๋ถ„๊ธฐ๋งˆ๋‹ค
07:40
that one dollar
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์ด 1๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋Š”
07:41
would have grown to 14 dollars and 46 cents.
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14๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ 46์„ผํŠธ๋กœ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚ฌ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:45
That's not bad until you consider
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์•„์ง๊นŒ์ง„ ๋‚˜์˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:47
that if instead you'd invested that same dollar
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๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธˆ์•ก์„ ํˆฌ์žํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ,
07:50
in a portfolio of companies
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๊ทธ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ํ™•์žฅํ•  ๋•Œ
07:52
that focused on growing their business
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์•„์ฃผ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ฌธ์ œ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ด์Šˆ๋ฅผ
07:54
and on the most important environmental and social issues,
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์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋ผ๋ฉด
07:58
that one dollar would have grown
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํˆฌ์žํ•œ 1๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€
08:00
to 28 dollars and 36 cents.
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28๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ 36์„ผํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๊ฐ์•ˆํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
08:04
almost twice as much sweet porridge.
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๋‹ฌ์ฝคํ•œ ์˜คํŠธ๋ฐ€์ด 2๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๋๋„ค์š”.
08:07
Now, let's be clear, they didn't make that outperformance
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์ž, ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ง„์€ ์ด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋„์ถœํ•ด ๋‚ผ ๋•Œ
08:10
by giving away money to seem like a nice corporate citizen.
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์„ ๋Ÿ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ˜‘์กฐ์ ์ธ๋“ฏ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ˆ์„ ์ค˜๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:13
They did it by focusing on the things that matter to their business,
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์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ฌ์—…์— ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์—๋งŒ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:16
like wasting less energy and water
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด ์ƒ์‚ฐ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ
08:18
in their manufacturing processes;
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์—๋„ˆ์ง€์™€ ๋ฌผ์„ ์ ˆ์•ฝํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ;
08:20
like making sure the CEO contracts had the CEOs incentivized
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๋˜๋Š” ๋ถ„๊ธฐ๋ณ„ ์ˆ˜์ต ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ดค์„ ๋•Œ
08:23
for the long-term results of the company and the communities they served,
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์†ํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์— ์ข‹์€ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
08:27
not just quarterly results;
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CEO์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ƒ์„ ํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ;
08:28
or building a first class culture
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ํ˜น์€ ๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์ „์‹œ์ผœ
08:31
that would have higher employee loyalty,
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์ง์›๋“ค์˜ ์ถฉ์„ฑ๋„, ๊ทผ์†, ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์„
08:33
retention and productivity.
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๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
08:36
Now, Harvard's not alone.
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์ž, ํ•˜๋ฒ„๋“œ ๋ฟ๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:37
Oxford also did a research study where they examined 120 different studies
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์˜ฅ์Šคํฌ๋“œ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์กฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ๋„ 120๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ํ•™๋ฌธ๋“ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ดค๋Š”๋ฐ
08:41
looking at the effect of sustainability and economic results,
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์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ดค์„ ๋•Œ,
08:45
and they found time and time and time again
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ํ๋ฅด๋ฉด ํ๋ฅผ์ˆ˜๋ก
08:48
that the companies that cared about these kinds of important things
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋’€๋˜ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด
08:51
actually had better operational efficiency,
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์šด์˜ ํšจ์œจ๋„ ์ข‹์•˜๊ณ 
08:54
lower cost of capital
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์ž๋ณธ๋„ ๋œ ๋“ค์—ˆ๊ณ 
08:56
and better performance in their stock price.
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์ฃผ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋†’์•„์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:59
And then there's Al Gore.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•Œ ๊ณ ์–ด๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
09:00
So 20 years ago, when I worked for Al Gore in the White House,
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20๋…„ ์ „์— ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฑ์•…๊ด€์—์„œ ์•Œ ๊ณ ์–ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผํ•  ๋•Œ
09:03
he was one of the early pioneers pleading with businesses and governments
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๊ธฐ์—…๊ณผ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋„๋ก
09:07
to pay attention to the challenges of climate change.
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์œ ๋„ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์„ ๊ตฌ์ž ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋ฐฑ์•…๊ด€์„ ๋– ๋‚œ ๋’ค, ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ œ๋„ˆ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํˆฌ์ž์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ฆฝํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:10
Post-White House, he opened an investment firm called Generation,
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09:13
where he baked environmental sustainability and other things
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ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„
09:16
right into the core investment process.
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ํˆฌ์ž๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์— ๋‘์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:18
And at the time there was a good bit of skepticism about his views.
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๋‹น์‹œ์—๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ทธ์˜ ๋ฐฉ์นจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„๊ด€์ ์ธ ์‹œ์„ ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:22
Ten years later, his track record is one more proof point
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10๋…„์ด ์ง€๋‚˜์ž, ํˆฌ์ž์‚ฌ์˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ ๊ธฐ๋ก์€
09:26
that sustainable investing done right can be sound investing.
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์˜ณ์€ ์ผ์— ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์€ ํˆฌ์ž๋ฒ•์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋ฐ˜์ฃฝ์— ์„ž์€ ๊ฒƒ์€
09:30
Far from making less sweet porridge
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09:31
because he added sustainability into the mix,
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๋‹ฌ์ฝคํ•œ ์˜คํŠธ๋ฐ€์„ ์ ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:34
he actually significantly outperformed the benchmark.
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์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ์•„์ฃผ ๋†€๋ผ์šธ ์ •๋„๋กœ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ๋ฒค์น˜๋งˆํ‚น์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:37
Now, sustainable investing,
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์ž, ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํˆฌ์ž์—์„œ
09:39
the good news is it doesn't require a magic spell
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์ข‹์€ ์†Œ์‹์€ ๋งˆ๋ฒ• ์ฃผ๋ฌธ์€ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ณ ,
09:42
and it doesn't require some investment secret,
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ํˆฌ์ž ์ „๋žต๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ํ•„์š”์—†๊ณ , ์—˜๋ฆฌํŠธ๋“ค๋งŒ์ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„
09:46
and it's not just for the elite.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:47
It is not just about private equity for billionaires.
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์–ต๋งŒ์žฅ์ž๋“ค๋งŒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ชจํŽ€๋“œ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ 
09:51
It's not just groovy-sounding investments like clean technology
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๋“ฏํ•œ ์ฒญ์ •๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด๋ผ๋˜์ง€
09:54
or microfinance in emerging markets
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‹œ์žฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์†Œ์•ก๊ธˆ์œต,
09:55
or artisanal bakeries in Brooklyn.
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ํ˜น์€ ๋ธŒ๋ฃฉํด๋ฆฐ์˜ ์•„๋ฅดํ‹ฐ์ž” ๋นต์ง‘์— ํˆฌ์žํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:59
It's about stocks and bonds and Fortune 500 companies.
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์œ ๊ฐ€์ฆ๊ถŒ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํฌ์ถ˜์ง€์— ์„ ์ •๋œ 500๊ฐœ ๊ธฐ์—…์— ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:02
It's about mutual funds.
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๋ฎค์ธ„์–ผํŽ€๋“œ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
10:03
It's about all the things
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์‹œ์žฅ์—์„œ
10:04
we already see in the market today.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฏธ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:07
So here's why I'm convinced
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์ž, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ
10:09
that we collectively have the power
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
10:11
to make sustainable investing the new normal.
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์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:15
First, the proof points are coming out all the time
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๋จผ์ €, ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๊ทธ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋“ค์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:19
that sustainable investing done right,
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์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํˆฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
10:21
preserving all the same good principles of investing,
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ํˆฌ์ž์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ณธ๋ž˜๋“ค์˜ ์›์น™๋“ค์„ ์ž˜ ์ง€์ผœ๋‚ธ๋‹ค๋ฉด
10:25
the traditional sphere, can pay.
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์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ๋„, ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:27
It makes sense.
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๋ง์ด ๋˜๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
10:29
Secondly,
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ,
10:30
the biggest obstacle standing in our way
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์š”์†Œ๋Š” ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด
10:32
may actually just be in our heads.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ ์•ˆ์— ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:35
We just need to let go of that myth
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฏธ์‹ ์„ ๋ฒ„๋ ค์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:37
that if you add your values into your investment thinking,
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ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•  ๋•Œ, ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ด€์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๋ฉด
10:41
that you get less sweet porridge.
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๋‹ฌ์ฝคํ•œ ์˜คํŠธ๋ฐ€์ด ์ ์–ด์งˆ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฏธ์‹  ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
10:43
And once you get rid of the fable,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์šฐํ™”๋ฅผ ์ง€์›Œ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋ฉด
10:45
you can actually start appreciating those facts we've been talking about.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•ด์˜จ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ์‹ค๋“ค์„ ์ง„์ •์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:48
And third, the future is already here.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ, ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ์™€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:50
Sustainable investment today is a 20 trillion dollar market
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํˆฌ์ž์˜ ๊ทœ๋ชจ๋Š” 20์กฐ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์— ๋‹ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:53
and it's the fastest-growing segment of the investment industry.
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๋˜ํ•œ ํˆฌ์ž ์‚ฐ์—…์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ฃ .
10:57
In the United States, it has grown enormously, as you can see.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š”, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ์ •๋ง ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์„ฑ์žฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:00
It now represents one out of every six dollars
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์ด์ œ ์ „์ฒด ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜์–‘์˜ 1/6์ •๋„๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ํˆฌ์ž๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜์— ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
11:03
under professional management in the United States.
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11:06
So what are we waiting for?
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๋”์ด์ƒ ๋ญ˜ ๋” ๋ง์„ค์ด์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”?
11:09
For me, it goes back to the inspiration that I received from my mother.
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์ œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—”, ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋˜ ์˜๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑฐ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:13
She knew that she wanted a life
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์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ถ์€
11:14
where she would have the freedom to make her own choices
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์ž์œ ๋ฃน๊ณ  ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด ์กด์ค‘๋ฐ›๊ณ 
11:18
and to have her voice heard and write her own story.
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์จ๋‚˜๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ถ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•„์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:21
She was passionate about that goal
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์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ–ฅํ•œ ์—ด์ •์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€์…จ๊ณ 
์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ธธ์— ๊ตฐ๋Œ€๋„, ์–ด๋–ค ์žฅ์• ๋ฌผ๋„, ์–ด๋–ค ๋Œ€ํ˜•๊ธฐ๊ด€๋„
11:24
and she was clear that she would let no army, no obstacle,
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11:27
no big institution stand in her way.
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๋ง‰์•„์„ค ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ํ™•์‹ ํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:31
She made it to the States,
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์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ค์…จ๊ณ 
11:32
and she became a teacher,
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๊ต์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์…จ๊ณ 
11:34
an award-winning author
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์ž…์ƒํ•œ ์ž‘๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋˜์…จ๊ณ 
11:36
and a mother,
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๋˜ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:37
and ended up sending her daughters to Harvard.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋”ธ๋“ค์„ ํ•˜๋ฒ„๋“œ์— ๋ณด๋‚ด์…จ์ฃ .
11:40
And these days, you can tell that she is amply comfortable
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์š”์ฆ˜์—๋Š”, ๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋Š” ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ
11:43
holding court in the most powerful institutions in the world.
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์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์— ๋“œ๋‚˜๋“ค๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:47
It seems almost too prophetic
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์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ํ•œ๊ตญ ์ด๋ฆ„์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€
11:49
that her name in Korean means
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"์—ด์ •์ ์ธ ํ™•์‹ "์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์˜ˆ์–ธ์— ๊ฐ€๊น๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:51
"passionate clarity."
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11:54
Passionate clarity:
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์—ด์ •์ ์ธ ํ™•์‹ ,
11:55
that's what I think we need to drive change.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด์•ผ๋ง๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ด๋Œ์–ด๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
11:58
Passion about the change we want to see in the world,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ด์ •,
12:02
and clarity that we are able to help chart the course.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๋„์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ํ™•์‹ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:06
We have more opportunity today than ever before
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์–ด๋Š ๋•Œ๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ๋งŽ์€
12:09
to make choices.
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์„ ํƒ์˜ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
12:11
We have more power than ever before to make our voices heard.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์–ด๋Š ๋•Œ๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ํฐ ํž˜์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:16
So change your perspective.
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๊ด€์ ์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์„œ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
12:20
Vote with your small change.
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์ ์€ ๋ˆ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ํˆฌํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
12:21
Invest in the change you want to see in the world.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ํˆฌ์žํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
12:25
Change the fables
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์šฐํ™”๋“ค์„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค์„ธ์š”.
12:27
and change the markets.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹œ์žฅ๋„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œ์ผœ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:29
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:30
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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