Jacqueline Novogratz: Inspiring a life of immersion

48,053 views ใƒป 2011-02-18

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Moshe Sayag ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:15
I've been spending a lot of time
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ืื ื™ ืžืฉืงื™ืขื” ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืืœื”
00:17
traveling around the world these days,
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ื‘ื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœืขื•ืœื
00:19
talking to groups of students and professionals,
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ืžื“ื‘ืจืช ืขื ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ื•ืื ืฉื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืข.
00:22
and everywhere I'm finding that I hear similar themes.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืื ื™ ืžื•ืฆืืช ืืช ืขืฆืžื™ ืžืงืฉื™ื‘ื” ืœืื•ืชื ื ื•ืฉืื™ื.
00:25
On the one hand, people say,
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ืžืฆื“ ืื—ื“, ืื ืฉื™ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื,
00:27
"The time for change is now."
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"ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื–ื” ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™".
00:29
They want to be part of it.
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ื”ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืงื—ืช ื‘ื–ื” ื—ืœืง.
00:31
They talk about wanting lives of purpose and greater meaning.
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ื”ื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืœื—ื™ื™ื ืขื ืžื˜ืจื” ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ.
00:34
But on the other hand,
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ืื‘ืœ ืžืฆื“ ืฉื ื™,
00:36
I hear people talking about fear,
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ืื ื™ ืฉื•ืžืขืช ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืคื—ื“,
00:38
a sense of risk-aversion.
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ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉืœ ืจืชื™ืขื” ืžืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื.
00:40
They say, "I really want to follow a life of purpose,
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ื”ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื: "ืื ื™ ื‘ืืžืช ืจื•ืฆื” ื—ื™ื™ื ืขื ืžื˜ืจื”,
00:42
but I don't know where to start.
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ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ.
00:44
I don't want to disappoint my family or friends."
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ืื ื™ ืœื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืื›ื–ื‘ ืืช ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ ืื• ื—ื‘ืจื™ื™".
00:47
I work in global poverty.
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ืื ื™ ืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืขื•ื ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™.
00:49
And they say, "I want to work in global poverty,
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ื•ื”ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื: "ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ืขื•ื ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™,
00:51
but what will it mean about my career?
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ื–ื” ื™ืขืฉื” ืœืงืจื™ื™ืจื” ืฉืœื™?
00:53
Will I be marginalized?
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ื”ืื ืื“ื—ืง ืœืฉื•ืœื™ื™ื?
00:55
Will I not make enough money?
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ื”ืื ืœื ืืจื•ื•ื™ื— ืžืกืคื™ืง ื›ืกืฃ?
00:57
Will I never get married or have children?"
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ื”ืื ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืื ืฉื ืื• ืื•ืœื™ื“ ื™ืœื“ื™ื?"
00:59
And as a woman who didn't get married until I was a lot older --
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ื•ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื” ืฉืœื ื ื™ืฉืื” ืขื“ ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ --
01:02
and I'm glad I waited --
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ื•ืื ื™ ืฉืžื—ื” ืฉื—ื™ื›ื™ืชื™ --
01:04
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืงื™ื)
01:06
-- and has no children,
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-- ื•ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื,
01:08
I look at these young people
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ืื ื™ ืžืกืชื›ืœืช ืขืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืืœื”
01:10
and I say, "Your job is not to be perfect.
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ื•ืื•ืžืจืช: "ืืชื ืœื ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืฉืœืžื™ื.
01:12
Your job is only to be human.
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ืชืคืงื™ื“ื›ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื.
01:14
And nothing important happens in life
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ื•ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื ืงื•ืจื” ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื
01:17
without a cost."
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ืœืœื ืžื—ื™ืจ".
01:20
These conversations really reflect what's happening
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ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ืืœื” ืžืฉืงืคื•ืช ื‘ืืžืช ืืช ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื”
01:22
at the national and international level.
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ื‘ืจืžื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช.
01:24
Our leaders and ourselves
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ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ื• ื•ืื ื—ื ื•
01:26
want everything,
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ืจื•ืฆื™ื ื”ื›ืœ,
01:28
but we don't talk about the costs.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ,
01:30
We don't talk about the sacrifice.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื”ืงืจื‘ื”.
01:33
One of my favorite quotes from literature
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ืื—ื“ ื”ืฆื™ื˜ื•ื˜ื™ื ืฉืื ื™ ื”ื›ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ืช ืžื”ืกืคืจื•ืช
01:35
was written by Tillie Olsen,
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ื ื›ืชื‘ ืข"ื™ ื˜ื™ืœื™ ืื•ืœืกืŸ,
01:37
the great American writer from the South.
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ื”ืกื•ืคืจืช ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช ื”ื ืคืœืื” ืžื”ื“ืจื•ื.
01:39
In a short story called "Oh Yes,"
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ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืงืฆืจ ืฉื ืงืจื "ื”ื• ื›ืŸ",
01:42
she talks about a white woman in the 1950s
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ื”ื™ื ืžืกืคืจืช ืขืœ ืื™ืฉื” ืœื‘ื ื” ื‘ื ื•ืช ื”-50 ืฉืœ ื”ืžืื” ื”ืขืฉืจื™ื
01:44
who has a daughter
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ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืœื” ื™ืœื“ื”
01:46
who befriends a little African American girl,
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ืฉื”ืชื—ื‘ืจื” ืœื™ืœื“ื” ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช ืฉื—ื•ืจื”.
01:49
and she looks at her child with a sense of pride,
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ื•ื”ื™ื ื”ืกืชื›ืœื” ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืชื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื’ืื•ื•ื”,
01:52
but she also wonders,
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื ื’ื ืชื”ืชื”,
01:54
what price will she pay?
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ืื™ื–ื” ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื™ื ืชืฉืœื?
01:56
"Better immersion
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"ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœืฉืงื•ืข
01:58
than to live untouched."
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ืžืืฉืจ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืœืœื ืจื’ืฉ".
02:00
But the real question is,
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ื”ื™ื,
02:02
what is the cost of not daring?
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ืžื”ื• ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ืชืขื•ื–ื”?
02:04
What is the cost of not trying?
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ืžื”ื• ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ืœื ืœื ืกื•ืช?
02:07
I've been so privileged in my life
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื›"ื› ื‘ืช ืžื–ืœ ื‘ื—ื™ื™
02:09
to know extraordinary leaders
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ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ื™ื•ืฆืื™ ื“ื•ืคืŸ
02:11
who have chosen to live lives of immersion.
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ืฉื‘ื—ืจื• ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ ืฉืงื™ืขื”.
02:14
One woman I knew who was a fellow
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ืื™ืฉื” ืื—ืช ืฉื”ื›ืจืชื™ ื”ื™ืชื” ื—ื‘ืจื”
02:16
at a program that I ran at the Rockefeller Foundation
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ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืฉื ื™ื”ืœืชื™ ื‘ืงืจืŸ ืจื•ืงืคืœืจ
02:18
was named Ingrid Washinawatok.
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ื•ืฉืžื” ื”ื™ื” ืื™ื ื’ืจื™ื“ ื•ื•ืฉื™ื ืื•ื•ืื˜ื•ืง.
02:20
She was a leader of the Menominee tribe,
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ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ืžื ื”ื™ื’ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ ืžื ื•ืžื™ื ื™,
02:23
a Native American peoples.
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ืฉื‘ื˜ ืื™ื ื“ื™ืื ื™ื.
02:25
And when we would gather as fellows,
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ื•ื›ืฉื ืืกืคื ื• ื›ื—ื‘ืจื™ื,
02:27
she would push us to think about
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ื”ื™ื ื“ื—ืงื” ื‘ื ื• ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ
02:30
how the elders in Native American culture
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ื”ื“ืจืš ื‘ื” ื”ื–ืงื ื™ื ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืื™ื ื“ื™ืื ื™ืช
02:33
make decisions.
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ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช.
02:35
And she said they would literally visualize
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื” ืฉื”ื ืžืžืฉ ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื”ื
02:37
the faces of children
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ืืช ืคื ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืฆืืฆืื™ื”ื
02:39
for seven generations into the future,
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ืฉื‘ืขื” ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืขืชื™ื“,
02:41
looking at them from the Earth,
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ืฆื•ืคื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืžืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ.
02:44
and they would look at them, holding them as stewards
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ื•ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ื, ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื›ืžื“ืจื™ื›ื™ื
02:46
for that future.
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ืœืขืชื™ื“ ื–ื”.
02:48
Ingrid understood that we are connected to each other,
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ืื™ื ื’ืจื™ื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ื–ื” ืœื–ื”,
02:50
not only as human beings,
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ืœื ืจืง ื›ื‘ื ื™ ืื ื•ืฉ,
02:52
but to every living thing on the planet.
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ืืœื ืœื›ืœ ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื—ื™ ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื”ืื“ืžื”.
02:55
And tragically, in 1999,
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ื•ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื˜ืจื’ื™, ื‘-1999
02:57
when she was in Colombia
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ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ืฉื”ืชื” ื‘ืงื•ืœื•ืžื‘ื™ื”
02:59
working with the U'wa people,
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ื•ืขื‘ื“ื” ืขื ืื ืฉื™ ืื•'ื•ื•ื”
03:01
focused on preserving their culture and language,
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ื‘ืžืืžืฅ ืœืฉืžืจ ืืช ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื ื•ืฉืคืชื,
03:04
she and two colleagues were abducted
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ื”ื™ื ื•ืฉื ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื” ื ื—ื˜ืคื•
03:06
and tortured and killed by the FARC.
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ืขื•ื ื• ื•ื ืจืฆื—ื• ืข"ื™ ื”ืžื—ืชืจืช ืคืืจืง
03:10
And whenever we would gather the fellows after that,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉืื ื• ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื ืืกืคื ื• ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ,
03:13
we would leave a chair empty for her spirit.
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ืื ื• ืžืฉืื™ืจื™ื ื›ืกื ืจื™ืง ืœื ืฉืžืชื”.
03:16
And more than a decade later,
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ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืขืฉื•ืจ ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ,
03:19
when I talk to NGO fellows,
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ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจืช ืขื ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืœื ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื,
03:21
whether in Trenton, New Jersey or the office of the White House,
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ืื ื‘ื˜ืจื ื˜ื•ืŸ, ื ื™ื• ื’'ืจื–ื™, ืื• ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœื‘ืŸ,
03:24
and we talk about Ingrid,
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ื•ืื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืื™ื ื’ืจื™ื“,
03:27
they all say that they're trying to integrate her wisdom
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ื•ื›ื•ืœื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื”ื ืžื ืกื™ื ืœืฉืœื‘ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื›ืžื” ืฉืœื”
03:29
and her spirit
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ื•ื”ืจื•ื— ืฉืœื”
03:31
and really build on the unfulfilled work
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ื•ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืžืžืฉ ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ื’ืžื•ืจื”
03:34
of her life's mission.
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ืฉืœ ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื”.
03:36
And when we think about legacy,
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ื•ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืžื•ืจืฉืช,
03:38
I can think of no more powerful one,
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ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืžืฉื”ื• ืขื•ืฆืžืชื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ,
03:40
despite how short her life was.
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื—ื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ื• ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืงืฆืจื™ื.
03:44
And I've been touched by Cambodian women --
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ื•ื ื’ืขื• ืœืœื™ื‘ื™ ื ืฉื™ื ืงืžื‘ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช,
03:46
beautiful women,
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ื ืฉื™ื ืžืงืกื™ืžื•ืช,
03:48
women who held the tradition of the classical dance in Cambodia.
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ื ืฉื™ื ืฉืฉืžืจื• ืขืœ ื”ืžืกื•ืจืช ืฉืœ ื”ืจื™ืงื•ื“ ื”ืงืœืืกื™ ื‘ืงืžื‘ื•ื“ื™ื”.
03:51
And I met them in the early '90s.
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ื•ืคื’ืฉืชื™ ืื•ืชืŸ ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-90.
03:54
In the 1970s, under the Pol Pot regime,
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ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-70, ืชื—ืช ืžืฉื˜ืจื• ืฉืœ ืคื•ืœ ืคื•ื˜,
03:56
the Khmer Rouge killed over a million people,
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ื”ื—ืžืจ ืจื•ื–' ืจืฆื—ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉ.
03:59
and they focused and targeted the elites and the intellectuals,
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ื•ื”ื ื”ืชืžืงื“ื• ื‘ืืœื™ื˜ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืœืงื˜ื•ืืœื™ื,
04:02
the artists, the dancers.
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ื‘ืื•ืžื ื™ื, ื‘ืจืงื“ื ื™ื•ืช.
04:04
And at the end of the war,
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ื•ื‘ืกื™ื•ื ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”,
04:06
there were only 30 of these classical dancers still living.
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ื ื•ืชืจื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ืจืง 30 ืžื”ืจืงื“ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงืœืืกื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”.
04:09
And the women, who I was so privileged to meet
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ื•ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืฉื ืคืœ ื‘ื—ืœืงื™ ืœืคื’ื•ืฉ
04:12
when there were three survivors,
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ืฉื”ื™ื• ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืžื”ื ื™ืฆื•ืœื•ืช,
04:14
told these stories about lying in their cots
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ืกื™ืคืจื• ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืฉื›ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื˜ื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ื”ืžืชืงืคืœื•ืช
04:16
in the refugee camps.
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ื‘ืžื—ื ื•ืช ื”ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื.
04:18
They said they would try so hard
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ื”ืŸ ืืžืจื• ืฉื™ื ืกื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื—ืŸ
04:20
to remember the fragments of the dance,
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ืœื”ื–ื›ืจ ื‘ืงื˜ืขื™ื ืžื”ืจื™ืงื•ื“,
04:23
hoping that others were alive and doing the same.
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ื‘ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืฉื’ื ืื—ืจื•ืช ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืขื•ืฉื•ืช ืื•ืชื• ื“ื‘ืจ.
04:26
And one woman stood there with this perfect carriage,
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ื•ืื™ืฉื” ืื—ืช ื ืขืžื“ื” ืฉื ื‘ื”ื•ืคืขื” ืžื•ืฉืœืžืช,
04:29
her hands at her side,
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ื™ื“ื™ื” ื‘ืฆื“ื“ื™ื”,
04:31
and she talked about
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืกื™ืคืจื” ืขืœ
04:33
the reunion of the 30 after the war
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ื”ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื”-30 ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”
04:35
and how extraordinary it was.
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ื•ืื™ื–ื” ืื™ืจื•ืข ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื”.
04:37
And these big tears fell down her face,
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ื•ื”ื“ืžืขื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื–ื•ืœื’ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ื”,
04:39
but she never lifted her hands to move them.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื”ืจื™ืžื” ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื” ืœืžื—ื•ืชืŸ.
04:42
And the women decided that they would train
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ื•ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื• ืฉื”ืŸ ื™ืืžื ื•,
04:45
not the next generation of girls, because they had grown too old already,
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ืœื ืืช ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื ื•ืช, ื›ื™ ื”ืŸ ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื•ื’ืจื•ืช ืžื“ื™,
04:48
but the next generation.
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ืืœื ืืช ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื.
04:50
And I sat there in the studio
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ื•ื™ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉื ื‘ืกื˜ื•ื“ื™ื•
04:52
watching these women clapping their hands --
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ืฆื•ืคื” ื‘ื ืฉื™ื ืืœื• ืžื•ื—ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื --
04:54
beautiful rhythms --
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ืงืฆื‘ ืžืงืกื™ื --
04:56
as these little fairy pixies
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ื•ื”ืคื™ื•ืช ื”ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”
04:58
were dancing around them,
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ืจืงื“ื• ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ืŸ,
05:00
wearing these beautiful silk colors.
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ืœื•ื‘ืฉื•ืช ืืช ืฆื‘ืขื™ ื”ืžืฉื™ ื”ืžืงืกื™ืžื™ื ื”ืืœื”.
05:02
And I thought, after all this atrocity,
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ื•ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™, ืื—ืจื™ ื›ืœ ื”ื–ื•ื•ืขื” ื”ื–ื•,
05:05
this is how human beings really pray.
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ื–ื• ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืืžืช ืžืชืคืœืœื™ื.
05:08
Because they're focused on honoring
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ื›ื™ ื”ืŸ ื”ืชืžืงื“ื• ื‘ืžืชืŸ ื›ื‘ื•ื“
05:11
what is most beautiful about our past
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ืœื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืžืงืกื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ืฉืœื ื•
05:14
and building it into
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ื•ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืชื• ืœืชื•ืš
05:16
the promise of our future.
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ื”ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื” ืœืขืชื™ื“ื ื•.
05:18
And what these women understood
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ื•ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•
05:20
is sometimes the most important things that we do
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ื”ื•ื ืฉืœืคืขืžื™ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื
05:22
and that we spend our time on
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ื•ืฉืื ื• ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืืช ื–ืžื ื ื•
05:24
are those things that we cannot measure.
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ื”ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืฉืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืžื“ื•ื“.
05:28
I also have been touched
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ื”ื›ืจืชื™ ื’ื
05:30
by the dark side of power and leadership.
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ืืช ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืืคืœ ืฉืœ ื›ื— ื•ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช.
05:33
And I have learned that power,
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ื•ืœืžื“ืชื™ ืฉื›ื—,
05:35
particularly in its absolute form,
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ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ืื‘ืกื•ืœื•ื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœื•,
05:37
is an equal opportunity provider.
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ืžืกืคืง ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช.
05:40
In 1986, I moved to Rwanda,
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ื‘-1986, ืขื‘ืจืชื™ ืœืจื•ืื ื“ื”,
05:42
and I worked with a very small group of Rwandan women
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ื•ืขื‘ื“ืชื™ ืขื ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืงื˜ื ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ืจื•ืื ื™ื•ืช
05:45
to start that country's first microfinance bank.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืงื™ื ื‘ื ืง ืžื™ืงืจื•-ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื”.
05:47
And one of the women was Agnes --
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ื•ืื—ืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ืื’ื ืก --
05:50
there on your extreme left --
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ืฉื ื‘ืงืฆื” ื”ืฉืžืืœื™ --
05:52
she was one of the first three
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ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ืื—ืช ืžืฉืœื•ืฉ
05:54
women parliamentarians in Rwanda,
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ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืœืžื ื˜ ื‘ืจื•ืื ื“ื”,
05:56
and her legacy should have been
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ื•ื”ืžื•ืจืฉืช ืฉืœื” ื”ื™ืชื” ืืžื•ืจื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช
05:58
to be one of the mothers of Rwanda.
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ืื—ืช ืžื”ืืžื”ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจื•ืื ื“ื”.
06:01
We built this institution based on social justice,
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ื‘ื ื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ื”ื–ื” ืขืœ ืฆื“ืง ื—ื‘ืจืชื™,
06:03
gender equity,
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ืฉื™ื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืžื’ื“ืจื™,
06:05
this idea of empowering women.
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ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขืฆืžืช ื ืฉื™ื.
06:09
But Agnes cared more about the trappings of power
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ืื‘ืœ ืื’ื ืก ื”ืชืขื ื™ื™ื ื” ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืงื™ืฉื•ื˜ื™ ื”ื›ื—
06:12
than she did principle at the end.
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ืžืืฉืจ ืžื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช.
06:14
And though she had been part of building a liberal party,
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ื•ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืœืงื—ื” ื—ืœืง ื‘ื”ืงืžืช ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ื”ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ืช,
06:17
a political party
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ืžืคืœื’ื” ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช
06:19
that was focused on diversity and tolerance,
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ืฉื”ืชืžืงื“ื” ื‘ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื•ืกื•ื‘ืœื ื•ืช,
06:22
about three months before the genocide, she switched parties
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ื•ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ืจืฆื— ื”ืขื, ื”ื™ื ื”ื—ืœื™ืคื” ืฆื“ื“ื™ื
06:24
and joined the extremist party, Hutu Power,
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ื•ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื” ืœืžืคืœื’ื” ื”ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช, ื›ื— ื”ื•ื˜ื•,
06:27
and she became the Minister of Justice
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ืžื•ื ืชื” ื›ืฉืจืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื
06:29
under the genocide regime
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ืชื—ืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืจืฆื—ื ื™
06:31
and was known for inciting men to kill faster
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ื•ื ื•ื“ืขื” ื‘ื“ื™ืจื‘ื•ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื ืœืจืฆื•ื— ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช
06:34
and stop behaving like women.
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ื•ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืœื”ืชื ื”ื’ ื›ืžื• ื ืฉื™ื.
06:36
She was convicted
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ื”ื™ื ื”ื•ืจืฉืขื”
06:38
of category one crimes of genocide.
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ื‘ืจืฆื— ืขื ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื”.
06:41
And I would visit her in the prisons,
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ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื‘ืงืจืช ืื•ืชื” ื‘ื›ืœื,
06:44
sitting side-by-side, knees touching,
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ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื–ื• ืœืฆื“ ื–ื•, ื”ื‘ืจื›ื™ื™ื ื ื•ื’ืขื•ืช,
06:47
and I would have to admit to myself
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ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ื›ื™
06:49
that monsters exist in all of us,
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ืฉื”ืžืคืœืฆื•ืช ื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืื™ืชื ื•,
06:52
but that maybe it's not monsters so much,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื•ืœื™ ื”ืŸ ืœื ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ืžืคืœืฆื•ืช,
06:54
but the broken parts of ourselves,
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ืืœื ื—ืœืงื™ื ื“ืคื•ืงื™ื ืืฆืœื ื•,
06:57
sadnesses, secret shame,
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ืขืฆื‘ื•ืช, ื‘ื•ืฉื” ืกืžื•ื™ื”,
07:00
and that ultimately it's easy for demagogues
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ื•ื–ื” ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืจ ืคื•ืจื” ืœื“ืžื’ื•ื’ื™ื
07:03
to prey on those parts,
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ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืขืœ ื—ืœืงื™ื ืืœื•,
07:05
those fragments, if you will,
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ื”ืจืกื™ืกื™ื ื”ืืœื•, ืื ืชืจืฆื•,
07:07
and to make us look at other beings, human beings,
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ื•ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื ื• ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ื‘ื ื™ ืื ื•ืฉ,
07:10
as lesser than ourselves --
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ืคื—ื•ืชื™ื ืžืื™ืชื ื• --
07:13
and in the extreme, to do terrible things.
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ื•ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื, ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืขืฉื™ื ืื™ื•ืžื™ื.
07:16
And there is no group
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ื•ืื™ืŸ ืืฃ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื”
07:18
more vulnerable to those kinds of manipulations
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ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืกื•ื’ ื›ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืžื ื™ืคื•ืœืฆื™ื•ืช
07:21
than young men.
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ืžืืฉืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื.
07:23
I've heard it said that the most dangerous animal on the planet
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ืฉืžืขืชื™ ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื”ื—ื™ื” ื”ืžืกื•ื›ื ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื
07:26
is the adolescent male.
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ื”ื•ื ื’ื‘ืจ ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ื”ื”ืชื‘ื’ืจื•ืช.
07:28
And so in a gathering
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ืื– ื‘ืžืคื’ืฉื™ื
07:30
where we're focused on women,
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ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื”ืชืžืงื“ื ื• ื‘ื ืฉื™ื,
07:32
while it is so critical that we invest in our girls
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ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื–ื” ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ื‘ื™ืœื“ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•
07:35
and we even the playing field
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืื–ื ื™ื ืืช ืžื’ืจืฉ ื”ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื
07:37
and we find ways to honor them,
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœืฉื‘ื— ืื•ืชืŸ
07:40
we have to remember that the girls and the women
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืฉื”ื™ืœื“ื•ืช ื•ื”ื ืฉื™ื
07:43
are most isolated and violated
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ื”ืŸ ื”ื›ื™ ืžื‘ื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ื•ืคื’ื•ืขื•ืช
07:45
and victimized and made invisible
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ื•ืžื ื•ืฆืœื•ืช ืœืจืขื” ื•ื”ื•ืคื›ื•ืช ืœื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืจืื•ืช
07:47
in those very societies
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ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง
07:49
where our men and our boys
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ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•
07:51
feel disempowered,
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ื—ืฉื™ื ื—ืกืจื™ ื›ื—
07:53
unable to provide.
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ืœื ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœืคืจื ืก.
07:55
And that, when they sit on those street corners
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ื•ื›ืš, ื›ืฉื”ื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ืคื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช
07:58
and all they can think of in the future
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ื•ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“
08:00
is no job, no education,
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ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ืกืจ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืฉื›ืœื”,
08:02
no possibility,
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ื—ื•ืกืจ ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช,
08:04
well then it's easy to understand
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ืื– ืงืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ
08:06
how the greatest source of status
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ืื™ืš ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืœืžืขืžื“
08:08
can come from a uniform
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ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ื•ื ืžืžื“ื™ื
08:10
and a gun.
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ื•ืืงื“ื—.
08:12
Sometimes very small investments
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ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื”ืฉืงืขื” ืงื˜ื ื” ืžืื•ื“
08:14
can release enormous, infinite potential
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ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืฉื—ืจืจ ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ืื“ื™ืจ, ืื™ืŸ ืกื•ืคื™
08:16
that exists in all of us.
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ืฉืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืื™ืชื ื•.
08:18
One of the Acumen Fund fellows at my organization,
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ืœืื—ื“ ืžื—ื‘ืจื™ ืงืจืŸ ืืงื•ืžืŸ ื‘ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™,
08:20
Suraj Sudhakar,
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ืกื•ืจืื’' ืกื•ื“ืืงืืจ,
08:22
has what we call moral imagination --
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ื™ืฉ, ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื›ื ื™ื, ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ ืžื•ืกืจื™ --
08:25
the ability to put yourself in another person's shoes
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ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœืฉื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžืš ื‘ื ืขืœื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ
08:27
and lead from that perspective.
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ื•ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืžื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ื”ืฉืงืคื” ื”ื–ื•.
08:29
And he's been working with this young group of men
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืขื‘ื“ ืขื ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”
08:33
who come from the largest slum in the world, Kibera.
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ืฉื‘ืื• ืžืฉื›ื•ื ืช ื”ืขื•ื ื™ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ืงื™ื‘ืจื”.
08:36
And they're incredible guys.
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ื•ื”ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื™ื.
08:38
And together they started a book club
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ื•ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ื”ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืžื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืกืคืจื™ื
08:40
for a hundred people in the slums,
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ืœืžืื•ืช ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื ื™,
08:42
and they're reading many TED authors and liking it.
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ื•ื”ื ืงืจืื• ืกื•ืคืจื™ TED ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ืื”ื‘ื• ืื•ืชื.
08:45
And then they created a business plan competition.
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ื•ืื– ื”ื ืขืจื›ื• ืชื—ืจื•ืช ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืขืกืงื™ื•ืช.
08:48
Then they decided that they would do TEDx's.
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ื•ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื• ืœืขืจื•ืš ื›ื ืกื™ TEDx.
08:51
And I have learned so much
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ื•ืœืžื“ืชื™ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื”
08:53
from Chris and Kevin
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ืžื›ืจื™ืก ื•ืงื•ื•ื™ืŸ
08:55
and Alex and Herbert
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ื•ืืœื›ืก ื•ื”ืจื‘ืจื˜
08:57
and all of these young men.
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ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”.
08:59
Alex, in some ways, said it best.
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ืืœื›ืก ื ื™ืกื— ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
09:01
He said, "We used to feel like nobodies,
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ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ: ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื›ืžื• ืืฃ ืื—ื“,
09:03
but now we feel like somebodies."
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื›ืžื• ืžื™ืฉื”ื•".
09:05
And I think we have it all wrong
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื˜ื•ืขื™ื
09:07
when we think that income is the link.
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ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื”ื™ื ื”ื’ื•ืจื ื”ืžืงืฉืจ.
09:09
What we really yearn for as human beings
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืืœื™ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืืžืช ืžืฉืชื•ืงืงื™ื ื›ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื
09:11
is to be visible to each other.
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ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ืจืื™ื ื–ื” ืœื–ื”.
09:14
And the reason these young guys
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ื•ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืืœื”
09:16
told me that they're doing these TEDx's
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ืืžืจื• ืœื™ ืฉื”ื ืขื•ืจื›ื™ื ืืช ื”-TEDx ื”ืืœื”
09:18
is because they were sick and tired
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ื”ื™ื ืฉื ืžืืก ืœื”ื
09:20
of the only workshops coming to the slums
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ืžื›ืœ ื”ืกืžื™ื ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื ื™
09:23
being those workshops focused on HIV,
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ืกืžื™ื ืจื™ื ืฉื”ืชืžืงื“ื• ื‘ืื™ื™ื“ืก,
09:26
or at best, microfinance.
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ืื• ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื”ื˜ื•ื‘, ื‘ืžื™ืงืจื•-ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื.
09:28
And they wanted to celebrate
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ื•ื”ื ืจืฆื• ืœื—ื’ื•ื’
09:30
what's beautiful about Kibera and Mathare --
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ืืช ื”ื™ื•ืคื™ ืฉืœ ืงื™ื‘ืจื” ื•ืžืช'ืจื” --
09:33
the photojournalists and the creatives,
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ืฆืœืžื™ ื”ืขื™ืชื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื,
09:35
the graffiti artists, the teachers and the entrepreneurs.
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ืืžื ื™ ื”ื’ืจืคื™ื˜ื™, ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื–ืžื™ื.
09:38
And they're doing it.
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ื•ื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื–ื”.
09:40
And my hat's off to you in Kibera.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžืกื™ืจื” ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื‘ืข ื‘ืคื ื™ ืงื™ื‘ืจื”.
09:43
My own work focuses
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ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ ืขืฆืžื™ ืžืชืžืงื“ืช
09:45
on making philanthropy more effective
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ื‘ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื”ืคื™ืœื ื˜ืจื•ืคื™ื” (ื ื“ื‘ื ื•ืช) ืœื™ืขื™ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ
09:48
and capitalism more inclusive.
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ื•ืืช ื”ืงืคื™ื˜ืœื™ื–ื ืœื›ื•ืœืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
09:51
At Acumen Fund, we take philanthropic resources
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ื‘ืงืจืŸ ืืงื•ืžืŸ, ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืคื™ืœื ื˜ืจื•ืคื™ื
09:54
and we invest what we call patient capital --
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ื•ืื ื• ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื ืืช ืžื” ืฉืื ื• ืžื›ื ื™ื "ื”ื•ืŸ ืกื‘ืœื ื™" --
09:56
money that will invest in entrepreneurs who see the poor
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ื›ืกืฃ ืฉื™ื•ืฉืงืข ื‘ื™ื–ืžื™ื ืฉืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื,
09:59
not as passive recipients of charity,
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ืœื ื›ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืคืกื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฆื“ืงื”,
10:01
but as full-bodied agents of change
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ืืœื ื›ืกื•ื›ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™
10:03
who want to solve their own problems
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ืฉืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืคืชื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขืฆืžื
10:05
and make their own decisions.
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ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขืฆืžื.
10:07
We leave our money for 10 to 15 years,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืœ 10-15 ืฉื ื™ื,
10:09
and when we get it back, we invest in other innovations
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ื•ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื—ื–ืจื”, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื.
10:11
that focus on change.
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ื”ื”ืชืžืงื“ื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™.
10:13
I know it works.
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ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืฉื”ื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช.
10:15
We've invested more than 50 million dollars in 50 companies,
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ื”ืฉืงืขื ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-50 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืจ ื‘-50 ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช.
10:18
and those companies have brought another 200 million dollars
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ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืขื•ื“ 200 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืจ
10:21
into these forgotten markets.
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ืœืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื”ื ืฉื›ื—ื™ื ื”ืืœื”.
10:23
This year alone, they've delivered 40 million services
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ื‘ืฉื ื” ื–ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื”ื ืกื™ืคืงื• 40 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื
10:26
like maternal health care and housing,
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ื›ืžื• ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ื“ื™ื•ืจ,
10:28
emergency services, solar energy,
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ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื—ื™ืจื•ื, ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืกื•ืœืืจื™ืช,
10:31
so that people can have more dignity
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ื›ืš ืฉืœืื ืฉื™ื ื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ื‘ื•ื“
10:33
in solving their problems.
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ื‘ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื.
10:36
Patient capital is uncomfortable
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ื”ื•ืŸ ืกื‘ืœื ื™ ืื™ื ื• ืžืชืื™ื
10:38
for people searching for simple solutions,
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ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืคืฉื•ื˜ื™ื,
10:40
easy categories,
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ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืคืฉื•ื˜ื•ืช,
10:42
because we don't see profit as a blunt instrument.
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ื›ื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ ืงื”ื”.
10:45
But we find those entrepreneurs
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืืช ื”ื™ื–ืžื™ื ื”ืืœื”
10:47
who put people and the planet
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ืฉืฉืžื™ื ืืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื•ืืช ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ
10:49
before profit.
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ืœืคื ื™ ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื.
10:51
And ultimately, we want to be part of a movement
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ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืœืง ืžืชื ื•ืขื”
10:54
that is about measuring impact,
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ืฉืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ืžื“ื™ื“ืช ื”ืฉืคืขื”,
10:56
measuring what is most important to us.
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ืžื“ื™ื“ืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื›ื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื ื•.
10:59
And my dream is we'll have a world one day
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ื•ื”ื—ืœื•ื ืฉืœื™ ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ืขื•ืœื
11:02
where we don't just honor those who take money
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ืฉื‘ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ื›ืฉื™ื ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœื ืจืง ืœืžื™ ืฉืœื•ืงื— ื›ืกืฃ
11:04
and make more money from it,
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ื•ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืžืžื ื• ืขื•ื“ ื›ืกืฃ,
11:06
but we find those individuals who take our resources
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ืืœื ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืืช ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืฉืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•
11:09
and convert it into changing the world
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ื•ืžืžื™ืจื™ื ืื•ืชื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื
11:11
in the most positive ways.
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ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
11:13
And it's only when we honor them
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ื•ืจืง ื›ืฉื ืจื›ื•ืฉ ืœื”ื ื›ื‘ื•ื“
11:15
and celebrate them and give them status
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ื•ื ืฉื‘ื— ืื•ืชื ื•ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื ืžืขืžื“
11:17
that the world will really change.
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ื”ืขื•ืœื ื™ืฉืชื ื” ื‘ืืžืช.
11:20
Last May I had this extraordinary 24-hour period
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ื‘ืžืื™ ืฉืขื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื• ืœื™ 24 ืฉืขื•ืช ื™ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื“ื•ืคืŸ
11:23
where I saw two visions of the world
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ื›ืฉืจืื™ืชื™ ืฉื ื™ ื—ื–ื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื
11:25
living side-by-side --
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ื—ื™ื™ื ื–ื” ืœืฆื“ ื–ื” --
11:27
one based on violence
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ื”ืื—ื“ ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ืืœื™ืžื•ืช
11:29
and the other on transcendence.
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ื•ื”ืฉื ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช.
11:31
I happened to be in Lahore, Pakistan
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื‘ืœืื•ืจื”, ืคืงื™ืกื˜ืŸ
11:33
on the day that two mosques were attacked
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ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื•ืชืงืคื• ืฉื ื™ ืžืกื’ื“ื™ื
11:35
by suicide bombers.
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ืข"ื™ ืžื—ื‘ืœื™ื ืžืชืื‘ื“ื™ื.
11:37
And the reason these mosques were attacked
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ื•ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืžืกื’ื“ื™ื ืืœื” ื”ื•ืชืงืคื•
11:39
is because the people praying inside
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ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ืžืชืคืœืœื™ื ื‘ืชื•ื›ื
11:41
were from a particular sect of Islam
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ื”ื™ื• ืžืคืœื’ ืžืกื•ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ืกืœื
11:43
who fundamentalists don't believe are fully Muslim.
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ืฉืคื•ื ื“ืžื ื˜ืœื™ืกื˜ื™ื ืœื ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ื.
11:46
And not only did those suicide bombers
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ื•ืœื ืจืง ืฉืžื—ื‘ืœื™ื ืžืชืื‘ื“ื™ื ืืœื”
11:48
take a hundred lives,
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ืจืฆื—ื• ืžืื” ืื ืฉื™ื,
11:50
but they did more,
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื–ื”,
11:52
because they created more hatred, more rage, more fear
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ื”ื ื™ืฆืจื• ืขื•ื“ ืฉื ืื”, ืขื•ื“ ื–ืขื, ืขื•ื“ ืคื—ื“
11:55
and certainly despair.
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ื•ืœืœื ืกืคืง ื’ื ื™ืื•ืฉ.
11:58
But less than 24 hours,
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ืื‘ืœ ืคื—ื•ืช ืž-24 ืฉืขื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ,
12:00
I was 13 miles away from those mosques,
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ 13 ืžื™ื™ืœ ืžืžืกื’ื“ื™ื ืืœื”,
12:03
visiting one of our Acumen investees,
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ื‘ื™ืงืจืชื™ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืžื•ืฉืงืขื™ื ืข"ื™ ืืงื•ืžืŸ,
12:05
an incredible man, Jawad Aslam,
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ืื“ื ืžื“ื”ื™ื, ื’'ื•ื•ืื“ ืืกืœืื,
12:07
who dares to live a life of immersion.
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ืฉืžืขื– ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ ืฉืงื™ืขื”.
12:10
Born and raised in Baltimore,
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ื ื•ืœื“ ื•ื’ื“ืœ ื‘ื‘ื•ืœื˜ื™ืžื•ืจ,
12:12
he studied real estate, worked in commercial real estate,
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ื”ื•ื ืœืžื“ ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ, ืขื‘ื“ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ืžืกื—ืจื™ืช ืœื ื“ืœ"ืŸ,
12:15
and after 9/11 decided he was going to Pakistan to make a difference.
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ื•ืื—ืจื™ 9/11 ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื•ืกืข ืœืคืงื™ืกื˜ืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™.
12:18
For two years, he hardly made any money, a tiny stipend,
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ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื, ื”ื•ื ื›ืžืขื˜ ื•ืœื ื”ืจื•ื•ื™ื— ื›ืกืฃ, ืงืฆื‘ื” ืžื–ืขืจื™ืช,
12:21
but he apprenticed with this incredible housing developer
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ื”ืชืžื—ื” ืืฆืœ ืžืคืชื—ืช ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื”
12:24
named Tasneem Saddiqui.
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ื‘ืฉื ื˜ืกื ื™ื ืกื“ื™ืงื™.
12:27
And he had a dream that he would build a housing community
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ื•ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ื—ืœื•ื ืœื”ืงื™ื ืงื”ื™ืœืช ื“ื™ื•ืจ
12:29
on this barren piece of land
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ื‘ื—ืœืงืช ื”ืื“ืžื” ื”ืขืงืจื” ื”ื–ื•
12:31
using patient capital,
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ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื”ื•ืŸ ืกื‘ืœื ื™,
12:33
but he continued to pay a price.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืฉืœื ืžื—ื™ืจ.
12:35
He stood on moral ground
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ื”ื•ื ื ื™ืฆื‘ ืขืœ ืงืจืงืข ืžื•ืกืจื™ืช
12:37
and refused to pay bribes.
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ื•ืกื™ืจื‘ ืœืฉืœื ืฉื•ื—ื“.
12:39
It took almost two years just to register the land.
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ืœืงื— ื›ืžืขื˜ ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ืจืง ืœืจืฉื•ื ืืช ื”ืงืจืงืข.
12:42
But I saw how the level of moral standard can rise
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ืื‘ืœ ืจืื™ืชื™ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืจืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืกืจื™ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขืœื•ืช
12:45
from one person's action.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืžืขืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ืื“ื ืื—ื“.
12:48
Today, 2,000 people live in 300 houses
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ื”ื™ื•ื, 2,000 ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืชื’ื•ืจืจื™ื ื‘-300 ื‘ืชื™ื
12:51
in this beautiful community.
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ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืžืงืกื™ืžื”.
12:53
And there's schools and clinics and shops.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉื ื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ ื•ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื•ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช.
12:56
But there's only one mosque.
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืจืง ืžืกื’ื“ ืื—ื“.
12:58
And so I asked Jawad,
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ื•ื›ืฉืฉืืœืชื™ ืืช ื’'ื•ื•ืื“:
13:00
"How do you guys navigate? This is a really diverse community.
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"ืื™ืš ืืชื ืžืชืžืจื ื™ื? ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืžืžืฉ ืžื’ื•ื•ื ืช.
13:03
Who gets to use the mosque on Fridays?"
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ืžื™ ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžืกื’ื“ ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืฉื™ืฉื™?"
13:05
He said, "Long story.
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ื”ื•ื ืขื ื”: "ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืืจื•ืš.
13:07
It was hard, it was a difficult road,
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ื”ื™ื” ืงืฉื”, ื–ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื“ืจืš ืงืฉื”,
13:10
but ultimately the leaders of the community came together,
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ืื‘ืœ ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ืชื›ื ืกื•,
13:13
realizing we only have each other.
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ื”ื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืจืง ื–ื” ืืช ื–ื”.
13:16
And we decided that we would elect
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ื•ื”ื—ืœื˜ื ื• ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืืช
13:18
the three most respected imams,
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ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืื™ืžืืžื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ืžื›ื•ื‘ื“ื™ื,
13:20
and those imams would take turns,
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ื•ื”ืื™ืžืืžื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื™ืชื—ืœืคื• ืœืคื™ ื”ืชื•ืจ,
13:22
they would rotate who would say Friday prayer.
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ื”ื ื™ืชื—ืœืคื• ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ืชืคื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™.
13:24
But the whole community,
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื›ื•ืœื”,
13:26
all the different sects, including Shi'a and Sunni,
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ื›ืœ ื”ืคืœื’ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื›ื•ืœืœ ื”ืฉื™ืขื™ื ื•ื”ืกื•ื ื™ื,
13:29
would sit together and pray."
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ื™ื™ืฉื‘ื• ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ื•ื”ืชืคืœืœื•".
13:32
We need that kind of moral leadership and courage
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ืื ื• ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœืกื•ื’ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช ืžื•ืกืจื™ืช ื•ืื•ืžืฅ
13:34
in our worlds.
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ื‘ืขื•ืœืžื ื•.
13:36
We face huge issues as a world --
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ืื ื• ื ื™ืฆื‘ื™ื ื‘ืคื ื™ ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืขื ืงื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœืžื ื• --
13:39
the financial crisis,
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ื”ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™,
13:41
global warming
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ื”ืชื—ืžืžื•ืช ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช
13:43
and this growing sense of fear and otherness.
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ื•ื”ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ื”ื’ื•ื‘ืจืช ืฉืœ ื—ืฉืฉ ื•ื–ืจื•ืช.
13:46
And every day we have a choice.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ืขื•ืžื“ืช ื‘ืคื ื™ื ื• ื”ื‘ืจื™ืจื”.
13:49
We can take the easier road,
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ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ืงืœื”,
13:51
the more cynical road,
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ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ืฆื™ื ื™ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ,
13:53
which is a road based on
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ืฉื”ื™ื ื“ืจืš ืฉืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืœืคืขืžื™ื
13:55
sometimes dreams of a past that never really was,
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ืขืœ ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช ืขืœ ืขื‘ืจ ืฉืœื ื‘ืืžืช ื”ื™ื”,
13:58
a fear of each other,
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ืคื—ื“ ื–ื” ืžื–ื”,
14:01
distancing and blame.
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ืจื™ื—ื•ืง ื•ืืฉืžื”,
14:03
Or we can take the much more difficult path
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ืื• ืฉืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื”ืงืฉื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ
14:06
of transformation, transcendence,
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ืฉืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™, ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช,
14:08
compassion and love,
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ื—ืžืœื” ื•ืื”ื‘ื”,
14:10
but also accountability and justice.
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ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ืฉืœ ืœืงื™ื—ืช ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืฆื“ืง.
14:14
I had the great honor
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ื ืคืœ ื‘ื—ืœืงื™ ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ
14:16
of working with the child psychologist Dr. Robert Coles,
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ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืขื ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื“"ืจ ืจื•ื‘ืจื˜ ืงื•ืœืก
14:19
who stood up for change
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ืฉืคืขืœ ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™
14:21
during the Civil Rights movement in the United States.
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ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ืœื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื–ืจื— ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘.
14:24
And he tells this incredible story
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืกืคืจ ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืžื“ื”ื™ื
14:26
about working with a little six-year-old girl named Ruby Bridges,
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ืขืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืขื ื™ืœื“ื” ื‘ืช 6 ื‘ืฉื ืจื•ื‘ื™ ื‘ืจื™ื“ื’'ืก,
14:29
the first child to desegregate schools in the South --
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ื”ื™ืœื“ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉื”ืคืจื” ืืช ื”ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ื‘ื“ืจื•ื --
14:32
in this case, New Orleans.
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ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื”ื–ื” ื‘ื ื™ื• ืื•ืจืœื™ื ืก.
14:34
And he said that every day
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื
14:36
this six-year-old, dressed in her beautiful dress,
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ื‘ืช ื”ืฉืฉ ืœื‘ืฉื” ืืช ืฉืžืœืชื” ื”ื™ืคื”,
14:38
would walk with real grace
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ื•ืฆืขื“ื” ื‘ื—ืŸ ืืžื™ืชื™
14:40
through a phalanx of white people
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื‘ื ื™ื
14:43
screaming angrily, calling her a monster,
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ืฆื•ืขืงื™ื ื‘ืขืฆื‘ื ื•ืช, ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœื” ืžืคืœืฆืช,
14:45
threatening to poison her --
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ืžืื™ื™ืžื™ื ืœื”ืจืขื™ืœ ืื•ืชื” --
14:47
distorted faces.
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ืคืจืฆื•ืคื™ื ืžืขื•ื•ืชื™ื.
14:49
And every day he would watch her,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื”ื•ื ืฆืคื” ื‘ื”,
14:51
and it looked like she was talking to the people.
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ื•ื ืจืื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื‘ืจืช ืืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื.
14:53
And he would say, "Ruby, what are you saying?"
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉืืœ: "ืจื•ื‘ื™, ืžื” ืืช ืื•ืžืจืช?"
14:55
And she'd say, "I'm not talking."
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื”: "ืื ื™ ืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจืช".
14:57
And finally he said, "Ruby, I see that you're talking.
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ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ: "ืจื•ื‘ื™, ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืฉืืช ืžื“ื‘ืจืช.
14:59
What are you saying?"
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ืžื” ืืช ืื•ืžืจืช?"
15:01
And she said, "Dr. Coles, I am not talking;
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื”: "ื“"ืจ ืงื•ืœืก, ืื ื™ ืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจืช.
15:03
I'm praying."
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ืื ื™ ืžืชืคืœืœืช."
15:05
And he said, "Well, what are you praying?"
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉืืœ: "ื˜ื•ื‘, ืžื” ืืช ืžืชืคืœืœืช?"
15:08
And she said, "I'm praying, 'Father, forgive them,
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื”: "ืื ื™ ืžืชืคืœืœืช, ืฉืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื™ื™ืกืœื— ืœื”ื
15:10
for they know not what they are doing.'"
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ืขืœ ืฉืื™ื ื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžื” ื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื."
15:13
At age six,
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ื‘ื’ื™ืœ 6,
15:15
this child was living a life of immersion,
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ื”ื™ืœื“ื” ื”ื–ื• ื—ื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉืงื™ืขื”,
15:18
and her family paid a price for it.
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ื•ืžืฉืคื—ืชื” ืฉื™ืœืžื” ืขืœ ื›ืš ืžื—ื™ืจ.
15:20
But she became part of history
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื ื”ืคื›ื” ืœื—ืœืง ืžื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื”
15:22
and opened up this idea
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ื•ืคืชื—ื” ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ
15:24
that all of us should have access to education.
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ืฉืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืื™ืชื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœื”ืฉื›ืœื”.
15:29
My final story is about a young, beautiful man
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ื”ืกืคื•ืจ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™ ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ื’ื‘ืจ ืฆืขื™ืจ ื•ื™ืคื”
15:31
named Josephat Byaruhanga,
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ื‘ืฉื ื’'ื•ื–ืคืช ื‘ื™ืืจื•ืื ื’ื”
15:33
who was another Acumen Fund fellow,
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ื—ื‘ืจ ื ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ืงืจืŸ ืืงื•ืžืŸ
15:35
who hails from Uganda, a farming community.
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ืฉื™ืฆืจ ืงืฉืจ ืžืื•ื’ื ื“ื”, ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื—ืงืœืื™ืช,
15:38
And we placed him in a company in Western Kenya,
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ื•ืžื™ืงืžื ื• ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ืงื ื™ื” ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ืช,
15:41
just 200 miles away.
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ืจืง 200 ืžื™ื™ืœ (320 ืง"ืž) ืžืฉื
15:43
And he said to me at the end of his year,
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืกื™ืคืจ ืœื™ ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืฉื ื”,
15:46
"Jacqueline, it was so humbling,
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ื’'ืงืœื™ืŸ, ื–ื” ื”ืฉืจื” ืขื ื•ื•ื”,
15:48
because I thought as a farmer and as an African
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ื›ื™ ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉื›ื—ืงืœืื™ ื•ื›ืืคืจื™ืงืื™
15:51
I would understand how to transcend culture.
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ืื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ืœื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ืžืขืœ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช
15:53
But especially when I was talking to the African women,
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ืื‘ืœ, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื›ืฉื“ื™ื‘ืจืชื™ ืขื ื ืฉื™ื ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื•ืช,
15:56
I sometimes made these mistakes --
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ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ืืช ื”ื˜ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” --
15:58
it was so hard for me to learn how to listen."
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ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืงืฉื” ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืื™ืš ืœื”ืงืฉื™ื‘."
16:00
And he said, "So I conclude that, in many ways,
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ: "ืื– ืื ื™ ืžืกื›ื ื‘ื–ืืช, ืฉื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช,
16:02
leadership is like a panicle of rice.
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ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื›ืžื• ื’ื‘ืขื•ืœ ืื•ืจื–
16:05
Because at the height of the season,
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ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉื™ื ื”ืขื•ื ื”,
16:07
at the height of its powers,
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ื‘ืฉื™ื ื”ืขื•ืฆืžื”,
16:09
it's beautiful, it's green, it nourishes the world,
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ื”ื•ื ื™ืคื”, ื”ื•ื ื™ืจื•ืง, ื”ื•ื ืžื–ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื,
16:12
it reaches to the heavens."
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ื”ื•ื ื ื•ื’ืข ื‘ืฉืžื™ื™ื."
16:14
And he said, "But right before the harvest,
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ: "ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืงืฆื™ืจ,
16:17
it bends over
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ื”ื•ื ืžืชื›ื•ืคืฃ
16:19
with great gratitude and humility
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ืขื ื”ื›ืจืช ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ื•ืฆื ื™ืขื•ืช
16:21
to touch the earth from where it came."
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ืœื’ืขืช ื‘ืื“ืžื” ืฉืžืžื ื” ื‘ื."
16:25
We need leaders.
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ืื ื• ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื.
16:27
We ourselves need to lead
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ืื ื• ืขืฆืžื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ
16:30
from a place that has the audacity
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ืžื”ืžืงื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ื™ืฉ ืืช ืขื–ื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื—
16:32
to believe we can, ourselves,
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ืœื”ืืžื™ืŸ ืฉืื ื• ื‘ืขืฆืžื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื
16:34
extend the fundamental assumption
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ืœื”ืคื™ืฅ ืืช ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ืช
16:36
that all men are created equal
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ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื ื•ืฆืจื• ืฉื•ื•ื™ื
16:39
to every man, woman and child on this planet.
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ืœื›ืœ ื’ื‘ืจ, ืื™ืฉื” ื•ื™ืœื“ ืขืœ ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ.
16:42
And we need to have the humility to recognize
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ื•ืื ื• ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœืขื ื•ื•ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช
16:45
that we cannot do it alone.
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ืฉืื ื• ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ืœื‘ื“ื™ื ื•.
16:48
Robert Kennedy once said
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ืจื•ื‘ืจื˜ ืงื ื“ื™ ืืžืจ ืคืขื
16:50
that "few of us have the greatness to bend history itself,
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ืฉ-"ืจืง ืœืžืขื˜ื™ื ืžืื™ืชื ื• ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืขืฆืžื”,
16:53
but each of us can work
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืื™ืชื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืคืขื•ืœ
16:56
to change a small portion of events."
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ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžืกืคืจ ืงื˜ืŸ ืฉืœ ืืจื•ืขื™ื.
16:59
And it is in the total of all those acts
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ื•ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืืœื•
17:02
that the history of this generation will be written.
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ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ื™ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”."
17:05
Our lives are so short,
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ื—ื™ื™ื ื• ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืงืฆืจื™ื,
17:08
and our time on this planet
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ื•ื–ืžื ื ื• ืขืœ ื”ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”
17:10
is so precious,
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ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื™ืงืจ,
17:12
and all we have is each other.
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ื•ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื”ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ืืช ืจืขื”ื•.
17:15
So may each of you
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ื”ืœื•ื•ืื™ ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื›ื
17:17
live lives of immersion.
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ื™ื—ื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉืงื™ืขื”.
17:20
They won't necessarily be easy lives,
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ื”ื ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื”ื›ืจื— ื—ื™ื™ื ืงืœื™ื,
17:23
but in the end, it is all that will sustain us.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื›ืœ, ื–ื” ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื™ืงื™ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื•.
17:27
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื”
17:29
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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