When we design for disability, we all benefit | Elise Roy

147,941 views ใƒป 2016-08-16

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Ido Dekkers ืžื‘ืงืจ: Zeeva Livshitz
00:13
I'll never forget the sound
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ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืืฉื›ื— ืืช ื”ืงื•ืœ
00:15
of laughing with my friends.
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ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื—ื•ืง ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™
00:19
I'll never forget the sound
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ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืืฉื›ื— ืืช ื”ืงื•ืœ
00:20
of my mother's voice right before I fell asleep.
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ืฉืœ ืงื•ืœ ืืžื™ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื™ื ื”
00:26
And I'll never forget the comforting sound of water
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ื•ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืืฉื›ื— ืืช ื”ืงื•ืœ ื”ืžื ื—ื ืฉืœ ืžื™ื
00:30
trickling down a stream.
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ื”ื™ื•ืจื“ื™ื ืœืื•ืจืš ื ื—ืœ
00:34
Imagine my fear, pure fear,
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ืชื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ืคื—ื“ ืฉืœื™,ืคื—ื“ ื˜ื”ื•ืจ,
00:38
when, at the age of 10,
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ื‘ืจื’ืข, ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ 10
00:40
I was told I was going to lose my hearing.
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ืืžืจื• ืœื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ืช ืœืื‘ื“ ืืช ื”ืฉืžื™ืขื”.
00:45
And over the next five years,
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ื•ืœืื—ืจ ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื
00:47
it progressed until I was classified as profoundly deaf.
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืชืงื“ื ืขื“ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืชื•ื™ื’ืช ื›ื—ืจืฉืช.
00:54
But I believe that losing my hearing
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ื ื” ืฉืื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืฉืžื™ืขื”
00:57
was one of the greatest gifts I've ever received.
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ื”ื™ื” ืื—ืช ืžื”ืžืชื ื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื.
01:02
You see, I get to experience the world in a unique way.
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ืืชื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ื•ื” ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช.
01:06
And I believe that these unique experiences
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ื ื” ืฉื—ื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ืืœื”
01:10
that people with disabilities have
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ืืฉืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ื•ื™ื
01:13
is what's going to help us make and design a better world
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ื”ื ืžื” ืฉื™ืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื ื• ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื•ืœืขืฆื‘ ืขื•ืœื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ
01:18
for everyone -- both for people with and without disabilities.
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ืœื›ื•ืœื, ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืื• ืœืœื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช.
01:25
I used to be a disability rights lawyer,
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืขื•"ื“ ืฉืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช,
01:27
and I spent a lot of my time focused on enforcing the law,
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ื•ื”ืฉืงืขืชื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ื”ืชืžืงื“ื•ืช ืขืœ ืื›ื™ืคืช ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื,
01:31
ensuring that accommodations were made.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื”ืชืืžื•ืช ื ืขืฉื•.
01:33
And then I had to quickly learn international policy,
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ืื—ืจ ื›ืš, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืœืื•ืžื™ืช
01:38
because I was asked to work on the UN Convention
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ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ืžืžื ื™ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ื•ืขื™ื“ืช ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“ื•ืช
01:42
that protects people with disabilities.
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ืฉืžื’ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช.
01:45
As the leader of the NGO there,
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ื›ืžื ื”ื™ื’ืช ื”-NGO ืฉื,
01:48
I spent most of my energy trying to convince people
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ืื ื™ ืžืฉืงื™ืขื” ืืช ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืฉืœื™ ื‘ืœืฉื›ื ืข ืื ืฉื™ื
01:53
about the capabilities of people with disabilities.
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ืขืœ ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช.
01:57
But somewhere along the way,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืคืฉื”ื• ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ื“ืจืš,
02:00
and after many career transitions
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ื•ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืขื‘ืจื™ ืงืจื™ื™ืจื”
02:03
that my parents weren't so happy about --
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ืืฉืจ ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืฉืžื—ื™ื ืžื”ื
02:05
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
02:06
I stumbled upon a solution
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ืžืฆืืชื™ ืคืชืจื•ืŸ
02:09
that I believe may be an even more powerful tool
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ืฉืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ื ื” ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœื™ ื—ื–ืง ืืฃ ื™ื•ืชืจ
02:15
to solve some of the world's greatest problems,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคืชื•ืจ ื›ืžื” ืžื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื,
02:18
disability or not.
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ื ื›ื•ืช ืื• ืœื.
02:22
And that tool is called design thinking.
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ื›ืœื™ ื–ื” ื ืงืจื ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ื™ืช.
02:27
Design thinking is a process for innovation and problem solving.
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ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉืœ ื—ื“ืฉื ื•ืช ื•ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช.
02:33
There are five steps.
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ื™ืฉ ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืฆืขื“ื™ื.
02:35
The first is defining the problem
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ืฆืขื“ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืื™ืชื•ืจ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื”
02:38
and understanding its constraints.
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ื•ื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ืื™ืœื•ืฆื™ื ืฉืœื”.
02:41
The second is observing people in real-life situations
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ื”ืฉื ื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ื‘ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื
02:46
and empathizing with them.
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ื•ืœื—ื•ืฉ ืืžืคืชื™ื” ืืœื™ื”ื.
02:48
Third, throwing out hundreds of ideas -- the more the better,
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ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช, ืœื–ืจื•ืง ืžืื•ืช ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช -- ื•ื›ืžื” ืฉื™ื•ืชืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘,
02:52
the wilder the better.
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ื”ื›ื™ ืคืจื•ืขื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘.
02:55
Fourth, prototyping: gathering whatever you can,
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ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ืช, ืื‘ื•ืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืก: ืื™ืกื•ืฃ ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื,
02:59
whatever you can find,
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ืžื” ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ื,
03:01
to mimic your solution, to test it
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ืžื•ืช ืืช ื”ืคื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœื›ื, ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืื•ืชื•
03:03
and to refine it.
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ื•ืœืขื“ืŸ ืื•ืชื•.
03:05
And finally, implementation:
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ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ื™ื™ืฉื•ื:
03:08
ensuring that the solution you came up with is sustainable.
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ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืขืœื™ืชื ื‘ืจ ืงื™ื™ืžื.
03:15
Warren Berger says that design thinking teaches us to look sideways,
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ื•ื•ืจืŸ ื‘ืจื’ืจ ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ื™ืช ืžืœืžื“ืช ืื•ืชื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ื˜ ืœืฆื“ื“ื™ื,
03:21
to reframe, to refine, to experiment
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ืœืžืกื’ืจ ืžื—ื“ืฉ, ืœืขื“ืŸ, ืœื ืกื•ืช
03:25
and, probably most importantly,
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ื•ื›ื ืจืื” ื”ื›ื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘,
03:27
ask those stupid questions.
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ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืืช ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืฉื•ืช ื”ืืœื•.
03:31
Design thinkers believe that everyone is creative.
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ื”ื•ื’ื™ ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื™ื.
03:36
They believe in bringing people from multiple disciplines together,
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ื”ื ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืžืกืคืจ ื“ื™ืกื™ืคืœื™ื ื•ืช ื™ื—ื“,
03:41
because they want to share multiple perspectives
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื—ืœื•ืง ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืžื‘ื˜ ืžืจื•ื‘ื•ืช
03:44
and bring them together and ultimately merge them
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ื•ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืื•ืชืŸ ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืื•ืชืŸ
03:47
to form something new.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืฉื”ื• ื—ื“ืฉ.
03:51
Design thinking is such a successful and versatile tool
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ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื›ืœื™ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืžื•ืฆืœื— ื•ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ
03:55
that it has been applied in almost every industry.
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ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื™ื•ืฉืžืช ื›ืžืขื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ ืชืขืฉื™ื”.
04:00
I saw the potential that it had for the issues I faced,
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ืจืื™ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื” ืœื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉืขืžื“ื• ืœืคื ื™,
04:04
so I decided to go back to school
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ืื– ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ
04:08
and get my master's in social design.
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ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืืจ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœื™ ื‘ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™.
04:11
This looks at how to use design to create positive change in the world.
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ื–ื” ืžื‘ื™ื˜ ื‘ืื™ืš ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
04:18
While I was there,
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ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฉื,
04:19
I fell in love with woodworking.
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ื”ืชืื”ื‘ืชื™ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ืขืฅ.
04:22
But what I quickly realized
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ื‘ืžื”ืจื”
04:24
was that I was missing out on something.
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ื”ื™ื” ืฉื”ื—ืžืฆืชื™ ืžืฉื”ื•.
04:28
As you're working with a tool,
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ื›ืฉืืชื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืขื ื›ืœื™,
04:31
right before it's about to kick back at you --
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ืžืžืฉ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื•ืžื“ ืœื”ื›ื•ืช ื‘ื›ื ื—ื–ืจื” --
04:33
which means the piece or the tool jumps back at you --
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ืžื” ืฉืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืคื™ืกื” ืื• ื”ื›ืœื™ ืงื•ืคืฅ ื—ื–ืจื” ืืœื™ื›ื --
04:36
it makes a sound.
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ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืฉื” ืฆืœื™ืœ.
04:38
And I couldn't hear this sound.
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ื•ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืืช ื”ืฆืœื™ืœ ื”ื–ื”.
04:41
So I decided,
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ืื– ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™,
04:43
why not try and solve it?
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ืœืžื” ืœื ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœืคืชื•ืจ ืืช ื–ื”?
04:46
My solution was a pair of safety glasses
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ื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื” ื–ื•ื’ ืžืฉืงืคื™ ื”ื’ื ื”
04:49
that were engineered to visually alert the user
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ืฉื”ื•ื ื“ืกื• ืœื”ืชืจื™ืข ื•ื™ื–ื•ืืœื™ืช ืœืžืฉืชืžืฉ
04:53
to pitch changes in the tool,
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ืขืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฆืœื™ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืœื™,
04:56
before the human ear could pick it up.
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ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืื•ื–ืŸ ื”ืื“ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืงืœื•ื˜ ืื•ืชื•.
05:00
Why hadn't tool designers thought of this before?
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ืœืžื” ืžืขืฆื‘ื™ ื›ืœื™ื ืœื ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื–ื” ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ?
05:04
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
05:06
Two reasons: one, I was a beginner.
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ืžืฉืชื™ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช: ืื—ืช, ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืชื—ื™ืœื”.
05:10
I wasn't weighed down by expertise or conventional wisdom.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ ืืช ืžืฉืงืœ ื”ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื“ืข ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ.
05:16
The second is: I was Deaf.
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ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ื”ื™ื: ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื—ืจืฉืช.
05:20
My unique experience of the world helped inform my solution.
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ื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืขื–ืจื” ืœื™ื“ืข ืืช ื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™.
05:25
And as I went on, I kept running into more and more solutions
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ื•ื›ืฉื”ืžืฉื›ืชื™, ื ืชืงืœืชื™ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช
05:29
that were originally made for people with disabilities,
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ืฉื ื•ืฆืจื• ื‘ืžืงื•ืจ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช,
05:33
and that ended up being picked up,
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ื•ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืื™ืžืฆื• ืืช ื–ื”,
05:36
embraced and loved by the mainstream,
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ื—ื™ื‘ืงื• ื•ืื”ื‘ื• ืื•ืชื ื‘ื–ืจื ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™,
05:39
disability or not.
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ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืื• ืœื.
05:41
This is an OXO potato peeler.
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ื–ื” ืงื•ืœืคืŸ ืชืคื•ื—ื™ ื”ืื“ืžื” OXO.
05:43
It was originally designed for people with arthritis,
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ื”ื•ื ืชื•ื›ื ืŸ ื‘ืžืงื•ืจ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืฉื™ื’ืจื•ืŸ,
05:47
but it was so comfortable, everybody loved it.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื ื•ื—, ืฉื›ื•ืœื ืื”ื‘ื• ืื•ืชื•.
05:51
Text messaging: that was originally designed for people who are Deaf.
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ืฉืœื™ื—ืช ืžืกืจื™ื ื˜ืงืกื˜ื•ืืœื™ื: ื”ื ืขื•ืฆื‘ื• ื‘ืžืงื•ืจ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื—ืจืฉื™ื.
05:56
And as you know, everybody loves that, too.
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ื›ืžื• ืฉืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื›ื•ืœื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื’ื ืืช ื–ื”.
05:59
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
06:01
I started thinking:
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ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘:
06:03
What if we changed our mindset?
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ืžื” ืื ื ืฉื ื” ืืช ืฆื•ืจืช ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœื ื•?
06:07
What if we started designing for disability first --
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ืžื” ืื ื ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืขืฆื‘ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืงื•ื“ื --
06:12
not the norm?
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ืœื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื ื•ืจืžื”?
06:14
As you see, when we design for disability first,
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ื›ืžื• ืฉืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื, ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืขืฆื‘ื™ื ืœืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืงื•ื“ื,
06:18
we often stumble upon solutions that are not only inclusive,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคืขืžื™ื ื ืชืงืœื™ื ื‘ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื ืจืง ืžื›ืœื™ืœื™ื,
06:24
but also are often better than when we design for the norm.
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ืืœื ื’ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคืขืžื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืขืฆื‘ื™ื ืœื ื•ืจืžื”.
06:30
And this excites me,
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ื•ื–ื” ืžืจื’ืฉ ืื•ืชื™,
06:31
because this means that the energy it takes to accommodate someone
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืืช ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืฉื ื“ืจืฉืช ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืœืžื™ืฉื”ื•
06:38
with a disability
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ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช
06:39
can be leveraged, molded and played with
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ืืคืฉืจ ืœื ืฆืœ, ืœืžืฆืง ื•ืœืฉื—ืง ืื™ืชื”
06:44
as a force for creativity and innovation.
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ื›ื›ื•ื— ืœื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืžืฆืืชื™ื•ืช.
06:49
This moves us from the mindset of trying to change the hearts
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ื–ื” ืžืขื‘ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื ื• ืžืฆื•ืจืช ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ืœื‘ื‘ื•ืช
06:55
and the deficiency mindset of tolerance,
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ื•ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ื—ืกืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืกื•ื‘ืœื ื•ืช,
06:58
to becoming an alchemist,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœืืœื›ืžื™ืกื˜ื™ื,
07:01
the type of magician that this world so desperately needs
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ื”ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืงื•ืกื ืฉื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืฆืจื™ืš
07:05
to solve some of its greatest problems.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคืชื•ืจ ื›ืžื” ืžื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœื•.
07:08
Now, I also believe
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืื ื™ ื’ื ืžืืžื™ื ื”
07:10
that people with disabilities have great potential to be designers
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ืฉืœืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ืฉ ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ืื“ื™ืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืขืฆื‘ื™ื
07:15
within this design-thinking process.
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ื‘ืชื•ืš ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ื™ืช.
07:18
Without knowing it, from a very early age,
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ื‘ืœื™ ืœื“ืขืช ืืช ื–ื”, ืžื’ื™ืœ ืžืื•ื“ ืžื•ืงื“ื,
07:21
I've been a design thinker, fine-tuning my skills.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื”ื•ื’ื” ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ืช, ืขื™ื“ื ืชื™ ืืช ื”ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™.
07:25
Design thinkers are, by nature, problem solvers.
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ื”ื•ื’ื™ ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื”ื, ืžื˜ื‘ืขื, ืคื•ืชืจื™ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช.
07:31
So imagine listening to a conversation
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ืื– ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืœื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ ืœืฉื™ื—ื”
07:35
and only understanding 50 percent of what is said.
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ื•ืจืง ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ 50 ืื—ื•ื– ืžืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ.
07:41
You can't ask them to repeat every single word.
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ืืชื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืžื”ื ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžื™ืœื”.
07:44
They would just get frustrated with you.
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ื”ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžืชื•ืกื›ืœื™ื ืžื›ื.
07:47
So without even realizing it,
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ืื– ื‘ืœื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื–ื”,
07:50
my solution was to take the muffled sound I heard,
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ื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื” ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ืงื•ืœ ื”ืขืžื•ื ืฉืฉืžืขืชื™,
07:55
that was the beat,
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืงืฆื‘,
07:56
and turn it into a rhythm and place it with the lips I read.
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ื•ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืื•ืชื• ืœืžืงืฆื‘ ื•ืœืžืงื ืื•ืชื• ืขืœ ื”ืฉืคืชื™ื™ื ืฉืื ื™ ืงื•ืจืืช.
08:01
Years later, someone commented that my writing had a rhythm to it.
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ืฉื ื™ื ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื”ืขื™ืจ ืฉื’ื ืœื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœื™ ื™ืฉ ืงืฆื‘.
08:08
Well, this is because I experience conversations as rhythms.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื–ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืื ื™ ื—ื•ื•ื” ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ื›ืžืงืฆื‘ื™ื.
08:14
I also became really, really good at failing.
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ืื ื™ ื’ื ื”ืคื›ืชื™ ืžืื•ื“ ืžืื•ื“ ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืœื”ื›ืฉืœ.
08:19
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
08:20
Quite literally.
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ืžืžืฉ ืžื™ืœื•ืœื™ืช.
08:22
My first semester in Spanish, I got a D.
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ื‘ืกื™ืžืกื˜ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™ ื‘ืกืคืจื“ื™ืช ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ 60.
08:26
But what I learned was that when I picked myself up
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉืœืžื“ืชื™ ื”ื™ื” ืฉื›ืฉืืกืคืชื™ ืืช ืขืฆืžื™
08:30
and changed a few things around,
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ื•ืฉื™ื ื™ืชื™ ื›ืžื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘,
08:32
eventually, I succeeded.
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ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ื”ืฆืœื—ืชื™.
08:37
Similarly, design thinking encourages people to fail
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ื‘ื“ื•ืžื”, ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ื™ืช ืžืขื•ื“ื“ืช ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื”ื›ืฉืœ
08:41
and fail often,
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ื•ืœื”ื›ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ื”,
08:43
because eventually, you will succeed.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ืืชื ืชืฆืœื™ื—ื•.
08:47
Very few great innovations in this world
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ืžืขื˜ ืžืื•ื“ ื”ืžืฆืื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื
08:51
have come from someone succeeding on the first try.
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ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืžืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉืžืฆืœื™ื— ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”.
08:56
I also experienced this lesson in sports.
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ืื ื™ ื’ื ื—ื•ื•ื™ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืกืคื•ืจื˜.
09:01
I'll never forget my coach saying to my mom,
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ืื ื™ ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืืฉื›ื— ืืช ื”ืžืืžืŸ ืฉืœื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืœืื™ืžื™,
09:05
"If she just didn't have her hearing loss,
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"ืื ืจืง ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื ืืช ืื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืฉืžื™ืขื”,
09:08
she would be on the national team."
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ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช."
09:12
But what my coach, and what I didn't even know at the time,
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ืžืืžืŸ ืฉืœื™, ื•ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื–ืžืŸ,
09:17
was that my hearing loss actually helped me excel at sports.
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ื”ื™ื” ืฉืื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืฉืžื™ืขื” ืฉืœื™ ืœืžืขืฉื” ืขื–ืจ ืœื™ ืœื”ืฆื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืกืคื•ืจื˜.
09:22
You see, when you lose your hearing, not only do you adapt your behavior,
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ืืชื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื, ื›ืฉืืชื ืžืื‘ื“ื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉืžื™ืขื”, ืœื ืจืง ืฉืืชื ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื,
09:28
but you also adapt your physical senses.
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ืืœื ืืชื ื’ื ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืฉื™ื ื”ืคื™ื–ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื›ื.
09:32
One example of this
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ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืื—ืช ืœื–ื”
09:34
is that my visual attention span increased.
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ื”ื™ื ืฉืชืฉื•ืžืช ื”ืœื‘ ื”ื•ื™ื–ื•ืืœื™ืช ืฉืœื™ ื’ื‘ืจื”.
09:39
Imagine a soccer player, coming down the left flank.
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ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื—ืงื ื™ืช ื›ื“ื•ืจ ืจื’ืœ, ืฉืžื’ื™ืขื” ืžืฆื“ ืฉืžืืœ.
09:44
Imagine being goalkeeper, like I was,
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ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืืชื ืฉื•ืขืจื™ื, ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™,
09:46
and the ball is coming down the left flank.
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ื•ื”ื›ื“ื•ืจ ืžื’ื™ืข ืžืฆื“ ืฉืžืืœ.
09:49
A person with normal hearing would have the visual perspective of this.
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ืœืื“ื ืขื ืฉืžื™ืขื” ืจื’ื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืคืจืกืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื”ื•ื•ื™ื–ื•ืืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื–ื”.
09:54
I had the benefit of a spectrum this wide.
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ืœื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืชื•ืขืœืช ืฉืœ ืกืคืงื˜ืจื•ื ื‘ืจื•ื—ื‘ ื›ื–ื”.
09:58
So I picked up the players over here,
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ืื– ืขืงื‘ืชื™ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืฉื—ืงื ื™ื ืฉื,
10:01
that were moving about and coming down the field.
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ืฉื ืขื• ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื•ื™ืจื“ื• ื‘ืžื’ืจืฉ.
10:03
And I picked them up quicker, so that if the ball was passed,
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ื•ืจืื™ืชื™ ืื•ืชื ืžื”ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื›ืš ืฉืื ื”ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ืขื‘ืจ,
10:07
I could reposition myself and be ready for that shot.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืžืงื ืืช ืขืฆืžื™ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ื ื” ืœื‘ืขื™ื˜ื” ื”ื–ื•.
10:12
So as you can see,
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ืื– ื›ืžื• ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช,
10:14
I've been a design thinker for nearly all my life.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื”ื•ื’ื” ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ื™ืช ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืœ ื—ื™ื™.
10:18
My observation skills have been honed so that I pick up on things
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ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ ื”ืื‘ื—ื ื” ืฉืœื™ ื”ื•ืฉื—ื–ื• ื›ืš ืฉืื ื™ ืžื–ื”ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื
10:23
that others would never pick up on.
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ืฉืื—ืจื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžื–ื”ื™ื.
10:27
My constant need to adapt has made me a great ideator
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ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืžืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืœื™ ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืขืฉื” ืื•ืชื™ ืœื™ืฆืจื ื™ืช ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืžืขื•ืœื”
10:31
and problem solver.
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ื•ืคื•ืชืจืช ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช.
10:33
And I've often had to do this within limitations and constraints.
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ื•ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคืขืžื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ืื™ืœื•ืฆื™ื.
10:38
This is something that designers also have to deal with frequently.
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ื–ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืžืขืฆื‘ื™ื ื’ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืื™ืชื• ื”ืจื‘ื”.
10:44
My work most recently took me to Haiti.
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ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ ืœืงื—ื” ืื•ืชื™ ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืœื”ืื™ื˜ื™.
10:48
Design thinkers often seek out extreme situations,
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ื”ื•ื’ื™ ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคืขืžื™ื ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื,
10:52
because that often informs some of their best designs.
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื–ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคืขืžื™ื ืžื™ื™ื“ืข ื›ืžื” ืžื”ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื.
10:56
And Haiti -- it was like a perfect storm.
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ื•ื”ืื™ื˜ื™ -- ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื›ืžื• ื”ืกื•ืคื” ื”ืžื•ืฉืœืžืช.
11:00
I lived and worked with 300 Deaf individuals
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ื—ื™ื™ืชื™ ื•ืขื‘ื“ืชื™ ืขื 300 ืื ืฉื™ื ื—ืจืฉื™ื
11:05
that were relocated after the 2010 earthquake.
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ืฉื”ื•ืขืชืงื• ืื—ืจื™ ืจืขื™ื“ืช ื”ืื“ืžื” ืฉืœ 2010.
11:09
But five and a half years later,
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ืื‘ืœ ื—ืžืฉ ื•ื—ืฆื™ ืฉื ื™ื ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ,
11:13
there still was no electricity;
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ื”ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื• ื‘ืœื™ ื—ืฉืžืœ;
11:15
there still was no safe drinking water;
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ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžื™ื ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ืœืฉืชื™ื”;
11:18
there were still no job opportunities;
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ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”;
11:21
there was still rampant crime, and it went unpunished.
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ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืคืฉืข ื”ืฉืชื•ืœืœ ืœืœื ืขื ื™ืฉื”.
11:25
International aid organizations came one by one.
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ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืื—ื“ ืื—ื“.
11:29
But they came
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื‘ืื•
11:30
with pre-determined solutions.
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ืขื ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืžืจืืฉ.
11:33
They didn't come ready to observe and to adapt
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ื”ื ืœื ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื˜ ื•ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื
11:38
based on the community's needs.
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ื‘ื”ืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื”.
11:42
One organization gave them goats and chickens.
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ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืื—ื“ ื ืชืŸ ืœื”ื ืขื™ื–ื™ื ื•ืชืจื ื’ื•ืœื•ืช.
11:47
But they didn't realize
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•
11:48
that there was so much hunger in that community,
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ืฉื”ื™ื” ืจืขื‘ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”,
11:52
that when the Deaf went to sleep at night and couldn't hear,
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ืฉื›ืฉื”ื—ืจืฉื™ื ื”ืœื›ื• ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื•ืœื ื™ื›ืœื• ืœืฉืžื•ืข,
11:56
people broke into their yards and their homes
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืคืจืฆื• ืœื—ืฆืจ ืฉืœื”ื ื•ืœื‘ืชื™ื”ื
11:59
and stole these chickens and goats,
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ื•ื’ื ื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืชืจื ื’ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ืขื™ื–ื™ื,
12:02
and eventually they were all gone.
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ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื›ื•ืœืŸ ื ืขืœืžื•.
12:06
Now, if that organization had taken the time
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืื ื”ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืœื•ืงื— ืืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ
12:11
to observe Deaf people, to observe the community,
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ืœื”ื‘ื™ื˜ ื‘ืื ืฉื™ื ื—ืจืฉื™ื, ืœื”ื‘ื™ื˜ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉืœื”ื,
12:17
they would have realized their problem
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ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื
12:19
and perhaps they would have come up with a solution,
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ื•ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืคื™ืชืจื•ืŸ,
12:23
something like a solar light,
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ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ืžื• ืื•ืจ ืกื•ืœืจื™,
12:26
lighting up a secure pen to put them in at night
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ืฉืžืื™ืจ ืžื›ืœืื” ืžืื•ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืื›ืกืŸ ืื•ืชื ื‘ืœื™ืœื”
12:31
to ensure their safety.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื”ื.
12:34
You don't have to be a design thinker
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ืืชื ืœื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ื’ื™ ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘
12:38
to insert the ideas I've shared with you today.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื—ืœืงืชื™ ืื™ืชื›ื ื”ื™ื•ื.
12:43
You are creative.
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ืืชื ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื™ื.
12:46
You are a designer --
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ืืชื ืžืขืฆื‘ื™ื --
12:49
everyone is.
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ื›ื•ืœื ื›ืš.
12:52
Let people like me help you.
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ืชื ื• ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื›ืžื•ื ื™ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื›ื.
12:56
Let people with disabilities help you look sideways,
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ืชื ื• ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื›ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื˜ ืœืฆื“ื“ื™ื,
13:00
and in the process,
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ื•ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื–ื”,
13:02
solve some of the greatest problems.
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ืœืคืชื•ืจ ื›ืžื” ืžื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช.
13:05
That's it. Thank you.
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ื–ื”ื• ื–ื”. ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
13:06
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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