Patrick Awuah: Educating a new generation of African leaders

87,288 views ใƒป 2007-08-08

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Yael BST ืžื‘ืงืจ: Sigal Tifferet
00:26
Like many of you here, I am trying to contribute
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ื›ืžื• ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื›ื ื›ืืŸ, ืื ื™ ืžื ืกื” ืœืชืจื•ื
00:31
towards a renaissance in Africa.
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ืœืžืขืŸ "ืจื ืกื ืก" (ืœื™ื“ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ) ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”.
00:34
The question of transformation in Africa
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ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”
00:36
really is a question of leadership.
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ื”ื™ื ืœืืžื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืืœื” ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช.
00:38
Africa can only be transformed by enlightened leaders.
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ืืคืจื™ืงื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืฉืชื ื•ืช ืจืง ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ื ืื•ืจื™ื.
00:43
And it is my contention that the manner in which
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ื•ืื ื™ ื˜ื•ืขืŸ ืฉื”ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ื•
00:45
we educate our leaders is fundamental
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื—ื ื›ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื•ื ื”ื‘ืกื™ืก
00:49
to progress on this continent.
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ืœืงื“ืžื” ื‘ื™ื‘ืฉืช ื”ื–ื•.
00:53
I want to tell you some stories that explain my view.
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืกืคืจ ืœื›ื ื›ืžื” ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉืžืกื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื’ื™ืฉืชื™.
00:58
We all heard about the importance of stories yesterday.
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ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืฉืžืขื ื• ืขืœ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืืชืžื•ืœ.
01:02
An American friend of mine this year volunteered as a nurse in Ghana,
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ื™ื“ื™ื“ื” ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช ืฉืœื™, ื”ืฉื ื”, ื”ืชื ื“ื‘ื” ื›ืื—ื•ืช ื‘ื’ืื ื”.
01:07
and in a period of three months she came to a conclusion
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ื•ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื, ื”ื™ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืœืžืกืงื ื”
01:10
about the state of leadership in Africa
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”
01:13
that had taken me over a decade to reach.
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ืฉืœื™ ืœืงื— ืžืขืœ ืขืฉื•ืจ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœื™ื”.
01:16
Twice she was involved in surgeries
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ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ืžืขื•ืจื‘ืช ื‘ื ื™ืชื•ื—ื™ื
01:19
where they lost power at the hospital.
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ืฉื‘ืžื”ืœื›ื ื ืคืกืง ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื.
01:24
The emergency generators did not start.
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ื’ื ืจื˜ื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ืจื•ื ืœื ืคืขืœ -
01:27
There was not a flashlight, not a lantern, not a candle --
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ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืคื ืก, ืœื ืขืžื•ื“ ืชืื•ืจื”, ืœื ื ืจ.
01:32
pitch black.
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ื—ืฉื›ื” ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช.
01:33
The patient's cut open, twice.
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ื”ื—ื•ืœื” ืฉื•ื›ื‘ ืคืชื•ื— - ืคืขืžื™ื™ื.
01:38
The first time it was a C-section.
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ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืงื™ืกืจื™.
01:42
Thankfully, baby was out -- mother and child survived.
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ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืžื–ืœ, ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืง ื™ืฆื - ื”ืื ื•ื”ื™ืœื“ ืฉืจื“ื•.
01:47
The second time was a procedure that involved local anesthesia.
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ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืœื™ืš ืฉื›ืœืœ ื”ืจื“ืžื” ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช.
01:52
Anesthetic wears off. The patient feels pain.
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ื”ืฉืคืขืช ื—ื•ืžืจ ื”ื”ืจื“ืžื” ืžืชืคื•ื’ื’ืช. ื”ื—ื•ืœื” ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื›ืื‘ื™ื.
01:55
He's crying. He's screaming. He's praying.
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ื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ื›ื”. ื”ื•ื ืฆื•ืขืง. ื”ื•ื ืžืชืคืœืœ.
02:00
Pitch black. Not a candle, not a flashlight.
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ื—ืฉื›ื” ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช. ืื™ืŸ ื ืจ, ืื™ืŸ ืคื ืก.
02:06
And that hospital could have afforded flashlights.
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ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืขืฆืžื• ืœืงื ื•ืช ืคื ืกื™ื.
02:10
They could have afforded to purchase these things, but they didn't.
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ื”ื ื™ื›ืœื• ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื•, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืขืฉื• ื–ืืช.
02:14
And it happened twice.
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ื•ื–ื” ืงืจื” ืคืขืžื™ื™ื.
02:16
Another time, she watched in horror as nurses watched a patient die
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ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืื—ืจ, ื”ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื” ื‘ืื™ืžื” ื‘ืื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืช ืžื”ืฆื“ ื‘ื—ื•ืœื” ื’ื•ืกืกืช ืœืžื•ื•ืช
02:22
because they refused to give her oxygen that they had.
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ื›ื™ ื”ืŸ ืกื™ืจื‘ื• ืœืชืช ืœื” ื—ืžืฆืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืจืฉื•ืชืŸ.
02:28
And so three months later,
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ื•ืื–, ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ,
02:30
just before she returned to the United States,
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ืžืžืฉ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื—ื–ืจื” ืœืืจื”"ื‘,
02:33
nurses in Accra go on strike.
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ื”ืื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืืงืจื” ืคืชื—ื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืชื”.
02:35
And her recommendation is
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ื•ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื” ืฉืœื” ื”ื™ื
02:38
take this opportunity to fire everyone, start all over again.
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ื ืฆืœื• ืืช ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคื˜ืจ ืืช ื›ื•ืœื, ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืžื—ื“ืฉ.
02:42
Start all over again.
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ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื”ื›ื•ืœ ืžื—ื“ืฉ.
02:44
Now what does this have to do with leadership?
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ืื™ืš ื–ื” ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช?
02:49
You see, the folks at the ministry of health,
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ืืชื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื, ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช,
02:54
the hospital administrators, the doctors, the nurses --
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ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ื”ืจื•ืคืื™ื, ื”ืื—ื™ื•ืช -
03:00
they are among just five percent of their peers
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ื”ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจืง 5 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืžืขืžื™ืชื™ื”ื
03:04
who get an education after secondary school.
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ืฉืจื›ืฉื• ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ืžืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ืชื™ื›ื•ื ื™ืช.
03:08
They are the elite. They are our leaders.
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ื”ื ื”ืืœื™ื˜ื”. ื”ื ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•.
03:12
Their decisions, their actions matter.
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ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื, ื”ืžืขืฉื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื.
03:15
And when they fail, a nation literally suffers.
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ื•ื›ืฉื”ื ื ื›ืฉืœื™ื, ืื•ืžื”, ืคืฉื•ื˜ื• ื›ืžืฉืžืขื•, ืกื•ื‘ืœืช.
03:20
So when I speak of leadership,
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ืื– ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช,
03:22
I'm not talking about just political leaders.
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ืื ื™ ืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืจืง ืขืœ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื™ื.
03:26
We've heard a lot about that.
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ืฉืžืขื ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื–ื”.
03:28
I'm talking about the elite.
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ืื ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืืœื™ื˜ื”.
03:32
Those who've been trained,
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ืืœื• ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ื”ื›ืฉืจื”.
03:34
whose job it is to be the guardians of their society.
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ืืœื• ืฉืชืคืงื™ื“ื ืœืฉืžืฉ ื›ืืคื•ื˜ืจื•ืคื•ืกื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืœื”ื.
03:39
The lawyers, the judges, the policemen, the doctors,
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ืขื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ, ื”ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื, ื”ืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื, ื”ืจื•ืคืื™ื,
03:43
the engineers, the civil servants --
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ื”ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื, ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ -
03:47
those are the leaders.
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ืืœื• ื”ื ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื.
03:49
And we need to train them right.
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ื•ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื›ืฉื™ืจ ืื•ืชื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื ื›ื•ื ื”.
03:52
Now, my first pointed and memorable experience with leadership in Ghana
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ื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจ ื•ืจืื•ื™ื” ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช ื‘ื’ืื ื”
03:58
occurred when I was 16 years old.
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ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื” ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืŸ 16.
04:00
We had just had a military coup,
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ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืขื‘ืจื ื• ื”ืคื™ื›ื” ืฆื‘ืื™ืช,
04:02
and soldiers were pervasive in our society.
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ื•ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื”ื—ืœื• ืœื—ื“ื•ืจ ืœืชื•ืš ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืœื ื•.
04:05
They were a pervasive presence.
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ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืชื ื”ืœื›ื” ื•ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื”.
04:07
And one day I go to the airport to meet my father,
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ื•ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืฉื“ื” ื”ืชืขื•ืคื” ืœืคื’ื•ืฉ ืืช ืื‘ื™,
04:10
and as I walk up this grassy slope from the car park
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ื•ื‘ืขื•ื“ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ื‘ืžืขืœื” ืžื“ืจื•ืŸ ื“ืฉื ืžื”ื—ื ื™ื•ืŸ
04:13
to the terminal building,
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ืœืขื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ืจืžื™ื ืœ
04:16
I'm stopped by two soldiers wielding AK-47 assault weapons.
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ืขื•ืฆืจื™ื ืื•ืชื™ ืฉื ื™ ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืฉืื•ื—ื–ื™ื ื‘ืจื•ื‘ื” ืกืขืจ ืžืกื•ื’ AK-47.
04:21
And they asked me to join a crowd of people
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ื•ื”ื ื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ืžืžื ื™ ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœื”ืžื•ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื
04:25
that were running up and down this embankment.
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ืฉื”ื™ื• ืจืฆื™ื ื‘ืžืขืœื” ื•ื‘ืžื•ืจื“ ื”ืกื•ืœืœื”.
04:29
Why? Because the path I had taken was considered out of bounds.
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ืœืžื”? ื›ื™ ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืชื—ื•ื.
04:35
No sign to this effect.
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ืฉื•ื ืฉืœื˜ ืขืœ ื›ืš.
04:38
Now, I was 16. I was very worried about
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืŸ 16. ืžืื•ื“ ื”ื˜ืจื™ื“ ืื•ืชื™
04:42
what my peers at school might think
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ืžื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื™ื—ืฉื‘ื•
04:44
if they saw me running up and down this hill.
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ืื ื”ื ื™ืจืื• ืื•ืชื™ ืจืฅ ืœืžืขืœื” ื•ืœืžื˜ื” ื‘ื’ื‘ืขื” ื”ื–ื•.
04:46
I was especially concerned of what the girls might think.
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ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื”ื˜ืจื™ื“ ืื•ืชื™ ืžื” ื”ื‘ื ื•ืช ื™ื—ืฉื‘ื•.
04:51
And so I started to argue with these men.
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ืื– ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื”ืชื•ื•ื›ื— ืขื ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื•.
04:53
It was a little reckless, but you know, I was 16.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืงืฆืช ืคื–ื™ื– ืžืฆื™ื“ื™, ืื‘ืœ, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืŸ 16.
04:55
I got lucky.
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ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืžื–ืœ.
04:57
A Ghana Airways pilot falls into the same predicament.
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ื˜ื™ื™ืก ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืชืขื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ื’ืื ื” ื ืงืœืข ืœืื•ืชื” ื”ืฆืจื”.
05:01
Because of his uniform they speak to him differently,
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ืฉืœื• ื”ื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื™ื• ืื—ืจืช.
05:03
and they explain to him that they're just following orders.
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ื•ื”ื ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืœื• ืฉื”ื ืจืง ืžืžืœืื™ื ืคืงื•ื“ื•ืช.
05:06
So he takes their radio, talks to their boss,
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ืื– ื”ื•ื ืœื•ืงื— ืืช ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ ื”ืจื“ื™ื• ืฉืœื”ื, ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขื ื”ื‘ื•ืกื™ื ืฉืœื”ื,
05:09
and gets us all released.
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ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ืœืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื›ื•ืœื ื•.
05:11
What lessons would you take from an experience like this?
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ืื™ื–ื” ืœืงื— ืืคืฉืจ ืœืงื—ืช ืžื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ื›ื–ื•?
05:14
Several, for me.
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ื›ืžื” ืœืงื—ื™ื, ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืชื™.
05:16
Leadership matters. Those men are following
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ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื”. ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื• ืžืžืœืื™ื
05:19
the orders of a superior officer.
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ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืงืฆื™ื ื™ื ื”ืžืžื•ื ื™ื.
05:23
I learned something about courage.
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ืœืžื“ืชื™ ืžืฉื”ื• ืขืœ ืื•ืžืฅ.
05:25
It was important not to look at those guns.
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ื”ื™ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ืืœื•.
05:29
And I also learned that it can be helpful to think about girls.
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ื•ื’ื ืœืžื“ืชื™ ืฉื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื‘ื ื•ืช.
05:33
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
05:35
So a few years after this event, I leave Ghana on a scholarship
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ืื– ื›ืžื” ืฉื ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืชืงืจื™ืช ื”ื–ื•, ืื ื™ ืขื•ื–ื‘ ืืช ื’ืื ื” ื‘ืžืœื’ื”
05:41
to go to Swarthmore College for my education.
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ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ืกื•ื•ืจืช'ืžื•ืจ ืงื•ืœื’' ืœื”ืฉื›ืœืชื™.
05:44
It was a breath of fresh air.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉื‘ ืจื•ื— ืจืขื ืŸ.
05:47
You know, the faculty there didn't want us to memorize information
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืกื’ืœ ื”ืคืงื•ืœื˜ื” ืฉื ืœื ืจืฆื” ืฉื ืฉื ืŸ ืžื™ื“ืข
05:52
and repeat back to them as I was used to back in Ghana.
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ื•ื ื“ืงืœื ืœื”ื ืื•ืชื•, ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืจื’ื™ืœ ื‘ื’ืื ื”.
05:56
They wanted us to think critically.
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ื”ื ืจืฆื• ืฉื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืชื™ืช,
05:58
They wanted us to be analytical.
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ื”ื ืจืฆื• ืฉื ื”ื™ื” ืื ืœื™ื˜ื™ื™ื.
06:00
They wanted us to be concerned about social issues.
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ื”ื ืจืฆื• ืฉื ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื˜ืจื“ื™ื ืžื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช.
06:04
In my economics classes I got high marks
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ื‘ืงื•ืจืกื™ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืฉืœื™ ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื
06:07
for my understanding of basic economics.
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ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืืช ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื”.
06:10
But I learned something more profound than that,
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืžื“ืชื™ ืžืฉื”ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื—ื–ืง ืžื–ื”,
06:13
which is that the leaders -- the managers of Ghana's economy --
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ื•ื–ื” ืฉื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื - ื”ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื‘ื’ืื ื” -
06:20
were making breathtakingly bad decisions
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ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ื™ื ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืฉื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืคืœื™ื
06:23
that had brought our economy to the brink of collapse.
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ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืฉืœื ื• ืœืกืฃ ืงืจื™ืกื”.
06:27
And so here was this lesson again -- leadership matters.
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ื•ืฉื•ื‘ ืื•ืชื• ื”ืœืงื— - ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื”.
06:30
It matters a great deal.
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ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ืžืื•ื“.
06:33
But I didn't really fully understand what had happened to me at Swarthmore.
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ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืžื” ืฉืงืจื” ืœื™ ื‘ืกื•ื•ืจืช'ืžื•ืจ.
06:37
I had an inkling,
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ื”ืืจื”.
06:40
but I didn't fully realize it until I went out into the workplace
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ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืชืคืกืชื™ ืืช ื–ื” ืขื“ ืฉื ื›ื ืกืชื™ ืœืžืงื•ื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”,
06:44
and I went to work at Microsoft Corporation.
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ื•ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืžื™ืงืจื•ืกื•ืคื˜.
06:48
And I was part of this team -- this thinking, learning team
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ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื—ืœืง ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ื–ื” - ืฆื•ื•ืช ื—ื•ืฉื‘, ืœื•ืžื“
06:53
whose job it was to design and implement new software
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ืฉืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ื•ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืชื•ื›ื ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช
06:58
that created value in the world.
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ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืŸ ืขืจืš ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
07:01
And it was brilliant to be part of this team.
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžื“ื”ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื–ื”.
07:04
It was brilliant.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžื“ื”ื™ื.
07:06
And I realized just what had happened to me at Swarthmore,
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ื•ืชืคืกืชื™ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื” ืงืจื” ืœื™ ื‘ืกื•ื•ืจืช'ืžื•ืจ,
07:10
this transformation --
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ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื–ื” -
07:12
the ability to confront problems, complex problems,
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ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช, ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช,
07:17
and to design solutions to those problems.
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ื•ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืœื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•.
07:20
The ability to create is the most empowering thing
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ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ื™ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืขืฆื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
07:24
that can happen to an individual.
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ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืŸ-ืื“ื.
07:26
And I was part of that.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื—ืœืง ืžื–ื”.
07:29
Now, while I was at Microsoft, the annual revenues of that company
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืžื™ืงืจื•ืกื•ืคื˜, ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื”ืฉื ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”
07:34
grew larger than the GDP of the Republic of Ghana.
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ืฆืžื—ื” ืžืขืœ ืœืชื•ืฆืจ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ื”ื’ื•ืœืžื™ ืฉืœ ืจืคื•ื‘ืœื™ืงืช ื’ืื ื”.
07:39
And by the way, it's continued to.
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ื•ื”ื™ื, ื“ืจืš ืื’ื‘, ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื” ื‘ื›ืš.
07:42
The gap has widened since I left.
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ื”ืคืขืจ ื’ื“ืœ ืžืื– ืฉืขื–ื‘ืชื™.
07:46
Now, I've already spoken about one of the reasons why this has occurred.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื›ื‘ืจ ื“ื™ื‘ืจืชื™ ืขืœ ืื—ืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื’ืœืœื” ื–ื” ืงืจื”.
07:50
I mean, it's the people there who are so hardworking,
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ืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ, ืืœื• ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื ืฉื”ื ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ื—ืจื•ืฆื™ื
07:53
persistent, creative, empowered.
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ืžืชืžื™ื“ื™ื, ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื™ื, ืžื•ืขืฆืžื™ื.
07:59
But there were also some external factors:
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื• ื’ื ื›ืžื” ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื:
08:02
free markets, the rule of law, infrastructure.
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ืฉื•ืง ื—ื•ืคืฉื™, ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืง, ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช.
08:07
These things were provided by institutions
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ื”ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืกื™ืคืงื• ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื•
08:11
run by the people that I call leaders.
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ื›ืฉื”ื ืžื ื•ื”ืœื™ื ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืื ื™ ืžื›ื ื” ืื•ืชื ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื.
08:15
And those leaders did not emerge spontaneously.
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ื•ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ื”ืืœื• ืœื ืฆืฆื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืกืคื•ื ื˜ื ื™.
08:18
Somebody trained them to do the work that they do.
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ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื”ื›ืฉื™ืจ ืื•ืชื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื.
08:23
Now, while I was at Microsoft, this funny thing happened.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืžื™ืงืจื•ืกื•ืคื˜, ืงืจื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืฉื•ื ื”,
08:25
I became a parent.
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ื”ืคื›ืชื™ ืœื”ื•ืจื”.
08:27
And for the first time, Africa mattered more to me than ever before.
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ื•ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ื”ื™ื” ืื›ืคืช ืœื™ ืžืืคืจื™ืงื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื™ ืคืขื.
08:32
Because I realized that the state of the African continent
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ื›ื™ ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืฉืžืฆื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื‘ืฉืช ื”ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ืช
08:36
would matter to my children and their children.
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ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืœื™ ื•ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื.
08:40
That the state of the world -- the state of the world
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ืฉืžืฆื‘ ื”ืขื•ืœื - ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืขื•ืœื
08:46
depends on what's happening to Africa,
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ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”,
08:51
as far as my kids would be concerned.
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ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ืฉื–ื” ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืœื™.
08:53
And at this time, when I was going through
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ื•ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ื–ื• ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืขื‘ืจืชื™
08:57
what I call my "pre-mid-life crisis,"
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ืืช ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืžื›ื ื” "ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื˜ืจื•ื-ืืžืฆืข ื”ื—ื™ื™ื"
09:01
Africa was a mess.
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ืืคืจื™ืงื” ื”ื™ืชื” ืชื•ื”ื• ื•ื‘ื•ื”ื•.
09:03
Somalia had disintegrated into anarchy.
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ืกื•ืžืœื™ื” ื”ืชืคืจืงื” ืœื›ื“ื™ ืื ืจื›ื™ื”.
09:05
Rwanda was in the throes of this genocidal war.
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ืจื•ืื ื“ื” ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ืขื™ืฆื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ืžืœื—ืžื” ื•ืจืฆื— ืขื.
09:09
And it seemed to me that that was the wrong direction,
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ื•ื”ื™ื” ื ื“ืžื” ืœื™ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ,
09:11
and I needed to be back helping.
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ื•ืฉืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื ื•ืœืขื–ื•ืจ.
09:14
I couldn't just stay in Seattle and raise my kids
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ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ืกื™ืื˜ืœ ื•ืœื’ื“ืœ ืืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื™
09:18
in an upper-middle class neighborhood and feel good about it.
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ื‘ืฉื›ื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืžื“ ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™-ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื•ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขื ื–ื”.
09:22
This was not the world that I'd want my children to grow up in.
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ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืฉื™ืœื“ื™ื™ ื™ื’ื“ืœื• ื‘ื•.
09:28
So I decided to get engaged, and the first thing that I did
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ืื– ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืขื•ืจื‘, ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืขืฉื™ืชื™
09:32
was to come back to Ghana and talk with a lot of people
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ื”ื™ื” ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœื’ืื ื” ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื
09:36
and really try to understand what the real issues were.
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ื•ื‘ืืžืช ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ื”ืŸ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ื•ืช.
09:40
And three things kept coming up for every problem:
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ื•ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื—ื–ืจื• ื•ืขืœื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื‘ืขื™ื”:
09:45
corruption, weak institutions
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ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช, ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื—ืœืฉื™ื
09:48
and the people who run them -- the leaders.
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ื•ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžื ื”ืœื™ื ืื•ืชื - ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื.
09:52
Now, I was a little scared
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืงืฆืช ื—ืฉืฉืชื™
09:54
because when you see those three problems,
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ื›ื™ ื›ืฉืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•,
09:56
they seem really hard to deal with.
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ื ื“ืžื” ืฉืžืื•ื“ ืงืฉื” ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืื™ืชืŸ.
09:59
And they might say, "Look, don't even try."
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ื•ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“, ืชืจืื”, ืืœ ืชื ืกื” ืืคื™ืœื•.
10:01
But, for me, I asked the question,
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ืื‘ืœ, ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืชื™, ืฉืืœืชื™ ืืช ื”ืฉืืœื”
10:04
"Well, where are these leaders coming from?
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"ืื–, ืžืื™ืคื” ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ื”ืืœื•?
10:08
What is it about Ghana that produces leaders
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ืžื” ื™ืฉ ื‘ื’ืื ื” ืฉืžื™ื™ืฆืจ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื
10:12
that are unethical or unable to solve problems?"
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ื—ืกืจื™ ืžื•ืกืจ ืื• ื—ืกืจื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœืคืชื•ืจ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช?"
10:16
So I went to look at what was happening in our educational system.
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ืื– ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืžื” ืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืฉืœื ื•.
10:19
And it was the same -- learning by rote --
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ื•ืื•ืชื• ื“ื‘ืจ - ืœืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ืขืœ ืคื”
10:21
from primary school through graduate school.
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ืžื‘ื™ืช-ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ ื“ืจืš ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืœืชืืจื™ื ืžืชืงื“ืžื™ื.
10:25
Very little emphasis on ethics,
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ื“ื’ืฉ ืงื˜ืŸ ืžืื•ื“ ืขืœ ืืชื™ืงื”.
10:30
and the typical graduate
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ื•ืœื‘ื•ื’ืจ ืžืžื•ืฆืข, ื˜ื™ืคื•ืกื™
10:34
from a university in Ghana has a stronger sense
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ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ืฉืœ ื’ืื ื” ื™ืฉ ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ื—ื–ืงื” ื™ื•ืชืจ
10:38
of entitlement than a sense of responsibility.
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ืฉืœ "ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื™" ืžืืฉืจ ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉืœ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช.
10:42
This is wrong.
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ื–ื” ืœื ื‘ืกื“ืจ.
10:44
So I decided to engage this particular problem.
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ืื– ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ื”ื–ื•.
10:49
Because it seems to me that every society, every society,
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ื›ื™ ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ืฉื›ืœ ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื›ืœ ื—ื‘ืจื”,
10:55
must be very intentional about how it trains its leaders.
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ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ืžื•ื“ืขืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืื™ืš ื”ื™ื ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื” ืืช ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื”.
10:59
And Ghana was not paying enough attention.
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ื•ื’ืื ื” ืœื ื”ืงื“ื™ืฉื” ืžืกืคื™ืง ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื‘.
11:02
And this is true across sub-Saharan Africa, actually.
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ื•ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื›ืœ ืืคืจื™ืงื” ืฉืžื“ืจื•ื ืœืกื”ืจื”, ืœืžืขืฉื”.
11:09
So this is what I'm doing now.
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ืื– ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ืขื›ืฉื™ื•.
11:11
I'm trying to bring the experience that I had at Swarthmore to Africa.
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ืื ื™ ืžื ืกื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืจื›ืฉืชื™ ื‘ืกื•ื•ืจืช'ืžื•ืจ ืืœ ืืคืจื™ืงื”.
11:18
I wish there was a liberal arts college in every African country.
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ื”ืœื•ื•ืื™ ื•ื”ื™ืชื” ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ืœืžื“ืขื™ ื”ืจื•ื— ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ืช.
11:22
I think it would make a huge difference.
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืขื•ืฉื” ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืขืฆื•ื.
11:25
And what Ashesi University is trying to do
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ื•ืžื” ืฉืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช Ashesi ืžื ืกื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช
11:30
is to train a new generation of ethical, entrepreneurial leaders.
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ื–ื” ืœื”ื›ืฉื™ืจ ื“ื•ืจ ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ื™ื–ืžื™ื™ื ื•ืืชื™ื™ื.
11:37
We're trying to train leaders of exceptional integrity,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื ืกื™ื ืœื”ื›ืฉื™ืจ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ืขื ื™ื•ืฉืจื” ื™ื•ืฆืืช ื“ื•ืคืŸ,
11:41
who have the ability to confront the complex problems,
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ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช,
11:44
ask the right questions, and come up with workable solutions.
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ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืืช ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช, ื•ืœืžืฆื•ื ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื.
11:49
I'll admit that there are times when it seems like "Mission: Impossible,"
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ืื ื™ ืžื•ื“ื” ืฉืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื–ื” ื ืจืื” ื›ืžื• "ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™ืช."
11:56
but we must believe that these kids are smart.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืืžื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืืœื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื.
12:00
That if we involve them in their education,
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ืฉืื ื ืขืจื‘ ืื•ืชื ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืฉืœื”ื,
12:03
if we have them discuss the real issues that they confront --
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ืื ื ื’ืจื•ื ืœื”ื ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื ืฉื ื™ืฆื‘ื™ื ืžื•ืœื -
12:07
that our whole society confronts --
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ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืœื ื• ื ื™ืฆื‘ืช ืžื•ืœื -
12:10
and if we give them skills that enable them to engage the real world,
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ื•ืื ื ืขื ื™ืง ืœื”ื ืืช ื”ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจื• ืœื”ื ืœื”ืชื ื”ืœ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืืžื™ืชื™,
12:16
that magic will happen.
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ืื– ื™ืงืจื” ื”ืงืกื.
12:21
Now, a month into this project, we'd just started classes.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืœืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜, ืจืง ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืงื•ืจืกื™ื.
12:29
And a month into it, I come to the office,
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ื•ื›ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ, ืื ื™ ืžื’ื™ืข ืœืžืฉืจื“,
12:32
and I have this email from one of our students.
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ื•ืžื—ื›ื” ืœื™ ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืžืื—ื“ ื”ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•.
12:35
And it said, very simply, "I am thinking now."
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ื•ื ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ื•, ืคืฉื•ื˜, "ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•."
12:40
And he signs off, "Thank you."
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ืชื ื‘ "ืชื•ื“ื”."
12:45
It's such a simple statement.
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ื–ื• ื”ืฆื”ืจื” ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ืคืฉื•ื˜ื”.
12:48
But I was moved almost to tears
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืชืจื’ืฉืชื™ ื›ืžืขื˜ ืขื“ ื“ืžืขื•ืช
12:50
because I understood what was happening to this young man.
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ื›ื™ ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืžื” ืงื•ืจื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ื”ื–ื”.
12:55
And it is an awesome thing to be a part
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ื•ื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื“ื”ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืœืง
12:59
of empowering someone in this way.
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ืžืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืขืฆืžื” ืฉืœ ืื“ื ืื—ืจ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื›ื–ื•.
13:04
I am thinking now.
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•.
13:08
This year we challenged our students
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ื”ืฉื ื”, ืืชื’ืจื ื• ืืช ื”ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•
13:12
to craft an honor code themselves.
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ืœื ืกื— ื‘ืขืฆืžื "ืงื•ื“ ื›ื‘ื•ื“".
13:15
There's a very vibrant debate going on on campus now
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ืžืชื ื”ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืกื•ืขืจ ื‘ืงืžืคื•ืก
13:18
over whether they should have an honor code,
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ืื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ื "ืงื•ื“ ื›ื‘ื•ื“",
13:21
and if so, what it should look like.
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ื•ืื ื›ืŸ, ืื™ืš ื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืจืื•ืช.
13:24
One of the students asked a question that just warmed my heart.
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ืื—ืช ื”ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืืœื” ืฉืืœื” ืฉืคืฉื•ื˜ ื—ื™ืžืžื” ืืช ืœื™ื‘ื™.
13:28
Can we create a perfect society?
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ื”ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืžื•ืฉืœืžืช?
13:34
Her understanding that a student-crafted honor code
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ืขืฆื ื”ื”ื‘ื ื” ืฉืœื” ืฉืงื•ื“ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื ื•ืกื— ืข"ื™ ื”ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื
13:40
constitutes a reach towards perfection is incredible.
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ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืฉืœืžื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื ืคืœืื”.
13:46
Now, we cannot achieve perfection,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืฉืœืžื•ืช.
13:48
but if we reach for it, then we can achieve excellence.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื ื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœื–ื”, ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืžืฆื•ื™ื ื•ืช.
13:54
I don't know ultimately what they will do.
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ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื” ื”ื ื™ืขืฉื• ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ.
13:56
I don't know whether they will decide to have this honor code.
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ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื ื”ื ื™ื—ืœื™ื˜ื• ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืืช "ืงื•ื“ ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“" ื”ื–ื”.
14:00
But the conversation they're having now --
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉื”ื ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• -
14:02
about what their good society should look like,
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ืขืœ ืื™ืš ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ืจืื•ืช,
14:06
what their excellent society should look like,
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ืื™ืš ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืžืฆื•ื™ื ืช ืฉืœื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ืจืื•ืช -
14:09
is a really good thing.
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ื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“.
14:15
Am I out of time? OK.
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ื ื’ืžืจ ืœื™ ื”ื–ืžืŸ? ืื•.ืงื™ื™.
14:21
Now, I just wanted to leave that slide up
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืจืง ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืฉืงื•ืคื™ืช ื”ื–ื•
14:27
because it's important that we think about it.
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ื›ื™ ื–ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื–ื”.
14:30
I'm very excited about the fact
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ืื ื™ ืžืื•ื“ ื ืจื’ืฉ ืžื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื”
14:33
that every student at Ashesi University does community service before they graduate.
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ืฉื›ืœ ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช Ashesi ืขื•ืฉื” ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ ืœืคื ื™ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื.
14:39
That for many of them, it has been a life-altering experience.
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ืฉืขื‘ื•ืจ ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ื, ื–ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉืžืฉื ื” ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื.
14:44
These young future leaders are beginning to understand
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ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื-ืœืขืชื™ื“ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื• ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ
14:52
the real business of leadership,
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ืืช ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ืฉื‘ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช.
14:54
the real privilege of leadership,
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ืืช ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ืฉื‘ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช,
14:56
which is after all to serve humanity.
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ืฉื”ื™ื, ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื›ื•ืœ, ืœืฉืจืช ืืช ื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช.
15:01
I am even more thrilled by the fact that least year
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ืื ื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืจื’ืฉ ืžื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื‘ืฉื ื” ืฉืขื‘ืจื”
15:06
our student body elected a woman
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ื—ื‘ืจ ื”ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ื—ืจ ื‘ืื™ืฉื”
15:08
to be the head of Student Government.
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ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืจืืฉ ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื.
15:12
It's the first time in the history of Ghana
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ื–ื• ื”ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ื’ืื ื”
15:15
that a woman has been elected head of Student Government
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ืฉืื™ืฉื” ื ื‘ื—ืจื” ืœืจืืฉื•ืช ืžื•ืขืฆืช ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื
15:19
at any university.
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ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื›ืœืฉื”ื™.
15:22
It says a lot about her.
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ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืขืœื™ื”.
15:24
It says a lot about the culture that's forming on campus.
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ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืžืชืขืฆื‘ืช ื‘ืงืžืคื•ืก.
15:29
It says a lot about her peers who elected her.
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ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืขืœ ืขืžื™ืชื™ื” ืฉื‘ื—ืจื• ื‘ื”.
15:32
She won with 75 percent of the vote.
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ื”ื™ื ื–ื›ืชื” ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ืฉืœ 75 ืื—ื•ื– ืžื”ืงื•ืœื•ืช.
15:38
And it gives me a lot of hope.
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ื•ื–ื” ืžืคื™ื— ื‘ื™ ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืชืงื•ื•ื”.
15:41
It turns out that corporate West Africa
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ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื“ืจื•ื ืืคืจื™ืงื” ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ืช
15:44
also appreciates what's happening with our students.
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ืžืขืจื™ื›ื” ื’ื ื”ื™ื ืืช ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ืขื ื”ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•.
15:48
We've graduated two classes of students to date.
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ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื™ื•ื ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืฉื ื™ ืžื—ื–ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื.
15:52
And every single one of them has been placed.
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ื•ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืฉื•ื‘ืฅ.
15:55
And we're getting great reports back
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื™ื ื™ื
15:57
from corporate Ghana, corporate West Africa,
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ืžื’ืื ื” ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ืช, ื“ืจื•ื ืืคืจื™ืงื” ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ืช.
16:01
and the things that they're most impressed about is work ethic.
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ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื›ื™ ืžืจืฉื™ื ืื•ืชื ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืกืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
16:06
You know, that passion for what they're doing.
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื”ืชืฉื•ืงื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื.
16:10
The persistence, their ability to deal with ambiguity,
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ื”ื”ืชืžื“ื”, ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฉืœื”ื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืขืžื™ืžื•ืช,
16:14
their ability to tackle problems that they haven't seen before.
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ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฉืœื”ื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื ืชืงืœื• ื‘ื”ืŸ ื‘ืขื‘ืจ,
16:20
This is good because
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ื–ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ื›ื™, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื,
16:24
over the past five years, there have been times
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ื‘ื—ืžืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ื™ื• ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช
16:27
when I've felt this is "Mission: Impossible."
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ืฉื‘ื”ื ื—ืฉืชื™ ืฉื–ื• "ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™ืช."
16:30
And it's just wonderful to see these glimmers
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ื•ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื ืคืœื ืœืจืื•ืช, ืžืขื™ืŸ ื ื™ืฆื•ืฆื•ืช ื›ืืœื•
16:33
of the promise of what can happen if we train our kids right.
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ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื” ืฉืœ ืžื” ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงืจื•ืช ืื ื ื›ืฉื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื›ืžื• ืฉืฆืจื™ืš.
16:40
I think that the current and future leaders of Africa
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืœืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืืคืจื™ืงื”
16:44
have an incredible opportunity
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ื™ืฉ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืื“ื™ืจื”
16:47
to drive a major renaissance on the continent.
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ืœื”ื ื™ืข ืจื ืกื ืก ืื“ื™ืจ ื‘ื™ื‘ืฉืช.
16:50
It's an incredible opportunity.
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ื–ื• ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืื“ื™ืจื”.
16:52
There aren't very many more opportunities like this in the world.
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ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ื“ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื›ืืœื• ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
16:56
I believe that Africa has reached an inflection point
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ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉืืคืจื™ืงื” ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืœื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ื›ืจืขื”
17:04
with a march of democracy and free markets across the continent.
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ืขื ื”ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืœืงืจืืช ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื•ืฉื•ืง ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื‘ืฉืช.
17:08
We have reached a moment from which can emerge
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ื”ื’ืขื ื• ืœืจื’ืข ืฉืžืžื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืฆืžื•ื—
17:11
a great society within one generation.
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ื—ื‘ืจื” ื ืคืœืื” ื‘ื“ื•ืจ ืื—ื“.
17:15
It will depend on inspired leadership.
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ื–ื” ืžื•ืชื ื” ื‘ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช ื ืื•ืจื”.
17:20
And it is my contention that the manner in which we train our leaders
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ื•ืื ื™ ื˜ื•ืขืŸ ืฉื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•
17:26
will make all the difference.
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ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ืขืฉื” ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ.
17:27
Thank you, and God bless.
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ืชื•ื“ื”, ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื™ื‘ืจื›ื›ื.
17:29
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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