The economic injustice of plastic | Van Jones

Translator: Anna-Liisa Ševeljova Reviewer: TED Translators admin

Mul on au siin olla

I am honored to be here,

and I'm honored to talk about this topic,

ja mul on au rääkida sellel teemal,

which I think is of grave importance.

mis on minu arvates väga tähtis.

We've been talking a lot

Oleme palju rääkinud

about the horrific impacts of plastic on the planet and on other species,

plastiku kohutavast mõjust

planeedile ja teistele liikidele,

but plastic hurts people, too --

aga plastik teeb kahju ka inimestele,

eriti vaestele inimestele.

especially poor people.

And both in the production of plastic,

Ja nii plastiku tootmises,

plastiku kasutamises kui ka plastiku äraviskamisel

the use of plastic and the disposal of plastic,

saavad valusaima tabamuse

the people who have the bull's-eye on their foreheads

vaesed inimesed.

are poor people.

People got very upset

Inimesed said väga vihaseks,

when the BP oil spill happened,

kui toimus British Petroleumi õlileke

ja seda õigusega.

for very good reason.

Inimesed mõtlesid: " Jumal küll.

People thought, "Oh, my God.

This is terrible, this oil -- it's in the water.

See õli on kohutav, see on vees.

See hävitab

It's going to destroy the living systems there.

sealsed elusüsteemid.

Inimesed saavad viga.

People are going to be hurt.

See on kohutav,

This is a terrible thing,

this oil is going to hurt the people in the Gulf."

et õli toob kahju lahe ääres elavatele inimestele."

What people don't think about is:

Aga inimesed ei mõtle sellele,

What if the oil had made it safely to shore?

mis oleks juhtunud, kui õli oleks turvaliselt rannikule jõudnud.

What if the oil actually got where it was trying to go?

Mis siis, kui õli oleks oma õigesse sihtpunkti jõudnud?

See oleks mootorites põlenud,

Not only would it have been burned in engines and added to global warming,

andnud hoogu globaalsele soojenemisele,

but there's a place called "Cancer Alley,"

ja jõudnud kohta, mida nimetatakse "vähktõve tänavaks",

and the reason it's called "Cancer Alley"

ja seda kutsutakse "vähktõve tänavaks" seetõttu,

is because the petrochemical industry

et petrooleumitööstus

takes that oil and turns it into plastic

võtab selle õli ja muudab selle plastikuks

and in the process, kills people.

ja selle protsessi käigus tapab inimesi.

It shortens the lives of the people who live there in the Gulf.

See lühendab lahe ääres elavate inimeste eluiga.

So oil and petrochemicals are not just a problem when there's a spill;

Seega pole õli ja kemikaalid probleemsed ainult siis, kui toimub õlileke,

vaid ka siis, kui õnnetusi ei ole.

they're a problem when there's not.

And what we don't often appreciate

Ja sageli ei oska me väärtustada seda hinda,

mida maksavad vaesed inimesed selleks,

is the price that poor people pay

for us to have these disposable products.

et me saaks neid ühekordseid tooteid kasutada.

Teine asi, mida me sageli hinnata ei oska,

The other thing we often don't appreciate is,

on see, et vaesed inimesed ei kannata ainult tootmisprotsessi käigus.

it's not just at the point of production that poor people suffer.

Nad kannatavad ka

Poor people also suffer at the point of use.

tarbimise käigus.

Those of us who earn a certain income level,

Neil, kes teenivad piisaval hulgal raha,

we have something called choice.

on olemas valikuvõimalus.

The reason why you want to work hard and have a job

Põhjus, miks me tahame kõvasti tööd teha

ja mitte olla vaesed,

and not be poor and broke

on see, et saada valikuvõimalusi.

is so you can have choices, economic choices.

We actually get a chance to choose not to use products

Me saame võimaluse valida

jätta ostamata tooted,

milles on ohtlikku ja mürgist plastikut.

that have dangerous, poisonous plastic in them.

Vaestel inimeste aga pole selliseid valikuvõimalusi.

Other people who are poor don't have those choices.

So low-income people often are the ones

Niisiis on madala sissetulekuga inimesed tavaliselt need,

who are buying the products that have those dangerous chemicals in them

kes ostavad tooteid,

mis sisaldavad nende laste jaoks ohtlikke kemikaale.

that their children are using.

Nemad on inimesed,

Those are the people who wind up ingesting a disproportionate amount

kelle organism saab suure hulga

mürgist plastikut.

of this poisonous plastic in using it.

And people say, "Well, they should just buy a different product."

Ja inimesed ütlevad: "Noh, nad peaks lihtsalt teise toote ostma."

Well, the problem with being poor is you don't have those choices.

Aga vaesusega ongi see probleem, et sul ei ole selliseid valikuvõimalusi.

You often have to buy the cheapest products.

Sa pead ostma odavaimaid tooteid.

The cheapest products are often the most dangerous.

Ja odavaimad tooted on sageli kõige ohtlikumad.

And if that weren't bad enough --

Ja nagu sellest poleks veel küllalt,

if it wasn't just the production of plastic that's giving people cancer

lisaks plastiku tootmisele,

mis põhjustab vähki ja lühendab inimeste eluiga

in places like Cancer Alley,

and shortening lives and hurting poor kids at the point of use --

ja toob kahju vaestele lastele, kes seda plastikut kasutavad,

ka äraviskamisel

at the point of disposal,

on just vaesed inimesed need,

once again, it's poor people who bear the burden.

kes kannavad raskeimat koormat.

Often, we think we're doing a good thing:

Sageli arvame, et me teeme heateo.

Sa oled kontoris,

You're in your office, drinking your bottled water or whatever it is,

jood pudelivett või muud jooki

ja mõtled endamisi: "Vot, ma ei viska seda ära.

and you think to yourself, "I'm going to throw this away.

No -- I'm going to be virtuous. I'm going to put it in the blue bin."

Ei, ma olen vooruslik.

Ma panen selle pudelikonteinerisse."

You think, "I put mine in the blue bin."

Sa mõtled: "Ma panen oma pudeli pudelikonteinerisse."

And then you look at your colleague and say,

Ja siis sa vaatad oma töökaaslast ja ütled:

"Sa kretiin.

"Why, you cretin! You put yours in the white bin."

Sa paned oma pudeli tavalisse prügikasti."

And we use that as a moral tickle.

Ja see on meile nagu moraalne kõdi.

We feel so good about ourselves.

Meil on enda üle nii hea meel.

If we -- well, OK, I'm just ... me.

Võib-olla ma andestan endale.

Not you, but I feel this way often.

Mitte sina, aga mina tunnen niimoodi.

(Laughter)

And so we kind of have this moral feel-good moment.

Ja niisiis meil on selline moraalse heaolutunde hetk.

But if we were to be able to follow that little bottle

Aga kui me saaks sellele pudelile

on its journey,

tema teekonnal järgneda,

we would be shocked to discover that, all too often,

siis meid šokeeriks avastus, et väga sageli

that bottle is going to be put on a boat,

pannakse see pudel laevale.

See reisib mingi kuluga

it's going to go all the way across the ocean

üle ookeani.

at some expense,

and it's going to wind up in a developing country, often China.

Ja see jõuab lõpuks arengumaale, sageli Hiinasse.

Ma arvan, et meil on peas kujutluspilt, et keegi võtab väikese pudeli

I think in our minds, we imagine

somebody's going to take the little bottle and say,

ja ütleb: "Oh, väike pudelike.

"Oh, little bottle! We're so happy to see you, little bottle."

Meil on nii hea meel sind näha, väike pudelike."

(Laughter)

(Naer)

"You've served so well."

"Sa oled meid hästi teeninud"

(Laughter)

He's given a little bottle massage,

Talle tehakse väike pudelimassaaž,

a little bottle medal.

antakse väike pudelimedal.

And they say, "What would you like to do next?"

Ja küsitakse: "Mida sulle järgmiseks teha meeldiks?"

The little bottle says, "I just don't know ..."

Väike pudel ütleb: "Mul pole aimugi."

(Laughter)

Aga päriselt seda ei juhtu.

But that's not actually what happens.

You know?

That bottle winds up getting burned.

See pudel

põletatakse lõpuks ära.

The recycling of plastic in many developing countries

Plastmassi taaskasutus tähendab paljudes arengumaades

plastiku tuhastamist,

means the incineration of the plastic, the burning of the plastic,

plastiku põletamist,

which releases incredible toxic chemicals

millest eraldub toksilisi kemikaale,

and, once again, kills people.

mis jällegi tapab inimesi.

And so, poor people who are making these products

Ja vaesed inimesed,

kes neid tooteid valmistavad,

in petrochemical centers like Cancer Alley,

petrokeemilistes keskustes nagu "vähktõve tänaval",

poor people who are consuming these products disproportionately,

vaesed inimesed, kes tarbivaid neid tooteid ebaloomulikult palju,

ja vaesed inimesed,

and then poor people who, even at the tail end of the recycling,

kes on taaskasutuse tsükli lõpus,

are having their lives shortened.

elavad seetõttu lühemat elu

They're all being harmed -- greatly --

ja saavad palju kahju

by this addiction that we have to disposability.

selle äraviskamise sõltuvuse tõttu,

mille all me kannatame.

Now, you think to yourself -- I know how you are --

Nüüd te mõtlete endamisi - ma tean küll, millised te olete -

you say, "That sure is terrible for those poor people.

te ütlete: "See on nende vaeste inimeste jaoks

tõepoolest kohutav.

See on nende vaeste inimeste jaoks

It's just awful. Those poor people.

lihtsalt õudne.

Ma loodan, et keegi võtab nende aitamiseks midagi ette."

I hope someone does something to help them."

But what we don't understand is --

Aga mis meil kahe silma vahele jääb, on see,

mis toimub Los Angeleses.

here we are in Los Angeles.

We worked very hard to get the smog reduction

Me oleme näinud palju vaeva, et vähendada sudu

siin Los Angeleses.

happening here in Los Angeles.

But guess what?

Aga teate mis?

Because they're doing so much dirty production in Asia now,

Kuna Aasias on praegu nii palju saastavat tööstust,

kuna keskkonnahoiu seadused

because the environmental laws don't protect the people in Asia now,

ei kaitse praegu Aasia inimesi,

almost all of the clean air gains and the toxic air gains

siis peaaegu kogu see puhas õhk,

mis me reostunud õhu arvelt tagasi võitsime,

that we've achieved here in California

mida me oleme siin Californias saavutanud,

have been wiped out by dirty air coming over from Asia.

on nullitud, kuna Aasiast tuleb nii palju saastunud õhku.

So we all are being hit. We all are being impacted.

Seega mõjutab see meid kõiki.

It's just that the poor people get it first and worst.

Aga just vaesed inimesed saavad suurima löögi.

But the dirty production, the burning of toxins,

Aga saastav tööstus, mürgiste ainete põletamine,

the lack of environmental standards in Asia,

keskkonnastandardite vähesus Aasias,

is actually creating so much dirty air pollution,

toob endaga kaasa nii palju saastatud õhku,

it's coming across the ocean,

mis tuleb üle ookeani ja teeb kasutuks meie saavutused Californias.

and has erased our gains here in California.

Me oleme samas seisus nagu 1970. aastatel.

We're back where we were in the 1970s.

And so we're on one planet,

Me oleme samal planeedil

and we have to be able to get to the root of these problems.

ja me peame jõudma nende probleemide juurteni.

The root of this problem, in my view,

Minu arvates on probleemi juureks

is the idea of disposability itself.

ühekordse kasutamise idee iseenesest.

You see, if you understand the link

Kui te tabate ära selle,

kuidas on omavahel seotud

between what we're doing to poison and pollute the planet

planeedi mürgitamine ja reostamine

and what we're doing to poor people,

ja selle tagajärjed vaestele inimestele,

you arrive at a very troubling but also very helpful insight:

jõuate te väga murettekitava,

aga ühtlasi väga kasutoova arusaamiseni:

In order to trash the planet,

selleks et risustada planeeti,

you have to trash people.

on vaja risustada ka inimesi.

But if you create a world where you don't trash people,

Aga kui loote maailma, kus te ei risusta inimesi,

you can't trash the planet.

ei risusta te ka planeeti.

So now we are at a moment

Praegusel hetkel,

kui sotsiaalse õigluse ja ökoloogia idee

where the coming together of social justice as an idea

and ecology as an idea,

lähenevad üksteisele,

näeme lõpuks,

we finally can now see

that they are really, at the end of the day, one idea.

et tegelikult on see üks ja sama idee.

And it's the idea that we don't have disposable anything.

Ja see idee seisneb selles, et mitte midagi ei saa ära visata.

We don't have disposable resources.

Meil ei ole ressursse, mida saaks ära visata.

We don't have disposable species.

Meil ei ole liike, mida saaks ära visata.

Ja meil ei ole ka inimesi, keda saaks ära visata.

And we don't have disposable people, either.

We don't have a throwaway planet,

Meil ei ole äravisatavat planeeti

and we don't have throwaway children -- it's all precious.

ega äravisatavaid lapsi - kõigel on väärtus.

And as we all begin to come back to that basic understanding,

Ja kui me kõik jõuame selle lihtsa arusaamani,

new opportunities for action begin to emerge.

hakkavad esile kerkima uues võimalused tegutsemiseks.

Biomimikri,

Biomimicry,

which is an emerging science,

mis on praegu

esiletõusev teadusharu,

winds up being a very important social justice idea.

kannab endas tegelikult väga olulist ideed sotsiaalsest õiglusest.

People who are just learning about this stuff:

Nende jaoks, kes selle mõistega alles tuttavaks on saanud -

biomimikri tähendab

biomimicry means respecting the wisdom of all species.

kõikide liikide tarkuse austamist.

Muide, demokraatia

Democracy, by the way,

means respecting the wisdom of all people -- we'll get to that.

tähendab kõigi inimeste tarkuse austamist - ja me jõuame selleni.

Aga biomimikri tähendab kõigi liikide teadmiste austamist.

But biomimicry means respecting the wisdom of all species.

Tuleb välja, et me oleme päris nutikas liik.

It turns out we're a pretty clever species.

We have this big cortex, we're pretty proud of ourselves.

Meie ulatuslik ajukoor, me oleme selle üle päris uhked.

But if we want to make something hard,

Aga kui me soovime teha tugevat materjali,

we say, "I know! I'm going to make a hard substance.

mõtleme: "Ma tean, ma teen kõva materjali.

I know! I'm going to get vacuums and furnaces

Ma võtan vaakumi ja suured põletusahjud

and drag stuff out of the ground

ja kisun maapõuest asju välja

and get things hot and poison and pollute ...

ja ajan asjad kuumaks ja mürgitan ja saastan,

But I got this hard thing!"

aga lõpuks ma ju saan selle materjali tugevaks.

(Laughter)

Ma olen nii nutikas."

"I'm so clever!"

And you look behind you, and there's destruction all around you.

Ja kui sa vaatad selja taha, siis sa näed hävitustööd.

But guess what?

Aga tead mis? Sa oled nutikas,

You're so clever, but you're not as clever as a clam.

aga mitte nii nutikas nagu merekarp.

A clamshell is hard.

Merekarbi karp on tugev.

There's no vacuums. There's no big furnaces.

Seal ei ole vaakumit ega põletusahjusid,

There's no poison. There's no pollution.

seal pole mürki ega reostust.

It turns out that other species figured out a long time ago

Selgub, et teised liigid

on tükk aega tagasi aru saanud,

kuidas luua suurt hulka nendest asjadest, mida meie vajame,

how to create many of the things we need

using biological processes that nature knows how to use well.

kasutades bioloogilisi protsesse, mida loodus oskab hästi kasutada.

Tänu biomimikrile

That insight of biomimicry, of our scientists finally realizing

on meie teadlased lõpuks mõistnud,

that we have as much to learn from other species --

et meil on teistelt liikidelt palju õppida.

Ma ei pea silmas hiirtega

I don't mean taking a mouse and sticking it with stuff.

katsete tegemist.

I don't mean looking at it from that way, abusing the little species.

Ma ei mõtle seda niimoodi, väikeseid liike ära kasutades -

I mean actually respecting them, respecting what they've achieved.

ma pean silmas nende austamist ja nende saavutuste austamist.

Seda nimetataksegi biomimikriks

That's called biomimicry,

and that opens the door to zero waste production;

ja see avab ukse

jäätmevabale tootmisele,

zero pollution production;

saastevabale tootmisele -

that we could actually enjoy

et me saaks nautida

a high quality of life, a high standard of living,

kõrget elukvaliteeti

ilma planeeti reostamata.

without trashing the planet.

Well, that idea of biomimicry,

Biomimikri idee,

respecting the wisdom of all species,

kõigi liikide tarkuse austamine,

ühendatud demokraatia

combined with the idea of democracy and social justice,

ja sotsiaalse õigluse ideega,

austades kõigi inimeste tarkust ja väärtust,

respecting the wisdom and the worth of all people,

would give us a different society.

annaks meile teistsuguse ühiskonna.

We would have a different economy.

Meil oleks teistsugune majandus.

We would have a green society

Meil oleks roheline ühiskond,

that Dr. King would be proud of.

mille üle dr King uhke oleks.

See peaks olema meie siht.

That should be the goal.

And the way that we get there is to first of all recognize

Sinna jõudmiseks tuleb esiteks teadvustada,

that the idea of disposability

et ühekordse kasutamise idee

not only hurts the species we've talked about,

ei too kahju mitte ainult

nendele liikidele, kellest me rääkisime,

but it even corrupts our own society.

vaid see rikub ka meie ühiskonda.

We're so proud to live here in California.

Me oleme uhked, et elame Californias.

We just had this vote, and everybody's like,

Meil oli just hääletamine ja kõik mõtlesid:

"Well -- not in our state!"

"Ei, mitte meie osariigis.

(Laughter)

Ma ei tea, mida need teised osariigid tegid."

I don't know what those other states were doing, but ..."

(Laughter)

(naer)

Just so proud.

Nii uhked.

Jah, mina olen ka uhke.

And, yeah, I'm proud, too.

But ...

Aga California,

California, though we lead the world in some of the green stuff,

kuigi me oleme mõnede ökoloogiliste asjadega maailma esirinnas,

we also, unfortunately, lead the world

oleme me kahjuks esirinnas

in some of the gulag stuff.

ka mõnede gulagi-sarnaste asjadega.

California has one of the highest incarceration rates

Californias on üks kõrgemaid tuhastamise osakaale

kõigi 50 osariigi hulgas.

of all the 50 states.

We have a moral challenge in this movement.

Meil on praegusel hetkel moraalne väljakutse.

Me päästame suure kirega

We are passionate about rescuing some dead materials from the landfill,

materjale prügimägedest,

aga mõnikord päästame hoopis väiksema kirega

but sometimes not as passionate

about rescuing living beings, living people.

elusolendeid, inimesi.

And I would say that we live in a country --

Ja ma ütleksin, et me elame riigis,

five percent of the world's population,

viis protsenti maailma rahvastikust,

25 percent of the greenhouse gases,

25 protsenti kasvuhoonegaasidest,

but also 25 percent of the world's prisoners.

aga samuti 25 protsenti maailma vangidest.

Üks neljast vangist maailmas

One of every four people locked up anywhere in the world

on vangis siinsamas Ameerikas.

is locked up right here in the United States.

See on kooskõlas ideega,

So that is consistent with this idea

that disposability is something we believe in.

et me usume äravisatavusse.

Ja siiski,

And yet,

as a movement that has to broaden its constituency,

liikumisena

mis peab oma poolehoidjate ringi suurendama,

mis peab kasvama,

that has to grow,

that has to reach out beyond our natural comfort zone,

mis peab oma mugavustsoonist välja ulatuma,

one of the challenges to the success of this movement,

on üheks väljakutseks,

of getting rid of things like plastic and helping the economy shift,

saamaks lahti plastikust ja muutmaks majandust,

is people look at our movement with some suspicion.

saada lahti kahlustavatest pilkudest, millega inimesed meie liikumist vaatavad.

Ja nad küsivad:

And they ask a question, and the question is:

How can these people be so passionate?

kuidas saavad need inimesed nii kirglikud olla?

A poor person, a low-income person, somebody in Cancer Alley,

Vaene, madala sissetulekuga inimene "vähktõve tänaval"

somebody in Watts,

keegi Wattsis,

somebody in Harlem, somebody on an Indian reservation,

keegi Harlemis või indiaanlaste reservatsioonis,

might say to themselves -- and rightfully so --

võivad endamisi öelda, ja seda õigustatult,

"Kuidas saavad need inimesed võidelda

"How can these people be so passionate

nii kirglikult

about making sure

that a plastic bottle has a second chance in life,

plastikpudeli

või alumiiniumpurgi

or an aluminum can has a second chance,

teise võimaluse eest

ja samal ajal kui minu lapsel on pahandused

and yet, when my child gets in trouble and goes to prison,

ja ta sattub vangi,

he doesn't get a second chance?"

siis temale ei anta teist võimalust?

"How can this movement be so passionate about saying

Kuidas saab see liikumine olla nii kirglik,

öeldes, et meil pole äravisatavaid asju, kasutuid materjale,

we don't have throwaway stuff, no throwaway dead materials,

and yet accept throwaway lives

ja samas aktsepteerida

äravisatavaid elusid ja kogukondi nagu "vähktõve tänav"?"

and throwaway communities like Cancer Alley?"

Ja nüüd on meil võimalus

And so, we now get a chance to be truly proud of this movement.

selle liikumise üle tõeliselt uhked olla.

When we take on topics like this,

Kui me hakkame tegelema selliste teemadega,

it gives us that extra call to reach out to other movements

annab see meile lisapõhjuse

otsida kontakti teiste liikumistega

ja neid kaasata ja seeläbi kasvada.

and to become more inclusive and to grow,

and we can finally get out of this crazy dilemma that we've been in.

Ja me pääseme lõpuks välja sellest segasest dilemmast, mis meil olnud on.

Most of you are good, softhearted people.

Enamik teist on heasüdamlikud inimesed.

Kui te olite noored, hoolisite tervest maailmast,

When you were younger, you cared about the whole world,

ja ühel hetkel

and at some point, somebody said you had to pick an issue,

ütles keegi teile, et te peate valima ühe valdkonna,

te peate suunama oma armastuse ühele teemale.

you had to boil your love down to an issue.

Tervet maailma ei saa armastada,

"Can't love the whole world --

sa pead tegelema puudega

you've got to work on trees or you've got to work on immigration.

või immigratsiooniga.

You've got to shrink it down and be about one issue."

Sa tagasi tõmbama ja ühe asjaga tegelema.

And really, they fundamentally told you,

Ja põhimõtteliselt öeldi sulle:

"Are you going to hug a tree?

"Kas sa kallistad puud

Or are you going to hug a child? Pick.

või kallistad sa last? Vali.

Are you going to hug a tree?

Kas sa kallistad puud

Or are you going to hug a child? Pick."

või last? Vali."

Well, when you start working on issues like plastic,

Kui sa hakkad tegelema teemadega nagu plastik,

saad aru, et kõik on omavahel ühendatud,

you realize the whole thing is connected.

And luckily, most of us are blessed to have two arms --

ja õnneks on enamikul meist kaks kätt.

Me saame mõlemat kallistada.

we can hug both.

Thank you very much.

Suur aitäh teile.

(Applause)

(aplaus)