The economic injustice of plastic | Van Jones

Prevoditelj: Ivan Lovas Recezent: SIBELA KESAC

Počašćen sam što sam ovdje,

I am honored to be here,

and I'm honored to talk about this topic,

i čast mi je pričati o ovoj temi

which I think is of grave importance.

za koju smatram da je od iznimne važnosti.

We've been talking a lot

Puno smo pričali o

about the horrific impacts of plastic on the planet and on other species,

zastrašujućem utjecaju koji plastika

ima na planet i životinje,

but plastic hurts people, too --

ali plastika također šteti i ljudima,

posebno siromašnim ljudima.

especially poor people.

And both in the production of plastic,

U proizvodnji plastike,

njenom korištenju i odlaganju,

the use of plastic and the disposal of plastic,

oni koji koji najviše pate

the people who have the bull's-eye on their foreheads

su siromašni ljudi.

are poor people.

People got very upset

Ljudi su se jako uzrujali

when the BP oil spill happened,

kada se dogodilo izlijevanje nafte u Meksičkom zaljevu

i to s pravim razlogom.

for very good reason.

Ljudi su mislili: "Oh, moj Bože.

People thought, "Oh, my God.

This is terrible, this oil -- it's in the water.

Ovo je užasno, ova nafta -- iscurila je u vodu.

Uništit će

It's going to destroy the living systems there.

čitavi živi svijet.

Ljudi će patiti.

People are going to be hurt.

Ovo je užasna stvar,

This is a terrible thing,

this oil is going to hurt the people in the Gulf."

ta nafta će naškoditi ljudima u Zaljevu."

What people don't think about is:

Ono o čemu nisu razmišljali je:

What if the oil had made it safely to shore?

što da je nafta došla sigurno do obale?

What if the oil actually got where it was trying to go?

Što bi se dogodilo da je nafta došla tamo gdje inače ide?

Ne bi samo izgorjela u motorima

Not only would it have been burned in engines and added to global warming,

i doprinijela globalnom zagrijavanju,

but there's a place called "Cancer Alley,"

nego postoji mjesto koje se zove "Dolina Raka",

and the reason it's called "Cancer Alley"

a razlog zbog kojeg se naziva "Dolina Raka"

is because the petrochemical industry

je zbog petrokemijske industrije

takes that oil and turns it into plastic

koja koristi naftu i pretvara je u plastiku

and in the process, kills people.

i u tom procesu, ubija ljude.

It shortens the lives of the people who live there in the Gulf.

Ona skraćuje živote ljudi koji se nalaze ondje u Zaljevu.

So oil and petrochemicals are not just a problem when there's a spill;

Dakle nafta i petrokemikalije nisu samo problem tamo gdje su naftne mrlje;

one su problem i tamo gdje ih nema.

they're a problem when there's not.

And what we don't often appreciate

Često ne cijenimo

žrtvu koju siromašni ljudi plaćaju

is the price that poor people pay

for us to have these disposable products.

kako bismo mi imali ove proizvode.

Druga stvar koju često ne cijenimo

The other thing we often don't appreciate is,

jest da siromašni ljudi ne pate samo tijekom proizvodnje.

it's not just at the point of production that poor people suffer.

Oni također pate

Poor people also suffer at the point of use.

tijekom uporabe proizvoda.

Those of us who earn a certain income level,

Oni koji imaju određeni iznos prihoda

we have something called choice.

imaju nešto što se zove izbor.

The reason why you want to work hard and have a job

Razlog zbog kojeg želite raditi marljivo i imati posao

i ne biti siromašni i praznih džepova

and not be poor and broke

je taj da biste imali izbora, ekonomskih izbora.

is so you can have choices, economic choices.

We actually get a chance to choose not to use products

Mi smo zapravo dobili priliku da odlučimo

ne koristiti proizvode

koji sadrže opasnu, otrovnu plastiku.

that have dangerous, poisonous plastic in them.

Ostali ljudi koji su siromašni nemaju takve izbore.

Other people who are poor don't have those choices.

So low-income people often are the ones

Dakle ljudi s niskim primanjima često

who are buying the products that have those dangerous chemicals in them

kupuju proizvode

koji sadrže štetne kemikalije, a koriste ih i njihova djeca.

that their children are using.

Ti ljudi zapravo stalno

Those are the people who wind up ingesting a disproportionate amount

unose u sebe prevelike količine

ove otrovne plastike.

of this poisonous plastic in using it.

And people say, "Well, they should just buy a different product."

I ljudi kažu, "Pa, trebali bi jednostavno kupiti drugi proizvod."

Well, the problem with being poor is you don't have those choices.

Ali, problem kad ste siromašni je taj da nemate izbora.

You often have to buy the cheapest products.

Često morate kupiti najjeftinije proizvode.

The cheapest products are often the most dangerous.

Najjeftiniji proizvodi su često najopasniji.

And if that weren't bad enough --

I kao da to nije dovoljno loše,

if it wasn't just the production of plastic that's giving people cancer

da nije samo proizvodnja plastike

ta zbog koje ljudi obolijevaju od raka u mjestima poput "Doline Raka"

in places like Cancer Alley,

and shortening lives and hurting poor kids at the point of use --

i štete jadnoj djeci u trenutku korištenja,

u trenutku odlaganja,

at the point of disposal,

još jednom, siromašni ljudi su ti

once again, it's poor people who bear the burden.

koji snose teret.

Often, we think we're doing a good thing:

Često, mi mislimo da radimo dobru stvar.

Nalazite se u svom uredu,

You're in your office, drinking your bottled water or whatever it is,

i pijete svoju flaširanu vodu, ili što god se već nalazi unutra,

i mislite si, "Hej, baciti ću ovo u smeće.

and you think to yourself, "I'm going to throw this away.

No -- I'm going to be virtuous. I'm going to put it in the blue bin."

Ne, biti ću pronicav.

Odložiti ću ovo u plavi koš za recikliranje."

You think, "I put mine in the blue bin."

Mislite si, "Stavio sam svoju (bocu) u plavi koš,"

And then you look at your colleague and say,

i onda pogledate svojeg kolegu i kažete,

"Zašto, bleso?

"Why, you cretin! You put yours in the white bin."

bacio si svoju u obično smeće"

And we use that as a moral tickle.

I to koristimo kao moralnu packu.

We feel so good about ourselves.

Osjećamo se tako dobro u svojoj koži.

If we -- well, OK, I'm just ... me.

Možda bih se ja tako osjećao.

Not you, but I feel this way often.

Ne vi, ali ja se osjećam tako.

(Laughter)

And so we kind of have this moral feel-good moment.

I tako imamo trenutak kada osjećamo da smo postupili moralno.

But if we were to be able to follow that little bottle

Ali da smo bili u mogućnosti pratiti tu malu bocu

on its journey,

na njenom putovanju,

we would be shocked to discover that, all too often,

bili bismo šokirani kada bismo otkrili da, prečesto,

that bottle is going to be put on a boat,

ta boca bude ukrcana na brod,

prevezena skroz preko oceana

it's going to go all the way across the ocean

uz neki trošak,

at some expense,

and it's going to wind up in a developing country, often China.

i završi u nekoj zemlji u razvoju - često Kini.

Smatram da mi zamišljamo da će netko uzeti tu malu bocu

I think in our minds, we imagine

somebody's going to take the little bottle and say,

i reći: "Oh, mala boca.

"Oh, little bottle! We're so happy to see you, little bottle."

Tako smo sretni što te vidimo, mala boco."

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

"You've served so well."

"Tako si dobro služila."

(Laughter)

He's given a little bottle massage,

Mala boca ga je izmasirala,

a little bottle medal.

dobio je medalju male boce.

And they say, "What would you like to do next?"

I kaže, "Što bi htjela slijedeće uraditi?"

The little bottle says, "I just don't know ..."

A mala boca odgovara: "Jednostavno ne znam."

(Laughter)

Ali to se zapravo ne događa.

But that's not actually what happens.

You know?

That bottle winds up getting burned.

Ta boca

završi u spalionici.

The recycling of plastic in many developing countries

Recikliranje plastike u mnogim zemljama u razvoju

znači spaljivanje plastike,

means the incineration of the plastic, the burning of the plastic,

gorenje plastike,

which releases incredible toxic chemicals

koje otpušta nevjerojatno otrovne kemikalije

and, once again, kills people.

i još jednom, ubija ljude.

And so, poor people who are making these products

I tako siromašni ljudi

koji proizvode ove proizvode

in petrochemical centers like Cancer Alley,

u petrokemijskim centrima poput "Doline Raka",

poor people who are consuming these products disproportionately,

jadni ljudi koji pretjerano konzumiraju te proizvode,

i onda se tim jadnim ljudima,

and then poor people who, even at the tail end of the recycling,

koji se nalaze na kraju reciklaže

are having their lives shortened.

životi skraćuju,

They're all being harmed -- greatly --

svima se jako šteti

by this addiction that we have to disposability.

ovom ovisnošću koju imamo

da koristimo stvari za jednokratnu upotrebu.

Now, you think to yourself -- I know how you are --

I sada mislite -- a znam da o tom razmišljate --

you say, "That sure is terrible for those poor people.

kažete: "To je uistinu strašno

za siromašne ljude,

Jednostavno je užasno,

It's just awful. Those poor people.

tim siromašnim ljudima.

Nadam se da će netko učiniti nešto da im pomogne."

I hope someone does something to help them."

But what we don't understand is --

Ali ono što ne razumijemo je --

recimo, mi ovdje u Los Angelesu.

here we are in Los Angeles.

We worked very hard to get the smog reduction

Radili smo jako marljivo na smanjenju smoga

koji se stvara u Los Angelesu.

happening here in Los Angeles.

But guess what?

Ali pogodite što?

Because they're doing so much dirty production in Asia now,

Pošto se trenutno veoma mnogo prljave industrije nalazi u Aziji,

jer zakoni za zaštitu okoliša

because the environmental laws don't protect the people in Asia now,

ne štite ljude u Aziji,

almost all of the clean air gains and the toxic air gains

gotovo svo povećanje čistog zraka

i smanjenje toksičnog zraka,

that we've achieved here in California

koje smo postigli ovdje u Kaliforniji

have been wiped out by dirty air coming over from Asia.

su poništena zbog zagađenog zraka koji dolazi iz Azije.

So we all are being hit. We all are being impacted.

Dakle, svi se nalazimo na udaru. To utječe na sve nas.

It's just that the poor people get it first and worst.

Siromašni ljudi samo budu pogođeni prvi i najjače.

But the dirty production, the burning of toxins,

Ali prljava industrija, to spaljivanje toksina,

the lack of environmental standards in Asia,

nedostatak ekoloških standarda u Aziji

is actually creating so much dirty air pollution,

zapravo zagađuje zrak u tolikoj mjeri

it's coming across the ocean,

da on dolazi skroz preko oceana i uništava sve naše napore ovdje u Kaliforniji.

and has erased our gains here in California.

Vratili smo se nazad gdje smo bili 1970tih.

We're back where we were in the 1970s.

And so we're on one planet,

Mi se nalazimo na jednom planetu,

and we have to be able to get to the root of these problems.

i moramo doći do korijena ovih problema.

The root of this problem, in my view,

Korijen ovog problema, prema meni,

is the idea of disposability itself.

je ideja odloživosti.

You see, if you understand the link

Vidite, ako razumijete vezu

između onoga što radimo

between what we're doing to poison and pollute the planet

da trujemo i zagađujemo planet

and what we're doing to poor people,

i onoga što činimo siromašnoj populaciji,

you arrive at a very troubling but also very helpful insight:

došli ste do vrlo zabrinjavajućeg

ali i vrlo obećavajućeg uvida:

In order to trash the planet,

Kako bi zagadili planet,

you have to trash people.

morate zagaditi ljude.

But if you create a world where you don't trash people,

Ali ako stvorite svijet gdje ne zagađujete ljude,

you can't trash the planet.

ne možete zagaditi ni planet.

So now we are at a moment

I tako sada u trenutku

gdje se socijalna pravda pojavljuje kao ideja,

where the coming together of social justice as an idea

and ecology as an idea,

i ekologija kao ideja,

zapravo vidimo

we finally can now see

that they are really, at the end of the day, one idea.

da su one, na kraju dana, jedna ideja.

And it's the idea that we don't have disposable anything.

A to je da nemamo ništa što možemo odbaciti.

We don't have disposable resources.

Nemamo sirovine koje se mogu odbaciti.

We don't have disposable species.

Nemamo bića koja se mogu odbaciti.

I također nemamo ljude koje možemo odbaciti.

And we don't have disposable people, either.

We don't have a throwaway planet,

Nemamo planet koji možemo jednostavno baciti,

and we don't have throwaway children -- it's all precious.

nemamo djecu koju možemo jednostavno baciti -- to je sve dragocjeno.

And as we all begin to come back to that basic understanding,

I dok se vraćamo natrag prema tom temeljnom shvaćanju,

new opportunities for action begin to emerge.

pojavljuju se nove prilike za akciju.

Biomimikrija

Biomimicry,

which is an emerging science,

je znanost

koja je još uvijek u razvoju,

winds up being a very important social justice idea.

ali se pokazala kao jedna vrlo bitna ideja socijalne pravde.

People who are just learning about this stuff:

Za vas koji se tek susrećete s ovim pojmom,

biomimikrija znači

biomimicry means respecting the wisdom of all species.

poštivanje prava svih vrsta.

Demokracija, usput,

Democracy, by the way,

means respecting the wisdom of all people -- we'll get to that.

znači poštivanje prava svih ljudi -- a doći ćemo i do toga.

Ali biomimikrija znači poštivanje prava svih vrsta.

But biomimicry means respecting the wisdom of all species.

Ispada da smo mi vrlo pametna vrsta.

It turns out we're a pretty clever species.

We have this big cortex, we're pretty proud of ourselves.

Imamo ovu veliku moždanu koru, ili kako već, jako smo ponosni na sebe.

But if we want to make something hard,

Ako žarko želimo nešto napraviti,

we say, "I know! I'm going to make a hard substance.

ako poželimo; "Aha! Napraviti ću neku čvrstu tvar.

I know! I'm going to get vacuums and furnaces

Shvaćam, morati ću nabaviti stroj za vakumiranje i peći,

and drag stuff out of the ground

iščupati neke stvari iz zemlje

and get things hot and poison and pollute ...

i jako ih zagrijati, otrovati i zagaditi,

But I got this hard thing!"

ali dobiti ću tu čvrstu stvar.

(Laughter)

Kako li sam samo pametan",

"I'm so clever!"

And you look behind you, and there's destruction all around you.

i pogledate iza sebe, razaranje vas okružuje.

But guess what?

Ali pogodite što? Vi jeste pametni,

You're so clever, but you're not as clever as a clam.

ali ne poput školjke.

A clamshell is hard.

Školjka je čvrsta.

There's no vacuums. There's no big furnaces.

Tu nema vakuuma. Tu nema velikih peći.

There's no poison. There's no pollution.

Tu nema otrova. Tu nema zagađenja.

It turns out that other species figured out a long time ago

Ispada da su druge vrste

već davno shvatile

kako napraviti mnoge stvari koje mi trebamo

how to create many of the things we need

using biological processes that nature knows how to use well.

pomoću bioloških procesa koje priroda koristi.

To je pogled u biomimikriju,

That insight of biomimicry, of our scientists finally realizing

iz koje su naši znanstvenici konačno shvatili

that we have as much to learn from other species --

da imamo jako puno toga za naučiti od ostalih vrsta.

Ne mislim da uzmemo miša,

I don't mean taking a mouse and sticking it with stuff.

i vršimo pokuse nad njim.

I don't mean looking at it from that way, abusing the little species.

Ne mislim da promatramo na taj način -- mučenjem malenih životinja.

I mean actually respecting them, respecting what they've achieved.

Trebamo ih poštovati, poštovati to što su postigli.

To se zove biomimikrija

That's called biomimicry,

and that opens the door to zero waste production;

i to nam otvara vrata

prema proizvodnji bez otpada,

zero pollution production;

proizvodnji bez zagađenja --

that we could actually enjoy

tako da bismo mogli zapravo uživati

a high quality of life, a high standard of living,

visoku kvalitetu života, visoki standard življenja

bez da zagađujemo planet.

without trashing the planet.

Well, that idea of biomimicry,

Ta ideja biomimikrije,

respecting the wisdom of all species,

poštivanje prava svih vrsta,

zajedno s idejama

combined with the idea of democracy and social justice,

demokracije i socijalne pravde,

poštivanje prava i vrijednosti svih ljudi,

respecting the wisdom and the worth of all people,

would give us a different society.

donijeti će nam drugačije društvo.

We would have a different economy.

Imali bismo drugačiju ekonomiju.

We would have a green society

Imali bismo zeleno društvo

that Dr. King would be proud of.

na koje bi Dr. King bio ponosan.

To nam treba biti cilj.

That should be the goal.

And the way that we get there is to first of all recognize

A to ćemo uspjeti tako da prije svega prepoznamo

that the idea of disposability

da ideja odbacivanja

not only hurts the species we've talked about,

ne šteti samo

vrstama o kojima smo pričali,

but it even corrupts our own society.

nego i našem društvu.

We're so proud to live here in California.

Tako smo ponosni što živimo ovdje u Kaliforniji.

We just had this vote, and everybody's like,

Upravo smo imali glasanje, i svi si misle,

"Well -- not in our state!"

"Ne u našoj državi.

(Laughter)

Ne znam što ove ostale države rade."

I don't know what those other states were doing, but ..."

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Just so proud.

Jednostavno smo ponosni.

Da, i ja sam ponosan.

And, yeah, I'm proud, too.

But ...

Ali Kalifornija,

California, though we lead the world in some of the green stuff,

iako smo vodeći po nekim ekološkim pitanjima,

we also, unfortunately, lead the world

mi smo također, nažalost, vodeći u svijetu

in some of the gulag stuff.

po nekim jako lošim stvarima.

California has one of the highest incarceration rates

Kalifornija ima jednu od najvećih stopa zatvorenika

među svih 50 država.

of all the 50 states.

We have a moral challenge in this movement.

U ovom trenutku imamo moralni izazov.

Strastveni smo u vezi spašavanja

We are passionate about rescuing some dead materials from the landfill,

odbačenih materijala s odlagališta,

ali ponekad nismo tako strastveni

but sometimes not as passionate

about rescuing living beings, living people.

u vezi spašavanja živih bića, živih ljudi.

And I would say that we live in a country --

I rekao bih da živimo u zemlji koju čini--

five percent of the world's population,

5 posto svjetske populacije,

25 percent of the greenhouse gases,

25 posto stakleničkih plinova,

but also 25 percent of the world's prisoners.

ali i 25 posto svjetskih zatvorenika.

Svaka četvrta osoba u zatvorena bilo gdje u svijetu

One of every four people locked up anywhere in the world

se nalazi upravo ovdje u SAD-u.

is locked up right here in the United States.

I to podupire ovu ideju

So that is consistent with this idea

that disposability is something we believe in.

da je odbacivanje nešto u što vjerujemo.

I još,

And yet,

as a movement that has to broaden its constituency,

kao pokret

koji treba proširiti svoje djelovanje,

koji treba rasti,

that has to grow,

that has to reach out beyond our natural comfort zone,

koji treba dosegnuti izvan granica naše zone udobnosti,

one of the challenges to the success of this movement,

jedan od izazova ovog projekta,

of getting rid of things like plastic and helping the economy shift,

za rješavanje stvari poput plastike i pomaganje ekonomiji da se promijeni,

is people look at our movement with some suspicion.

su ljudi koji na ovaj projekt gledaju sa sumnjom.

Pitaju se:

And they ask a question, and the question is:

How can these people be so passionate?

Kako ovi ljudi mogu biti tako strastveni?

A poor person, a low-income person, somebody in Cancer Alley,

Siromašna osoba, osoba s niskim primanjima, netko iz "Doline Raka",

somebody in Watts,

neko iz Wattsa,

somebody in Harlem, somebody on an Indian reservation,

netko iz Harlema, netko iz Indijanskih rezervata,

might say to themselves -- and rightfully so --

možda si misle, s pravom,

"Kako ovi ljudi mogu biti tako strastveni

"How can these people be so passionate

u tome da

about making sure

that a plastic bottle has a second chance in life,

ta plastična boca

ima drugu priliku u životu

or an aluminum can has a second chance,

ili aluminijska limenka ima drugu priliku,

a opet, kada moje dijete upadne u nevolje

and yet, when my child gets in trouble and goes to prison,

i ode u zatvor,

he doesn't get a second chance?"

ono ne dobije drugu priliku?"

"How can this movement be so passionate about saying

Kako ovaj pokret može biti tako strastven

i tvrditi da nemamo stvari za bacanje, nemamo materijala za bacanje,

we don't have throwaway stuff, no throwaway dead materials,

and yet accept throwaway lives

i istovremeno prihvatiti

živote koji se odbacuju i odbačene zajednice poput "Doline Raka?"

and throwaway communities like Cancer Alley?"

I tako dobivamo priliku

And so, we now get a chance to be truly proud of this movement.

da budemo uistinu ponosni na ovaj pokret.

When we take on topics like this,

Kada pričamo o temama poput ove,

it gives us that extra call to reach out to other movements

to nam daje dodatni poriv

da dođemo do drugih pokreta,

postanemo još aktivniji i rastemo,

and to become more inclusive and to grow,

and we can finally get out of this crazy dilemma that we've been in.

i da konačno možemo izaći iz ove lude dileme u kojoj smo bili.

Most of you are good, softhearted people.

Većina vas su ljudi dobra, meka srca.

I kada ste bili mladi, brinuli ste se o cijelom svijetu,

When you were younger, you cared about the whole world,

i u nekom trenutku

and at some point, somebody said you had to pick an issue,

netko vam je rekao da odaberete problem

da morate usmjeriti svoju ljubav prema jednom problemu.

you had to boil your love down to an issue.

Ne možete voljeti cijeli svijet --

"Can't love the whole world --

morate raditi na drvećima,

you've got to work on trees or you've got to work on immigration.

ili morate raditi na imigraciji.

You've got to shrink it down and be about one issue."

Morate smanjiti opseg na jedan problem.

And really, they fundamentally told you,

I time su vam, zapravo, rekli,

"Are you going to hug a tree?

"Hoćeš li zagrliti drvo,

Or are you going to hug a child? Pick.

ili ćeš zagrliti dijete? Izaberi.

Are you going to hug a tree?

"Hoćeš li zagrliti drvo,

Or are you going to hug a child? Pick."

ili ćeš zagrliti dijete? Izaberi.

Well, when you start working on issues like plastic,

No, kada počnete raditi na problemima poput plastike,

shvatite da je cijela stvar povezana,

you realize the whole thing is connected.

And luckily, most of us are blessed to have two arms --

i srećom, većina nas je blagoslovljena s dvjema rukama.

Možemo zagrliti oboje.

we can hug both.

Thank you very much.

Velika vam hvala.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)