Todd Humphreys: How to fool a GPS

Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast

Translator: Anders Finn Jørgensen Reviewer: Allan Jensen

Something happened in the early morning hours

Noget skete i de tidlige morgentimer

of May 2nd, 2000, that had a profound effect

den 2. maj 2000, som har haft en gennemgribende effekt

on the way our society operates.

på måden vores samfund fungerer.

Ironically, hardly anyone noticed at the time.

Ironisk nok var der næppe nogen der opdagede det.

The change was silent, imperceptible,

Ændringen var lydløs og usynlig,

unless you knew exactly what to look for.

med mindre du viste præcist hvad du skulle kigge efter.

On that morning, U.S. President Bill Clinton

Den morgen, beordrede USA's præsident Bill Clinton

ordered that a special switch be thrown

at trykke på en bestemt kontakt

in the orbiting satellites of the Global Positioning System.

i satellitterne i omløb for Global Positioning System [GPS].

Instantaneously, every civilian GPS receiver

Øjeblikligt gik enhver civil GPS modtager på Jorden

around the globe went from errors the size of a football field

fra at have en fejlvisning på størrelse med en fodboldbane

to errors the size of a small room.

til en fejl på størrelse med et lille værelse.

It's hard to overstate the effect that this change

Det er svært at overvurdere effekten af denne ændring

in accuracy has had on us.

i akkurathed har haft på os.

Before this switch was thrown, we didn't have

Før denne kontakt blev trykket, havde vi ikke

in-car navigation systems giving turn-by-turn

bil-navigering der kunne fortælle hvornår vi

directions, because back then, GPS couldn't tell you

skulle dreje, fordi GPS kunne ikke fortælle dig

what block you were on, let alone what street.

ved hvilken husblok du befandt dig, knap nok vejen.

For geolocation, accuracy matters,

For positionsangivelse, er akkurathed afgørende,

and things have only improved over the last 10 years.

og det har kun forbedret sig over de sidste 10 år.

With more base stations, more ground stations,

Med flere basestationer, flere jordstationer,

better receivers and better algorithms,

bedre modtagere og bedre algoritmer,

GPS can now not only tell you what street you are on,

kan GPS ikke kun fortælle dig hvilken vej du er på

but what part of the street.

men også hvilken side af vejen.

This level of accuracy

Dette niveau af akkurathed

has unleashed a firestorm of innovation.

har medført en storm af innovation.

In fact, many of you navigated here today

Faktisk har mange af jer fundet herhen i dag

with the help of your TomTom or your smartphone.

med hjælp fra jeres TomTom eller smartphone.

Paper maps are becoming obsolete.

Papirkort er blevet forældet.

But we now stand on the verge of another revolution

Men vi står på kanten af endnu en revolution

in geolocation accuracy.

i akkurathed af positionsangivelse.

What if I told you that the two-meter positioning

Hvad hvis jeg fortæller jer at 2 meters akkurathed

that our current cell phones and our TomToms give us

som vi får af vores TomTom eller mobiler

is pathetic compared to what we could be getting?

er ynkeligt, sammenlignet hvad vi vil kunne få?

For some time now, it's been known that if you pay attention

I et stykke tid, har det været kendt at hvis du er opmærksom

to the carrier phase of the GPS signal,

på polarisationsretningen af GPS-signalet,

and if you have an Internet connection,

og hvis du har en internetforbindelse,

then you can go from meter level to centimeter level,

så kan du gå fra meter til centimeter,

even millimeter-level positioning.

endda til millimeter præcis positionering.

So why don't we have this capability on our phones?

Så hvorfor har vi ikke disse muligheder på vores mobiler?

Only, I believe, for a lack of imagination.

Kun, tror jeg, på grund mangel på forestillingsevne.

Manufacturers haven't built this carrier phase technique

Fabrikkerne har ikke bygget denne polarisationsteknik

into their cheap GPS chips

ind i deres billige GPS chips

because they're not sure what the general public would do

fordi de ikke er sikre på hvad den almindelige bruger vil

with geolocation so accurate that you could pinpoint

gøre med geolokation så akkurat at du kan udpege

the wrinkles in the palm of your hand.

linjerne i din håndflade.

But you and I and other innovators,

Men I og mig og andre innovatore,

we can see the potential in this next leap in accuracy.

vi kan se potentialet i det næste spring i akkurathed.

Imagine, for example, an augmented reality app

Forestil jer en forstærket virkeligheds-app

that overlays a virtual world to millimeter-level precision

som ligger en virtuel verden ovenpå den fysiske

on top of the physical world.

med millimeter præcision.

I could build for you a structure up here in 3D,

Jeg kunne konstruere en struktur her i 3D,

millimeter accurate, that only you could see,

akkurat på millimeter, som kun I kan se,

or my friends at home.

eller mine venner derhjemme.

So this level of positioning, this is what we're looking for,

Dette niveau af positionering, er hvad vi er på udkig efter,

and I believe that, within the next few years, I predict,

og jeg tror at indenfor de næste få år, forudsiger jeg,

that this kind of hyper-precise, carrier phase-based positioning

vil, denne form for hyperpræcis signalpolariserings positionering,

will become cheap and ubiquitous,

være blevet billig og allestedsværende

and the consequences will be fantastic.

og konsekvenserne vil blive fantastiske.

The Holy Grail, of course, is the GPS dot.

Den hellige Gral, selvfølgeligt, vil være GPS-prikken.

Do you remember the movie "The Da Vinci Code?"

Husker I filmen "Da Vinci mysteriet?"

Here's Professor Langdon examining a GPS dot,

Her er professor Langdorn der undersøger en GPS prik,

which his accomplice tells him is a tracking device

som hans medsammensvorne fortæller ham er et sporingsapparat

accurate within two feet anywhere on the globe,

akkurat indenfor en meter på jordkloden,

but we know that in the world of nonfiction,

men vi ved at i den virkelige verden

the GPS dot is impossible, right?

er GPS-prikken ikke mulig. ikke også?

For one thing, GPS doesn't work indoors,

For det første at GPS ikke virker indendørs,

and for another, they don't make devices quite this small,

og for det andet, de laver ikke apparater der er så små,

especially when those devices have to relay

specielt ikke når de skal sende

their measurements back over a network.

deres målinger tilbage over et netværk.

Well, these objections were perfectly reasonable

Well, disse indvendinger var fuldstændigt fornuftige

a few years ago, but things have changed.

for få år siden, men tingene har ændret sig.

There's been a strong trend toward miniaturization,

Der har været en kraftig udvikling indenfor formindskelse,

better sensitivity, so much so that, a few years ago,

større følsomhed, så meget at, så for få år siden,

a GPS tracking device looked like this clunky box

var en GPS sporingsapparat klodset som denne boks

to the left of the keys.

til venstre for nøglerne.

Compare that with the device released just months ago

Sammenlign den med dette apparat udsendt for et par måneder siden.

that's now packaged into something the size of a key fob,

Det er nu pakket ind i noget på størrelse med en nøglering,

and if you take a look at the state of the art

og hvis I ser på det seneste

for a complete GPS receiver, which is only a centimeter

for en komplet GPS-modtager, som kun er en centimeter

on a side and more sensitive than ever,

bred og mere følsom end nogensinde,

you realize that the GPS dot will soon move

må I indse at GPS-prikken snart vil flytte sig fra

from fiction to nonfiction.

fiktion til virkeligheden.

Imagine what we could do with a world full of GPS dots.

Forestil jer hvad vi kunne gøre i en verden fuld af GPS-prikker.

It's not just that you'll never lose your wallet or your keys

Det er ikke bare det at du aldrig mere vil kunne miste din pung eller nøglerne,

anymore, or your child when you're at Disneyland.

eller dine børn når du er i Disneyland.

You'll buy GPS dots in bulk, and you'll stick them on

Du vil købe GPS-prikker i spandevis, og putte dem på

everything you own worth more than a few tens of dollars.

alt hvad du ejer, som er mere end nogle dollars værd.

I couldn't find my shoes one recent morning,

Jeg kunne ikke finde mine sko forleden morgen,

and, as usual, had to ask my wife if she had seen them.

og som sædvanligt, spurgte jeg min kone om hun havde set dem.

But I shouldn't have to bother my wife with that kind of triviality.

Men jeg skulle ikke have besværet min kone med den slags trivialiteter.

I should be able to ask my house where my shoes are.

Jeg skulle have spurgt mit hus hvor mine sko var.

(Laughter)

(Latter)

Those of you who have made the switch to Gmail,

De af jer som har prøvet at skifte til Gmail,

remember how refreshing it was to go from

husker hvor rart det var at kunne gå fra at organisere

organizing all of your email to simply searching it.

sine e-mails, til bare at søge i dem.

The GPS dot will do the same for our possessions.

GPS-prikken vil gøre det samme for vores ejendele.

Now, of course, there is a flip side to the GPS dot.

Men selvfølgeligt er der en bagside af GPS-prikken.

I was in my office some months back

Jeg var i mit kontor for nogle måneder siden

and got a telephone call.

og fik et telefonopkald.

The woman on the other end of the line, we'll call her Carol,

Kvinden i den anden ende af linjen, vi kalder hende Carol,

was panicked.

var panisk.

Apparently, an ex-boyfriend of Carol's from California

Tilsyneladende, en af Carols eks-kærester fra Californien

had found her in Texas and was following her around.

havde fundet hende i Texas og fulgte efter hende.

So you might ask at this point why she's calling you.

Så I spørger hvorfor hun ringer mig op.

Well, so did I.

Well, det gjorde jeg også.

But it turned out there was a technical twist to Carol's case.

Men det viste sig at der var en teknisk tvist til Carols sag.

Every time her ex-boyfriend would show up,

Hver gang hendes ekskæreste mødte op,

at the most improbable times and the most improbable locations,

på de mest upassende tidspunkter og de mest upassende steder,

he was carrying an open laptop,

havde hun en tændt laptop med sig

and over time Carol realized that he had planted

og efterhånden fandt Carol ud af at han havde placeret

a GPS tracking device on her car,

et GPS sporingsapparat på hendes bil,

so she was calling me for help to disable it.

så hun ringede til mig for hjælp til at slukke det.

"Well, you should go to a good mechanic

"Well, du bør gå til en god mekaniker

and have him look at your car," I said.

og have ham til at kigge på din bil" sagde jeg.

"I already have," she told me.

"Det har jeg allerede gjort" fortalte hun mig.

"He didn't see anything obvious,

"Han så intet i øjenfaldende,

and he said he'd have to take the car apart piece by piece."

og han sagde at han ville være nødt til at skille hele bilen ad."

"Well then, you'd better go to the police," I said.

"Well, du må hellere gå til politiet", sagde jeg.

"I already have," she replied.

"Det har jeg allerede", svarede hun.

"They're not sure this rises to the level of harassment,

"De er ikke sikre på at det er nok til at det er en krænkelse,

and they're not set up technically to find the device."

og de har ikke teknisk viden til at finde apparatet."

"Okay, what about the FBI?"

"Okay, hvad så med FBI?"

"I've talked to them too, and same story."

"Jeg har talt med dem også, samme historie."

We then talked about her coming to my lab

Vi talte om at hun kunne komme til mit laboratorium

and us performing a radio sweep of her car,

og lade os lave et radiosweep af hendes bil,

but I wasn't even sure that would work,

men jeg var ikke sikker på at det ville virke,

given that some of these devices are configured

da nogle apparater er konfigureret

to only transmit when they're inside safe zones

til kun at transmittere når de er inde i bestemte zoner

or when the car is moving.

eller når bilen bevæger sig.

So, there we were.

Så var vi lige langt.

Carol isn't the first, and certainly won't be the last,

Carol er ikke den første, og bestemt heller ikke den sidste

to find herself in this kind of fearsome environment,

som vil finde sig selv i et frygtskabende miljø,

worrisome situation caused by GPS tracking.

bekymrede over situationen skabt af GPS-sporing.

In fact, as I looked into her case,

Faktisk da jeg kigge på hendes sag,

I discovered to my surprise that it's not clearly illegal

fandt jeg ud af til min overraskelse, at det ikke er decideret ulovligt

for you or me to put a tracking device on someone else's car.

for dig eller mig at putte et sporingsapparat på en andens bil.

The Supreme Court ruled last month that a policeman

Højesteret har afsagt en kendelse om at en politimand

has to get a warrant if he wants to do prolonged tracking,

skal have en dommerkendelse, hvis han ønsker at lave en længerevarende sporing.

but the law isn't clear about civilians doing this to one another,

Men loven er ikke klar på hvad borgerne må gøre mod hinanden,

so it's not just Big Brother we have to worry about,

så det er ikke Big Brother vi skal bekymre os om,

but Big Neighbor. (Laughter)

men Big Nabo. (Latter)

There is one alternative that Carol could have taken,

Der er et alternativ som Carol kunne have valgt,

very effective. It's called the Wave Bubble.

meget effektiv, kaldet Bølgeboblen.

It's an open-source GPS jammer,

Det er en open-source GPS støjsender,

developed by Limor Fried,

udviklet af Limor Fried,

a graduate student at MIT, and Limor calls it

en studerende ved MIT, og Limor kalder det

"a tool for reclaiming our personal space."

"Et værktøj til at generhverve dit personlige rum."

With a flip of the switch you create a bubble around you

Ved at trykke på en kontakt skaber du en boble omkring dig

within which GPS signals can't reside.

hvorinde GPS signaler ikke kan findes.

They get drowned out by the bubble.

De bliver druknet af boblen.

And Limor designed this, in part, because, like Carol,

Og Limor designede denne, delvist fordi, ligesom Carol,

she felt threatened by GPS tracking.

følte hun sig truet af GPS-sporing.

Then she posted her design to the web,

Derefter lagde hun sit design på nettet,

and if you don't have time to build your own,

og hvis du ikke har tid til at bygget din egen,

you can buy one.

kan du købe en.

Chinese manufacturers now sell thousands

Kinesiske fabrikker sælger nu tusinder

of nearly identical devices on the Internet.

af næsten identiske apparater på internettet.

So you might be thinking, the Wave Bubble sounds great.

Så I tænker at Bøgeboblen lyder fantastisk.

I should have one. Might come in handy if somebody ever puts a tracking device on my car.

Jeg skal have en. Det kan være jeg for brug for den, hvis nogen putter sporingsudstyr på min bil.

But you should be aware that its use is very much illegal

Men I skal være klar over, at det er dybt ulovligt

in the United States.

i USA.

And why is that?

Og hvorfor det?

Well, because it's not a bubble at all.

Det er fordi det overhovedet ikke er en boble.

Its jamming signals don't stop at the edge

Dens signaljamming stopper ikke ved grænsen

of your personal space or at the edge of your car.

af det personlige rum, eller ved randen af din bil.

They go on to jam innocent GPS receivers for miles around you. (Laughter)

Den jammer alle GPS-modtagere i miles omkreds. (Latter)

Now, if you're Carol or Limor,

Nå, hvis du er Carol eller Limor,

or someone who feels threatened by GPS tracking,

eller en anden som føler sig truet af GPS-sporing,

it might not feel wrong to turn on a Wave Bubble,

så føles det måske ikke forkert at tænde for Bølgeboblen,

but in fact, the results can be disastrous.

men faktisk kan resultatet blive katastrofalt.

Imagine, for example, you're the captain of a cruise ship

Forestil jer, at du er kaptajnen på et krydstogtskib

trying to make your way through a thick fog

som prøver at finde vej gennem tyk tåge

and some passenger in the back turns on a Wave Bubble.

og en passager tænder for en Bølgeboble.

All of a sudden your GPS readout goes blank,

Lige med et virker din GPS ikke,

and now it's just you and the fog

og nu er det bare dig og tågen

and whatever you can pull off the radar system

og hvad du kan læse ud af dit radarsystem

if you remember how to work it.

hvis du husker hvordan det virker.

They -- in fact, they don't update or upkeep lighthouses

Faktisk bliver fyrtårne ikke opdateret eller vedligeholdt længere

anymore, and LORAN, the only backup to GPS,

og LORAN, det eneste alternativ til GPS,

was discontinued last year.

blev nedlagt sidste år.

Our modern society has a special relationship with GPS.

Vores moderne samfund har et specielt forhold til GPS.

We're almost blindly reliant on it.

Vi er næsten blindt afhængige af det.

It's built deeply into our systems and infrastructure.

Det er bygget dybt ind i vores systemer og infrastruktur.

Some call it "the invisible utility."

Nogle kalder det: "det usynlige redskab."

So, turning on a Wave Bubble might not just cause inconvenience.

Så at tænde for en Bølgeboble vil ikke bare forårsage irritation.

It might be deadly.

Det kan være dødeligt.

But as it turns out, for purposes of protecting your privacy

Men det viser sig at, til det formål at beskytte dit privatliv

at the expense of general GPS reliability,

på bekostning af generel GPS funktion,

there's something even more potent

så er der noget endnu mere potent

and more subversive than a Wave Bubble,

og meget mere undergravende end Bølgeboblen,

and that is a GPS spoofer.

og det er en GPS-forfalsker.

The idea behind the GPS spoofer is simple.

ideen bag GPS-forfalskeren er simpel.

Instead of jamming the GPS signals, you fake them.

I stedet for at ødelægge GPS-signalerne, forfalsker du dem.

You imitate them, and if you do it right, the device

Du efterligner dem og hvis du gør det rigtigt, vil apparatet

you're attacking doesn't even know it's being spoofed.

du angriber, slet ikke opdage at det er blevet narret.

So let me show you how this works.

Så lad mig vise jer hvordan det virker.

In any GPS receiver, there's a peak inside

Inde i enhver GPS-modtager er der en top

that corresponds to the authentic signals.

der svarer til de rigtige signaler.

These three red dots represent the tracking points

Disse tre røde prikker viser sporingspunkter

that try to keep themselves centered on that peak.

der forsøger at placerer sig på toppen.

But if you send in a fake GPS signal,

Men hvis du sender et forfalsket GPS-signal

another peak pops up, and if you can get these two peaks

Kommer der en ny top og kan du få de to toppe

perfectly aligned, the tracking points can't tell the difference,

til at ligge ovenpå hinanden, kan sporingspunkterne ikke kende forskel

and they get hijacked by the stronger counterfeit signal,

og de er kidnappet af det stærkere forfalskede signal,

with the authentic peak getting forced off.

mens den rigtige top er tvunget væk.

At this point, the game is over.

På dette tidspunkt er spillet slut.

The fake signals now completely control this GPS receiver.

Det kunstige signal kontrollere nu GPS modtageren fuldstændigt.

So is this really possible?

Er dette virkeligt muligt?

Can someone really manipulate

Kan nogen virkeligt manipulere

the timing and positioning of a GPS receiver

klokkeslet og position på en GPS-modtager

just like that, with a spoofer?

bare sådan, med en forfalsker?

Well, the short answer is yes.

Well, det korte svar er ja.

The key is that civil GPS signals

Nøglen er at civile GPS-signaler

are completely open.

er fuldstændigt åbne.

They have no encryption. They have no authentication.

De har ingen kryptering. De har ingen autentificering.

They're wide open, vulnerable to a kind of spoofing attack.

De er helt åbne og sårbare overfor den slags forfalskningsangreb.

Even so, up until very recently,

På trods af det, selv indtil for nyligt

nobody worried about GPS spoofers.

var der ingen der bekymrede sig og GPS-forfalskere.

People figured that it would be too complex

Folk mente det ville være for komplekst

or too expensive for some hacker to build one.

eller for dyrt for en hacker at lave en.

But I, and a friend of mine from graduate school,

Men jeg og en af mine studiekammerater

we didn't see it that way.

så ikke sådan på det.

We knew it wasn't going to be so hard,

Vi vidste at det ikke ville være så svært,

and we wanted to be the first to build one

og vi ønskede at være de første til at bygge en

so we could get out in front of the problem

så vi kunne komme problemerne i forkøbet,

and help protect against GPS spoofing.

og hjælpe med at beskytte os mod GPS-forfalskning.

I remember vividly the week it all came together.

Jeg husker levende den uge hvor alting faldt i hak.

We built it at my home, which means that

Vi byggede den hjemme hos mig, hvilket betød at

I got a little extra help from my three-year-old son Ramon.

jeg fik lidt ekstra hjælp fra min 3-årige søn Ramon.

Here's Ramon — (Laughter) —

Her er Ramon - (Latter) -

looking for a little attention from Dad that week.

som vil have lidt opmærksomhed fra sin far den uge.

At first, the spoofer was just a jumble of cables

Til at starte med, var forfalskeren kun en bunke kabler

and computers, though we eventually got it packaged

og computere, indtil vi fik den pakket

into a small box.

ned i en lille kasse.

Now, the Dr. Frankenstein moment,

Nu! Dr. Frankenstein øjeblikket,

when the spoofer finally came alive

hvor forfalskeren endeligt blev vakt til live

and I glimpsed its awful potential,

og den skinnede i al sin ondskabsfulde kraft,

came late one night when I tested the spoofer

skete en sen nat, da jeg testede forfalskeren

against my iPhone.

mod min iPhone.

Let me show you some actual footage from that

Lad mig vise nogle billeder fra

very first experiment.

det allerførste eksperiment.

I had come to completely trust this little blue dot

I var begyndt at stole fuldstændigt på den lille blå prik

and its reassuring blue halo.

og dens tryghedsskabende blå glorie.

They seemed to speak to me.

De ligesom talte til mig.

They'd say, "Here you are. Here you are." (Laughter)

De sagde: " Her er du. Her er du." (Latter)

And "you can trust us."

Og "Du kan stole på os."

So something felt very wrong about the world.

Så noget føltes helt galt i verden.

It was a sense, almost, of betrayal,

Det var en følelse af næsten forræderi,

when this little blue dot started at my house,

da den lille blå prik startede ved mit hus

and went running off toward the north

og begyndte at bevæge sig mod nord

leaving me behind. I wasn't moving.

og efterlod mig. Jeg bevægede mig ikke.

What I then saw in this little moving blue dot

Hvad jeg så da den lille blå prik bevægede sig

was the potential for chaos.

var muligheden for kaos.

I saw airplanes and ships veering off course, with the captain

Jeg så fly og skibe bevæge sig ud af kurs, hvor kaptajnen

learning only too late that something was wrong.

for sent opdager at noget er galt.

I saw the GPS-derived timing

Jeg så GPS fastsatte tidspunkter

of the New York Stock Exchange

på New Yorks børs

being manipulated by hackers.

blive manipuleret af hackere.

You can scarcely imagine the kind of havoc

I kan dårligt forestille jer hvilken ravage

you could cause if you knew what you were doing

I kunne forsage hvis I viste hvad I kan gøre

with a GPS spoofer.

med en GPS-forfalsker.

There is, though, one redeeming feature

Der er trods alt en formildende omstændighed

of the GPS spoofer.

ved GPS-forfalskeren.

It's the ultimate weapon against an invasion of GPS dots.

Den er det ultimative våben mod invasionen af GPS-prikker.

Imagine, for example, you're being tracked.

Forestil jer at I bliver sporet.

Well, you can play the tracker for a fool,

Så kan I spille sporingen et puds,

pretending to be at work when you're really on vacation.

ved at lade som om i er på arbejde, mens I er på ferie.

Or, if you're Carol, you could lure your ex-boyfriend

Eller, hvis I som Carol, I kunne narre jeres ekskæreste

into some empty parking lot

ind i et tomt parkeringshus

where the police are waiting for him.

hvor politiet venter på ham.

So I'm fascinated by this conflict, a looming conflict,

Så jeg er fascineret af denne konflikt, en forestående konflikt,

between privacy on the one hand

mellem privatlivets fred på den ene hånd

and the need for a clean radio spectrum on the other.

og behovet for et rent radiospektrum på den anden.

We simply cannot tolerate GPS jammers and spoofers,

Vi kan simpelt hen ikke tolerere GPS jamming og forfalskere,

and yet, given the lack of effective legal means

og samtidigt, på grund af manglen på effektive lovlige mider

for protecting our privacy from the GPS dot,

for at beskytte privatlivet mod GPS-prikken,

can you really blame people for wanting to turn them on,

kan du så rigtigt bebrejde folk for at bruge dem,

for wanting to use them?

for at ønske at bruge dem?

I hold out hope that we'll be able to reconcile

Jeg har det håb at vi kan blive istand til at bilægge

this conflict with some sort of,

denne konflikt med en slags

some yet uninvented technology.

endnu ikke opfundet teknologi.

But meanwhile, grab some popcorn,

Men i mellemtiden, tag nogle popcorn,

because things are going to get interesting.

for tingene begynder at blive interessante.

Within the next few years,

Indenfor de næste få år

many of you will be the proud owner of a GPS dot.

vil mange af jer blive de stolte ejere af en GPS-prik.

Maybe you'll have a whole bag full of them.

Måske vil I have en pose fuld af dem.

You'll never lose track of your things again.

I vil aldrig forputte jeres ting igen.

The GPS dot will fundamentally reorder your life.

GPS-prikken vil fundamentalt omforme jeres liv.

But will you be able to resist the temptation

Men vil I være i stand til at modstå fristelsen

to track your fellow man?

til at spore jeres næste?

Or will you be able to resist the temptation

Eller vil være istand til at modstå fristelsen

to turn on a GPS spoofer or a Wave Bubble

til at tænde for en GPS-forfalsker eller en BølgeBoble

to protect your own privacy?

for at beskytte jeres privatliv?

So, as usual, what we see just beyond the horizon

Så som sædvanligt, hvad vi ser under horisonten

is full of promise and peril.

er fuldt af løfter og farer.

It'll be fascinating to see how this all turns out.

Det vil være fascinerende at se hvordan det ender.

Thanks. (Applause)

Tak. (Bifald)