Todd Humphreys: How to fool a GPS

15,802 views ใƒป 2015-07-15

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

00:00
Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast
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ืžืชืจื’ื: Shlomo Adam ืžื‘ืงืจ: Orr Schlesinger
00:13
Something happened in the early morning hours
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ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื”ืชืจื—ืฉ ื‘ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื”ืžื•ืงื“ืžื•ืช
00:16
of May 2nd, 2000, that had a profound effect
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ืฉืœ ื”-2 ื‘ืžืื™ 2000, ื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืžื•ืงื•ืช
00:19
on the way our society operates.
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ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ื• ืคื•ืขืœืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืœื ื•.
00:22
Ironically, hardly anyone noticed at the time.
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ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืื™ืจื•ื ื™ื”, ื‘ืงื•ืฉื™ ื”ืฉื’ื—ื ื• ื‘ื›ืš.
00:25
The change was silent, imperceptible,
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ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื™ื” ื—ืจื™ืฉื™ ื•ื‘ืœืชื™-ื ืชืคืก,
00:28
unless you knew exactly what to look for.
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ืืœื ืื ื™ื“ืขืชื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื” ืืชื ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื.
00:30
On that morning, U.S. President Bill Clinton
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ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื•ืงืจ, ื ืฉื™ื ืืจื”"ื‘, ื‘ื™ืœ ืงืœื™ื ื˜ื•ืŸ,
00:33
ordered that a special switch be thrown
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ื”ื•ืจื” ืœื”ืจื™ื ืžืชื’ ืžืกื•ื™ื
00:35
in the orbiting satellites of the Global Positioning System.
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ื‘ืœื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช ืฉืžืงื™ืคื™ื ืืช ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ.
00:39
Instantaneously, every civilian GPS receiver
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ื•ื‘ื•-ื‘ืจื’ืข ื›ืœ ืžืงืœื˜ ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก ืื–ืจื—ื™ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ื•ืก
00:42
around the globe went from errors the size of a football field
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ืขื‘ืจ ืžืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืกื“ืจ-ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœ ืžื’ืจืฉ ื›ื“ื•ืจื’ืœ
00:47
to errors the size of a small room.
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ืœืฉื’ื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืกื“ืจ-ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœ ื—ื“ืจ ืงื˜ืŸ.
00:54
It's hard to overstate the effect that this change
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ืงืฉื” ืœื”ืคืจื™ื– ื‘ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื–ื”
00:58
in accuracy has had on us.
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ื‘ืจืžืช-ื”ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœื™ื ื•.
01:00
Before this switch was thrown, we didn't have
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ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืจืžืช ืื•ืชื• ืžืชื’ ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื•
01:02
in-car navigation systems giving turn-by-turn
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ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ื‘ืจื›ื‘ ืฉืกื™ืคืงื• ืœื ื• ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืคื ื™ื”-ืื—ืจ-ืคื ื™ื”
01:05
directions, because back then, GPS couldn't tell you
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ื›ื™ ื‘ืื•ืชื ื™ืžื™ื ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื ื™ื›ืœื” ืœื–ื”ื•ืช
01:07
what block you were on, let alone what street.
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ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ืฉื›ื•ื ื” ื ืžืฆืื™ื, ืฉืœื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืจื—ื•ื‘ ื”ืžืกื•ื™ื.
01:10
For geolocation, accuracy matters,
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ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™, ื”ื“ื™ื•ืง ื—ืฉื•ื‘,
01:13
and things have only improved over the last 10 years.
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ื•ื”ืžืฆื‘ ืจืง ื”ืฉืชืคืจ ื‘-10 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช:
01:16
With more base stations, more ground stations,
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ื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืชื—ื ื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ืก, ื™ื•ืชืจ ืชื—ื ื•ืช ืงืจืงืขื™ื•ืช,
01:19
better receivers and better algorithms,
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ืžืงืœื˜ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืืœื’ื•ืจื™ืชืžื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ,
01:22
GPS can now not only tell you what street you are on,
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ื•ื”ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื ืจืง ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ืจื—ื•ื‘ ื ืžืฆืื™ื,
01:25
but what part of the street.
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ืืœื ื’ื ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ื—ืœืง ืฉืœ ื”ืจื—ื•ื‘.
01:29
This level of accuracy
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ืจืžืช ื“ื™ื•ืง ื–ื•
01:31
has unleashed a firestorm of innovation.
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ื”ืฆื™ืชื” ืกื•ืคืช-ืืฉ ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ื.
01:34
In fact, many of you navigated here today
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื›ื ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ืชื ื”ื™ื•ื ืœื›ืืŸ
01:37
with the help of your TomTom or your smartphone.
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ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ ื”ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืื• ื”ืกืžืืจื˜ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืœื›ื.
01:41
Paper maps are becoming obsolete.
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ืžืคื•ืช ื”ื ื™ื™ืจ ื”ื•ืคื›ื•ืช ืžื™ื•ืฉื ื•ืช.
01:44
But we now stand on the verge of another revolution
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ืืš ื›ืขืช ืื ื• ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืขืœ ืกืฃ ืžื”ืคื›ื” ื—ื“ืฉื”
01:48
in geolocation accuracy.
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ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ืื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™.
01:50
What if I told you that the two-meter positioning
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ืžื” ื“ืขืชื›ื ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื”ืื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ 2 ื”ืžื˜ืจื™ื
01:53
that our current cell phones and our TomToms give us
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ืฉื”ื˜ืœืคื•ื ื™ื ื”ื ื™ื™ื“ื™ื ื•ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืฉืœื ื• ืžืกืคืงื™ื ืœื ื•
01:56
is pathetic compared to what we could be getting?
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ื”ื•ื ืขืœื•ื‘ ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœืžื” ืฉื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืžืฉื™ื’ื™ื?
02:00
For some time now, it's been known that if you pay attention
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ื™ื“ื•ืข ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื–ื” ื–ืžืŸ-ืžื”, ืฉืื ืชืฉื™ืžื• ืœื‘
02:03
to the carrier phase of the GPS signal,
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ืœืคืื–ื” ื”ื ื•ืฉืืช ืฉืœ ืื•ืช ื”ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก,
02:05
and if you have an Internet connection,
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ื•ืื ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืจืฉืช,
02:08
then you can go from meter level to centimeter level,
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืจืžืช ื”ืžื˜ืจ ืœืจืžืช ื”ืกื ื˜ื™ืžื˜ืจ,
02:11
even millimeter-level positioning.
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ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ืžื™ืœื™ืžื˜ืจ.
02:14
So why don't we have this capability on our phones?
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ืื– ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ื˜ืœืคื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ืœื ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœื›ืš?
02:17
Only, I believe, for a lack of imagination.
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ืœื“ืขืชื™, ืจืง ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืขื“ืจ ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ.
02:21
Manufacturers haven't built this carrier phase technique
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ื”ื™ืฆืจื ื™ื ืœื ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื• ืืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ืคืื–ื” ื”ื ื•ืฉืืช ื”ื–ื•
02:24
into their cheap GPS chips
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ืœืฉื‘ื‘ื™ ื”ืื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœื”ื
02:27
because they're not sure what the general public would do
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ื›ื™ ืœื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœื”ื ืžื” ื™ืขืฉื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืจื—ื‘
02:29
with geolocation so accurate that you could pinpoint
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ืขื ืื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืขื•ืœืžื™ ื›ื” ืžื“ื•ื™ืง, ืขื“ ืฉื‘ื›ื•ื—ื• ืœื”ืชื‘ื™ื™ืช
02:32
the wrinkles in the palm of your hand.
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ืขืœ ื”ืงืžื˜ื™ื ืฉื‘ื›ืฃ-ื™ื“ื›ื.
02:36
But you and I and other innovators,
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ืืš ืืชื ื•ืื ื™, ื•ืžืžืฆื™ืื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื,
02:38
we can see the potential in this next leap in accuracy.
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ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ื”ื’ืœื•ื ื‘ืงืคื™ืฆืช-ื“ื™ื•ืง ื–ื•.
02:43
Imagine, for example, an augmented reality app
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ืชืืจื• ืœืขืฆืžื›ื, ืœืžืฉืœ, ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื•ืŸ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืžื•ื’ื‘ืจืช
02:45
that overlays a virtual world to millimeter-level precision
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ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืจื•ื‘ื“ ืขื•ืœื ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืืœื™ ื‘ืจืžืช-ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื™ืœื™ืžื˜ืจื™ืช
02:49
on top of the physical world.
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ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืžืฉื™.
02:51
I could build for you a structure up here in 3D,
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ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืœื›ื ื›ืืŸ ืžื‘ื ื” ืชืœืช-ืžื™ืžื“ื™
02:54
millimeter accurate, that only you could see,
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ื‘ืจืžืช-ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื™ืœื™ืžื˜ืจื™ืช, ืฉืจืง ืืชื ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืจื•ืื™ื,
02:56
or my friends at home.
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ืื• ืจืง ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช.
02:59
So this level of positioning, this is what we're looking for,
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ื•ื–ื• ืจืžืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ืง ืฉืื ื• ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื,
03:03
and I believe that, within the next few years, I predict,
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉืชื•ืš ืฉื ื™ื ืžืกืคืจ, ื›ืš ืื ื™ ืฆื•ืคื”,
03:07
that this kind of hyper-precise, carrier phase-based positioning
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ืกื•ื’ ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื“ื™ื•ืง-ืขืœ ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืคืื–ื” ื ื•ืฉืืช
03:12
will become cheap and ubiquitous,
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ื™ื™ืขืฉื” ื–ื•ืœ ื•ื ืคื•ืฅ,
03:16
and the consequences will be fantastic.
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ื•ื”ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ืชื”ื™ื™ื ื” ื“ืžื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช.
03:18
The Holy Grail, of course, is the GPS dot.
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ื”ื’ื‘ื™ืข ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื•ื ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก.
03:23
Do you remember the movie "The Da Vinci Code?"
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ื”ืื ืืชื ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ "ืฆื•ืคืŸ ื“ื”-ื•ื™ื ืฆ'ื™"?
03:25
Here's Professor Langdon examining a GPS dot,
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ื–ื”ื• ืคืจื•ืคืกื•ืจ ืœื ื’ื“ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก,
03:29
which his accomplice tells him is a tracking device
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ืฉืฉื•ืชืคืชื• ืื•ืžืจืช ืœื• ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ืชืงืŸ ืขื™ืงื•ื‘
03:32
accurate within two feet anywhere on the globe,
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ืฉืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœืืชืจ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืฉืœ 60 ืก"ืž ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื,
03:35
but we know that in the world of nonfiction,
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ืืš ืื ื• ื”ืจื™ ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืืžื™ืชื™
03:38
the GPS dot is impossible, right?
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ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก ืื™ื ื ื” ืืคืฉืจื™ืช, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
03:41
For one thing, GPS doesn't work indoors,
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ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ, ื”ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก ืคื•ืขืœ ืจืง ืชื—ืช ื›ื™ืคืช ื”ืฉืžื™ื™ื,
03:44
and for another, they don't make devices quite this small,
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ื•ืฉื ื™ืช, ืœื ืžื™ื™ืฆืจื™ื ื”ืชืงื ื™ื ื›ื” ืงื˜ื ื™ื,
03:47
especially when those devices have to relay
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ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื›ืฉื”ืชืงื ื™ื ืืœื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืฉื“ืจ
03:49
their measurements back over a network.
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ืืช ืžื“ื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ืจืฉืช.
03:52
Well, these objections were perfectly reasonable
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื”ื˜ื™ืขื•ื ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื”ื™ื• ืกื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืœื’ืžืจื™
03:55
a few years ago, but things have changed.
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ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืžื” ืฉื ื™ื, ืืš ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืฉืชื ื”.
03:58
There's been a strong trend toward miniaturization,
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ื™ืฉ ืžื’ืžื” ื—ื–ืงื” ืฉืœ ืžื™ื–ืขื•ืจ,
04:00
better sensitivity, so much so that, a few years ago,
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ื•ืฉืœ ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื•ืคืจืช, ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืฉืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ื™ื ืžืกืคืจ
04:04
a GPS tracking device looked like this clunky box
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ื”ืชืงืŸ ืขื™ืงื•ื‘ ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก ื ืจืื” ื›ืžื• ื”ืงื•ืคืกื” ื”ืžืกื•ืจื‘ืœืช ื”ื–ื•
04:07
to the left of the keys.
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ืฉืžืฉืžืืœ ืœืžืคืชื—ื•ืช.
04:09
Compare that with the device released just months ago
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ื”ืฉื•ื• ืื•ืชื• ืœื”ืชืงืŸ ืฉื™ืฆื ืœืคื ื™ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืกืคื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“,
04:12
that's now packaged into something the size of a key fob,
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ืืจื•ื– ื‘ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืžื—ื–ื™ืง-ืžืคืชื—ื•ืช,
04:15
and if you take a look at the state of the art
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ื•ืื ืชืกืชื›ืœื• ืขืœ ืžืงืœื˜ ื”ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก
04:18
for a complete GPS receiver, which is only a centimeter
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ื”ื—ื“ืฉื ื™ ื•ื”ืฉืœื, ืฉืขื•ื‘ื™ื• ืจืง ืก"ืž ืื—ื“
04:21
on a side and more sensitive than ever,
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื™-ืคืขื,
04:23
you realize that the GPS dot will soon move
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ืชื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก ืขื•ืžื“ืช ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ
04:26
from fiction to nonfiction.
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ืžืชื—ื•ื ื”ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช.
04:31
Imagine what we could do with a world full of GPS dots.
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ืชืืจื• ืœืขืฆืžื›ื ืžื” ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืฉื”ืขื•ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืœื ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก.
04:35
It's not just that you'll never lose your wallet or your keys
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ืœื ืจืง ืฉืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืชืื‘ื“ื• ืืช ื”ืืจื ืง ืื• ื”ืžืคืชื—ื•ืช,
04:38
anymore, or your child when you're at Disneyland.
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ืื• ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ ื‘"ื“ื™ืกื ื™ืœื ื“",
04:42
You'll buy GPS dots in bulk, and you'll stick them on
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ืืœื ื’ื ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืงื ื•ืช ื—ื‘ื™ืœืช ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ื“ื‘ื™ืง ืื•ืชืŸ
04:46
everything you own worth more than a few tens of dollars.
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ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืคืจื™ื˜-ืจื›ื•ืฉ ืฉืœื›ื ืฉืฉื•ื•ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืžื” ืขืฉืจื•ืช ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื.
04:50
I couldn't find my shoes one recent morning,
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ื‘ื•ืงืจ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื”ืฆืœื—ืชื™ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื ืขืœื™,
04:53
and, as usual, had to ask my wife if she had seen them.
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ื•ื›ืจื’ื™ืœ ืฉืืœืชื™ ืืช ืืฉืชื™ ืื ืจืืชื” ืื•ืชืŸ.
04:56
But I shouldn't have to bother my wife with that kind of triviality.
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ืืš ืื™ื ื ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื˜ืจื™ื“ ืืช ืืฉืชื™ ืขื ืฉื˜ื•ื™ื•ืช ื›ืืœื”.
05:00
I should be able to ask my house where my shoes are.
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ืขืœื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื ืขืœื™.
05:02
(Laughter)
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[ืฆื—ื•ืง]
05:05
Those of you who have made the switch to Gmail,
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ืืœื• ืžื›ื ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ืœ"ื’'ื™ืžื™ื™ืœ",
05:08
remember how refreshing it was to go from
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ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื ื›ืžื” ืžืจืขื ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ
05:11
organizing all of your email to simply searching it.
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ืžืื™ืจื’ื•ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื•ืืจ ืฉืœื›ื ืœื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืื—ืจื™ื•.
05:15
The GPS dot will do the same for our possessions.
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ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก ืชืขืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืจื›ื•ืฉื ื•.
05:20
Now, of course, there is a flip side to the GPS dot.
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ืืš ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ื’ื ืฆื“ ืฉื ื™ ืœืžื˜ื‘ืข.
05:24
I was in my office some months back
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ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืžื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ืฉืœื™
05:27
and got a telephone call.
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ื•ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฉื™ื—ืช ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ.
05:29
The woman on the other end of the line, we'll call her Carol,
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ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื‘ืฆื“ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืงื• - ื ื›ื ื” ืื•ืชื” ืงืจื•ืœ -
05:33
was panicked.
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ื”ื™ืชื” ืžื‘ื•ื”ืœืช.
05:35
Apparently, an ex-boyfriend of Carol's from California
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ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื—ื‘ืจ-ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ืงืจื•ืœ, ืžืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื”,
05:38
had found her in Texas and was following her around.
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ืื™ืชืจ ืื•ืชื” ื‘ื˜ืงืกืก ื•ืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจื™ื”,
05:41
So you might ask at this point why she's calling you.
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ืื•ืœื™ ืืชื ืชื•ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ื™ื ื”ืชืงืฉืจื” ืืœื™,
05:45
Well, so did I.
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ื’ื ืื ื™ ืชื”ื™ืชื™.
05:46
But it turned out there was a technical twist to Carol's case.
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ืืš ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื”ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ ืงืจื•ืœ ืฉื•ื ื” ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื˜ื›ื ื™ืช.
05:50
Every time her ex-boyfriend would show up,
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉื”ื—ื‘ืจ-ืฉืœืขื‘ืจ ื”ื•ืคื™ืข,
05:53
at the most improbable times and the most improbable locations,
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ื‘ื–ืžื ื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ืœื-ืกื‘ื™ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ ืœื-ืกื‘ื™ืจื™ื,
05:57
he was carrying an open laptop,
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ืžื—ืฉื‘ ื ื™ื™ื“ ืคืชื•ื—,
06:00
and over time Carol realized that he had planted
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ื•ืขื ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืงืจื•ืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืฉืชืœ
06:03
a GPS tracking device on her car,
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ื”ืชืงืŸ ืขื™ืงื•ื‘ ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืชื”,
06:05
so she was calling me for help to disable it.
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืื›ืŸ ื”ืชืงืฉืจื” ืืœื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื” ืœื ื˜ืจืœ ืื•ืชื•.
06:08
"Well, you should go to a good mechanic
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"ื›ื“ืื™ ืฉืชืœื›ื™ ืœืžื›ื•ื ืื™ ื˜ื•ื‘
06:10
and have him look at your car," I said.
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ืฉื™ื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืชืš," ืืžืจืชื™.
06:14
"I already have," she told me.
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"ื›ื‘ืจ ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ื–ืืช," ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื”.
06:16
"He didn't see anything obvious,
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"ื”ื•ื ืœื ืžืฆื ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ืจื•ืจ,
06:18
and he said he'd have to take the car apart piece by piece."
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ื•ืืžืจ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœืคืจืง ื—ืœืง ืื—ืจื™ ื—ืœืง."
06:22
"Well then, you'd better go to the police," I said.
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"ืื– ื›ื“ืื™ ืฉืชืคื ื™ ืœืžืฉื˜ืจื”," ืืžืจืชื™.
06:25
"I already have," she replied.
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"ื›ื‘ืจ ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ื–ืืช," ื”ื™ื ืขื ืชื”.
06:28
"They're not sure this rises to the level of harassment,
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"ืœื“ืขืชื ื–ื” ืœื ืžื’ื™ืข ืœืจืžืช ื”ื˜ืจื“ื”,
06:31
and they're not set up technically to find the device."
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ื•ื”ื ืœื ืขืจื•ื›ื™ื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื˜ื›ื ื™ืช ืœืืชืจ ืืช ื”ื”ืชืงืŸ."
06:35
"Okay, what about the FBI?"
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"ื˜ื•ื‘, ืื– ืžื” ืขื ื”ื‘ื•ืœืฉืช ื”ืคื“ืจืœื™ืช?"
06:36
"I've talked to them too, and same story."
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"ืคื ื™ืชื™ ื’ื ืืœื™ื”ื. ืื•ืชื• ืกื™ืคื•ืจ."
06:40
We then talked about her coming to my lab
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ืื– ื“ื™ื‘ืจื ื• ืขืœ ื–ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืชื‘ื•ื ืœืžืขื‘ื“ื” ืฉืœื™
06:42
and us performing a radio sweep of her car,
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ื•ืฉื ื‘ืฆืข ืกืจื™ืงืช ื’ืœื™-ืจื“ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœื”,
06:45
but I wasn't even sure that would work,
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ืื‘ืœ ืืžืจืชื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืœื ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืื ืืคื™ืœื• ื–ื” ื™ืฆืœื™ื—,
06:47
given that some of these devices are configured
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ื‘ื”ื™ื ืชืŸ ืฉื›ืžื” ืžื”ื”ืชืงื ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืžื›ื•ื•ื ื™ื
06:49
to only transmit when they're inside safe zones
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ืœืฉื“ืจ ืจืง ื›ืฉื”ื ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื
06:51
or when the car is moving.
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ืื• ื›ืฉื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื”.
06:55
So, there we were.
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ืื– ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžืฆื‘.
06:56
Carol isn't the first, and certainly won't be the last,
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ืงืจื•ืœ ืื™ื ื ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉืœื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื”,
06:59
to find herself in this kind of fearsome environment,
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ืœืžืฆื•ื ืขืฆืžื” ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืžืคื—ื™ื“ื” ื›ื–ื•,
07:04
worrisome situation caused by GPS tracking.
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ื•ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืžื“ืื™ื’ ื›ื–ื”, ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืขื™ืงื•ื‘ ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก.
07:10
In fact, as I looked into her case,
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื›ืฉื‘ื“ืงืชื™ ืืช ื”ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœื”,
07:12
I discovered to my surprise that it's not clearly illegal
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ื’ื™ืœื™ืชื™ ืœื”ืคืชืขืชื™ ืฉืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื—ื•ืงื™ืช, ืœื ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื‘ืจื•ืจ
07:15
for you or me to put a tracking device on someone else's car.
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ืื ืืชื ืื• ืื ื™ ืจืฉืื™ื ืœื”ื ื™ื— ื”ืชืงืŸ ืขื™ืงื•ื‘ ื‘ืจื›ื‘ ืฉืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื•.
07:20
The Supreme Court ruled last month that a policeman
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ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืคืกืง ืœืคื ื™ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ, ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ืฉื•ื˜ืจ ืžืกื•ื™ื,
07:23
has to get a warrant if he wants to do prolonged tracking,
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ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืฆื• ืื ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื‘ืฆืข ืขื™ืงื•ื‘ ืžืชืžืฉืš,
07:28
but the law isn't clear about civilians doing this to one another,
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืง ืื™ื ื ื• ื‘ืจื•ืจ ื›ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืขื™ืงื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื,
07:31
so it's not just Big Brother we have to worry about,
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ื›ืš ืฉ"ื”ืื— ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ" ืื™ื ื ื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื“ืื™ื’ ืื•ืชื ื•,
07:34
but Big Neighbor. (Laughter)
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ืืœื ื’ื "ื”ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ". [ืฆื—ื•ืง]
07:37
There is one alternative that Carol could have taken,
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ื™ืฉ ื—ืœื•ืคื” ืื—ืช ืฉืงืจื•ืœ ื™ื›ืœื” ืœื ืฆืœ,
07:42
very effective. It's called the Wave Bubble.
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ื™ืขื™ืœื” ืžืื“, ื•ื”ื™ื ืงืจื•ื™ื” "ื‘ื•ืขืช ื”ื’ืœ".
07:48
It's an open-source GPS jammer,
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ื–ื”ื• ื”ืชืงืŸ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก ื‘ืขืœ ืงื•ื“ ืคืชื•ื—,
07:51
developed by Limor Fried,
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ืฉืคื•ืชื— ืข"ื™ ืœื™ืžื•ืจ ืคืจื™ื“,
07:53
a graduate student at MIT, and Limor calls it
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ื‘ื•ื’ืจืช ืชื•ืืจ ืฉื ื™ ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืกืฆ'ื•ืกื˜ืก, ื•ืœื™ืžื•ืจ ืžื›ื ื” ืื•ืชื•
07:57
"a tool for reclaiming our personal space."
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"ื›ืœื™-ืขื–ืจ ืœืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ื”ืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ืื™ืฉื™."
08:01
With a flip of the switch you create a bubble around you
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ื‘ื”ืจืžืช ืžืชื’ ืืชื ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื›ื ื‘ื•ืขื”
08:03
within which GPS signals can't reside.
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ืฉื‘ืชื•ื›ื” ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ืื•ืชื•ืช ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก.
08:05
They get drowned out by the bubble.
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ื”ื‘ื•ืขื” ืžื•ืฉื›ืช ืื•ืชื ื”ื—ื•ืฆื”.
08:08
And Limor designed this, in part, because, like Carol,
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ื•ืœื™ืžื•ืจ ืชื›ื ื ื” ืื•ืชื”, ื—ืœืงื™ืช ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื›ืžื• ืงืจื•ืœ,
08:11
she felt threatened by GPS tracking.
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ื’ื ื”ื™ื ื—ืฉื” ืžืื•ื™ื™ืžืช ืข"ื™ ืขื™ืงื•ื‘ ื”ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก.
08:14
Then she posted her design to the web,
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ื”ื™ื ื”ืขืœืชื” ืืช ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื” ืœืจืฉืช,
08:16
and if you don't have time to build your own,
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ื•ืื ืื™ืŸ ืœื›ื ื–ืžืŸ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืื•ืชื• ืœืขืฆืžื›ื,
08:20
you can buy one.
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงื ื•ืช ื”ืชืงืŸ ื›ื–ื”.
08:21
Chinese manufacturers now sell thousands
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ื™ืฆืจื ื™ื ืกื™ื ื™ื™ื ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื ืืœืคื™ื
08:23
of nearly identical devices on the Internet.
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ืฉืœ ื”ืชืงื ื™ื ื›ืžืขื˜ ื–ื”ื™ื ื‘ืจืฉืช.
08:27
So you might be thinking, the Wave Bubble sounds great.
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ืื•ืœื™ "ื‘ื•ืขืช ื”ื’ืœ" ื ืฉืžืขืช ืœื›ื ื›ืžื• ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืžืขื•ืœื”,
08:31
I should have one. Might come in handy if somebody ever puts a tracking device on my car.
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"ื›ื“ืื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ื›ื–ื”. ื–ื” ื™ื•ืขื™ืœ ืื ื™ืฆืžื™ื“ื• ื”ืชืงืŸ-ืขื™ืงื•ื‘ ืœืจื›ื‘ ืฉืœื™."
08:35
But you should be aware that its use is very much illegal
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ื“ืื™ ืฉืชื“ืขื• ืฉื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื• ื”ื•ื ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืคืœื™ืœื™
08:38
in the United States.
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ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช.
08:40
And why is that?
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ืžื“ื•ืข ื–ื” ื›ืš?
08:41
Well, because it's not a bubble at all.
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ื›ื™ ื–ื• ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืœื ื‘ื•ืขื”.
08:44
Its jamming signals don't stop at the edge
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ืื•ืชื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืชืงืŸ ืœื ื ืขืฆืจื™ื ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืชื™ื•
08:46
of your personal space or at the edge of your car.
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ืฉืœ ื”ืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœื›ื ืื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื›ื‘ ืฉืœื›ื.
08:49
They go on to jam innocent GPS receivers for miles around you. (Laughter)
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ื”ื ื™ืฉื‘ืฉื• ื’ื ืžืงืœื˜ื™ ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก ืชืžื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืจื“ื™ื•ืก ืฉืœ ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจื™ื. [ืฆื—ื•ืง]
08:55
Now, if you're Carol or Limor,
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ื•ืื ืืชื ืงืจื•ืœ ืื• ืœื™ืžื•ืจ,
08:58
or someone who feels threatened by GPS tracking,
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ืื• ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ืžืื•ื™ื ืข"ื™ ืขื™ืงื•ื‘ ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก,
09:01
it might not feel wrong to turn on a Wave Bubble,
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ืื•ืœื™ ืชื—ื•ืฉื• ืฉืžื•ืฆื“ืง ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ื”ืชืงืŸ "ื‘ื•ืขืช ื’ืœ",
09:04
but in fact, the results can be disastrous.
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ืืš ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื•ืช-ืืกื•ืŸ.
09:08
Imagine, for example, you're the captain of a cruise ship
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ืชืืจื• ืœืขืฆืžื›ื, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืฉืืชื ืงื‘ืจื ื™ื˜ ืฉืœ ืกืคื™ื ืช ื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื
09:11
trying to make your way through a thick fog
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ืฉืžื ืกื” ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื‘ืขืจืคืœ ื›ื‘ื“,
09:14
and some passenger in the back turns on a Wave Bubble.
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ื•ืื—ื“ ื”ื ื•ืกืขื™ื ืžืคืขื™ืœ "ื‘ื•ืขืช ื’ืœ".
09:17
All of a sudden your GPS readout goes blank,
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ืชืฆื•ื’ืช ื”ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก ืฉืœื›ื ืชื—ืฉื™ืš ื‘ื‘ืช-ืื—ืช,
09:20
and now it's just you and the fog
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ื•ื ื•ืชืจืชื ืจืง ืืชื ืžื•ืœ ื”ืขืจืคืœ
09:23
and whatever you can pull off the radar system
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ืขื ื”ื‘ืจื™ืจื” ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžื›"ื,
09:26
if you remember how to work it.
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ืื ืืชื ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื ืื™ืš ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื–ืืช.
09:29
They -- in fact, they don't update or upkeep lighthouses
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ืžืฉืคืจื™ื ืื• ืžืชื—ื–ืงื™ื ืžื’ื“ืœื•ืจื™ื,
09:35
anymore, and LORAN, the only backup to GPS,
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ื•ืžืขืจื›ืช "ืœื•ืจืืŸ" ืœื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืืจื•ืš-ื˜ื•ื•ื—, ื”ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก,
09:40
was discontinued last year.
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ื‘ื•ื˜ืœื” ื‘ืฉื ื” ืฉืขื‘ืจื”.
09:42
Our modern society has a special relationship with GPS.
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ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื™ืฉ ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื ืขื ื”ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก.
09:47
We're almost blindly reliant on it.
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ืื ื• ืžืกืชืžื›ื™ื ืขืœื™ื” ื›ืžืขื˜ ื‘ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ.
09:49
It's built deeply into our systems and infrastructure.
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ื”ื™ื ืžื•ื›ืœืœืช ืขื“ ืœืขื•ืžืง ืžืขืจื›ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื•ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืชื™ื ื•.
09:53
Some call it "the invisible utility."
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ื™ืฉ ื”ืžื›ื ื™ื ืื•ืชื” "ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื”ืกืžื•ื™".
09:57
So, turning on a Wave Bubble might not just cause inconvenience.
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ื›ืš ืฉื”ืคืขืœืช "ื‘ื•ืขืช ื”ื’ืœ" ืœื ืจืง ืชื™ืฆื•ืจ ืื™-ื ื•ื—ื•ืช,
10:00
It might be deadly.
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ืืœื ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืงื˜ืœื ื™ืช.
10:05
But as it turns out, for purposes of protecting your privacy
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ืืš ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉืžื˜ืขืžื™ ื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช
10:09
at the expense of general GPS reliability,
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ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช,
10:12
there's something even more potent
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ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื”ื• ืืคื™ืœื• ื—ื–ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ
10:15
and more subversive than a Wave Bubble,
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ื•ื—ืชืจื ื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ "ื‘ื•ืขืช ื”ื’ืœ",
10:18
and that is a GPS spoofer.
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ื•ื–ื• ื”ื˜ืขื™ื™ืช ื”ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก.
10:22
The idea behind the GPS spoofer is simple.
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ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ื˜ืขื™ื™ืช ื”ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก ืคืฉื•ื˜:
10:25
Instead of jamming the GPS signals, you fake them.
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœืฉื‘ืฉ ืื•ืชื•ืช ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก, ื”ื•ื ืžื–ื™ื™ืฃ ืื•ืชื.
10:29
You imitate them, and if you do it right, the device
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ื”ื•ื ืžื—ืงื” ืื•ืชื, ื•ืื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื–ืืช ื ื›ื•ืŸ,
10:32
you're attacking doesn't even know it's being spoofed.
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ื”ื”ืชืงืŸ ื”ืžื•ืชืงืฃ ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉืžื˜ืขื™ื ืื•ืชื•.
10:35
So let me show you how this works.
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ื”ื‘ื” ื•ืืจืื” ืœื›ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื–ื” ืคื•ืขืœ.
10:36
In any GPS receiver, there's a peak inside
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืœื˜ ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก ื™ืฉ ืฉื™ื-ื’ืœ
10:39
that corresponds to the authentic signals.
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ืฉืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืœืื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ืชื™.
10:42
These three red dots represent the tracking points
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ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ื•ืช ืืช ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืขื™ืงื•ื‘
10:45
that try to keep themselves centered on that peak.
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ื•ืžื ืกื•ืช ืœืžืจื›ื– ืืช ืขืฆืžืŸ ืขืœ ืฉื™ื-ื”ื’ืœ ื”ื–ื”.
10:47
But if you send in a fake GPS signal,
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ืืš ืื ืฉื•ืœื—ื™ื ืื•ืช ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก ืžื–ื•ื™ืฃ,
10:51
another peak pops up, and if you can get these two peaks
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ืžื•ืคื™ืข ืฉื™ื-ื’ืœ ื—ื“ืฉ, ื•ืžืชืงื‘ืœื™ื ืฉื ื™ ืฉื™ืื™-ื’ืœ
10:55
perfectly aligned, the tracking points can't tell the difference,
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ื—ื•ืคืคื™ื ืœื’ืžืจื™, ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืขื™ืงื•ื‘ ืœื ืจื•ืื•ืช ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ,
11:00
and they get hijacked by the stronger counterfeit signal,
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ื”ืŸ ื ืœื›ื“ื•ืช ืข"ื™ ื”ืื•ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ื™ืฃ, ื”ื—ื–ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ,
11:03
with the authentic peak getting forced off.
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ื•ืื™ืœื• ื”ืื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ื ื“ื—ืง ื”ืฆื™ื“ื”.
11:07
At this point, the game is over.
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ื•ื›ืืŸ ื–ื” ื ื’ืžืจ.
11:09
The fake signals now completely control this GPS receiver.
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ื”ืื•ืชื•ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ื™ื™ืคื™ื ืฉื•ืœื˜ื™ื ื›ืขืช ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื‘ืžืงืœื˜ ื”ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก.
11:13
So is this really possible?
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ื”ืื ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ืืคืฉืจื™?
11:14
Can someone really manipulate
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ื”ืื ื‘ืืžืช ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืœื”ืชืขืกืง
11:16
the timing and positioning of a GPS receiver
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ื‘ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืžื™ืงื•ื ืฉืœ ืžืงืœื˜ ื”ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก
11:18
just like that, with a spoofer?
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ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜, ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ ื”ื˜ืขื™ื”?
11:21
Well, the short answer is yes.
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ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ืงืฆืจื” ื”ื™ื: ื›ืŸ.
11:23
The key is that civil GPS signals
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ื”ืžืคืชื— ื›ืืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉืื•ืชื•ืช ื”ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™
11:26
are completely open.
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ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื ืœื’ืžืจื™.
11:27
They have no encryption. They have no authentication.
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ื”ื ืœื ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื•ื ื”ืฆืคื ื”. ื”ื ืœื ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื•ื ืื™ืžื•ืช.
11:31
They're wide open, vulnerable to a kind of spoofing attack.
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ื”ื ื—ืฉื•ืคื™ื ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื•ืคื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœื”ืชืงืคืช ื”ื˜ืขื™ื” ืžืขื™ืŸ ื–ื•.
11:34
Even so, up until very recently,
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ื’ื ื›ืš, ืขื“ ืžืžืฉ ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”,
11:37
nobody worried about GPS spoofers.
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ืื™ืฉ ืœื ื—ืฉืฉ ืžืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ ื”ื˜ืขื™ื™ืช ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก.
11:39
People figured that it would be too complex
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ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืฉื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืกื•ื‘ืš ืžื“ื™
11:41
or too expensive for some hacker to build one.
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ืื• ื™ืงืจ ืžื“ื™ ืœืคื•ืจืฅ-ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื™ืจืฆื” ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื›ื–ื”.
11:44
But I, and a friend of mine from graduate school,
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ืืš ืื ื™, ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื—ื‘ืจ ืžื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื”,
11:48
we didn't see it that way.
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ืœื ื—ืฉื‘ื ื• ื›ื›ื”.
11:50
We knew it wasn't going to be so hard,
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ื™ื“ืขื ื• ืฉื–ื” ืœื ืงืฉื” ืžื“ื™,
11:53
and we wanted to be the first to build one
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ื•ืจืฆื™ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉื™ื‘ื ื• ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ ื›ื–ื”
11:55
so we could get out in front of the problem
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืงื“ื™ื ืชืจื•ืคื” ืœืžื›ื”
11:57
and help protect against GPS spoofing.
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ื•ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื”ื’ื ื” ืžืคื ื™ ื”ื˜ืขื™ื™ืช ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก.
12:01
I remember vividly the week it all came together.
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ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื›ืœ ื ืขืฉื”.
12:04
We built it at my home, which means that
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ื‘ื ื™ื ื• ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืชื™, ื•ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ
12:08
I got a little extra help from my three-year-old son Ramon.
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ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ืงืฆืช ืขื–ืจื” ืžื‘ื ื™ ื‘ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื•ืฉ, ืจืžื•ืŸ.
12:12
Here's Ramon โ€” (Laughter) โ€”
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ื–ื”ื• ืจืžื•ืŸ -- [ืฆื—ื•ืง]
12:14
looking for a little attention from Dad that week.
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ืฉื‘ืื•ืชื• ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืจืฆื” ืฉืื‘ื™ื• ื™ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื• ืงืฆืช.
12:18
At first, the spoofer was just a jumble of cables
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ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื”, ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ ื”ื”ื˜ืขื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ื” ืกืชื ืกื‘ืš ืฉืœ ื›ื‘ืœื™ื ื•ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื,
12:20
and computers, though we eventually got it packaged
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ืื ื›ื™ ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืืจื–ื ื• ืื•ืชื•
12:23
into a small box.
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ื‘ืชื™ื‘ื” ืงื˜ื ื”.
12:25
Now, the Dr. Frankenstein moment,
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ืฉืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื“"ืจ ืคืจื ืงื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ,
12:28
when the spoofer finally came alive
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ื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ ื”ื”ื˜ืขื™ื™ื” ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจ ืœื—ื™ื™ื
12:30
and I glimpsed its awful potential,
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ื•ื–ื›ื™ืชื™ ืœื”ืฆืฆื” ืœืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ื”ื ื•ืจื ื”ื’ืœื•ื ื‘ื•,
12:33
came late one night when I tested the spoofer
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ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืœื™ืœื” ืื—ื“ ื‘ืฉืขื” ืžืื•ื—ืจืช, ื›ืฉื‘ื—ื ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ
12:36
against my iPhone.
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ื ื’ื“ ื”"ืื™ื™ืคื•ืŸ" ืฉืœื™.
12:38
Let me show you some actual footage from that
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ืืจืื” ืœื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืงืฆืจ ืฉืœ ืžื” ืฉืงืจื” ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ
12:40
very first experiment.
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ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื ื™ืกื•ื™ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ.
12:41
I had come to completely trust this little blue dot
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ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ืืžื•ืŸ ืžืœื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืกืžืŸ ื›ื—ื•ืœ ื•ืงื˜ืŸ
12:45
and its reassuring blue halo.
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ื•ื‘ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื”ื›ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืžืจื’ื™ืข ืฉืœื•.
12:47
They seemed to speak to me.
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ื”ื ื›ืื™ืœื• ื“ื™ื‘ืจื• ืืœื™,
12:48
They'd say, "Here you are. Here you are." (Laughter)
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ื•ืืžืจื•, "ื”ื ื” ืืชื”. ื”ื ื” ืืชื”, [ืฆื—ื•ืง]
12:52
And "you can trust us."
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ืกืžื•ืš ืขืœื™ื ื•."
12:55
So something felt very wrong about the world.
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ื›ืš ืฉื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ื›ืื™ืœื• ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืžืฉืชื‘ืฉ ื ื•ืจืื•ืช.
13:00
It was a sense, almost, of betrayal,
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ื–ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื›ืžืขื˜ ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื’ื™ื“ื”,
13:03
when this little blue dot started at my house,
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ื›ืฉื”ืกืžืŸ ื”ื›ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืงื˜ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื™ืฆื ืžื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื™,
13:07
and went running off toward the north
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ื”ื—ืœ ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืฆืคื•ื ื”
13:09
leaving me behind. I wasn't moving.
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ื•ื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืื•ืชื™ ืžืื—ื•ืจ. ืœื ื–ื–ืชื™ ืžื”ืžืงื•ื.
13:13
What I then saw in this little moving blue dot
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ื•ืื– ืจืื™ืชื™ ื‘ืชื ื•ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืกืžืŸ ื”ื›ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืงื˜ืŸ
13:17
was the potential for chaos.
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ืืช ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ืœืชื•ื”ื• ื•ื‘ื•ื”ื•.
13:20
I saw airplanes and ships veering off course, with the captain
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ืจืื™ืชื™ ืžื˜ื•ืกื™ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื•ืช ืกื•ื˜ื™ื ืžื ืชื™ื‘ื, ื›ืฉื”ืงื‘ืจื ื™ื˜ื™ื
13:24
learning only too late that something was wrong.
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ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ื ืœื“ืขืช ืžืื•ื—ืจ ืžื“ื™ ืฉืžืฉื”ื• ื”ืฉืชื‘ืฉ.
13:28
I saw the GPS-derived timing
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ืจืื™ืชื™ ืืช ืฉืขื•ืŸ ื”ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก
13:31
of the New York Stock Exchange
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ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื•ืจืกื” ื‘ื ื™ื•-ื™ื•ืจืง
13:32
being manipulated by hackers.
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ืžื ื•ื”ืœ ืข"ื™ ืคื•ืจืฆื™-ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื.
13:34
You can scarcely imagine the kind of havoc
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ืืคืฉืจ ืจืง ื‘ืงื•ืฉื™ ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื–ื” ืžื™ืŸ ืื ื“ืจืœืžื•ืกื™ื”
13:37
you could cause if you knew what you were doing
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ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื—ื•ืœืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื” ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืฉื”
13:40
with a GPS spoofer.
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ืขื ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ ื”ื˜ืขื™ื™ืช ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก.
13:43
There is, though, one redeeming feature
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ืืš ื™ืฉ ืคื™ืฆื•ื™ ืื—ื“
13:48
of the GPS spoofer.
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ืฉื ื•ืชืŸ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ ื”ื”ื˜ืขื™ื™ื”.
13:51
It's the ultimate weapon against an invasion of GPS dots.
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ื–ื”ื• ื”ื ืฉืง ื”ืกื•ืคื™ ื ื’ื“ ืคืœื™ืฉืช ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก.
13:55
Imagine, for example, you're being tracked.
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ืชืืจื• ืœืขืฆืžื›ื ืฉืืชื ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืœืžืขืงื‘.
13:59
Well, you can play the tracker for a fool,
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ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืฉื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืงื‘,
14:01
pretending to be at work when you're really on vacation.
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ืœื”ืชื—ื–ื•ืช ื›ืื™ืœื• ืืชื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ืฉืืชื ื‘ืขืฆื ื‘ื—ื•ืคืฉื”.
14:04
Or, if you're Carol, you could lure your ex-boyfriend
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ืื•, ื›ืžื• ืงืจื•ืœ, ืœืžืฉื•ืš ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจ-ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ
14:07
into some empty parking lot
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ืœืื™ื–ื” ืžื’ืจืฉ-ื—ื ื™ื” ืจื™ืง
14:08
where the police are waiting for him.
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ืฉื‘ื• ืชืืจื•ื‘ ืœื• ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื”.
14:10
So I'm fascinated by this conflict, a looming conflict,
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ื”ืกืชื™ืจื” ื”ื–ื• ืžืจืชืงืช ืื•ืชื™, ื”ืกืชื™ืจื” ืฉืžืชืขื•ืจืจืช
14:16
between privacy on the one hand
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช, ืžืฆื“ ืื—ื“,
14:18
and the need for a clean radio spectrum on the other.
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ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืงืœื™ื˜ื” ื ืงื™ื” ืฉืœ ื’ืœื™-ืจื“ื™ื•, ืžืฆื“ ืฉื ื™.
14:22
We simply cannot tolerate GPS jammers and spoofers,
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ืื ื• ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืกื‘ื•ืœ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื•ื”ื˜ืขื™ื™ืช ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก,
14:25
and yet, given the lack of effective legal means
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ืืš ื‘ื”ืขื“ืจ ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื—ื•ืงื™ื™ื ื™ืขื™ืœื™ื
14:29
for protecting our privacy from the GPS dot,
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ืœื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืชื ื• ืžืคื ื™ ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก,
14:33
can you really blame people for wanting to turn them on,
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ื”ืื ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืืฉื™ื ืืช ืžื™ ืฉืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืืœื”,
14:35
for wanting to use them?
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ื•ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื”ื?
14:38
I hold out hope that we'll be able to reconcile
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ืชืงื•ื•ืชื™ ื”ื™ื ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื™ื™ืฉื‘
14:41
this conflict with some sort of,
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ืืช ื”ืกืชื™ืจื” ื”ื–ื• ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื›ืœืฉื”ื™,
14:44
some yet uninvented technology.
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ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืฉื˜ืจื ื”ื•ืžืฆืื”.
14:49
But meanwhile, grab some popcorn,
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ื•ื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื, ืงื—ื• ืงืฆืช ืคื•ืคืงื•ืจืŸ,
14:52
because things are going to get interesting.
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ื›ื™ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ืขื•ืžื“ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ.
14:54
Within the next few years,
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ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช
14:56
many of you will be the proud owner of a GPS dot.
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ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื›ื ืชื”ื™ื• ื‘ืขืœื™ื ื’ืื™ื ืฉืœ ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก.
15:00
Maybe you'll have a whole bag full of them.
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ืื•ืœื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ืชื”ื™ื” ืœื›ื ืฉืงื™ืช ืžืœืื” ื‘ื”ื.
15:02
You'll never lose track of your things again.
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ืœื”ื‘ื, ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ืชืื‘ื“ื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
15:06
The GPS dot will fundamentally reorder your life.
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ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก ืชืืจื’ืŸ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื›ื ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื•ืžืŸ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“
15:10
But will you be able to resist the temptation
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ืื•ืœื ื”ืื ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื™
15:13
to track your fellow man?
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ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื™ ื–ื•ืœืชื›ื?
15:16
Or will you be able to resist the temptation
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ื•ื”ืื ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื™
15:17
to turn on a GPS spoofer or a Wave Bubble
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ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ ื”ื˜ืขื™ื™ืช ื’'ื™-ืคื™-ืืก ืื• "ื‘ื•ืขืช ื’ืœ"
15:21
to protect your own privacy?
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืชื›ื?
15:23
So, as usual, what we see just beyond the horizon
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ืื– ื›ืžื• ืชืžื™ื“, ืžื” ืฉืžืฆืคื” ืœื ื• ืžืžืฉ ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืื•ืคืง
15:27
is full of promise and peril.
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ื”ื•ื ืžืœื ื‘ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื” ื•ื‘ืื™ื•ื.
15:30
It'll be fascinating to see how this all turns out.
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ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืจืชืง ืœืจืื•ืช ืื™ืš ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ืชื’ืœื’ืœื•.
15:34
Thanks. (Applause)
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ืชื•ื“ื”. [ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื]

Original video on YouTube.com
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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