Kimberley Motley: How I defend the rule of law | TED

165,806 views ・ 2014-10-27

TED


Molimo dvaput kliknite na engleski titl ispod za reprodukciju videa.

Translator: Adisa Ejubovic Reviewer: Nedžad Neziri
00:13
Let me tell you a story
0
13957
1561
Da vam ispričam jednu priču
00:15
about a little girl named Naghma.
1
15518
3206
o djevojčici Naghmi.
00:18
Naghma lived in a refugee camp
2
18724
1822
Naghma je živjela u izbjegličkom kampu
00:20
with her parents and her eight brothers and sisters.
3
20546
2879
sa roditeljima i njeno osmero braće i sestara.
00:23
Every morning, her father would wake up
4
23425
1936
Svako jutro njen bi se otac probudio
00:25
in the hopes he'd be picked for construction work,
5
25361
2440
u nadi da će ga izabrati za građevinskog radnika
00:27
and on a good month he would earn 50 dollars.
6
27801
3566
i uspješan mjesec bi mu donio zaradu od 50 $.
00:31
The winter was very harsh,
7
31367
1388
Ta zima je bila jako teška
00:32
and unfortunately, Naghma's brother died
8
32755
2684
i nažalost, Naghmin brat je umro
00:35
and her mother became very ill.
9
35439
1920
a majka se tešto razboljela.
00:37
In desperation, her father went to a neighbor
10
37359
2580
Očajan, njen otac je otišao susjedu
00:39
to borrow 2,500 dollars.
11
39939
2397
da pozajmi 2.500$
00:42
After several months of waiting,
12
42336
1914
Poslije nekoliko mjeseci čekanja,
00:44
the neighbor became very impatient,
13
44250
1517
susjed je postao nestrpljiv
00:45
and he demanded that he be paid back.
14
45767
2718
i zahtijevao isplatu duga.
00:48
Unfortunately, Naghma's father didn't have the money,
15
48485
2444
Nažalost, Naghmin otac nije imao taj novac
00:50
and so the two men agreed to a jirga.
16
50929
2835
pa su se njih dvojica dogovorila po zakonu džirge.
00:53
So simply put, a jirga is a form of mediation
17
53764
2530
Džirga je vrsta posredništva
00:56
that's used in Afghanistan's informal justice system.
18
56294
3240
koja se koristila u afganistanskog neformalnom pravosudnom sistemu.
00:59
It's usually presided over by religious leaders
19
59534
3454
Predsjedavajući je uglavnom neki religijski vođa
01:02
and village elders,
20
62988
1698
ili seoski starješina.
01:04
and jirgas are often used in rural countries like Afghanistan,
21
64686
3200
Džirge se često primjenjuju u ruralnim dijelovima Afganistana
01:07
where there's deep-seated resentment
22
67886
1851
gdje vlada uvriježeno nepovjerenje
01:09
against the formal system.
23
69737
2262
prema formalnom sistemu.
01:11
At the jirga, the men sat together
24
71999
2338
Na džirgi, dvojica muškaraca su sjela zajedno
01:14
and they decided that the best way to satisfy the debt
25
74337
2914
i odlučila da najbolji način za izmirivanje duga
01:17
would be if Naghma married the neighbor's 21-year-old son.
26
77251
4589
bude vjenčanje Naghme za susjedog 21-ogodišnjeg sina.
01:21
She was six.
27
81840
2660
Ona je imala 6 godina.
01:24
Now, stories like Naghma's unfortunately
28
84500
2065
Nažalost, priče poput Naghmine
01:26
are all too common,
29
86565
1688
su jako česte
01:28
and from the comforts of our home,
30
88253
1495
i iz ugosnosti našeg doma
01:29
we may look at these stories as another
31
89748
1755
ove priče posmatramo kao još jedan
01:31
crushing blow to women's rights.
32
91503
2260
razarajući udarac na ljudska prava.
01:33
And if you watched Afghanistan on the news,
33
93763
2531
Ako slušate o Afganistanu na vijestima,
01:36
you may have this view that it's a failed state.
34
96294
3699
steći ćete utisak da je država omanula.
01:39
However, Afghanistan does have a legal system,
35
99993
3816
Međutim, Afganistan ima pravosudni sistem,
01:43
and while jirgas are built on long-standing tribal customs,
36
103809
3862
i dok su džirge zasnovane na dugogodišnjim plemeskim običajima
01:47
even in jirgas, laws are supposed to be followed,
37
107671
3363
čak i u džirgi zakon treba da se poštuje.
01:51
and it goes without saying
38
111034
1928
Podrazumijeva se da
01:52
that giving a child to satisfy a debt
39
112962
2621
davanje djeteta kao izmiru duga
01:55
is not only grossly immoral, it's illegal.
40
115583
4066
ne samo da je nemoralno nego i ilegalno.
01:59
In 2008, I went to Afghanistan
41
119649
2527
G. 2008. otišla sam u Afganistan
02:02
for a justice funded program,
42
122176
2320
na program finansiran od strane sudstva.
02:04
and I went there originally on this nine-month program
43
124496
2707
Program je trajao 9 mjeseci i zadatak je bio
02:07
to train Afghan lawyers.
44
127203
1912
da obučim afganistanske advokate.
02:09
In that nine months, I went around the country
45
129115
2261
U tih 9 mjeseci obišla sam zemlju
02:11
and I talked to hundreds of people that were locked up,
46
131376
2936
i pričala sa stotinama zatvorenika
02:14
and I talked to many businesses
47
134312
1598
i mnogim poduzetnicima
02:15
that were also operating in Afghanistan.
48
135910
2530
koji su radili u Afganistanu.
02:18
And within these conversations,
49
138440
1344
Iz ovih razgovora
02:19
I started hearing the connections
50
139784
1871
čula sam o povezanosti
02:21
between the businesses and the people,
51
141655
1990
između poduzeća i ljudi
02:23
and how laws that were meant to protect them
52
143645
2070
i kako su zakoni koji bi trebalo da ih štite
02:25
were being underused,
53
145715
1701
bili nedovoljno primjenjivani
02:27
while gross and illegal punitive measures were overused.
54
147416
4058
dok su strašne i ilegalne kaznene mjere bile korštene previše.
02:31
And so this put me on a quest for justness,
55
151474
2824
To me je nagnalo na borbu za pravdu
02:34
and what justness means to me
56
154298
2722
a pravda za mene
02:37
is using laws for their intended purpose,
57
157020
3695
korištenje zakona u njegovu svrhu
02:40
which is to protect.
58
160715
2325
koja je zaštita.
02:43
The role of laws is to protect.
59
163040
3503
Uloga zakona je da štiti.
02:46
So as a result, I decided to open up a private practice,
60
166543
3715
Zbog toga sam odlučila da otvorim privatnu kancelariju
02:50
and I became the first foreigner to litigate
61
170258
2341
i postala prva strankinja koja je parničila
02:52
in Afghan courts.
62
172599
2216
u afganistanskim sudovima.
02:54
Throughout this time, I also studied many laws,
63
174815
2857
U toku ovog perioda proučila sam mnogo zakona,
02:57
I talked to many people,
64
177672
1530
pričala sa puno ljudi,
02:59
I read up on many cases,
65
179202
1171
pročitala puno slučajeva
03:00
and I found that the lack of justness
66
180373
2390
i zaključila da manjak pravde
03:02
is not just a problem in Afghanistan,
67
182763
1986
nije samo problem Afganistana
03:04
but it's a global problem.
68
184749
2321
nego je cijelog svijeta.
03:07
And while I originally shied away from
69
187070
1751
Iako sam prvenstveno zazirala
03:08
representing human rights cases
70
188821
2117
od zastupanja u slučajevima ljudskih prava
03:10
because I was really concerned about how it would
71
190938
2179
jer sam se brinula kako će se to
03:13
affect me both professionally and personally,
72
193117
2643
odraziti na mene i privatno i profesionalno,
03:15
I decided that the need for justness was so great
73
195760
2753
zaključila sam da je potreba za pravdom tolika
03:18
that I couldn't continue to ignore it.
74
198513
1871
da je jednostavno nisam mogla ignorisati.
03:20
And so I started representing people like Naghma
75
200384
2317
Tako sam počela da zastupam ljude poput Naghme
03:22
pro bono also.
76
202701
2456
besplatno.
03:25
Now, since I've been in Afghanistan
77
205157
1706
Od mog dolaska u Afganistan
03:26
and since I've been an attorney for over 10 years,
78
206863
2463
i u toku svoje 10-ogodišnje advokatske karijere
03:29
I've represented from CEOs of Fortune 500 companies
79
209326
3714
zastupala sam izvršne direktore najbogatijih kompanija,
03:33
to ambassadors to little girls like Naghma,
80
213040
2328
ambasadore i djevočice Nagme
03:35
and with much success.
81
215368
1550
i to veoma uspješno.
03:36
And the reason for my success is very simple:
82
216918
2915
Razlog mog uspjeha je bio jednostavan:
03:39
I work the system from the inside out
83
219833
2010
Radim detaljno u okviru sistema
03:41
and use the laws in the ways
84
221843
1419
i koristim zakone na način
03:43
that they're intended to be used.
85
223262
2736
na koji su namijenjeni da se upotrijebe.
03:45
I find that
86
225998
2122
Saznala sam da
03:48
achieving justness in places like Afghanistan
87
228120
3416
postizanje pravde u mjestima poput Afganistana
03:51
is difficult, and there's three reasons.
88
231536
2148
je teško iz 3 razloga.
03:53
The first reason is that simply put,
89
233684
2556
Prvi je vrlo jednostavan.
03:56
people are very uneducated as to what their legal rights were,
90
236240
3099
Ljudi ne znaju koja su njihova prava
03:59
and I find that this is a global problem.
91
239339
2591
i smatram da je to globalni problem.
04:01
The second issue
92
241930
1214
Drugi problem je taj da
04:03
is that even with laws on the books,
93
243144
3439
čak i uz zakone u knjigama
04:06
it's often superseded or ignored
94
246583
2265
njih prevazilaze ili ignorišu
04:08
by tribal customs, like in the first jirga
95
248848
2322
plemeski običaji, kao u prvoj džirgi
04:11
that sold Naghma off.
96
251170
1532
preko koje je Naghma prodata.
04:12
And the third problem with achieving justness
97
252702
2702
Treći problem u postizanju pravde
04:15
is that even with good, existing laws on the books,
98
255404
2812
je taj da čak i uz dobre postojeće zakone u knjigama
04:18
there aren't people or lawyers that are willing to fight
99
258216
2646
nema ljudi ili advokata koji su spremni da se bore
04:20
for those laws.
100
260862
1696
za te zakone.
04:22
And that's what I do: I use existing laws,
101
262558
2874
A to ja radim. Ja se služim
04:25
often unused laws,
102
265432
1799
često nekorištenim zakonima
04:27
and I work those to the benefits of my clients.
103
267231
3634
i stavljam ih u korist svojih klijenata.
04:30
We all need to create a global culture
104
270865
2548
Svi treba da stvorimo globalnu kulturu
04:33
of human rights
105
273413
1828
ljudskih prava
04:35
and be investors in a global human rights economy,
106
275241
2749
i uložimo u ekonomiju ljudskih prava.
04:37
and by working in this mindset,
107
277990
1767
Imajući ovo u vidu
04:39
we can significantly improve justice globally.
108
279757
2717
možemo značajno promijeniti globalnu pravednost.
04:42
Now let's get back to Naghma.
109
282474
2392
Vratimo se sada Naghmi.
04:44
Several people heard about this story,
110
284866
2399
Nekoliko ljudi je čulo za ovu priču
04:47
and so they contacted me because they wanted
111
287265
1525
i kontaktirali su me sa željom da
04:48
to pay the $2,500 debt.
112
288790
2565
plate dug od 2.500$.
04:51
And it's not just that simple;
113
291355
1861
To nije tako jednostavno.
04:53
you can't just throw money at this problem
114
293216
1782
Ne može se samo baciti novac na ovaj problem
04:54
and think that it's going to disappear.
115
294998
1153
i pomisliti da će da nestane.
04:56
That's not how it works in Afghanistan.
116
296151
2481
To tako ne funkcioniše u Afganistanu.
04:58
So I told them I'd get involved,
117
298632
3398
Rekla sam im da ću ja intervenisati,
05:02
but in order to get involved, what needed to happen
118
302030
2288
ali da bih to mogla, morala je da se održi
05:04
is a second jirga needed to be called,
119
304318
2823
druga džirga,
05:07
a jirga of appeals.
120
307141
2109
žalbena džirga.
05:09
And so in order for that to happen,
121
309250
2251
Kako bi se to desilo
05:11
we needed to get the village elders together,
122
311501
2705
morali smo da sazovemo seoske starješine,
05:14
we needed to get the tribal leaders together,
123
314206
2261
plemenske vođe
05:16
the religious leaders.
124
316467
1589
i religijske vođe.
05:18
Naghma's father needed to agree,
125
318056
1574
Naghmin otac je morao da se složi,
05:19
the neighbor needed to agree,
126
319630
1251
susjedi su morali da se slože,
05:20
and also his son needed to agree.
127
320881
2204
njegov sin je morao da se složi.
05:23
And I thought, if I'm going to get involved in this thing,
128
323085
4025
Pomislila sam, ako planiram da se umiješam,
05:27
then they also need to agree that I preside over it.
129
327110
3655
moraće da se slože da ja budem predsjedavajuća.
05:30
So, after hours of talking
130
330765
2970
Posije višesatnih pregovora
05:33
and tracking them down,
131
333735
1208
i traženja
05:34
and about 30 cups of tea,
132
334943
2863
i tridesetak šoljica čaja
05:37
they finally agreed that we could sit down
133
337806
1912
konačno su dozvolili da se održi
05:39
for a second jirga, and we did.
134
339718
3332
druga džirga, i tako je i bilo.
05:43
And what was different about the second jirga
135
343050
2084
Ono što je bilo drugačije kod druge džirge
05:45
is this time, we put the law at the center of it,
136
345134
2575
je to da su ovog puta zakoni stavljeni u središte
05:47
and it was very important for me
137
347709
1344
i bilo mi je jako važno
05:49
that they all understood that Naghma
138
349053
1758
da svi shvate da je Naghma
05:50
had a right to be protected.
139
350811
2339
imala pravo na zaštitu.
05:53
And at the end of this jirga,
140
353150
1546
Na kraju ove džirge,
05:54
it was ordered by the judge
141
354696
2293
sudija je naredio
05:56
that the first decision was erased,
142
356989
3836
da se prva odluka poništi
06:00
and that the $2,500 debt was satisfied,
143
360825
3432
i da se dug od 2.500$ izmiri.
06:04
and we all signed a written order
144
364257
1833
Svi smo potpisali rješenje
06:06
where all the men acknowledged
145
366090
1391
i svi su muškarci priznali
06:07
that what they did was illegal,
146
367481
2120
da je ono što su uradili bilo ilegalno
06:09
and if they did it again, that they would go to prison.
147
369601
4798
i da će završiti u zatvoru ako to ponove.
06:14
Most —
148
374399
1769
Naj...
06:16
(Applause)
149
376168
1468
(Aplauz)
06:17
Thanks.
150
377636
1847
Hvala.
06:19
And most importantly,
151
379483
1816
Najvažnije,
06:21
the engagement was terminated
152
381299
1501
zaruke su prekinute
06:22
and Naghma was free.
153
382800
2009
i Naghma je bila slobodna.
06:24
Protecting Naghma and her right to be free
154
384809
2857
Zaštita Naghme i njenog prava na slobodu
06:27
protects us.
155
387666
2634
štiti i nas.
06:30
Now, with my job, there's above-average
156
390300
3462
U mom poslu postoje
06:33
amount of risks that are involved.
157
393762
2743
iznadprosječni rizici.
06:36
I've been temporarily detained.
158
396505
2707
Privremeno sam bila privedena,
06:39
I've been accused of running a brothel,
159
399212
2593
optužena da vodim bordel,
06:41
accused of being a spy.
160
401805
2305
optužena da sam špijun.
06:44
I've had a grenade thrown at my office.
161
404110
2128
Granata mi je bačena na kancelariju.
06:46
It didn't go off, though.
162
406238
2699
Nije eksplodirala doduše.
06:48
But I find that with my job,
163
408937
1600
Ali smatram da u mom poslu
06:50
that the rewards far outweigh the risks,
164
410537
2966
nagrade prevazilaze rizike
06:53
and as many risks as I take,
165
413503
2374
i koliko god rizikovala
06:55
my clients take far greater risks,
166
415877
1969
moji klijenti rizikuju još više
06:57
because they have a lot more to lose
167
417846
1503
jer imaju puno toga da izgube
06:59
if their cases go unheard,
168
419349
1490
ako se ne čuje za njihove slučajeve
07:00
or worse, if they're penalized for having me as their lawyer.
169
420839
3123
ili još gore ako su kažnjeni što sam im ja advokat.
07:03
With every case that I take,
170
423962
1774
U svakom svom slučaju
07:05
I realize that as much as I'm standing behind my clients,
171
425736
2920
svjesna sam da koliko god ja stojala iza svojih klijenata
07:08
that they're also standing behind me,
172
428656
2013
toliko i oni stoje iza mene
07:10
and that's what keeps me going.
173
430669
3793
i to me tjera dalje.
07:14
Law as a point of leverage
174
434462
1897
Zakon kao izvor moći
07:16
is crucial in protecting all of us.
175
436359
2522
ključan je u zaštiti svih nas.
07:18
Journalists are very vital in making sure
176
438881
2636
Novinari su jako bitni jer su zaslužni
07:21
that that information is given to the public.
177
441517
3274
za prijenos informacija u javnost.
07:24
Too often, we receive information from journalists
178
444791
2486
Prečesto dobijamo informacije od novinara,
07:27
but we forget how that information was given.
179
447277
3644
ali zaboravljamo kako je ta informacija prenesena.
07:30
This picture is a picture of the
180
450921
2586
Ovo je slika
07:33
British press corps in Afghanistan.
181
453507
1993
britanskog novinarskog tima u Afganistanu.
07:35
It was taken a couple of years ago by my friend David Gill.
182
455500
3149
Uslikao ju je moj prijatelj David Gill prije nekoliko godina.
07:38
According to the Committee to Protect Journalists,
183
458649
1868
Prema Odboru za zaštitu novinara,
07:40
since 2010, there have been thousands of journalists
184
460517
2846
hiljade novinara je dobijalo
07:43
who have been threatened, injured,
185
463363
1878
prijetnje, bivalo povređivano
07:45
killed, detained.
186
465241
2632
ubijano i privedeno od 2010.
07:47
Too often, when we get this information,
187
467873
2239
Nerijetko, kada dobijemo ove informacije
07:50
we forget who it affects
188
470112
1224
zaboravljamo na koga one utječu
07:51
or how that information is given to us.
189
471336
3298
ili kako smo dobili te informacije.
07:54
What many journalists do, both foreign and domestic,
190
474634
2610
Ono što mnogi novinari rade, i strani i domaći,
07:57
is very remarkable, especially in places like Afghanistan,
191
477244
4071
je fascinantno, pogotovo u mjestima poput Afganistana
i bitno je da to nikada ne zaboravimo
08:01
and it's important that we never forget that,
192
481315
1572
08:02
because what they're protecting
193
482887
1356
jer ono što oni štite
08:04
is not only our right to receive that information
194
484243
2282
nije samo naše pravo da dobijemo te informacije
08:06
but also the freedom of the press, which is vital
195
486525
2057
nego i slobodu medija, koja je ključna
08:08
to a democratic society.
196
488582
2876
za demokratsko društvo.
08:11
Matt Rosenberg is a journalist in Afghanistan.
197
491458
3885
Matt Rosenberg je novinar u Afganistanu.
08:15
He works for The New York Times,
198
495343
1890
Radi za New York Times,
08:17
and unfortunately, a few months ago
199
497233
1617
i nažalost, prije nekoliko mjeseci
08:18
he wrote an article that displeased
200
498850
2140
napisao je članak koji je naljutio
08:20
people in the government.
201
500990
1306
ljude iz vlade.
08:22
As a result, he was temporarily detained
202
502296
3250
Za posljedicu bio je privremeno priveden
08:25
and he was illegally exiled out of the country.
203
505546
4313
i ilegalno protjeran iz zemlje.
08:29
I represent Matt,
204
509859
2052
Ja zastupam Matta
08:31
and after dealing with the government,
205
511911
2128
i poslije razgovora sa vladom
08:34
I was able to get legal acknowledgment
206
514039
1680
uspjela sam da dokažem
08:35
that in fact he was illegally exiled,
207
515719
3061
da je ilegalno protjeran
08:38
and that freedom of the press does exist in Afghanistan,
208
518780
3060
i da u Afganistanu ne postoji sloboda medija
08:41
and there's consequences if that's not followed.
209
521840
2532
i da postoje posljedice ako se to ne poštuje.
08:44
And I'm happy to say that
210
524372
1746
Zadovoljstvo mi je reći da
08:46
as of a few days ago,
211
526118
2088
ga je afganistanska vlada
08:48
the Afghan government
212
528206
1326
prije nekoliko dana
08:49
formally invited him back into the country
213
529532
2212
službeno pozvala da se vrati u zemlju
08:51
and they reversed their exile order of him.
214
531744
3633
i poništila naređenje o prognanstvu.
08:55
(Applause)
215
535377
3639
(Aplauz)
09:00
If you censor one journalist, then it intimidates others,
216
540049
3203
Ako cenzurišete jednog novinara, to uplaši i ostale,
09:03
and soon nations are silenced.
217
543252
1972
i uskoro čitave nacije se ušutkaju.
09:05
It's important that we protect our journalists
218
545224
2718
Bitno je da zaštitimo svoje novinare
09:07
and freedom of the press,
219
547942
1777
i slobodu medija,
09:09
because that makes governments more accountable to us
220
549719
2059
jer to čini vlade odgovornijima prema nama
09:11
and more transparent.
221
551778
1985
i transparentnijim.
09:13
Protecting journalists and our right
222
553763
1907
Štićenje novinara i našeg prava
09:15
to receive information protects us.
223
555670
4174
da primamo informacije štiti nas.
09:19
Our world is changing. We live in a different world now,
224
559844
3016
Naš svijet se mijenja. Živimo u drugačijem svijetu
09:22
and what were once individual problems
225
562860
2383
i ono što su nekada bili individualni problemi
09:25
are really now global problems for all of us.
226
565243
2818
sada su globalni problemi za sve nas.
09:28
Two weeks ago, Afghanistan had its first
227
568061
3639
Prije 2 sedmice, Afganistan je imao svoj prvi
09:31
democratic transfer of power
228
571700
1991
demokratski prijenos moći
09:33
and elected president Ashraf Ghani, which is huge,
229
573691
3252
i izabrao je predsjednika Ashrafa Ghanija, što je velika stvar.
09:36
and I'm very optimistic about him,
230
576943
2497
Gajim optimizam prema njemu
09:39
and I'm hopeful that he'll give Afghanistan
231
579440
1979
i nadam se da će donijeti Afganistanu
09:41
the changes that it needs,
232
581419
1271
promjene koje mu trebaju,
09:42
especially within the legal sector.
233
582690
2497
pogotovo u pravnom sektoru.
09:45
We live in a different world.
234
585187
1903
Živimo u drugačijem svijetu.
09:47
We live in a world where my eight-year-old daughter
235
587090
2349
Živimo u svijetu gdje moja osmogodišnja kćerka
09:49
only knows a black president.
236
589439
2714
zna samo za crnog predsjednika.
09:52
There's a great possibility that our next president
237
592153
2708
Postoji velika vjerovatnoća da će naš naredni predsjednik
09:54
will be a woman,
238
594861
1336
biti žena,
09:56
and as she gets older, she may question,
239
596197
2903
i kako bude rasla, možda upita
09:59
can a white guy be president?
240
599100
1745
može li bijelac biti predsjednik?
10:00
(Laughter)
241
600845
1774
(Smijeh)
10:02
(Applause)
242
602619
3111
(Aplauz)
10:05
Our world is changing, and we need to change with it,
243
605730
3180
Naš svijet se mijenja i mi moramo da se mijenjamo sa njim, i
10:08
and what were once individual problems
244
608910
1632
ono što su bili individualni problemi
10:10
are problems for all of us.
245
610542
2848
sada su problemi svih nas.
10:13
According to UNICEF,
246
613390
2078
Prema UNICEF-u,
10:15
there are currently over 280 million
247
615468
6041
trenutno ima preko 280 miliona
10:21
boys and girls who are married
248
621509
1885
dječaka i djevojčica ispod 15 godina
10:23
under the age of 15.
249
623394
1782
koji su vjenčani.
10:25
Two hundred and eighty million.
250
625176
2043
Dvjesto osamdeset miliona.
10:27
Child marriages prolong the vicious cycle
251
627219
2542
Dječji brakovi podržavaju začaran krug
10:29
of poverty, poor health, lack of education.
252
629761
4420
siromaštva, lošeg zdravlja i nedostatka obrazovanja.
10:34
At the age of 12, Sahar was married.
253
634181
4687
Sahar je udata sa 12 godina.
10:38
She was forced into this marriage
254
638868
1849
Njen brat ju je prisilio na ovaj brak
10:40
and sold by her brother.
255
640717
1700
i prodao.
10:42
When she went to her in-laws' house,
256
642417
2068
Kada je otišla u kuću svoga muža
10:44
they forced her into prostitution.
257
644485
2688
oni su prisilili na prostituciju.
10:47
Because she refused, she was tortured.
258
647173
3813
Kada je odbila, mučili su je.
10:50
She was severely beaten with metal rods.
259
650986
4025
Udarali su je metalnim šipkama.
10:55
They burned her body.
260
655011
2792
Palili su joj tijelo.
10:57
They tied her up in a basement and starved her.
261
657803
3490
Svezali su je u podrumu i izgladnjivali je.
11:01
They used pliers to take out her fingernails.
262
661293
4210
Klještima su joj čupali nokte.
11:05
At one point,
263
665503
1829
U jednom trenutku
11:07
she managed to escape from this torture chamber
264
667332
3205
uspjela je da pobjegne iz sobe za mučenje
11:10
to a neighbor's house,
265
670537
2373
do kuće susjeda.
11:12
and when she went there, instead of protecting her,
266
672910
3296
Kada je došla tamo, umjesto da je zaštiti
11:16
they dragged her back
267
676206
2015
oni su je dovukli nazad
11:18
to her husband's house,
268
678221
1636
u kuću njenog muža
11:19
and she was tortured even worse.
269
679857
3781
i onda je bila mučena još više.
11:25
When I met first Sahar, thankfully,
270
685864
3111
Kada sam upoznala Sahar,
11:28
Women for Afghan Women
271
688975
1231
Žene za afganistanske žene
11:30
gave her a safe haven to go to.
272
690206
3328
su joj pružile utočište.
11:33
As a lawyer, I try to be very strong
273
693534
3186
Kao advokat, trudim se da budem snažna
11:36
for all my clients,
274
696720
1659
za svoje klijente,
11:38
because that's very important to me,
275
698379
3814
jer mi je to jako bitno,
11:42
but seeing her,
276
702193
2929
ali kada sam vidjela
11:45
how broken and very weak as she was,
277
705122
3902
koliko je bila slomljena i slabačka
11:49
was very difficult.
278
709024
3297
bilo mi je jako teško.
11:52
It took weeks for us to really get to
279
712321
3487
Prošle su sedmice prije nego smo saznali
11:55
what happened to her
280
715808
3356
šta joj se desilo
11:59
when she was in that house,
281
719164
1956
kada je došla u tu kuću,
12:01
but finally she started opening up to me,
282
721120
2640
ali na kraju je počela da mi se povjerava.
12:03
and when she opened up,
283
723760
2320
Kada mi se otvorila,
12:06
what I heard was
284
726080
1472
ono što sam čula
12:07
she didn't know what her rights were,
285
727552
2600
je to da ona nije znala koja su njena prava,
12:10
but she did know she had a certain level of protection
286
730152
2203
ali je znala da je njena vlast trebala zaštiti,
12:12
by her government that failed her,
287
732355
2627
ali je omanula u tome,
12:14
and so we were able to talk about
288
734982
1602
tako da smo uspjeli da pričamo
12:16
what her legal options were.
289
736584
2542
o njenim pravnim opcijama.
12:19
And so we decided to take this case
290
739126
2008
Tako smo odlučili da odnesemo njen slučaj
12:21
to the Supreme Court.
291
741134
1756
pred Vrhovni sud.
12:22
Now, this is extremely significant,
292
742890
1870
Ovo je izuzetno važno,
12:24
because this is the first time
293
744760
1913
jer je ovo prvi slučaj
12:26
that a victim of domestic violence in Afghanistan
294
746673
2836
da je žrtvu porodičnog nasilja u Afganistanu
12:29
was being represented by a lawyer,
295
749509
2793
zastupao advokat,
12:32
a law that's been on the books for years and years,
296
752302
2735
zakonom koji godinama bio na papiru
12:35
but until Sahar, had never been used.
297
755037
3406
ali nikada prije Sahar nije bio upotrijebljen.
12:38
In addition to this, we also decided
298
758443
2212
Pored ovoga, takođe smo odlučili
12:40
to sue for civil damages,
299
760655
1723
da tražimo građansku odštetu
12:42
again using a law that's never been used,
300
762378
2947
ponovo služeći se zakonom koji nikada nije bio upotrebljavan,
12:45
but we used it for her case.
301
765325
3028
ali smo ga iskoristili za ovaj slučaj.
12:48
So there we were at the Supreme Court
302
768353
2262
Tako da smo se našli pred Vrhovnim sudom,
12:50
arguing in front of 12 Afghan justices,
303
770615
3242
i zahtijevali pravdu pre 12 afganistanskih sudaca
12:53
me as an American female lawyer,
304
773857
2636
ja, američka advokatkinja
12:56
and Sahar, a young woman
305
776493
3487
i Sahar, mlada žena
12:59
who when I met her couldn't speak above a whisper.
306
779980
5183
čiji glas kada sam je upoznala nije bio iznad šapata.
13:05
She stood up,
307
785163
1671
Ona je ustala,
13:06
she found her voice,
308
786834
2286
pronašla svoj glas,
13:09
and my girl told them that she wanted justice,
309
789120
2797
i moja cura im je rekla da zahtijeva pravdu
13:11
and she got it.
310
791917
2639
i dobila ju je.
13:14
At the end of it all, the court unanimously agreed
311
794556
2829
Na kraju svega, sud je donio jednoglasnu odluku
13:17
that her in-laws should be arrested for what they did to her,
312
797385
4183
da se porodica njenog muža uhapsi zbog zlodjela prema njoj
13:21
her fucking brother should also be arrested
313
801568
2609
i njen prokleti brat isto uhapsi
13:24
for selling her —
314
804177
1946
jer ju je prodao...
13:26
(Applause) —
315
806123
4420
(Aplauz)
13:30
and they agreed that she did have a right
316
810543
2003
i složili su se da je imala pravo na
13:32
to civil compensation.
317
812546
2418
građansku naknadu.
13:34
What Sahar has shown us is that we can attack
318
814964
2779
Ono što nam je Sahar pokazala je da to da možemo da napadnemo
13:37
existing bad practices by using the laws
319
817743
2778
postojeće prakse služeći se zakonom
13:40
in the ways that they're intended to be used,
320
820521
2938
u svrhe u koje je on namijenjen
13:43
and by protecting Sahar,
321
823459
2481
i štiteći Sahar,
13:45
we are protecting ourselves.
322
825940
3580
štitimo i nas same.
13:49
After having worked in Afghanistan
323
829520
1632
Nakon svog šestogodišnjeg
13:51
for over six years now,
324
831152
1998
rada u Afganistanu
13:53
a lot of my family and friends think
325
833150
2051
mnogo mojih članova porodice i prijatelja misle
13:55
that what I do looks like this.
326
835201
2792
da ono što ja radim izgleda ovako.
13:57
(Laughter)
327
837993
2506
(Smijeh)
14:00
But in all actuality, what I do looks like this.
328
840499
4638
U stvarnosti, ono što ja radim izgleda ovako.
Svi mi možemo da doprinesemo.
14:05
Now, we can all do something.
329
845137
1873
Ne kažem da bi svi mi trebali da sjednemo na avion do Afganistana,
14:07
I'm not saying we should all buy a plane ticket and go to Afghanistan,
330
847010
2780
14:09
but we can all be contributors
331
849790
3022
ali možemo doprinijeti
14:12
to a global human rights economy.
332
852812
2059
ekonomiji svjetskih ljudskih prava.
14:14
We can create a culture of transparency
333
854871
2268
Možemo stvoriti kulturu transparentnosti
14:17
and accountability to the laws,
334
857139
1324
i odgovornosti prema zakonima
14:18
and make governments more accountable to us,
335
858463
2411
i natjerati vlasti da budu odgovornije prema nama,
14:20
as we are to them.
336
860874
3023
kao što smo mi prema njima.
14:23
A few months ago, a South African lawyer
337
863897
1992
Prije nekoliko mjeseci, južnoafrički advokat
14:25
visited me in my office
338
865889
1755
me je posjetio u mojoj kancelariji
14:27
and he said, "I wanted to meet you.
339
867644
1925
i rekao mi: "Želio sam da te upoznam.
14:29
I wanted to see what a crazy person looked like."
340
869569
3994
Želio sam da vidim kako izgleda luda osoba."
14:33
The laws are ours,
341
873563
1979
Zakoni su naši
14:35
and no matter what your ethnicity,
342
875542
2033
i bez obzira na vašu etničku pripadnost,
14:37
nationality, gender, race,
343
877575
2891
nacionalnosti, roda, rase,
14:40
they belong to us,
344
880466
2119
oni pripadaju nama,
14:42
and fighting for justice is not an act of insanity.
345
882585
4789
i borba za pravdu nije čin ludosti.
14:47
Businesses also need to get with the program.
346
887374
2241
Kompanije isto trebaju da se uključe.
14:49
A corporate investment in human rights
347
889615
1721
Ulaganja korporacija u ljudska prava
14:51
is a capital gain on your businesses,
348
891336
1878
je dobit za vaše kompanije
14:53
and whether you're a business, an NGO,
349
893214
2126
i bili vi kompanija, NVO,
14:55
or a private citizen, rule of law benefits all of us.
350
895340
4095
ili građanin, vladavina zakona radi u korist svih nas.
14:59
And by working together with a concerted mindset,
351
899435
2315
Radeći zajedno, ujedinjenih namjera
15:01
through the people, public and private sector,
352
901750
3456
posredstvom ljudi, javnosti i privatnog sektora
15:05
we can create a global human rights economy
353
905206
2297
možemo da stvorimo ekonomiju globalnih ljudskih prava
15:07
and all become global investors in human rights.
354
907503
3533
i postanemo globalni ulagači u ljudska prava.
15:11
And by doing this,
355
911036
1784
Radeći to
15:12
we can achieve justness together.
356
912820
2660
zajedno možemo postići pravdu.
15:15
Thank you.
357
915480
2093
Hvala.
15:17
(Applause)
358
917573
4000
(Aplauz)
O ovoj web stranici

Ova stranica će vas upoznati sa YouTube video zapisima koji su korisni za učenje engleskog jezika. Vidjet ćete časove engleskog jezika koje drže vrhunski nastavnici iz cijelog svijeta. Dvaput kliknite na titlove na engleskom koji su prikazani na svakoj stranici s videozapisom da odatle reprodukujete videozapis. Titlovi se pomeraju sinhronizovano sa video reprodukcijom. Ako imate bilo kakvih komentara ili zahtjeva, kontaktirajte nas putem ove kontakt forme.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7