Why do we love? A philosophical inquiry - Skye C. Cleary

Translator: Arofat Akhundjanova Reviewer: Nazarbek Nazarov

Ah, romantic love -

Eh, romantik muhabbat,

beautiful and intoxicating,

ba'zan maftunkor va sarmast qiluvchi,

heartbreaking and soul-crushing,

ba'zan yurakni parchalovchi va jafokash,

often all at the same time.

ko'pincha esa hammasi birda. Nima uchun

Why do we choose to put ourselves through its emotional wringer?

biz hissiyotlarimizni siqib, suvidan sharbat qilishlariga qo'yib beramiz?

Does love make our lives meaningful,

Sevgi hayotimizga mazmun kiritadimi

or is it an escape from our loneliness and suffering?

yoki yolg'izlik va azob-uqubatlardan qochmoqchi bo'lamizmi?

Is love a disguise for our sexual desire,

Sevgi ortida jinsiy xohish-istagimiz

or a trick of biology to make us procreate?

yashiringanmi yoki bu nasl qoldirishimiz uchun tabiat o'ylab topgan nayrangmi?

Is it all we need?

Bizga faqat shu kerakmi?

Do we need it at all?

Umuman uning keragi bormikin?

If romantic love has a purpose,

Agar muhabbatdan biror maqsad bo'lsa,

neither science nor psychology has discovered it yet.

na biror olim, na biror psixolog buni kashf eta olgan emas.

But over the course of history,

Ammo uzoq tarixiy davr mobaynida

some of our most respected philosophers have put forward some intriguing theories.

ayrim taniqli faylasuflarimiz ba'zi qiziqarli nazariyalarni ilgari surdi.

Love makes us whole, again.

Sevgi bizni qayta bir butun qiladi.

The ancient Greek philosopher Plato

Qadimgi yunon faylasufi Aflotunning

explored the idea that we love in order to become complete.

fikricha, biz bir butun bo'lish uchun sevamiz.

In his "Symposium", he wrote about a dinner party,

Uning "Bazm" asarida tasvirlanishicha,

at which Aristophanes, a comic playwright,

kechki ziyofat chog'ida komediyanavis Aristofan

regales the guests with the following story:

mehmonlarining vaqtini chog' qilish uchun quyidagi afsonani aytib

humans were once creatures with four arms, four legs, and two faces.

beradi: bir vaqtlar odamlar to'rt qo'l, to'rt oyoq va ikki yuzli mavjudot edilar.

One day, they angered the gods,

Bir kuni ular xudolarning g'azabini keltirdi

and Zeus sliced them all in two.

va Zevs ularning barchasini ikkiga ayirib tashladi. Shundan beri

Since then, every person has been missing half of him or herself.

inson o'zining ikkinchi yarmini qidiradi. Sevgi - birgalikda o'zimizni yana bir

Love is the longing to find a soulmate who'll make us feel whole again,

butundek his etishimizda kerak bo'lgan insonni topish istagidir, har qalay,

or, at least, that's what Plato believed a drunken comedian would say at a party.

Aflotun mast komediyanavis bazmda shunday deyishi mumkinligiga ishongan.

Love tricks us into having babies.

Sevgi sabab bolalar dunyoga keladi.

Much, much later, German philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer

Ko'p yillar o'tgach, nemis faylasufi Artur Shopengauer

maintained that love based in sexual desire

jinsiy istakka asoslangan sevgi

was a voluptuous illusion.

hissiy xom xayol ekanini ta'kidlagan. Unga ko'ra,

He suggested that we love because our desires lead us to believe

xohishlarimiz bizni birov baxtli qilishiga ishonishga undagani bois

that another person will make us happy, but we are sorely mistaken.

sevib qolamiz, ammo biz qattiq yanglishamiz. Tabiat naslimizni

Nature is tricking us into procreating,

davom ettirish uchun mug'ambirlik qiladi

and the loving fusion we seek is consummated in our children.

va biz izlaydigan ishqiy qovishuv farzand ko’rish bilan yakun topadi.

When our sexual desires are satisfied,

Jinsiy ehtiyojlarimiz qondirilgach,

we are thrown back into our tormented existences,

yana uqubatli hayot tarzimizga qaytamiz, odamzot naslini

and we succeed only in maintaining the species

saqlab qolish va zerikarli turmush davomiyligini

and perpetuating the cycle of human drudgery.

abadiylashtirishgina qo'limizdan keladi. Naqadar g'amgin o'ylar,

Sounds like somebody needs a hug.

kimnidir quchoqlab olging keladi-ya.

Love is escape from our loneliness.

Sevgi – yolg'izlikdan qochish. Nobel mukofoti sovrindori

According to the Nobel Prize-winning British philosopher Bertrand Russell,

britaniyalik faylasuf Bertrand Rassellning so'zlariga ko'ra,

we love in order to quench our physical and psychological desires.

biz jismoniy va ruhiy istaklarimizni qondirish uchun yaxshi ko'ramiz.

Humans are designed to procreate,

Odamlar ko'payish uchun yaratilgan,

but without the ecstasy of passionate love,

ammo ehtirosli muhabbat zavqisiz

sex is unsatisfying.

ishqiy munosabatdan qoniqib bo'lmaydi.

Our fear of the cold, cruel world tempts us to build hard shells

Sovuq va shafqatsiz dunyodan qo'rqib, himoyalanish va yashirinish uchun

to protect and isolate ourselves.

qattiq qobiqqa o'ralib olamiz.

Love's delight, intimacy, and warmth helps us overcome our fear of the world,

Sevgi beradigan quvonch, yaqinlik va iliqlik dunyo qarshisidagi qo'rquvimizni

escape our lonely shells,

yengishga, yolg'izlik qobig'idan

and engage more abundantly in life.

xalos bo'lishga va to'laqonli hayot kechirishga yordam beradi.

Love enriches our whole being, making it the best thing in life.

Sevgi butun borlig'imizni boyitadi va dunyodagi eng yoqimli hissiyotga aylanadi.

Love is a misleading affliction.

Sevgi aldamchi azobdir. Budda yoxud Nurlangan

Siddhārtha Gautama,

nomi bilan tanilgan

who became known as the Buddha, or the Enlightened One,

Siddxarta Gautama Rassel bilan munozaraga kirishganida,

probably would have had some interesting arguments with Russell.

ehtimol, qiziqarli dalillar keltirgan bo'lardi.

Buddha proposed that we love because we are trying to satisfy our base desires.

Budda asosiy ehtiyojlarimizni qondirish uchun yaxshi ko'ramiz, deb hisoblagan.

Yet, our passionate cravings are defects,

Ammo ehtirosli xohish-istaklarimiz nuqsonlar bo'lib, yaqinlik tuyg'usi,

and attachments, even romantic love, are a great source of suffering.

hatto romantik muhabbat ham cheksiz iztiroblar manbaidir.

Luckily, Buddha discovered the eight-fold path,

Yaxshiyamki, Budda Nirvana – tinchlik, ravshanlik, donolik

a sort of program for extinguishing the fires of desire

va rahm-shafqatdan iborat oliy saodatga eltuvchi sakkiz bosqichli yo'l,

so that we can reach Nirvana,

boshqacha qilib aytganda,

an enlightened state of peace, clarity, wisdom, and compassion.

xohish-istaklar olovini so'ndirish uchun dasturi amal topdi.

The novelist Cao Xueqin illustrated this Buddhist sentiment

Yozuvchi Tsao Syuetsin Xitoyning eng mashhur klassik romanlaridan biri

that romantic love is folly in one of China's greatest classical novels,

"Qizil ko'shkdagi tush" asarida buddistlarning romantik

"Dream of the Red Chamber."

sevgi – bema'nilikdir, degan qarashini ochib beradi.

In a subplot, Jia Rui falls in love with Xi-feng

Sujet voqealaridan birida Tzya Rui uni aldab,

who tricks and humiliates him.

xo'rlab ketuvchi Sifengga oshiq bo'ladi.

Conflicting emotions of love and hate tear him apart,

Muhabbat va nafratga to'la qarama-qarshi hislar uning qalbini parchalaydi,

so a Taoist gives him a magic mirror that can cure him

shu bois daos unga sehrli ko'zgu beradi. Agar Tzya Rui

as long as he doesn't look at the front of it.

unga qaramasa, dardiga davo topishini aytadi.

But of course, he looks at the front of it.

Ammo u, o'z-o'zidan ravshanki, ko'zguga boqadi.

He sees Xi-feng.

Unda Sifengni ko'radi.

His soul enters the mirror

Uning ruhi ko'zguga kiradi

and he is dragged away in iron chains to die.

va oshiq o’lgunicha zanjirband etiladi. Hamma buddistlar

Not all Buddhists think this way about romantic and erotic love,

ham romantik va oshiqona sevgi haqida bunday fikrda bo'lmagan,

but the moral of this story

ammo qissadan hissa shuki,

is that such attachments spell tragedy,

bunday his-tuyg'ular fojiaga olib keladi

and should, along with magic mirrors, be avoided.

va inson sehrli ko'zgu bilan bir qatorda sevgidan ham o'zini chetga olishi kerak.

Love lets us reach beyond ourselves.

Sevgi o'zligimizni to'laligicha namoyon etishga imkon beradi.

Let's end on a slightly more positive note.

Keling, biroz ko'tarinki ruhda so'zimizga yakun yasaymiz.

The French philosopher Simone de Beauvoir

Fransuz faylasufi Simona de Bovuarning

proposed that love is the desire to integrate with another

fikricha, sevgi - bu boshqa bir inson bilan bir butun bo'lish istagi

and that it infuses our lives with meaning.

va u hayotimizga mazmun olib kiradi.

However, she was less concerned with why we love

Ammo u biz nega sevishimiz haqida emas, balki qanday qilib

and more interested in how we can love better.

yaxshiroq sevishimiz mumkinligi haqida ko'proq bosh qotirgan.

She saw that the problem with traditional romantic love

Bovuarning aytishicha, an'anaviy romantik muhabbatdagi muammo

is it can be so captivating,

shundaki, u bizni o'ziga qattiq maftun

that we are tempted to make it our only reason for being.

etgani bois biz uni tiriklikning yagona sababchisiga aylantirmoqchi bo'lamiz.

Yet, dependence on another to justify our existence

Ammo mavjudligimizning mohiyati deb birovga qaram bo'lish

easily leads to boredom and power games.

tez orada zerikish va manipulyatsiyaga olib keladi. Bunday tuzoqqan

To avoid this trap, Beauvoir advised loving authentically,

tushmaslik uchun Bovuar chinakam do'stlikni eslatuvchi haqiqiy muhabbatni

which is more like a great friendship.

tarbiyalashni maslahat beradi. Sevishganlar

Lovers support each other in discovering themselves,

o'zlarini kashf etishda, imkoniyatlari doirasini kengaytirishda

reaching beyond themselves,

bir-birlarini qo'llab-quvvatlaydilar,

and enriching their lives and the world together.

hayotlarini va atrof-borliqni birgalikda boyitadilar. Sevib qolishimiz

Though we might never know why we fall in love,

sababini hech qachon bilmasligimiz mumkin, ammo bu hissiyotlar

we can be certain that it will be an emotional rollercoaster ride.

uchun o'ziga xos «Amerika tepaligi» attraksioni bo'lishiga ishonavering.

It's scary and exhilarating.

U qo'rquv ham, shodlik ham ulashadi.

It makes us suffer

Ko'ngilga ozor beradi

and makes us soar.

va uchishga qanot bag'ishlaydi.

Maybe we lose ourselves.

Ehtimol, o'zligimizni yo'qotarmiz

Maybe we find ourselves.

Ehtimol, toparmiz.

It might be heartbreaking,

U qalbimizni parchalashi yoki

or it might just be the best thing in life.

hayotdagi eng yoqimli tuyg'u bo'lishi mumkin.

Will you dare to find out?

Balki uni sinab ko'rishga jur'at etarsiz?