What is déjà vu? What is déjà vu? - Michael Molina

Šta je "deža vi"? Šta je "deža vi"? - Majkl Molina (Michael Molina)

5,004,573 views

2013-08-28 ・ TED-Ed


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What is déjà vu? What is déjà vu? - Michael Molina

Šta je "deža vi"? Šta je "deža vi"? - Majkl Molina (Michael Molina)

5,004,573 views ・ 2013-08-28

TED-Ed


Please double-click on the English subtitles below to play the video.

Prevodilac: Miloš Milosavljević Lektor: Tatjana Jevdjic
00:06
Have you experienced déjà vu?
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Jeste li nekad doživeli "deža vi"?
00:08
It's that shadowy feeling you get when a situation seems familiar.
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To je onaj nejasan osećaj koji imate
kad vam situacija izgleda poznata.
00:12
A scene in a restaurant plays out exactly as you remember.
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Scena u restoranu se odvija
tačno onako kako se sećate.
00:15
The world moves like a ballet you've choreographed,
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Svet se kreće kao balet
za koji ste vi napravili koreografiju,
00:18
but the sequence can't be based on a past experience
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ali ta scena ne može biti zasnovana na prošlom iskustvu
00:20
because you've never eaten here before.
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jer nikada ranije niste ručali ovde.
00:23
This is the first time you've had clams,
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To je bio prvi put da ste jeli školjke.
Šta se onda to dešava?
00:25
so what's going on?
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00:26
Unfortunately, there isn't one single explanation for déjà vu.
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Nažalost, ne postoji samo jedno objašnjenje za "deža vi".
00:30
The experience is brief and occurs without notice,
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Doživljaj je kratak
i javlja se bez upozorenja
i zbog toga je naučnicima skoro nemoguće
00:33
making it nearly impossible for scientists to record and study it.
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da ga snime i prouče.
00:36
Scientists can't simply sit around and wait for it to happen to them --
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Naučnici ne mogu samo da sede
i čekaju da se desi -
to bi moglo da potraje godinama.
00:40
this could take years.
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00:41
It has no physical manifestations
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Nema fizičkih ispoljavanja
00:43
and in studies,
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i u proučavanjima ga opisuju
00:44
it's described by the subject as a sensation or feeling.
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kao osećaj ili osećanje.
00:47
Because of this lack of hard evidence,
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Zbog ovog nedostatka čvrstih dokaza
00:49
there's been a surplus of speculation over the years.
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bilo je suviše nagađanja tokom godina.
00:52
Since Emile Boirac introduced déjà vu
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Otkad je Emil Borak uveo pojam "deža vi",
00:54
as a French term meaning "already seen,"
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što na francuskom znači "već viđeno",
00:57
more than 40 theories attempt to explain this phenomenon.
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preko 40 teorija je pokušalo
da objasni ovaj fenomen.
01:00
Still, recent advancements in neuroimaging and cognitive psychology
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Ipak, novija istraživanja u neuro-skeniranju
i kognitivnoj psihologiji
01:04
narrow down the field of prospects.
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sužavaju panoramu.
01:06
Let's walk through three of today's more prevalent theories,
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Hajde da prođemo
kroz tri najdominantnije teorije danas,
01:09
using the same restaurant setting for each.
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koristeći isti model restorana za svaku od njih.
01:11
First up is dual processing.
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Prva je dvostruka obrada.
01:13
We'll need an action.
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Treba nam neka radnja.
01:14
Let's go with a waiter dropping a tray of dishes.
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Uzmimo konobara kome ispada poslužavnik sa tanjirima.
01:17
As the scene unfolds,
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Kako se scena razvija
01:18
your brain's hemispheres process a flurry of information:
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hemisfere vašeg mozga obrađuju
kovitlac informacija:
01:21
the waiter's flailing arms,
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ruke konobara koje se spuštaju,
01:23
his cry for help,
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njegov poziv u pomoć,
01:24
the smell of pasta.
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miris testenine.
01:25
Within milliseconds, this information zips through pathways
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U par milisekundi
ova informacija projuri neuronskim putevima
01:28
and is processed into a single moment.
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i obradi se kao jedan trenutak.
01:31
Most of the time, everything is recorded in-sync.
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Uglavnom je sve snimljeno sinhronizovano.
01:33
However, this theory asserts
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Ova teorija potvrđuje
01:35
that déjà vu occurs when there's a slight delay
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da se "deža vi" javlja kad postoji malo kašnjenje
01:38
in information from one of these pathways.
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u informaciji sa jednog od ovih puteva.
01:40
The difference in arrival times
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Razlika u vremenima dolaska
01:41
causes the brain to interpret the late information
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uzrokuje da mozak protumači zakasnelu informaciju
kao odvojen događaj.
01:44
as a separate event.
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01:45
When it plays over the already-recorded moment,
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Kad se on reprodukuje preko već snimljenog trenutka,
01:48
it feels as if it's happened before
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oseća se kao da se dogodio ranije,
01:49
because, in a sense, it has.
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jer u nekom smislu i jeste.
01:52
Our next theory deals with a confusion of the past
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Naša sledeća teorija se bavi zbrkom prošlosti,
01:55
rather than a mistake in the present.
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a ne greškom u sadašnjosti.
01:57
This is the hologram theory,
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Ovo je teorija holograma
01:59
and we'll use that tablecloth to examine it.
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i koristićemo stolnjak da bismo je ispitali.
Dok gledate njegove kocke
02:02
As you scan its squares,
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02:03
a distant memory swims up from deep within your brain.
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udaljena memorija isplivava
iz dubina vašeg mozga.
02:06
According to the theory,
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Po ovoj teoriji,
02:07
this is because memories are stored
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ovo je zbog toga što su sećanja uskladištena
02:09
in the form of holograms,
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u obliku holograma,
02:10
and in holograms,
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a u hologramima
02:11
you only need one fragment to see the whole picture.
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vam treba samo jedan fragment
da biste videli celu sliku.
02:14
Your brain has identified the tablecloth with one from the past,
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Vaš mozak je identifikovao stolnjak
sa nekim sličnim iz prošlosti,
02:17
maybe from your grandmother's house.
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možda iz kuće vaše bake.
Ipak, umesto sećanja
02:19
However, instead of remembering that you've seen it at your grandmother's,
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da ste videli ovu šaru u kući vaše bake,
02:22
your brain has summoned up the old memory
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vaš mozak je prizvao staro sećanje
02:24
without identifying it.
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bez njenog identifikovanja.
02:26
This leaves you stuck with familiarity, but no recollection.
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Po ovome, koristite bliskost,
ali ne i sećanje.
02:29
Although you've never been in this restaurant,
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Iako nikad niste bili u ovom restoranu,
02:31
you've seen that tablecloth but are just failing to identify it.
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videli ste ovaj stolnjak,
ali prosto niste uspeli da ga identifikujete
02:35
Now, look at this fork.
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Sada pogledajte ovu viljušku.
02:36
Are you paying attention?
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Je l' pazite?
02:38
Our last theory is divided attention,
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Naša poslednja teorija je podeljena pažnja
02:40
and it states that déjà vu occurs
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i ona kaže da se "deža vi" javlja
02:42
when our brain subliminally takes in an environment
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kad naš mozak podsvesno upija okruženje,
02:44
while we're distracted by one particular object.
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dok nam pažnju odvlači jedan predmet.
02:47
When our attention returns,
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Kad nam se pažnja vrati
02:48
we feel as if we've been here before.
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osećamo kao da smo bili tu pre.
02:50
For example, just now you focused on the fork
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Na primer, upravo ste se fokusirali na viljušku
02:52
and didn't observe the tablecloth or the falling waiter.
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i niste osmotrili stolnjak
ili konobara koji pada.
02:55
Although your brain has been recording everything
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Iako vaš mozak sve snima
02:57
in your peripheral vision,
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vašim perifernim vidom,
02:58
it's been doing so below conscious awareness.
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to radi prilično nesvesno.
03:00
When you finally pull yourself away from the fork,
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Kad konačno skrenete pogled
sa viljuške,
03:03
you think you've been here before because you have,
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mislite da ste ovde već bili,
zato što i jeste,
03:05
you just weren't paying attention.
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samo niste obraćali pažnju.
03:07
While all three of these theories share the common features of déjà vu,
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I dok sve ove tri teorije
dele zajedničke osobine "deža vija",
03:10
none of them propose to be the conclusive source
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nijedna od njih ne daje konačno rešenje
ovog fenomena.
03:13
of the phenomenon.
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03:14
Still, while we wait for researchers and inventers
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I dok čekamo da istraživači i inovatori
03:16
to come up with new ways to capture this fleeting moment,
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smisle nove načine
da uhvate ovaj prolazni trenutak,
03:19
we can study the moment ourselves.
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možemo da ga proučavamo sami.
03:21
After all, most studies of déjà vu are based on first-hand accounts,
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Na kraju, većina studija "deža vija"
je zasnovana na svedočenjima iz prve ruke,
03:25
so why can't one be yours?
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pa zašto jedno od njih ne bi bilo vaše?
03:27
The next time you get déjà vu, take a moment to think about it.
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Sledeći put kad budete imali "deža vi"
razmislite za trenutak o njemu.
03:30
Have you been distracted?
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Da li vam je pažnja bila odvučena?
Da li je tu negde poznati predmet?
03:32
Is there a familiar object somewhere?
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Da li vam je mozak prosto radio sporo?
03:34
Is your brain just acting slow?
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03:36
Or is it something else?
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Ili je nešto drugo u pitanju?
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