Sugar: Hiding in plain sight - Robert Lustig

Šećer - krije vam se pred očima - Robert Lustig

1,306,410 views ・ 2014-03-31

TED-Ed


Please double-click on the English subtitles below to play the video.

Prevodilac: Milena Lakic Lektor: Mile Živković
00:08
Sugar is playing hide and seek with you.
0
8180
2932
Šećer se igra žmurke sa vama.
00:11
You'd think it would be pretty easy for you to win,
1
11112
2305
Mislite da ga možete lako pobediti
00:13
considering all the sugar in
2
13417
1416
s obzirom na sav šećer
00:14
sodas, ice cream, candy, and big white bags labeled sugar.
3
14833
5014
u sokovima, sladoledima, slatkišima i velikim kesama na kojima piše šećer.
00:19
People get about half of their added sugars
4
19847
1836
Ljudi skoro polovinu svog dodatnog šećera
00:21
from those drinks and treats,
5
21683
1536
dobijaju iz ovih pića i poslastica
00:23
so it might seem like sugar
6
23219
1724
pa se može činiti
00:24
is hiding in plain sight,
7
24943
1500
da se šećer krije na otvorenom,
00:26
but like someone in the witness protection program,
8
26443
1846
ali poput osoba koje su u programu zaštite svedoka
00:28
the other half is hidden in places you'd least suspect.
9
28289
4800
druga polovina se krije na mestima na kojima je najmanje očekujete.
Proverite sastojke kečapa, salame
00:33
Check the ingredients on ketchup, bologna,
10
33089
1591
00:34
spaghetti sauce, soy milk, sports drinks,
11
34680
3387
sosa za špagete, sojinog mleka, sportskih napitaka,
00:38
fish sticks, and peanut butter.
12
38067
2289
ribljih štapića i putera od kikirikija.
00:40
You'll find sugar hiding in most of those products.
13
40356
2759
Primetićete da se šećer krije u većini ovih proizvoda.
00:43
In fact, you'll find added sugars
14
43115
1901
Zapravo, dodatni šećer se nalazi
00:45
in three-quarters of the more than 600,000 items
15
45016
3014
u tri četvrtine od više od 600 000 namirnica
00:48
available in grocery stores.
16
48030
2254
koje su dostupne u prehrambenim prodavnicama.
00:50
But how is sugar hiding?
17
50284
1810
Ali kako se šećer krije? Zar ne možemo
00:52
Can't you just look on food labels?
18
52094
2037
samo da pogledamo informacije na ambalaži?
00:54
It's not that easy.
19
54131
1569
To nije tako jednostavno.
00:55
Just like your friend Robert
20
55700
1601
Kao što vaš prijatelj Robert
00:57
might go by Bob, Robby, Rob, Bobby, or Roberto,
21
57301
3211
može sebe zvati Bob, Robi, Rob, Bobi ili Roberto,
01:00
added sugar has a lot of aliases.
22
60512
2454
dodatni šećer ima mnogo pseudonima.
01:02
And by a lot, we don't mean five or six,
23
62966
2446
I pod mnogo, ne mislimo pet ili šest
01:05
try fifty-six.
24
65412
1363
već pedeset šest.
01:06
There's brown rice syrup, barley malt,
25
66775
3200
Postoji sirup od smeđeg pirinča, ječmeni slad, demerara smeđi šećer
01:09
demerara, Florida Crystals, muscovado,
26
69975
2822
Florida Kristali, muskovado svetlosmeđi šećer
01:12
and, of course, high fructose corn syrup,
27
72797
2599
i naravno, visoko fruktozni kukuruzni sirup,
01:15
sometimes called HFCS, or corn sugar.
28
75396
4003
koji se nekad naziva HFCS ili kukuruzni šećer.
01:19
Even sugar's tricky nicknames have nicknames.
29
79399
3708
Čak i lukavi nadimci šećera imaju nadimke.
01:23
Grape or apple concentrate has the same effects on your body
30
83107
2554
Koncentrat grožđa ili jabuke ima isti efekat na vaše telo
01:25
as its 55 sugary twins.
31
85661
2250
kao i njegovih 55 šećernih blizanaca.
01:27
And even though organic evaporated cane juice sounds healthy,
32
87911
3209
Iako organski ispareni sok šećerne trske može zvučati zdravo,
01:31
when you evaporate it,
33
91120
1475
kada ispari,
01:32
you get sugar!
34
92595
1450
dobijete šećer!
01:34
Chemically speaking, it's all the same.
35
94045
2392
Hemijski govoreći, to je sve isto.
01:36
And even trickier,
36
96437
1215
I čak je lukavije,
01:37
when multiple added types of sugars
37
97652
1684
kada se višestruki dodati tipovi šećera
01:39
are used in one type of product,
38
99336
1710
koriste u jednoj vrsti proizvoda,
01:41
they get buried down in a long list of ingredients,
39
101046
3021
oni budu zatrpani na dnu duge liste sastojaka
01:44
so the sugar content might appear to be okay,
40
104067
2403
pa količina šećera može delovati u redu,
01:46
but when you add them all together,
41
106470
1455
ali kada ih sve saberete,
01:47
sugar can be the single biggest ingredient.
42
107925
3090
šečer može biti najveći sastojak.
01:51
Currently, the FDA doesn't suggest
43
111015
2295
Trenutno, Uprava za hranu i lekove ne predlaže
01:53
a recommended daily limit for sugar,
44
113310
2019
dnevnu preporučenu količinu šećera
01:55
so it's hard to tell if this 65 grams in a bottle of soda
45
115329
2899
tako da je teško reći da li je ovih 65 grama u flaši soka
01:58
is a little or a lot.
46
118228
2170
malo ili mnogo.
02:00
But the World Health Organization recommends
47
120398
2279
Ali Svetska zdravstvena organizacija predlaže
02:02
limiting sugar to just 5% of your total calories,
48
122677
3304
da se šećer ograniči na samo 5% ukupnih kalorija
02:05
or about 25 grams per day.
49
125981
2165
ili otprilike 25 grama dnevno.
02:08
So, 65 grams is well over twice that amount.
50
128146
3975
Dakle, 65 grama je više nego duplo od te količine.
02:12
But just what is sugar?
51
132121
2083
Ali šta je u stvari šečer?
02:14
What's the difference between glucose and fructose?
52
134204
3703
Koja je razlika između glukoze i fruktoze?
02:17
Well, both are carbohydrates
53
137907
1823
Pa, obe su ugljeni hidrati
02:19
with the same chemical composition
54
139730
1567
sa istim hemijskim sastavom
02:21
of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
55
141297
2350
koji čini ugljenik, vodonik i kiseonik.
02:23
But they have very different structures
56
143647
2067
Ali imaju veoma različite strukture
02:25
and behave quite differently in our bodies.
57
145714
2544
i ponašaju se veoma drugačije u našim telima.
02:28
Glucose is the best source of energy
58
148258
2423
Glukoza je najbolji izvor energije
02:30
for nearly all organisms on Earth.
59
150681
2474
za gotovo sve organizme na Zemlji.
02:33
It can be metabolized by all organs in the body.
60
153155
2863
Nju mogu razgraditi svi organi u telu.
02:36
Fructose, on the other hand,
61
156018
2085
Fruktoza, sa druge strane,
02:38
is metabolized primarily in the liver,
62
158103
2712
se razgrađuje prvenstveno u jetri,
02:40
and when your liver gets overloaded
63
160815
1960
a kada se jetra preoptereti
02:42
with sweet, sweet fructose,
64
162775
1647
slatkom, slatkom fruktozom,
02:44
the excess is metabolized to fat.
65
164422
3140
višak se pretvara u masti.
02:47
Fresh fruits actually contain fructose,
66
167562
2262
Sveže voće zapravo sadrži fruktozu,
02:49
but it's naturally occurring
67
169824
1655
ali ona nastaje prirodno
02:51
and doesn't cause an overload
68
171479
1691
i ne uzrokuje preopterećenje
02:53
because the fiber in fruit slows its absorption.
69
173170
2562
zato što vlakna u voću usporavaju njenu apsorpciju.
02:55
This gives your liver the time it needs
70
175732
2084
To daje vašoj jetri vreme koje joj je potrebno
02:57
to do its job.
71
177816
1605
da obavi svoj posao.
02:59
It's sugar that makes cookies chewy
72
179421
2124
Zbog šećera su kolači gumasti
03:01
and candy crunchy.
73
181545
1961
a slatkiši hrskavi.
03:03
It even turns bread crust a beautiful, golden brown.
74
183506
2902
On čak daje korici hleba prelepu, zlatno braon boju.
03:06
It's also a great preservative;
75
186408
2060
Takođe je i sjajan konzervans;
03:08
it doesn't spoil or evaporate,
76
188468
1877
ne kvari se niti isparava,
03:10
so the foods it's added to are easier
77
190345
1755
tako da je hranu kojoj se dodaje
03:12
to store and ship long distances
78
192100
1874
lakše skladištiti i slati na daleke destinacije
03:13
and tend to be cheaper.
79
193974
2024
i obično je ta hrana jeftinija.
03:15
That's why sugar is hiding everywhere.
80
195998
2485
Zbog toga se šećer krije svuda.
03:18
Actually, it might be easier to list the foods
81
198483
2850
Zapravo, možda je lakše nabrojiti hranu
03:21
that added sugar isn't hiding in,
82
201333
2147
u kojoj se ne krije dodatni šećer,
03:23
things like: vegetables, eggs, meats,
83
203480
2378
namirnice kao što su: povrće, jaja, mesa,
03:25
fish, fruit, raw nuts, even your kitchen sink.
84
205858
4105
riba, voće, sirovi orašasti plodovi, čak i vaša sudopera.
03:29
Simply choosing water over soda, juices, and sports drinks
85
209963
3403
Ako samo izaberete vodu umesto gaziranih pića, soka i sportskih napitaka
03:33
is a great way to avoid hidden added sugar.
86
213366
2572
to je sjajan način da izbegnete skriveni dodatni šećer.
03:35
At the very least,
87
215938
1648
Bar se potrudite da obratite
03:37
try to pay attention to food labels,
88
217586
1633
pažnju na informacije na ambalaži,
03:39
so you can keep your sugar intake at a healthy level.
89
219219
3368
kako biste mogli da zadržite unos šećera na zdravom nivou.
03:42
Because in this game of hide and seek,
90
222587
2269
Zato što u ovoj igri žmurki,
03:44
every time you don't find added sugar,
91
224856
2124
svaki put kad ne nađete dodatni šećer,
03:46
you win!
92
226980
1985
vi pobeđujete!
About this website

This site will introduce you to YouTube videos that are useful for learning English. You will see English lessons taught by top-notch teachers from around the world. Double-click on the English subtitles displayed on each video page to play the video from there. The subtitles scroll in sync with the video playback. If you have any comments or requests, please contact us using this contact form.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7