A tour of the ancient Greek Underworld - Iseult Gillespie

844,975 views ・ 2023-10-24

TED-Ed


Please double-click on the English subtitles below to play the video.

Prevodilac: Milenka Okuka Lektor: Ivana Krivokuca
00:14
Achilles, welcome!
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Ahile, dobro došao!
00:16
I’m the Sibyl of Cumae, prophetess and avid reader of leaves.
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Ja sam Kumanska Sibila, proročica, i strast mi je gatanje u list.
00:21
To clarify, you were just slain in the Trojan War.
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Da razjasnim, upravo si poginuo u Trojanskom ratu.
00:26
Sorry about that.
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Žao mi je zbog toga.
00:28
It’s normal to feel mixed emotions right now.
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Normalno je da trenutno imaš zbunjujuća osećanja.
00:31
But you will be immortalized as one of the greatest warriors ever.
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Međutim, ovekovečiće te kao jednog od najvećih ratnika svih vremena.
00:38
And you’ll have endless distractions down here.
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A i beskrajno ćeš se zabavljati ovde dole.
00:41
So, pros and cons.
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Dakle, prednosti i mane.
00:43
It gets a bad rap, but the Underworld is actually a lovely place to “live.”
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Ima lošu reputaciju, ali Had je zapravo divno mesto za „život”.
00:50
It boasts historic charm and eccentric neighbors with eternal ties to the area.
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Diči se istorijskim šarmom i ekscentričnim komšijama večno skopčanim za ovu oblast.
00:56
The community even has its own guard dog, Cerberus.
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Zajednica čak ima i svog psa čuvara, Kerbera.
01:00
Heel, boy! Oh.
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Lezi, dečko! Oh.
01:01
Sorry, I know that’s a sensitive spot.
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Izvini, znam da ti je to osetljivo mesto.
01:04
Anyway, with Cerberus, you get three for the price of one!
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U svakom slučaju, s Kerberom dobijaš tri po ceni jednog!
01:09
He’s just not a big fan of anyone leaving.
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Samo ne voli kad neko želi da ode odavde.
01:13
And who would want to leave anyway?
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A i ko bi uopšte želeo da ode?
01:15
This is the Styx— it’s like the subterranean riviera.
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Ovo je Stiks - izgleda kao suterenska rivijera.
01:21
But you’ve been here before;
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Mada, već si bio ovde;
01:22
it was the source of your almost complete invulnerability, of course!
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bila je izvor tvoje gotovo potpune neranjivosti, naravno!
01:29
The Underworld also features four other waterways:
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Podzemlje ima još četiri druge reke:
01:32
Acheron, the river of woe; Cocytus, river of wailing;
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Aheron, reku bola; Kokitus, reku jadikovanja;
01:37
Lethe, river of oblivion;
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Letu, reku zaborava;
01:40
and Phlegethon, river of fire, a great source of natural light.
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i Flegeton, reku vatre, značajan izvor prirodnog svetla.
01:46
Now, on your left, you’ll see the Mourning Fields,
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Sad, sa svoje leve strane videćeš polja tuge,
01:49
inhabited by souls tormented by love.
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koja naseljavaju duše koje pate zbog ljubavi.
01:53
Quite an attractive place, really,
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Prilično privlačno mesto, zaista,
01:55
when you’re not in the throes of endless heartbreak.
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kada nisi u agoniji beskrajnog ljubavnog bola.
01:58
And without further ado:
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I bez daljeg odugovlačenja:
02:00
Elysium, the Underworld’s exclusive VIP section—
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Elizej, ekskluzivni odeljak za važne ljude Hada -
02:06
and your permanent home.
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i tvoj trajni dom.
02:09
Here, you'll join the ranks of royalty and heroes.
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Ovde ćeš se pridružiti plemićima i herojima.
02:13
Cadmus over there once slayed a dragon!
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Kadmo, koga vidiš tu, jednom je ubio zmaja!
02:17
And Patroclus is around here somewhere, along with lots of other friends and foes.
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I Patroklo je tu negde, kao i drugi prijatelji i neprijatelji.
02:22
I'll let you two get reacquainted soon,
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Uskoro ćete se ponovo spojiti,
02:24
but our tour wouldn’t be complete without a quick whirl
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ali naš obilazak ne bi bio potpun bez kratke šetnje
02:28
through the heart of Hades: Tartarus.
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kroz srce Hada: Tartar.
02:33
Tisiphone here guards the portal.
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Ovde Tisifona čuva ulaz.
02:36
She's one of the legendary Furies
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Jedna je od čuvenih Furija
02:38
and is particularly passionate about avenging murder.
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i naročito je strastvena osvetnica u ime ubijenih.
02:42
She never sleeps.
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Nikad ne spava.
02:43
So, if you need anything, just ask!
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Dakle, ako ti bilo šta treba, samo pitaj!
02:46
Tartarus is reserved for a select few who some might call
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Tartar je rezervisan za nekoliko odabranih koje bismo mogli da nazovemo
02:50
the greatest sinners of all time.
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najvećim grešnicima svih vremena.
02:52
Take Ixion.
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Uzmi Iksiona.
02:53
He was once a king.
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Nekada je bio kralj.
02:55
When he didn’t pay his wedding dowry,
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Kada nije platio svoj svadbeni miraz,
02:57
his father-in-law, Deioneus, stole his horses to get even.
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njegov tast, Dejonej, ukrao mu je konje kako bi namirio dug.
03:01
In retaliation, Ixion pitched Deioneus into a pit of fire.
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U znak odmazde, Iksion je bacio Dejoneja u vatrenu provaliju.
03:08
Ixion was banished, but Zeus miraculously took pity on him,
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Iksion je proteran, ali se Zevs nekim čudom sažalio na njega
03:12
and invited him to a Mount Olympian feast.
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i pozvao ga je na gozbu na planini Olimp.
03:16
There, however, it soon became clear that the disgraced king
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Međutim, uskoro je postalo jasno da obeščašćeni kralj
03:21
was trying to seduce Zeus’s wife, Hera.
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pokušava da zavede Zevsovu suprugu Heru.
03:24
So, Zeus contrived a trap:
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Pa je Zevs napravio zamku:
03:27
a fluffy cloud that resembled Hera exactly.
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paperjasti oblak koji je skroz ličio na Heru.
03:30
When Zeus had proof of Ixion having his way with the cumulus,
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Kada je Zevs dobio dokaz Iksionovog udvaranja kumulusu,
03:35
well, you could say it was all nimbus from there.
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pa, moglo bi se reći da je od tog trena počelo da pljušti.
03:40
That landed Ixion on the flaming wheel.
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To je smestilo Iksiona na plameni točak.
03:43
Poor thing.
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Jadničak.
03:44
Oh, and don’t mind Tantalus here.
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I da, ne obraćaj pažnju na Tantala.
03:46
He was part of the first generation of mortals,
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Bio je deo prve generacije smrtnika,
03:49
enjoying privileges like dining with the gods.
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uživao je privilegije poput obedovanja s bogovima.
03:52
Some say Tantalus stole ambrosia from Zeus,
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Neki kažu da je Tantal od Zevsa ukrao ambroziju,
03:56
others that he doubted the omniscience of the gods
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drugi da je posumnjao u božansko sveznanje
03:59
and cooked his own son into a stew to see if they would notice.
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i skuvao sopstvenog sina u paprikašu kako bi video da li će primetiti.
04:04
Naturally, they did.
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Naravno, jesu.
04:06
And as eternal punishment, when Tantalus reaches for food,
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I večno je kažnjen da, kada posegne za hranom,
04:10
the branches grow taller.
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grane rastu naviše.
04:13
And when he stoops to quench his thirst, the water recedes.
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A kada se sagne da ugasi žeđ, voda se povlači.
04:18
And here we have the Danaids.
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A ovde imamo Danaide.
04:21
At their father’s order, they beheaded their husbands on their wedding night.
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Po očevom naređenju, odsekle su glave svojim muževima tokom svadbene noći.
04:28
They must fill this basin with water.
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Moraju da napune ovaj bazen vodom.
04:31
But, the trick is, their jars are cracked, so it always... just... leaks away.
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Međutim, trik je u tome što su im vrčevi polomljeni, te voda prosto iscuri.
04:37
Oh, but don’t worry! No leaky appliances for you.
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Oh, ali ne brini! Tebi ne sleduju šuplje naprave.
04:40
Finally, our last stop on the tour is one of our loveliest vistas.
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Konačno, naša poslednja stanica u obilasku je jedan od najlepših vidika.
04:45
From here, you can see the hill where Sisyphus pushes his boulder
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Odavde možeš da vidiš brdo gde Sizif gura kamen
04:50
day after day,
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dan za danom,
04:53
only for it to roll back down again—
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samo da bi se ponovo skotrljao dole -
04:57
all for trying to cheat death.
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sve zato što je pokušao da prevari smrt.
04:59
As you can see, Achilles, the Underworld is full of exciting amenities.
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Kao što vidiš, Ahile, Had obiluje uzbudljivim pogodnostima.
05:05
Here, you don’t have to worry about brutal wars or painful cycles of revenge.
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Ovde ne moraš da brineš zbog krvavih ratova ili mučnih ciklusa osvete.
05:10
You can finally just put your feet up and relax.
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Konačno možeš prosto da podigneš stopala i opustiš se.
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