A tour of the ancient Greek Underworld - Iseult Gillespie

598,192 views ・ 2023-10-24

TED-Ed


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翻译人员: Gia Hwang 校对人员: Carol Wang
00:14
Achilles, welcome!
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阿喀琉斯,欢迎你!
00:16
I’m the Sibyl of Cumae, prophetess and avid reader of leaves.
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我是库迈的西比拉女先知,酷爱读树叶。
00:21
To clarify, you were just slain in the Trojan War.
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声明一下,你刚在特洛伊战争中战死,
00:26
Sorry about that.
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我深感抱歉。
00:28
It’s normal to feel mixed emotions right now.
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此时心情复杂很正常,
00:31
But you will be immortalized as one of the greatest warriors ever.
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但你将作为有史以来 最伟大的战士之一永垂不朽,
00:38
And you’ll have endless distractions down here.
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而且你在这里会有数不清尽的消遣。
00:41
So, pros and cons.
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说一下冥府的优势和劣势:
00:43
It gets a bad rap, but the Underworld is actually a lovely place to “live.”
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冥府声誉虽差, 其实却是“生活” 的好地方。
00:50
It boasts historic charm and eccentric neighbors with eternal ties to the area.
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它充满历史魅力,有着与冥府 关系密切的古怪邻居们,
00:56
The community even has its own guard dog, Cerberus.
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甚至有专属守卫犬塞伯拉斯(地狱犬)。
01:00
Heel, boy! Oh.
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注意脚后跟,伙计!
01:01
Sorry, I know that’s a sensitive spot.
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对不起,我知道那是你的死穴。
01:04
Anyway, with Cerberus, you get three for the price of one!
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无论如何,地狱犬一条顶三条。
01:09
He’s just not a big fan of anyone leaving.
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他只是阻止亡灵离开冥府,
01:13
And who would want to leave anyway?
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有谁会想离开呢?
01:15
This is the Styx— it’s like the subterranean riviera.
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这是怒河斯堤克斯,就像冥府的海岸线。
01:21
But you’ve been here before;
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但你以前到过这里,
01:22
it was the source of your almost complete invulnerability, of course!
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当然,正是它令你几乎刀枪不入!
01:29
The Underworld also features four other waterways:
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冥府还有另外四条水道:
01:32
Acheron, the river of woe; Cocytus, river of wailing;
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怨河阿刻戎、
悲河克塞特斯、
01:37
Lethe, river of oblivion;
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遗忘河勒忒,
01:40
and Phlegethon, river of fire, a great source of natural light.
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以及火河弗莱格桑,自然光的重要来源。
01:46
Now, on your left, you’ll see the Mourning Fields,
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在你左边方向会看到哀悼场,
01:49
inhabited by souls tormented by love.
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住着饱受爱情折磨的灵魂。
01:53
Quite an attractive place, really,
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你未陷入无止境的断肠之苦时,
01:55
when you’re not in the throes of endless heartbreak.
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这确实是诱人的地方。
01:58
And without further ado:
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闲话少说,
02:00
Elysium, the Underworld’s exclusive VIP section—
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这是至福乐土,冥府的专属贵宾区,
02:06
and your permanent home.
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也是你的永久家园。
02:09
Here, you'll join the ranks of royalty and heroes.
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你将加入贵族与英雄之列,
02:13
Cadmus over there once slayed a dragon!
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那位是曾经杀过一条龙的卡德摩斯,
02:17
And Patroclus is around here somewhere, along with lots of other friends and foes.
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而且(你的挚友)帕特洛克洛斯也在,
同在的还有许多其他朋友和敌人。
02:22
I'll let you two get reacquainted soon,
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我会尽快让你俩重叙旧情,
02:24
but our tour wouldn’t be complete without a quick whirl
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但如果不快速游览 冥府的地狱塔尔塔洛斯,
02:28
through the heart of Hades: Tartarus.
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此行就不算完整。
02:33
Tisiphone here guards the portal.
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提西福涅在此守卫着传送门,
02:36
She's one of the legendary Furies
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她是传奇的复仇三女神之一,
02:38
and is particularly passionate about avenging murder.
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特别热衷于谋杀报仇。
02:42
She never sleeps.
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她从不睡觉,
02:43
So, if you need anything, just ask!
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所以,如果想知道啥,你就问吧!
02:46
Tartarus is reserved for a select few who some might call
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地狱塔耳塔罗斯是为少数人保留的,
02:50
the greatest sinners of all time.
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有人称他们是史上大罪人。
02:52
Take Ixion.
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以伊克西翁为例:
02:53
He was once a king.
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他曾是国王,
02:55
When he didn’t pay his wedding dowry,
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因没有支付结婚聘礼,
02:57
his father-in-law, Deioneus, stole his horses to get even.
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岳父狄奥尼斯为此偷了他的马。
03:01
In retaliation, Ixion pitched Deioneus into a pit of fire.
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作为报复,伊克西翁把他扔进了火坑。
03:08
Ixion was banished, but Zeus miraculously took pity on him,
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伊克西翁被驱逐, 但宙斯奇迹般地怜悯于他,
03:12
and invited him to a Mount Olympian feast.
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并邀请他参加奥林匹亚山盛宴。
03:16
There, however, it soon became clear that the disgraced king
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但是,很快就发现这位不要脸的国王
03:21
was trying to seduce Zeus’s wife, Hera.
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试图勾引宙斯的妻子赫拉。
03:24
So, Zeus contrived a trap:
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因此,宙斯设计了一个陷阱:
03:27
a fluffy cloud that resembled Hera exactly.
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一朵与赫拉完全相似的蓬松云彩。
03:30
When Zeus had proof of Ixion having his way with the cumulus,
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宙斯拿到伊克西翁 对云朵伸咸猪手的证据后,
03:35
well, you could say it was all nimbus from there.
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怒火中烧,
03:40
That landed Ixion on the flaming wheel.
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伊克西翁被绑到了燃烧的轮子上。
03:43
Poor thing.
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可怜的东西!
03:44
Oh, and don’t mind Tantalus here.
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哦,没事,他叫坦达罗斯,
03:46
He was part of the first generation of mortals,
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是第一代凡人中的一员,
03:49
enjoying privileges like dining with the gods.
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享受与众神共进晚餐等特权。
03:52
Some say Tantalus stole ambrosia from Zeus,
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有些人说坦达罗斯偷了宙斯的神酒,
03:56
others that he doubted the omniscience of the gods
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另一些人说他怀疑众神的无所不知,
03:59
and cooked his own son into a stew to see if they would notice.
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就把自己的儿子煮了给众神吃, 测试他们能否觉察到,
04:04
Naturally, they did.
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当然,众神发觉了。
04:06
And as eternal punishment, when Tantalus reaches for food,
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作为永恒的惩罚, 当坦达罗斯伸手去拿食物时,
04:10
the branches grow taller.
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树枝会长得更高;
04:13
And when he stoops to quench his thirst, the water recedes.
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而当他弯腰解渴时,水就会退去。
04:18
And here we have the Danaids.
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这是达那伊得斯(达那俄斯的女儿们),
04:21
At their father’s order, they beheaded their husbands on their wedding night.
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父亲命她们在新婚之夜 砍掉了自己丈夫的脑袋。
04:28
They must fill this basin with water.
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她们则必须把这个盆装满水,
04:31
But, the trick is, their jars are cracked, so it always... just... leaks away.
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但罐子裂了,水都漏了,永远灌不满。
04:37
Oh, but don’t worry! No leaky appliances for you.
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哦,但别担心!不给你漏水的器具用。
04:40
Finally, our last stop on the tour is one of our loveliest vistas.
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终于来到游览的最后一站, 是我们最美的景色之一。
04:45
From here, you can see the hill where Sisyphus pushes his boulder
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从这里,你能看到西西弗斯
日复一日地推着巨石上山顶,
04:50
day after day,
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04:53
only for it to roll back down again—
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然后巨石又滚落下来 ——
04:57
all for trying to cheat death.
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只因他试图欺骗死神。
04:59
As you can see, Achilles, the Underworld is full of exciting amenities.
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阿喀琉斯,如你所见, 冥府充满了激动人心的设施。
05:05
Here, you don’t have to worry about brutal wars or painful cycles of revenge.
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在这里,你不必担心残酷的战争 或痛苦的代代复仇,
05:10
You can finally just put your feet up and relax.
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你终于可以好好休息、放松放松了。
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