Arunachalam Muruganantham: How I started a sanitary napkin revolution!

604,306 views ・ 2012-11-13

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00:00
Translator: Jenny Zurawell Reviewer: Thu-Huong Ha
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譯者: I-Hsiang Lin 審譯者: Chen-Han Hsiao
00:16
So I tried to do a small good thing for my wife.
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我試著幫我太太做件小善事。
00:20
It makes me to stand here,
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結果將我送上這個舞台,
00:23
the fame, the money I got out of it.
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我也得到一些名聲和金錢。
00:25
So what I did, I'd gone back to my early marriage days.
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關於我做的事,這得回溯到我剛結婚的時候,
00:29
What you did in the early marriage days,
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你剛結婚的時候會做些什麼?
00:31
you tried to impress your wife. I did the same.
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你試著感動你太太。我也這麼做。
00:33
On that occasion, I found my wife
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當時的場景是我發現我太太
00:36
carrying something like this.
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拿著類似這個的東西。
00:38
I saw. "What is that?" I asked.
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我看到了。我問她:「那是什麼?」
00:41
My wife replied, "None of your business."
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她回答:「不關你的事。」
00:44
Then, being her husband, I ran behind her
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身為她的先生,我跑到她後面,
00:46
and saw she had a nasty rag cloth.
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看見她拿個一塊髒的破布。
00:48
I don't even use that cloth to clean my two-wheeler.
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我才不會拿那塊布擦我的摩托車。
00:51
Then I understood this -- adapting that unhygienic method
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接著我了解了 -- 她用那麼不衛生的方法
00:53
to manage her period days.
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度過她的經期。
00:56
Then I immediately asked her, why are you [using] that unhygienic method?
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接著我馬上問她:「為什麼你用這麼不衛生的方法?」
00:57
She replied, I also know about [sanitary pads],
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她說:「我也知道衛生棉這種東西,
01:01
but myself and my sisters, if they start using that,
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但是如果我還有我的姊妹們開始使用衛生棉,
01:04
we have to cut our family milk budget.
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我們就必須減少家中買牛奶的開支。」
01:07
Then I was shocked. What is the connection between
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我聽了很震驚。用衛生棉和買牛奶的錢
01:08
using a sanitary pad and a milk budget?
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之間有什麼關係?
01:09
And it's called affordability.
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這就被稱作「負擔能力」。
01:12
I tried to impress my new wife by offering her a packet of sanitary pads.
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我想給她一盒衛生棉,讓她印象深刻。
01:16
I went to a local shop, I tried to buy her a sanitary pad packet.
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我去當地一家店舖,試著買一盒衛生棉給她。
01:19
That fellow looks left and right,
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店員左看右看,
01:21
and spreads a newspaper, rolls it into the newspaper,
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翻開一張報紙,將衛生棉捲進報紙內,
01:23
gives it to me like a banned item, something like that.
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把它像違禁品一樣拿給我。
01:27
I don't know why. I did not ask for a condom.
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我不知道為什麼。我又不是買保險套。
01:31
Then I took that pad. I want to see that. What is inside it?
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於是我拿著衛生棉。我想要看看裡面是什麼。
01:35
The very first time, at the age of 29,
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生平第一次,在我29歲的時候,
01:39
that day I am touching the sanitary pad, first ever.
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我摸了衛生棉
01:41
I must know: How many of the guys here have touched a sanitary pad?
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我一定要知道,現場有多少男人曾經摸過衛生棉?
01:46
They are not going to touch that, because it's not your matter.
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他們不會摸啦,因為這不關你們的事。
01:51
Then I thought to myself, white substance, made of cotton --
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接著我心想,白色材質,由棉花作成,
01:54
oh my God, that guy is just using a penny value of raw material --
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在店裡面它們以好幾英鎊、好幾美金售出。
01:57
inside they are selling for pounds, dollars.
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我的天啊,這其中的原料只價值幾分錢啊,
02:00
Why not make a local sanitary pad for my new wife?
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為什麼不為我的新老婆做個當地的衛生棉呢?
02:05
That's how all this started, but after making a sanitary pad,
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這就是故事的開始。但是做了一塊衛生棉後,
02:08
where can I check it?
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我要怎麼測試?
02:09
It's not like I can just check it in the lab.
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我可不能在實驗室內測試。
02:12
I need a woman volunteer. Where can I get one in India?
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我需要一個女性自願者。在印度我哪裡找的到?
02:15
Even in Bangalore you won't get [one], in India.
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即使在印度的班加羅爾你也找不到。
02:19
So only problem: the only available victim is my wife.
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所以唯一的問題是我太太是唯一可得的受試者。
02:24
Then I made a sanitary pad and handed it to Shanti -- my wife's name is Shanti.
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接著我做了一塊衛生棉,拿給 Shanti -- 我太太的名字叫做 Shanti。
02:29
"Close your eyes. Whatever I give,
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「閉上眼睛。不管我給你的是什麼,
02:30
it will be not a diamond pendant
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它既不是鑽石墜子,
02:32
not a diamond ring, even a chocolate,
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也不是鑽石戒指,更不是巧克力,
02:33
I will give you a surprise with a lot of tinsel paper rolled up with it.
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我要給你個用很多金箔紙包起來的驚喜。
02:37
Close your eyes."
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閉上眼睛。」
02:39
Because I tried to make it intimate.
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我試著將它變得很親密。
02:42
Because it's an arranged marriage, not a love marriage.
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因為我們是被指定結婚的,不是因為相愛而結婚的。
02:45
(Laughter)
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(笑聲)
02:48
So one day she said, openly, I'm not going to support this research.
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於是有一天她坦白地說她不會支持我的研究。
02:51
Then other victims, they got into my sisters.
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剩下的受害者就是我的姊妹們。
02:54
But even sisters, wives, they're not ready to support in the research.
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即使是姊妹和妻子,她們都尚未準備好來支持這項研究。
02:58
That's why I am always jealous with the saints in India.
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這也是為什麼我總是非常忌妒印度的聖人。
03:01
They are having a lot of women volunteers around them.
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他們身邊總是有很多女性自願者。
03:04
Why I am not getting [any]?
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為什麼我連一個都找不到?
03:06
You know, without them even calling, they'll get a lot of women volunteers.
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你知道嗎,他們連出聲都不用,就會招來很多女性自願者。
03:14
Then I used, tried to use the medical college girls.
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接著我試著找醫學院的女生。
03:17
They also refused. Finally, I decide,
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她們也拒絕了。最後,我決定,
03:20
use sanitary pad myself.
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我要自己用衛生棉。
03:23
Now I am having a title like
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現在我有個類似
03:25
the first man to set foot on the moon.
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第一個踏上月球的男人 -- 阿姆斯壯 --
03:29
Armstrong. Then Tenzing [and] Hillary, in Everest,
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還有第一個登上聖母峰 -- 丹增和希拉瑞 -- 的封號。
03:32
like that Muruganantham is the first man
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Muruganantham 是地球上
03:34
wore a sanitary pad across the globe.
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第一個用衛生棉的男人。
03:38
I wore a sanitary pad. I filled animal blood in a football bottle,
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我用衛生棉。我將動物的血裝在足球瓶中,
03:41
I tied it up here, there is a tube going into my panties,
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我把它綁高在這裡,有一條管子連到我的內褲,
03:44
while I'm walking, while I'm cycling, I made a press,
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當我走路,騎腳踏車,我壓一下,
03:47
doses of blood will go there.
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血就會留下去。
03:49
That makes me bow down to any woman in front of me
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這讓我跟在我面前的任何女性鞠躬,
03:53
to give full respect. That five days I'll never forget --
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以展現我對她們的尊敬。我永遠忘不了這五天 --
03:56
the messy days, the lousy days, that wetness.
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這些混亂,糟糕的日子,還有潮濕。
03:59
My God, it's unbelievable.
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我的天啊,真是令人不敢相信。
04:04
But here the problem is, one company is making napkin
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但問題是,有個公司用棉花製造餐巾。
04:09
out of cotton. It is working well.
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運作得很好。
04:11
But I am also trying to make sanitary pad with the good cotton. It's not working.
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我也試著用好的棉花製作衛生棉。但是行不通。
04:14
That makes me to want to refuse to continue this research and research and research.
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這讓我有了放棄繼續研究的念頭。
04:18
You need first funds.
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首先需要的是資金。
04:20
Not only financial crises, but because of the sanitary pad research,
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因為衛生棉研究,我有的不只是財務危機,
04:23
I come through all sorts of problems, including
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還有各種問題,
04:27
a divorce notice from my wife.
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包括我太太的離婚通知。
04:29
Why is this? I used medical college girls.
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為什麼?因為我和醫學院女生合作。
04:32
She suspects I am using as a trump card
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她懷疑這是我用來
04:35
to run behind medical college girls.
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追醫學院女生的王牌。
04:38
Finally, I came to know it is a special cellulose
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最後我才了解需要用一種
04:41
derived from a pinewood, but even after that,
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從松木中萃取出的特殊纖維質,但即使這樣,
04:43
you need a multimillion-dollar plant like this
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你還是需要像這樣價值價千萬的工廠
04:45
to process that material. Again, a stop-up.
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來製造原料。又是一個障礙。
04:49
Then I spend another four years to create my own
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於是我花了四年創造我自己的機器,
04:52
machine tools, a simple machine tool like this.
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像這樣一台簡單的機器。
04:55
In this machine, any rural woman can apply the same
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投過它,任何鄉村的女人可以用相同的原料,
04:58
raw materials that they are processing in the multinational plant,
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像是他們在幾千萬廠房內處理的原料,
05:01
anyone can make a world-class napkin at your dining hall.
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任何人都可以在你家餐廳製作世界級的餐巾。
05:05
That is my invention.
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這就是我的發明。
05:08
So after that, what I did,
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在那之後,我做的事情是這樣的,
05:11
usually if anyone got a patent or an invention,
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通常如果有人發明了什麼
05:14
immediately you want to make, convert into this.
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你立刻想要把它申請專利。
05:18
I never did this. I dropped it just like this,
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我從沒這麼做。我把它像這樣丟下,
05:21
because you do this, if anyone runs after money,
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因為如果汲汲營營的人這麼做了,
05:24
their life will not [have] any beauty. It is boredom.
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他們的生命一點都不美麗。有的只是無趣。
05:28
A lot of people making a lot of money, billion,
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很多人賺了很多錢,幾十億,
05:30
billions of dollars accumulating.
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累積了幾十億的財富。
05:32
Why are they coming for, finally, for philanthropy?
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為什麼最後他們要投身於慈善事業?
05:34
Why the need for accumulating money, then doing philanthropy?
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為什麼需要累積財富,然後做慈善事業?
05:38
What if one decided to start philanthropy from the day one?
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如果有人第一天就決定要做慈善事業會是怎麼樣?
05:41
That's why I am giving this machine
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這就是為什麼我將這台機器
05:45
only in rural India, for rural women, because in India,
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只給印度鄉村女人的原因,因為在印度,
05:49
[you'll be] surprised, only two percent of women
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說出來你會很驚訝,只有百分之二的女人
05:51
are using sanitary pads. The rest, they're using a rag cloth,
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在使用衛生棉。剩下的都用一塊破布,
05:55
a leaf, husk, [saw] dust, everything except sanitary pads.
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一片葉子,外皮,一些垃圾,反正都不是衛生棉的東西。
05:58
It is the same in the 21st century. That's why I am going
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到21世紀還是一樣。這是為什麼
06:01
to decide to give this machine only for poor women across India.
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我決定只要給全印度窮困女人這台機器。
06:04
So far, 630 installations happened in 23 states
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到目前為止,有630台機器裝在6個其他國家
06:08
in six other countries.
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的23個州裡面。
06:10
Now I'm on my seventh year sustaining against
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現在已經是我持續對抗跨國大規模企業的第七年 --
06:15
multinational, transnational giants -- makes all MBA students a question mark.
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這對所有MBA學生都是一個疑問。
06:20
A school dropout from Coimbatore, how he is able to sustaining?
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一個哥印拜陀的輟學生,他是如何能夠堅持下來?
06:23
That makes me a visiting professor and guest lecturer in all IIMs.
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於是我變成印度管理學院的客座教授和客座講師。
06:29
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
06:34
Play video one.
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播放第一個影片。
06:37
(Video) Arunachalam Muruganantham: The thing I saw in my wife's hand, "Why are you using that nasty cloth?"
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(影片) Arunachalam Muruganantham:我看到我太太手中的東西:「為什麼你要用那塊髒布?」
06:42
She replied immediately, "I know about napkins, but if I start
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她立刻回答:「我知道衛生棉,但是如果我開始
06:47
using napkins, then we have to cut our family milk budget."
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用衛生棉,我們就必須減少家中買牛奶的開支。」
06:51
Why not make myself a low-cost napkin?
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我什麼我不自己做低成本的衛生棉呢?
06:55
So I decided I'm going to sell this new machine
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於是我決定只將這台新機器
06:58
only for Women Self Help Groups.
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賣給女人自助團體。
07:05
That is my idea.
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這就是我的想法。
07:09
AM: And previously, you need a multimillion investment
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以前你需要投資幾千萬
07:14
for machine and all. Now, any rural woman can.
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在機器和所有設備中。現在,任何鄉村女人都可以做。
07:17
They are performing puja.
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她們在進行普迦儀式(印度教向神祇膜拜儀式)。
07:19
(Video): (Singing)
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(影片):(歌聲)
07:36
You just think, competing giants,
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你想想,跟巨人競爭,
07:41
even from Harvard, Oxford, is difficult.
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即使跟哈佛和牛津競爭都很困難了。
07:43
I make a rural woman to compete with multinationals.
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我讓鄉村的女人和跨國企業競爭。
07:46
I'm sustaining on seventh year.
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我已經持續了七年了。
07:47
Already 600 installations. What is my mission?
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大約裝了600台機器。我的任務是什麼?
07:49
I'm going to make India
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我要在我有生之日,
07:51
[into] a 100-percent-sanitary-napkin-using country in my lifetime.
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讓印度成為百分之百使用衛生棉的國家。
07:55
In this way I'm going to provide not less than a million
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透過這個任務,
07:57
rural employment that I'm going to create.
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我會創造超過一百萬的鄉村就業機會。
07:59
That's why I'm not running after this bloody money.
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這也是為什麼我不追求沾滿血腥的金錢。
08:03
I'm doing something serious.
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我要做重要的事。
08:04
If you chase a girl, the girl won't like you.
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如果你追一個女孩,她不喜歡你。
08:09
Do your job simply, the girl will chase you.
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只要做你的工作,她就會來追你。
08:11
Like that, I never chased Mahalakshmi.
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就像這樣,我從沒有追過 Mahalakshmi。
08:14
Mahalakshmi is chasing me, I am keeping in the back pocket.
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Mahalakshmi 追著我跑,我把它放在我的後口袋裡。
08:18
Not in front pocket. I'm a back pocket man.
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不放在前面的口袋。我是個放後口袋的男人。
08:23
That's all. A school dropout saw your problem in the society
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這就是我的故事。一個輟學生看到社會中
08:26
of not using sanitary pad.
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不使用衛生棉的問題。
08:28
I am becoming a solution provider. I'm very happy.
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我現在變成一個解決問題的人。我很開心。
08:31
I don't want to make this as a corporate entity.
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我不要將這變成一家實體的公司。
08:34
I want to make this as a local sanitary pad movement
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我要將這當地的衛生棉運動
08:38
across the globe. That's why I put all the details
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推廣到全球。這是為什麼我將所有細節
08:40
on public domain like an open software.
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當成開放軟體般分享給大眾。
08:44
Now 110 countries are accessing it. Okay?
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現在有110個國家在評量這個計畫。相信嗎?
08:48
So I classify the people into three:
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於是我將人們分成三類:
08:52
uneducated, little educated, surplus educated.
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未受教育的,受一點點教育的,受太多教育的。
08:59
Little educated, done this. Surplus educated,
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受一點點教育的做了這個。受太多教育的。
09:03
what are you going to do for the society?
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你將為這個社會做什麼?
09:05
Thank you very much. Bye!
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謝謝你們。再見!
09:08
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
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