Arunachalam Muruganantham: How I started a sanitary napkin revolution!

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2012-11-13 ・ TED


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Arunachalam Muruganantham: How I started a sanitary napkin revolution!

601,554 views ・ 2012-11-13

TED


Dvaput kliknite na engleske titlove ispod za reprodukciju videozapisa.

00:00
Translator: Jenny Zurawell Reviewer: Thu-Huong Ha
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Prevoditelj: Senzos Osijek Recezent: Ivan Sudić
00:16
So I tried to do a small good thing for my wife.
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Pokušao sam učiniti nešto dobro za svoju ženu.
00:20
It makes me to stand here,
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Zbog toga sada ovdje stojim,
00:23
the fame, the money I got out of it.
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iz toga su proizašli slava i novac.
00:25
So what I did, I'd gone back to my early marriage days.
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Kako bih objasnio ono što sam učinio, moram se vratiti u početke svog bračnog života
00:29
What you did in the early marriage days,
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ono što pokušavamo učiniti u tim danima
00:31
you tried to impress your wife. I did the same.
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jest zadiviti svoju suprugu. To sam ja i činio.
00:33
On that occasion, I found my wife
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Jednom prilikom, zatekao sam suprugu
00:36
carrying something like this.
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kako nosi nešto poput ovoga
00:38
I saw. "What is that?" I asked.
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Zinuo sam. "Što je ovo?" upitao sam
00:41
My wife replied, "None of your business."
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Ona je odgovorila "To se tebe ne tiče"
00:44
Then, being her husband, I ran behind her
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Zatim, budući da sam njezin suprug, pratio sam je trčeći
00:46
and saw she had a nasty rag cloth.
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i shvatio sam kako drži prljavu staru krpu
00:48
I don't even use that cloth to clean my two-wheeler.
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Takvu krpu ne koristim niti za čišćenje svog motora
00:51
Then I understood this -- adapting that unhygienic method
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Potom sam shvatio -- ona primjenjuje tu nehigijensku metodu
00:53
to manage her period days.
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kako bi prebrodila svoj menstrualni ciklus
00:56
Then I immediately asked her, why are you [using] that unhygienic method?
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Zatim sam je upitao, zašto primjenjuješ tako nehigijensku metodu?
00:57
She replied, I also know about [sanitary pads],
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Odgovorila je, čula sam za uloške
01:01
but myself and my sisters, if they start using that,
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no ako ih moje sestre i ja počnemo koristiti
01:04
we have to cut our family milk budget.
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nećemo si moći priuštiti mlijeko
01:07
Then I was shocked. What is the connection between
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To me je šokiralo. Koja je poveznica između
01:08
using a sanitary pad and a milk budget?
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korištenja uložaka i kupnje mlijeka ?
01:09
And it's called affordability.
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Ta poveznica jest priuštivost.
01:12
I tried to impress my new wife by offering her a packet of sanitary pads.
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Pokušao sam zadiviti suprugu nudeći joj paket higijenskih uložaka.
01:16
I went to a local shop, I tried to buy her a sanitary pad packet.
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Otišao sam u mjesnu trgovinu s ciljem da kupim paket higijenskih uložaka
01:19
That fellow looks left and right,
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Prodavač je pogledao lijevo pa desno ,
01:21
and spreads a newspaper, rolls it into the newspaper,
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otvorio novine, a zatim paket zamotao u novine
01:23
gives it to me like a banned item, something like that.
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dajući mi ih poput kakvog zabranjenog predmeta, nešto poput toga
01:27
I don't know why. I did not ask for a condom.
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Ne shvaćam zašto. Nisam tražio prezervative
01:31
Then I took that pad. I want to see that. What is inside it?
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Zatim sam uzeo uloške. Htio sam ih vidjeti. Što je unutra?
01:35
The very first time, at the age of 29,
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Prvi puta u životu, u dobi od 29 godina
01:39
that day I am touching the sanitary pad, first ever.
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toga sam dana dodirnuo higijenski uložak, prvi put ikada.
01:41
I must know: How many of the guys here have touched a sanitary pad?
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Moram znati: Koliko je muškaraca ovdje dotaknulo higijenski uložak?
01:46
They are not going to touch that, because it's not your matter.
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Oni neće to dirati, jer to nije njihov problem.
01:51
Then I thought to myself, white substance, made of cotton --
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Onda pomislih, bijeli materijal, načinjen od pamuka --
01:54
oh my God, that guy is just using a penny value of raw material --
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o moj Bože, taj čovjek sirov materijal u vrijednosti jednog penija
01:57
inside they are selling for pounds, dollars.
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prodaje za dolare i funte
02:00
Why not make a local sanitary pad for my new wife?
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Zašto ne bih napravio vlastiti higijenski uložak za svoju suprugu?
02:05
That's how all this started, but after making a sanitary pad,
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Tako je sve započelo, no nakon što izradim higijenski uložak,
02:08
where can I check it?
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gdje mogu provjeriti njegovu funkcionalnost ?
02:09
It's not like I can just check it in the lab.
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Nije baš da imam pristup laboratoriju
02:12
I need a woman volunteer. Where can I get one in India?
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Trebam ženskog dobrovoljca. Gdje ga mogu pronaći u Indiji?
02:15
Even in Bangalore you won't get [one], in India.
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U Indiji, čak ni u Bangaloru ga ne možete pronaći.
02:19
So only problem: the only available victim is my wife.
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Dakle jedini problem jest: jedina dostupna žrtva je moja supruga.
02:24
Then I made a sanitary pad and handed it to Shanti -- my wife's name is Shanti.
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Tada sam izradio higijenski uložak i predao ga Shanti -- moja žena se zove Shanti.
02:29
"Close your eyes. Whatever I give,
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"Zatvori oči. Što god da ti poklonim,
02:30
it will be not a diamond pendant
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to neće biti dijamantni privjesak
02:32
not a diamond ring, even a chocolate,
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niti dijamantni prsten, čak niti čokolada
02:33
I will give you a surprise with a lot of tinsel paper rolled up with it.
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Dat ću ti iznenađenje zamotano u blistavi papir
02:37
Close your eyes."
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Zatvori oči."
02:39
Because I tried to make it intimate.
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Pokušao sam ostvariti intiman ugođaj
02:42
Because it's an arranged marriage, not a love marriage.
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jer je naš brak dogovoren brak, ne brak iz ljubavi.
02:45
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
02:48
So one day she said, openly, I'm not going to support this research.
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Zatim mi je jednog dana otvoreno rekla, neću poduprijeti ovo istraživanje
02:51
Then other victims, they got into my sisters.
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A zatim i druge žrtve, pridobili su i moje sestre.
02:54
But even sisters, wives, they're not ready to support in the research.
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No čak niti sestre, supruge, nisu bile spremne poduprijeti istraživanje.
02:58
That's why I am always jealous with the saints in India.
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Zbog toga sam uvijek ljubomoran na svece u Indiji.
03:01
They are having a lot of women volunteers around them.
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Oni su uvijek okruženi mnoštvom žena dobrovoljaca.
03:04
Why I am not getting [any]?
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Zašto ih ja ne mogu pridobiti?
03:06
You know, without them even calling, they'll get a lot of women volunteers.
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Znate, čak i kada ih ne zovu, dobit će mnoštvo ženskih dobrovoljaca.
03:14
Then I used, tried to use the medical college girls.
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Tada sam za pomoć upitao studentice medicine-
03:17
They also refused. Finally, I decide,
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ali i one su me odbile. Konačno, odlučio sam
03:20
use sanitary pad myself.
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primijeniti higijenske uloške na sebi.
03:23
Now I am having a title like
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Sada vidim naslovnicu
03:25
the first man to set foot on the moon.
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prvi čovjek koji je kročio mjesecom.
03:29
Armstrong. Then Tenzing [and] Hillary, in Everest,
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Armostrog. Zatim Tenzing i Hillary, prvi koji su osvojili Everest
03:32
like that Muruganantham is the first man
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poput njih, Muruganantham je prvi čovjek
03:34
wore a sanitary pad across the globe.
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koji je koristio higijenski uložak na čitavoj Zemlji.
03:38
I wore a sanitary pad. I filled animal blood in a football bottle,
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Nosio sam higijenski uložak. Napunio sam bočicu životinjskom krvlju,
03:41
I tied it up here, there is a tube going into my panties,
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svezao je ovdje, ondje je cijev koja završava u mojim gaćicama
03:44
while I'm walking, while I'm cycling, I made a press,
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hodajući, vozeći se na biciklu, stvarao sam pritisak
03:47
doses of blood will go there.
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određena količina krvi odlazi ondje.
03:49
That makes me bow down to any woman in front of me
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Radi ovoga naklanjam se svim ženama
03:53
to give full respect. That five days I'll never forget --
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kako bih im iskazao puno poštovanje. Tih pet dana nikada neću zaboraviti--
03:56
the messy days, the lousy days, that wetness.
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neuredni dani, prljavi dani, ta vlažnost.
03:59
My God, it's unbelievable.
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Moj Bože, to je nevjerojatno.
04:04
But here the problem is, one company is making napkin
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Ali problem je u ovome, jedna tvornica prozvodi uložak
04:09
out of cotton. It is working well.
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od pamuka koji je funkcionalan.
04:11
But I am also trying to make sanitary pad with the good cotton. It's not working.
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Ali ja takoder pokušavam izraditi higijenski uložak od kvalitetnog pamuka, ali uložak nije funkcionalan.
04:14
That makes me to want to refuse to continue this research and research and research.
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Zbog ovoga sam poželio odustati od nastavka tog istraživanja i istraživanja i istraživanja.
04:18
You need first funds.
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Trebate početni kapital.
04:20
Not only financial crises, but because of the sanitary pad research,
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Ne samo poradi financijske krize, već i zbog istraživanja higijenskih uložaka,
04:23
I come through all sorts of problems, including
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naišao sam na čitav niz problema, uključujući
04:27
a divorce notice from my wife.
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zahtjev za rastavom braka od supruge.
04:29
Why is this? I used medical college girls.
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Zašto? Pomagale su mi studentice medicine.
04:32
She suspects I am using as a trump card
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Ona sumnja da koristim istraživanje kao paravan
04:35
to run behind medical college girls.
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za zavođenje studentica medicine.
04:38
Finally, I came to know it is a special cellulose
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Konačno, shvatio sam da se radi o posebnoj celulozi
04:41
derived from a pinewood, but even after that,
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dobivenoj iz stabla bora, no čak i nakon ovoga,
04:43
you need a multimillion-dollar plant like this
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trebate multimilijunsko postrojenje poput ovoga
04:45
to process that material. Again, a stop-up.
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za preradu tog materijala. Ponovno, nova prepreka.
04:49
Then I spend another four years to create my own
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Sljedeće četiri godine proveo sam stvarajući vlastiti
04:52
machine tools, a simple machine tool like this.
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uređaj, jednostavan uređaj poput ovoga.
04:55
In this machine, any rural woman can apply the same
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Koristeći ovaj uređaj, bilo koja seoska žena može iskoristiti
04:58
raw materials that they are processing in the multinational plant,
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iste sirove materijale koji se prerađuju u multinacionalnim postrojenjima,
05:01
anyone can make a world-class napkin at your dining hall.
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Bilo tko može prirediti ubrus svjetske klase u svojoj blagovaonici.
05:05
That is my invention.
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Ovo je moj izum.
05:08
So after that, what I did,
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No nakon ovoga, što sam učinio
05:11
usually if anyone got a patent or an invention,
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Obično kada netko ostvari patent ili izum
05:14
immediately you want to make, convert into this.
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odmah želi prihodovati, pretvoriti ga u ovo.
05:18
I never did this. I dropped it just like this,
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No ja to nisam učinio. Odustao sam od toga baš ovako,
05:21
because you do this, if anyone runs after money,
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jer ukoliko to učiniš, trčeći za novcem
05:24
their life will not [have] any beauty. It is boredom.
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tvoj život gubi ljepotu. Postane dosadan.
05:28
A lot of people making a lot of money, billion,
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Mnogo ljudi zarađuje velike svote novca, milijarde,
05:30
billions of dollars accumulating.
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akumuliraju milijarde dolara.
05:32
Why are they coming for, finally, for philanthropy?
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Koji je njihov cilj, filantropija?
05:34
Why the need for accumulating money, then doing philanthropy?
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Zašto je potrebno prvo nakupiti novac, a tek potom postati filantrop?
05:38
What if one decided to start philanthropy from the day one?
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Što ako netko odluči biti filantropom od prvog dana?
05:41
That's why I am giving this machine
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Zato poklanjam ovaj uređaj
05:45
only in rural India, for rural women, because in India,
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samo u Indiji, seoskim ženama, jer u Indiji
05:49
[you'll be] surprised, only two percent of women
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bit ćete iznenađeni, samo 2% žena
05:51
are using sanitary pads. The rest, they're using a rag cloth,
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koristi higijenske uloške. Ostatak koristi grube krpe,
05:55
a leaf, husk, [saw] dust, everything except sanitary pads.
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list, ljuske, piljevinu, sve osim higijenskih uložaka.
05:58
It is the same in the 21st century. That's why I am going
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Stanje je isto i u 21. stoljeću. Zbog toga sam odlučio
06:01
to decide to give this machine only for poor women across India.
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pokloniti ovaj uređaj samo siromašnim ženama diljem Indije.
06:04
So far, 630 installations happened in 23 states
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Dosada je poklonjeno 630 uređaja u 23 države
06:08
in six other countries.
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u šest drugih zemalja.
06:10
Now I'm on my seventh year sustaining against
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Ovo je sedma godina kako se odupirem
06:15
multinational, transnational giants -- makes all MBA students a question mark.
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multinacionalnim korporacijama -- zbog toga se svi studenti poslovne ekonomije pitaju:
06:20
A school dropout from Coimbatore, how he is able to sustaining?
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Čovjek koji je odustao od školovanja, kako se može odupirati?
06:23
That makes me a visiting professor and guest lecturer in all IIMs.
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Zbog toga sam gostujući profesor i predavač u Indijskoj školi menadžmenta.
06:29
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
06:34
Play video one.
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Pokreni prvi video.
06:37
(Video) Arunachalam Muruganantham: The thing I saw in my wife's hand, "Why are you using that nasty cloth?"
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(Video) Arunachalam Muruganantham: Stvar koju sam ugledao u rukama supruge, "Zašto koristiš tu prljavu krpu?"
06:42
She replied immediately, "I know about napkins, but if I start
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Odmah je odgovorila, " Čula sam za uloške, no ukoliko ih počnem
06:47
using napkins, then we have to cut our family milk budget."
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koristiti, nećemo biti u mogućnosti priuštiti si mlijeko."
06:51
Why not make myself a low-cost napkin?
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Zašto ne izraditi vlastiti, jeftini uložak?
06:55
So I decided I'm going to sell this new machine
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Stoga sam odlučio prodati ovaj novi uredaj
06:58
only for Women Self Help Groups.
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samo za udrugama za pomoć ženama.
07:05
That is my idea.
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To je moja ideja.
07:09
AM: And previously, you need a multimillion investment
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AM: Prije je bilo neophodno multimilijunsko ulaganje
07:14
for machine and all. Now, any rural woman can.
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u uređaj i ostalo. Danas, svaka žena može proizvoditi vlastite uloške
07:17
They are performing puja.
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Izvode ritual "Puja"
07:19
(Video): (Singing)
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(Video): (pjevanje)
07:36
You just think, competing giants,
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Samo pomislite koliko je teško natjecati se s divovima
07:41
even from Harvard, Oxford, is difficult.
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čak s Harvarda ili Oxforda.
07:43
I make a rural woman to compete with multinationals.
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Radi mene ove se seoske žene natječu s mulatinacionalnim korporacijama.
07:46
I'm sustaining on seventh year.
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Odupirem im se već sedam godina.
07:47
Already 600 installations. What is my mission?
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Prodano je već 600 uređaja. Što je moja misija?
07:49
I'm going to make India
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Preobrazit ću Indiju u zemlju
07:51
[into] a 100-percent-sanitary-napkin-using country in my lifetime.
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stopostotne uporabe higijenskih uložaka tijekom svog života.
07:55
In this way I'm going to provide not less than a million
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Ovim ću načinom osigurati gotovo milijun
07:57
rural employment that I'm going to create.
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radnih mjesta.
07:59
That's why I'm not running after this bloody money.
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Zato ne trčim za prokletim novcem.
08:03
I'm doing something serious.
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ja radim nešto ozbiljno.
08:04
If you chase a girl, the girl won't like you.
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Ukoliko trčiš za djevojkom, ona će te odbiti.
08:09
Do your job simply, the girl will chase you.
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Ako jednostavno radiš svoj posao, djevojka će trčati za tobom.
08:11
Like that, I never chased Mahalakshmi.
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Slično tome, nikada nisam trčao za Mahalakshmi
08:14
Mahalakshmi is chasing me, I am keeping in the back pocket.
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Ona je progonila mene, ja sam bio u pozadini.
08:18
Not in front pocket. I'm a back pocket man.
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Nisam napadan, ja sam covjek u pozadini.
08:23
That's all. A school dropout saw your problem in the society
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To je sve. Čovjek koji je odustao od škole vidio je problem nekorištenja
08:26
of not using sanitary pad.
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higijenskih uložaka u društvu.
08:28
I am becoming a solution provider. I'm very happy.
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Ja nudim rješenje. Veoma sam sretan.
08:31
I don't want to make this as a corporate entity.
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Ne želim od ovoga stvoriti korporaciju.
08:34
I want to make this as a local sanitary pad movement
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Želim napraviti lokalni pokret o higijenskim ulošcima
08:38
across the globe. That's why I put all the details
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diljem svijeta. Zato sam sve detalje
08:40
on public domain like an open software.
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javno objavio.
08:44
Now 110 countries are accessing it. Okay?
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Sada im se može pristupiti iz 110 zemalja. U redu?
08:48
So I classify the people into three:
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Stoga dijelim ljude u tri skupine:
08:52
uneducated, little educated, surplus educated.
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neobrazovane, malo obrazovane te prekomjerno obrazovane.
08:59
Little educated, done this. Surplus educated,
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Malo obrazovani čine ovo. Prekomjerni obrazovani,
09:03
what are you going to do for the society?
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što ćete vi učiniti za društvo?
09:05
Thank you very much. Bye!
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Puno vam hvala! Pozdrav!
09:08
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
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