The laws that sex workers really want | Juno Mac

譯者: Deborah Lu 審譯者: Regina Chu

I want to talk about sex for money.

我要講的是性交易。

I'm not like most of the people you'll have heard speaking

不同於以往

說過「性交易」主題的演講者，

about prostitution before.

I'm not a police officer or a social worker.

我並不是警員或社工，

I'm not an academic, a journalist or a politician.

也不是學術家，記者或政治家。

And as you'll probably have picked up from Maryam's blurb,

而且，也許你已聽說了，

我也不是修女。

I'm not a nun, either.

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

Most of those people would tell you that selling sex is degrading;

那些人，大多數會說 性交易是低級的；

that no one would ever choose to do it;

是沒人會選擇的；

that it's dangerous; women get abused and killed.

是很危險，會讓女性 受虐待和殺害的。

In fact, most of those people would say,

而且他們會提出，

"There should be a law against it!"

「這該有法律禁止的！」

Maybe that sounds reasonable to you.

相信在你聽來有道理。

It sounded reasonable to me until the closing months of 2009,

我也覺得有道理， 直到 2009 年底。

when I was working two dead-end, minimum-wage jobs.

當時我有兩個毫無前景的 最低時薪工作。

Every month my wages would just replenish my overdraft.

每個月的薪資都不夠 填補我的透支。

I was exhausted and my life was going nowhere.

我感到精疲力竭， 我的生活陷入僵局。

Like many others before me,

就如其他同行一樣，

I decided sex for money was a better option.

我覺得性交易是個較好的出路。

Now don't get me wrong --

但別誤會，

I would have loved to have won the lottery instead.

我當然更希望能贏樂透。

But it wasn't going to happen anytime soon,

但贏的機率很低，

and my rent needed paying.

我還有房租得支付。

So I signed up for my first shift in a brothel.

所以我開始在妓院工作。

In the years that have passed,

在之後的幾年裡，

I've had a lot of time to think.

我有了很多時間去思考。

I've reconsidered the ideas I once had about prostitution.

我重新審視我之前 對「性交易」的見解。

I've given a lot of thought to consent

我思考關於「意願」，

and the nature of work under capitalism.

以及資本主義下的工作本質。

I've thought about gender inequality

我思考有關性別上的不平等

and the sexual and reproductive labor of women.

和女性在性行為和生殖上的勞動。

I've experienced exploitation and violence at work.

工作上我曾遭遇暴力和剝削。

I've thought about what's needed

我也想過該如何能

to protect other sex workers from these things.

捍衛性工作者不受類似傷害。

Maybe you've thought about them, too.

也許你也想過。

In this talk,

在這演說裡，

I'll take you through the four main legal approaches

我會介紹全球四大法制

applied to sex work throughout the world,

應用於性工作上，

and explain why they don't work;

並解說為什麼沒用；

why prohibiting the sex industry actually exacerbates every harm

為何禁止色情行業只是更加害

性工作者成為弱者。

that sex workers are vulnerable to.

Then I'm going tell you about what we, as sex workers, actually want.

然後我會介紹性工作者 真正想要什麼。

The first approach is full criminalization.

第一種法治是全面非法化。

Half the world,

有一半的國家，

包括俄羅斯、南非， 以及大部分在美國的州，

including Russia, South Africa and most of the US,

regulates sex work by criminalizing everyone involved.

管制性工作以罪犯化 處置所有相關人士。

So that's seller, buyer and third parties.

這包括了賣者、嫖者， 以及所有相關仲介。

Lawmakers in these countries apparently hope

這些立法者是期望

that the fear of getting arrested will deter people from selling sex.

能嚇止這些人進行性交易。

But if you're forced to choose between obeying the law

但在只能選擇「遵法」

and feeding yourself or your family,

或「自我及家人溫飽」，

you're going to do the work anyway,

你會選擇繼續賣淫，

and take the risk.

冒被捕的風險。

Criminalization is a trap.

罪犯化制度是有弊端的。

It's hard to get a conventional job when you have a criminal record.

在有了犯罪記錄後， 很難再找到正當工作。

Potential employers won't hire you.

一般雇主都不會聘用你。

Assuming you still need money,

假設你仍需要錢，

you'll stay in the more flexible, informal economy.

你會留在較有彈性的 非正式經濟裡。

The law forces you to keep selling sex,

法律迫使你繼續賣性維生，

which is the exact opposite of its intended effect.

這違背了原來訂法的用意。

Being criminalized leaves you exposed to mistreatment by the state itself.

被定罪後會使你受到 州政府的不平等待遇。

In many places you may be coerced into paying a bribe

在許多時候，你得行賄

or even into having sex with a police officer

甚至得跟員警性交

to avoid arrest.

來避免拘捕。

Police and prison guards in Cambodia, for example,

例如，在柬埔寨的 警察和獄警人員

have been documented subjecting sex workers

就有被記錄強迫性工作者

to what can only be described as torture:

接受酷刑：

threats at gunpoint,

如槍口下威脅、

beatings, electric shocks, rape

毆打、電擊、強姦

and denial of food.

和不供給食物。

Another worrying thing:

另一個憂人的法規是：

if you're selling sex in places like Kenya, South Africa or New York,

如果你在如肯亞、 南非或紐約的地方賣淫，

a police officer can arrest you if you're caught carrying condoms,

一名警員可以因你 攜帶保險套而拘捕你，

because condoms can legally be used as evidence that you're selling sex.

因為保險套在法律上 可以作為你賣淫的證據。

Obviously, this increases HIV risk.

顯然，這會增加染愛滋病的機率。

Imagine knowing if you're busted carrying condoms,

想像一下，如果你知道 攜帶保險套會被拘捕，

it'll be used against you.

會用來定你的罪，

It's a pretty strong incentive to leave them at home, right?

想必會將它留在家裡，不是嗎？

Sex workers working in these places are forced to make a tough choice

這些地方的性工作者 面臨兩難的抉擇，

between risking arrest or having risky sex.

冒被捕的風險或染性病的風險。

What would you choose?

你會怎麼選擇呢？

Would you pack condoms to go to work?

你會攜帶保險套上班嗎？

How about if you're worried

那如果你也擔心

the police officer would rape you when he got you in the van?

警察一帶你上車就強姦你呢？

The second approach to regulating sex work seen in these countries

第二種法規，所見於這幾個國家

is partial criminalization,

是局部判罪，

where the buying and selling of sex are legal,

就是說買性和賣淫是合法的，

but surrounding activities,

但是週邊活動，

like brothel-keeping or soliciting on the street, are banned.

像是妓院或街上招客都是禁止的。

Laws like these --

這樣的法律

在英國和法國都有。

we have them in the UK and in France --

essentially say to us sex workers,

基本上是對性工作者說，

"Hey, we don't mind you selling sex,

「嘿，我們不介意你賣淫，

just make sure it's done behind closed doors

只要是在暗地裡，

and all alone."

單獨發生。」

And brothel-keeping, by the way,

順便說明「妓院」的定義

is defined as just two or more sex workers working together.

是指一個以上的賣淫者共事就算。

Making that illegal means that many of us work alone,

因為如此，我們大多都單獨工作，

which obviously makes us vulnerable to violent offenders.

因此讓我們容易遭受暴力。

But we're also vulnerable

但就算我們選擇非法共事，

if we choose to break the law by working together.

我們還是處於弱勢。

A couple of years ago,

幾年前，

a friend of mine was nervous after she was attacked at work,

我一個朋友在遭受暴力後， 一直很緊張，

so I said that she could see her clients from my place for a while.

我就邀她先暫時在我那兒接客。

During that time,

在那段時間裡，

we had another guy turn nasty.

就遇到另一個惡劣的嫖客。

I told the guy to leave or I'd call the police.

我叫那嫖客快離開，不然就叫警察。

And he looked at the two of us and said,

他看著我們倆說：

"You girls can't call the cops.

「妳們不能叫警察。

You're working together, this place is illegal."

妳們一起共事，這是違法的。」

He was right.

他說的沒錯。

He eventually left without getting physically violent,

在最後他終於沒施暴，離開了，

但因為這樣的法律，

but the knowledge that we were breaking the law

讓那男人有機會威脅我們。

empowered that man to threaten us.

He felt confident he'd get away with it.

他有信心他能得逞。

The prohibition of street prostitution also causes more harm

禁止街頭應召

所造成的傷害比其預防的還多。

than it prevents.

Firstly, to avoid getting arrested,

首先，為躲警察，

street workers take risks to avoid detection,

街頭妓女得冒些風險以避免被發現。

and that means working alone

例如單獨工作

or in isolated locations like dark forests

或在偏僻的地方，像黑暗的森林，

where they're vulnerable to attack.

讓她們容易被攻擊的地方。

If you're caught selling sex outdoors,

如果你在街上應召被抓，

you pay a fine.

你得繳罰款。

How do you pay that fine without going back to the streets?

但哪兒來的錢付款， 除了再回街上賺？

原本就因為缺錢

It was the need for money that saw you in the streets

才會在街上招客。

in the first place.

And so the fines stack up,

因此罰款越欠越多，

and you're caught in a vicious cycle

你陷入了惡性循環，

of selling sex to pay the fines you got for selling sex.

你得賣淫來繳賣淫的罰款。

Let me tell you about Mariana Popa who worked in Redbridge, East London.

我要講「馬里 ‧ 波帕」， 在倫敦東部工作的事。

The street workers on her patch would normally wait for clients in groups

她街上的妓女一般都是群體招客，

for safety in numbers

這樣較安全，

and to warn each other about how to avoid dangerous guys.

也能警告彼此， 避免一些危險的嫖客。

But during a police crackdown on sex workers and their clients,

但在一次性交易掃蕩期間，

she was forced to work alone to avoid being arrested.

她被迫得單獨工作以避免被拘捕。

She was stabbed to death in the early hours of October 29, 2013.

在 2013 年 10 月 29 日凌晨， 她被刺殺身亡。

那天她工作得比平時要晚，

She had been working later than usual

to try to pay off a fine she had received for soliciting.

為了多賺點錢繳納賣淫的罰單。

So if criminalizing sex workers hurts them,

既然罪犯化處治 性工作者會傷害他們，

why not just criminalize the people who buy sex?

那何不就只罪犯化嫖客？

This is the aim of the third approach

這就是接下來要講的

I want to talk about --

第三種法制，

the Swedish or Nordic model of sex-work law.

瑞典和北歐的性工作法律模式。

這法律的理念是

The idea behind this law

is that selling sex is intrinsically harmful

賣淫在本質上是有害的，

and so you're, in fact, helping sex workers by removing the option.

所以借由除去市場需求， 挽救性工作者。

Despite growing support

儘管「需求終結」法

for what's often described as the "end demand" approach,

逐漸獲得支持，

there's no evidence that it works.

卻沒被證實有效。

There's just as much prostitution in Sweden as there was before.

賣淫在瑞典並沒比以前少。

Why might that be?

怎麼會這樣呢？

這是因為賣淫者

It's because people selling sex

often don't have other options for income.

通常沒有其它收入方式。

If you need that money,

如果你需要錢，

the only effect that a drop in business is going have

而生意卻低落時，

is to force you to lower your prices

你只能降價求售，

or offer more risky sexual services.

或提供高危險的性服務。

If you need to find more clients,

如果需要更多客戶，

you might seek the help of a manager.

你會求經理人幫助。

So you see, rather than putting a stop

所以你看， 這並未制止所謂的拉皮條，

to what's often descried as pimping,

a law like this actually gives oxygen

這樣的法律，

反而助長仲介濫用的機會。

to potentially abusive third parties.

To keep safe in my work,

為了安全，

I try not to take bookings from someone

我盡量不接

電話未顯示號碼的嫖客。

who calls me from a withheld number.

If it's a home or a hotel visit,

如果是去住家或酒店，

我會先問清楚嫖客的身份明細。

I try to get a full name and details.

If I worked under the Swedish model,

若在瑞典法律模式下，

a client would be too scared to give me that information.

客戶會因怕事而不把資料給我。

I might have no other choice

我可能別無選擇

but to accept a booking from a man who is untraceable

而得接受來路不明的嫖客預約。

如果後來他施暴，

if he later turns out to be violent.

If you need their money,

而你又需要他的錢，

you need to protect your clients from the police.

你就不會報警。

If you work outdoors,

如果你在街上應召，

that means working alone or in isolated locations,

就得單獨或在偏暗地點，

just as if you were criminalized yourself.

就像在跑路一樣。

另你無時間思索就上嫖客的車，

It might mean getting into cars quicker,

less negotiating time means snap decisions.

極少談商時間造成的倉促決定。

Is this guy dangerous or just nervous?

這嫖客看似危險，還是想太多？

值得冒這個險嗎？

Can you afford to take the risk?

Can you afford not to?

你又能不冒這個險嗎？

Something I'm often hearing is,

我常聽人說：

「賣淫若合法化

"Prostitution would be fine

if we made it legal and regulated it."

並加以管制就會沒事的。」

We call that approach legalization,

這是「合法化」的制度，

and it's used by countries like the Netherlands, Germany

在荷蘭、德國和美國的 內華達州

and Nevada in the US.

等國家都採用。

But it's not a great model for human rights.

但它並不是很好的人權模範。

And in state-controlled prostitution,

州政控管的賣淫制度，

commercial sex can only happen

性交易只能在

in certain legally-designated areas or venues,

特定場所發生，

and sex workers are made to comply with special restrictions,

而且性工作者得遵守特殊規定，

like registration and forced health checks.

像是註冊工作證和強制健康檢查。

這些法規在書面上看來很棒，

Regulation sounds great on paper,

but politicians deliberately make regulation around the sex industry

但政客們故意把性行業的法規

expensive and difficult to comply with.

弄得很昂貴及難以遵守。

所以造成了雙軌體系： 合法的和非法的工作。

It creates a two-tiered system: legal and illegal work.

We sometimes call it "backdoor criminalization."

有時我們稱之為「後門程序定罪。」

Rich, well-connected brothel owners can comply with the regulations,

有錢及關係良好的 妓院老闆都能遵守法規，

but more marginalized people find those hoops

但更多邊緣化的人

沒辦法遵守。

impossible to jump through.

And even if it's possible in principle,

即使在理論上是可能的，

獲得許可或適當的地點 是需要時間和成本的。

getting a license or proper venue takes time and costs money.

對那些走投無路、很缺錢的人

It's not going to be an option

for someone who's desperate and needs money tonight.

是不可能的。

他們也許是難民或逃離家暴的人。

They might be a refugee or fleeing domestic abuse.

In this two-tiered system,

在這雙重體系下，

the most vulnerable people are forced to work illegally,

走投無路的人只能非法工作，

so they're still exposed to all the dangers of criminalization

所以他們仍然暴露在我之前提過的

I mentioned earlier.

重重危險。

So.

所以，

It's looking like all attempts to control

似乎所有企圖控制

or prevent sex work from happening

或阻止性交易的辦法，

makes things more dangerous for people selling sex.

只使賣淫者的處境更加危險。

Fear of law enforcement makes them work alone in isolated locations,

對執法的恐懼，使他們 在偏僻的地方單獨工作，

嫖客甚至警察藉機虐待，

and allows clients and even cops

to get abusive in the knowledge they'll get away with it.

因為知道她們無從抵抗。

Fines and criminal records force people to keep selling sex,

罰單和刑事記錄迫使 賣淫者繼續賣淫，

rather than enabling them to stop.

而不是停止。

Crackdowns on buyers drive sellers to take dangerous risks

對嫖者的鎮壓， 迫使賣淫者冒更多的風險，

and into the arms of potentially abusive managers.

和依賴會虐待的經理人。

These laws also reinforce stigma and hatred against sex workers.

這些法律同時構成社會 對性工作者的歧視及仇恨。

When France temporarily brought in the Swedish model two years ago,

兩年前，法國試用瑞典模式期間，

ordinary citizens took it as a cue

一般市民就將它視為警訊，

to start carrying out vigilante attacks

民團開始襲擊

against people working on the street.

街上的妓女。

In Sweden, opinion surveys show

瑞典的民意調查顯示，

that significantly more people want sex workers to be arrested now

自從這法規開始實行，

有更多的人希望性工作者被拘捕。

than before the law was brought in.

If prohibition is this harmful,

如果禁令造成了這麼多壞處，

you might ask, why it so popular?

你會問，為何還風行呢？

Firstly, sex work is and always has been a survival strategy

第一，性交易一直是

特殊群體的一種謀生方式：

for all kinds of unpopular minority groups:

people of color,

有色人種、

migrants,

移民、

殘疾人士、

people with disabilities,

LGBTQ people,

同性戀及跨性別者，

particularly trans women.

尤其是跨性別女性。

These are the groups most heavily profiled

這些特殊群體

and punished through prohibitionist law.

最常被查獲及處份。

I don't think this is an accident.

這不是巧合。

These laws have political support

這些法律都有政治支持，

precisely because they target people

正因為它針對

選民不想看到或知道的特殊群體。

that voters don't want to see or know about.

Why else might people support prohibition?

還有甚麼原因令市民支持禁令呢？

Well, lots of people have understandable fears about trafficking.

很多人都對人口販賣感到恐慌。

Folks think that foreign women kidnapped and sold into sexual slavery

大多人認為，那些被綁架 和賣為性奴隸的外籍婦女

can be saved by shutting a whole industry down.

可藉由關閉整個性行業所拯救。

So let's talk about trafficking.

那就讓我們談談人口販賣。

Forced labor does occur in many industries,

許多行業裡，確實都有強迫勞動，

especially those where the workers are migrants or otherwise vulnerable,

特別是那些涉及　 移民或弱勢團體的勞工，

and this needs to be addressed.

這確實需被關注。

But it's best addressed with legislation targeting those specific abuses,

但最有效的辦法是 針對具體的項目立法，

not an entire industry.

而不是取締整個行業。

When 23 undocumented Chinese migrants

在 2004 年， 當 23 名中國偷渡客

drowned while picking cockles in Morecambe Bay in 2004,

在莫克姆灣採集海蚶時遇難，

there were no calls to outlaw the entire seafood industry

也並沒因此取締整個海鮮行業

to save trafficking victims.

來拯救人口販賣受害者。

The solution is clearly to give workers more legal protections,

解決的辦法顯然是 給勞工更多的法律保護，

allowing them to resist abuse

讓他們不用擔心被拘捕，

and report it to authorities without fear of arrest.

能安心報案，抵制這些惡行。

The way the term trafficking is thrown around

「人口販賣」的字眼

implies that all undocumented migration into prostitution is forced.

常暗示所有賣淫的偷渡客 都是被脅迫的。

In fact, many migrants have made a decision,

但事實上，這是 大多偷渡客所做的決定，

out of economic need,

出於經濟需求，

to place themselves into the hands of people smugglers.

將自己交入人口販子手上。

Many do this with the full knowledge

大多數都清楚

抵達目的地後，她們需要賣淫。

that they'll be selling sex when they reach their destination.

And yes, it can often be the case

沒錯，通常

這些人口販子會要求高額的偷渡費，

that these people smugglers demand exorbitant fees,

coerce migrants into work they don't want to do

脅迫偷渡客從事他們不想做的勞動，

and abuse them when they're vulnerable.

和濫用他們的脆弱。

That's true of prostitution,

但這並不限於賣淫，

but it's also true of agricultural work,

也涉及農業勞動，

hospitality work and domestic work.

招待業和幫傭等工作。

Ultimately, nobody wants to be forced to do any kind of work,

縱然，沒人願意 被迫做任何一種勞動，

但這是許多偷渡客

but that's a risk many migrants are willing to take,

為了遠離家鄉所願承受的。

because of what they're leaving behind.

如果這些人能合法移民，

If people were allowed to migrate legally

他們就不必將自己 交入人口販子手中。

they wouldn't have to place their lives into the hands of people smugglers.

這些問題都衍生於

The problems arise

法律禁止偷渡，

from the criminalization of migration,

就像法律禁止

just as they do from the criminalization

性工作一樣。

of sex work itself.

This is a lesson of history.

歷史告訴我們，

If you try to prohibit something that people want or need to do,

如果你禁止人們所想要或需要的，

whether that's drinking alcohol or crossing borders

不論是飲酒或遷移到其它國家，

or getting an abortion

或是墮胎，

or selling sex,

或是賣淫，

you create more problems than you solve.

那只會製造出更多問題。

Prohibition barely makes a difference

禁止並未改善

to the amount of people actually doing those things.

從事這些事情的人口數量。

But it makes a huge difference

但它對於

as to whether or not they're safe when they do them.

從事者的安危卻有巨大影響。

Why else might people support prohibition?

還有甚麼原因 會使人民支持禁令呢？

As a feminist, I know that the sex industry is a site

作為一個女權主義者， 我知道性市場裡的

of deeply entrenched social inequality.

社會地位很懸殊。

It's a fact that most buyers of sex are men with money,

大部分的嫖客都是有錢男士，

and most sellers are women without.

而大部分賣淫者是窮困的女性。

You can agree with all that -- I do --

你可以接受這一切，像我一樣，

and still think prohibition is a terrible policy.

但也同時認為禁令是個很糟的政策。

In a better, more equal world,

在更平等的世界裡，

maybe there would be far fewer people selling sex to survive,

也許能有更少人得賣性為生，

but you can't simply legislate a better world into existence.

但更好的社會不會因為 不斷立法就出現。

If someone needs to sell sex because they're poor

一個人若因貧困得賣性，

or because they're homeless

或因無家可歸，

or because they're undocumented and they can't find legal work,

或因無身份找不到正當工作，

taking away that option doesn't make them any less poor

把這項選擇去掉並不能 改善他們的窮困，

or house them

或提供他們住所，

or change their immigration status.

或改變他們的居留身份。

People worry that selling sex is degrading.

大家都覺得賣淫很低級。

Ask yourself: is it more degrading than going hungry

但試問：有比你挨餓

or seeing your children go hungry?

或看著你孩子挨餓還難堪嗎？

There's no call to ban rich people from hiring nannies

我們沒聽過要禁止富人僱用保姆，

or getting manicures,

或去修剪指甲，儘管大部分

even though most of the people doing that labor are poor, migrant women.

從事這些工作的 都是窮困的偷渡婦女。

It's the fact of poor migrant women selling sex specifically

是這些婦女賣淫這個事實

that has some feminists uncomfortable.

令一些女權主義者感到不舒服。

And I can understand

我能理解

why the sex industry provokes strong feelings.

為什麼性商業會引發強烈情感。

People have all kinds of complicated feelings

人們對於性行為

有各種複雜情感。

when it comes to sex.

But we can't make policy on the basis of mere feelings,

但我們不能靠情感 做為制定政策的基礎，

especially not over the heads of the people

尤其這些政策對

那些窮困無助的人有直接的影響。

actually effected by those policies.

If we get fixated on the abolition of sex work,

如果我們將重點放在 禁止性工作上，

we end up worrying more about a particular manifestation

我們會誤把矛頭指向這種特定的

of gender inequality,

性別不平等形式上，

rather than about the underlying causes.

而忽略了問題的根本原因。

People get really hung up on the question,

人們很喜歡問，

"Well, would you want your daughter doing it?"

「你會希望你女兒 從事這行業嗎？ 」

That's the wrong question.

這是錯誤的問題。

Instead, imagine she is doing it.

應該這樣想，如果她 已經從事這行了。

How safe is she at work tonight?

她今晚的工作安全嗎？

Why isn't she safer?

怎樣可以較安全？

So we've looked at full criminalization,

所以，我們已經審視了全面定罪、

partial criminalization, the Swedish or Nordic Model

部分定罪、瑞典、北歐模式，

and legalization,

以及合法化制度，

and how they all cause harm.

以及這些如何造成傷害。

Something I never hear asked is:

但我從沒聽人問過：

"What do sex workers want?"

「賣淫者想要什麼？」

After all, we're the ones most affected by these laws.

畢竟，我們是最直接受影響的人。

在 2003 年，紐西蘭將 性工作「除罪化」。

New Zealand decriminalized sex work in 2003.

It's crucial to remember

但必須知道

that decriminalization and legalization are not the same thing.

「除罪化」和「合法化」 是不一樣的。

Decriminalization means the removal of laws

「除罪化」表示廢除

that punitively target the sex industry,

原本針對性行業的懲處法律，

instead treating sex work much like any other kind of work.

並待性工作如一般正當工作一樣。

In New Zealand, people can work together for safety,

在紐西蘭，賣淫者 可以共事以求安全，

and employers of sex workers are accountable to the state.

性工作者的雇主也須對州政府負責。

A sex worker can refuse to see a client at any time,

性工作者可在任何時間拒絕客戶，

for any reason,

出於任何原因，

and 96 percent of street workers

有 96％ 的街頭妓女報告說，

report that they feel the law protects their rights.

他們覺得法律保護自己的權利。

New Zealand hasn't actually seen an increase

在紐西蘭也並沒因此有

in the amount of people doing sex work,

更多人從事性工作。

but decriminalizing it has made it a lot safer.

但「除罪化」讓這工作安全許多。

But the lesson from New Zealand

紐西蘭的例子重點不在

isn't just that its particular legislation is good,

它法制多好，

重點是，

but that crucially,

這法規是聯同性工作者一起制成；

it was written in collaboration with sex workers;

namely, the New Zealand Prostitutes' Collective.

名為「紐西蘭妓女共同體」。

When it came to making sex work safer,

為了使性工作更安全，

they were ready to hear it straight from sex workers themselves.

其政府直接傾聽性工作者的心聲。

Here in the UK,

在英國，我是性工作團體的成員，

I'm part of sex worker-led groups like the Sex Worker Open University

如「性工作人員大學」

and the English Collective of Prostitutes.

和「英籍妓女共同體」。

And we form part of a global movement

我們是全球運動的一部分，

demanding decriminalization and self-determination.

要求「除罪化」和自決權。

The universal symbol of our movement is the red umbrella.

這運動的象徵是紅傘。

We're supported in our demands by global bodies like UNAIDS,

支持我們的是全球性機構，

像聯合國愛滋規劃署、

the World Health Organization

世界衛生組織，和國際特赦組織。

and Amnesty International.

But we need more allies.

但是，我們需要更多的盟友。

If you care about gender equality

如果你重視性別平等，

or poverty or migration or public health,

或貧困或移民或公眾健康，

then sex worker rights matter to you.

那麼性工作者的權利關係到你。

Make space for us in your movements.

在你的運動裡騰個空間給我們。

That means not only listening to sex workers when we speak

那表示不只是傾聽我們的訴求，

but amplifying our voices.

而同時放大我們的聲音，

Resist those who silence us,

抵制那些想沉默我們的人，

those who say that a prostitute is either too victimized,

那些說妓女因為受害太深

too damaged to know what's best for herself,

身心受損到不懂什麼是對自己最好，

or else too privileged

或說我們享有特權

and too removed from real hardship,

與現實困難脫節，

not representative of the millions of voiceless victims.

不能代表數以萬計 默默受害的受害者。

This distinction between victim and empowered is imaginary.

受害者與掌權者 之間的區別是虛構的。

It exists purely to discredit sex workers

這純粹是為了詆毀性工作者

and make it easy to ignore us.

好忽視我們。

No doubt many of you work for a living.

相信你們大多數得為生活工作。

Well, sex work is work, too.

性工作也是工作。

Just like you,

和你一樣，

我們其中有喜歡這工作的，

some of us like our jobs,

some of us hate them.

和討厭這工作的。

Ultimately, most of us have mixed feelings.

畢竟，我們都對工作有複雜的情感。

But how we feel about our work

但是，我們對工作的感觀

isn't the point.

並不是重點。

And how others feel about our work certainly isn't.

別人對我們工作的感觀也不是。

What's important is that we have the right to work safely

重要的是能有權利安全工作，

and on our own terms.

而且是我們要的安全。

Sex workers are real people.

性工作者也是人。

We've had complicated experiences

我們有複雜的經歷，

and complicated responses to those experiences.

也有複雜的應對方式。

But our demands are not complicated.

但是，我們的要求並不複雜。

You can ask expensive escorts in New York City,

你可詢問紐約的高級伴遊女郎、

brothel workers in Cambodia, street workers in South Africa

在柬埔寨的妓院工作者、 在南非的街頭妓女，

and every girl on the roster at my old job in Soho,

和我以前工作過 蘇活妓院裡的每位小姐，

and they will all tell you the same thing.

他們都會說同樣的事。

You can speak to millions of sex workers

您可以問數百萬的性工作者

和無數的性工作組織。

and countless sex work-led organizations.

We want full decriminalization and labor rights as workers.

我們要全面「除罪化」 以及勞工權利。

I'm just one sex worker on the stage today,

我只是台上的一個性工作者，

but I'm bringing a message from all over the world.

但我帶來了一個 來自世界各地的訊息。

Thank you.

謝謝。

（掌聲）

(Applause)