The laws that sex workers really want | Juno Mac

Prevoditelj: Viktorija Đuđik Recezent: Ivan Stamenković

I want to talk about sex for money.

Želim razgovarati o seksu za novac.

I'm not like most of the people you'll have heard speaking

Nisam kao većina ljudi koju ste ikada čuli da govori

about prostitution before.

o prostituciji.

I'm not a police officer or a social worker.

Nisam policajka ili socijalna radnica.

I'm not an academic, a journalist or a politician.

Nisam znanstvenica, novinarka ili političarka.

And as you'll probably have picked up from Maryam's blurb,

I kao što ste vjerojatno saznali od Maryam,

I'm not a nun, either.

nisam ni časna sestra.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Most of those people would tell you that selling sex is degrading;

Većina tih ljudi bi vam rekla da je prodavanje seksa ponižavajuće,

that no one would ever choose to do it;

da taj posao nitko ne bi odabrao,

that it's dangerous; women get abused and killed.

da je opasno, žene zlostavljaju i ubijaju.

In fact, most of those people would say,

Zapravo, većina tih ljudi bi rekla,

"There should be a law against it!"

"To bi trebalo zakonom zabraniti!"

Maybe that sounds reasonable to you.

Možda vam to zvuči razborito.

It sounded reasonable to me until the closing months of 2009,

Meni je zvučilo razborito do posljednjih mjeseci 2009.,

when I was working two dead-end, minimum-wage jobs.

kad sam radila dva slabo plaćena posla bez mogućnosti napredovanja.

Every month my wages would just replenish my overdraft.

Svaki mjesec bi moje plaće samo pokrile minus.

I was exhausted and my life was going nowhere.

Bila sam iscrpljena, a moj život nije napredovao.

Like many others before me,

Kao mnoge druge prije mene,

I decided sex for money was a better option.

odlučila sam da je seks za novac bolja opcija.

Now don't get me wrong --

Nemojte me krivo shvatiti --

I would have loved to have won the lottery instead.

radije bih da sam dobila na lutriji.

But it wasn't going to happen anytime soon,

Ali to se ne bi uskoro dogodilo,

and my rent needed paying.

a trebalo je platiti stanarinu.

So I signed up for my first shift in a brothel.

Stoga sam se prijavila za svoju prvu smjenu u bordelu.

In the years that have passed,

U godinama koje su prošle,

I've had a lot of time to think.

imala sam vremena za razmišljanje.

I've reconsidered the ideas I once had about prostitution.

Promislila sam o idejama koje sam nekoć imala o prostituciji.

I've given a lot of thought to consent

Pomno sam razmislila o pristanku

and the nature of work under capitalism.

i prirodi rada u kapitalizmu.

I've thought about gender inequality

Razmišljala sam o neravnopravnost spolova

and the sexual and reproductive labor of women.

i seksualnom i reproduktivnom radu žena.

I've experienced exploitation and violence at work.

Iskusila sam iskorištavanje i nasilje na poslu.

I've thought about what's needed

Razmišljala sam što je potrebno

to protect other sex workers from these things.

da se seksualne radnice zaštite od tih stvari.

Maybe you've thought about them, too.

Možda ste i vi razmišljali o tome.

In this talk,

U ovom govoru,

I'll take you through the four main legal approaches

provest ću vas kroz četiri glavna zakonska pristupa

applied to sex work throughout the world,

koja se primjenjuju na seksualni rad u svijetu,

and explain why they don't work;

i objasniti zašto ne djeluju,

why prohibiting the sex industry actually exacerbates every harm

zašto zabranjivanje seksualne industrije zapravo pogoršava povrede

that sex workers are vulnerable to.

kojima su seksualne radnice podložne.

Then I'm going tell you about what we, as sex workers, actually want.

Zatim ću vam reći što mi, seksualne radnice, zaista želimo.

The first approach is full criminalization.

Prvi pristup je potpuna kriminalizacija.

Half the world,

Pola svijeta,

including Russia, South Africa and most of the US,

uključujući Rusiju, Južnu Afriku i većinu SAD-a,

regulates sex work by criminalizing everyone involved.

regulira seksualni rad kriminalizirajući sve uključene.

So that's seller, buyer and third parties.

To su prodavač, kupac i treće strane.

Lawmakers in these countries apparently hope

Zakonodavci ovih zemalja se valjda nadaju

that the fear of getting arrested will deter people from selling sex.

da će strah od uhićenja odvratiti ljude od prodavanja seksa.

But if you're forced to choose between obeying the law

Ali ako ste prisiljeni birati između poštivanja zakona

and feeding yourself or your family,

i prehranjivanja sebe ili obitelji,

you're going to do the work anyway,

radit ćete to svakako,

and take the risk.

i riskirati.

Criminalization is a trap.

Kriminalizacija je zamka.

It's hard to get a conventional job when you have a criminal record.

Teško je dobiti uobičajeni posao kad imate policijski dosje.

Potential employers won't hire you.

Potencijalni poslodavci vas neće zaposliti.

Assuming you still need money,

Ako još uvijek trebate novac,

you'll stay in the more flexible, informal economy.

ostat ćete u fleksibilnijoj, neformalnijoj privredi.

The law forces you to keep selling sex,

Zakon vas tjera da i dalje prodajete seks,

which is the exact opposite of its intended effect.

što je upravo suprotno od njegovog željenog učinka

Being criminalized leaves you exposed to mistreatment by the state itself.

Kad ste kriminalizirani, i sama država vas može maltretirati.

In many places you may be coerced into paying a bribe

Na mnogim mjestima mogu vas prisiliti da platite mito

or even into having sex with a police officer

ili imate seksualni odnos s policajcem

to avoid arrest.

da izbjegnete uhićenje.

Police and prison guards in Cambodia, for example,

Dokumentirano je da su policajci i zatvorski čuvari u Kambodži

have been documented subjecting sex workers

podvrgavali seksualne radnike

to what can only be described as torture:

onome što se može opisati samo kao mučenje:

threats at gunpoint,

prijetnje vatrenim oružjem,

beatings, electric shocks, rape

batine, elektrošokovi, silovanje

and denial of food.

i uskraćivanje hrane.

Another worrying thing:

Druga zabrinjavajuća stvar:

if you're selling sex in places like Kenya, South Africa or New York,

ako prodajete seks u Keniji, Južnoj Africi ili New Yorku,

a police officer can arrest you if you're caught carrying condoms,

policajac vas može uhititi ako vas uhvati da nosite kondome,

because condoms can legally be used as evidence that you're selling sex.

jer se kondomi mogu iskoristiti kao dokaz da prodajete seks.

Obviously, this increases HIV risk.

Očigledno, to povećava rizik od HIV-a.

Imagine knowing if you're busted carrying condoms,

Zamislite da znate, ako vas uhvate s kondomima,

it'll be used against you.

da će ih iskoristiti protiv vas.

It's a pretty strong incentive to leave them at home, right?

To je prilično jak razlog da ih ostavite kod kuće, zar ne?

Sex workers working in these places are forced to make a tough choice

Seksualne radnice na tim mjestima prisiljene su na težak izbor

between risking arrest or having risky sex.

između riskiranja uhićenja ili rizičnog seksa.

What would you choose?

Što biste vi izabrali?

Would you pack condoms to go to work?

Biste li nosili kondome na posao?

How about if you're worried

Što ako ste zabrinuti

the police officer would rape you when he got you in the van?

da će vas policajac silovati kad uđete u kombi?

The second approach to regulating sex work seen in these countries

Drugi pristup reguliranju seksualnog rada koji vidimo u tim zemljama je

is partial criminalization,

djelomična kriminalizacija,

where the buying and selling of sex are legal,

pri kojoj je kupovanje i prodavanje seksa legalno,

but surrounding activities,

ali okolne aktivnosti,

like brothel-keeping or soliciting on the street, are banned.

voditi bordel ili tražiti klijente na ulici, su zabranjene.

Laws like these --

Ovakvi zakoni --

we have them in the UK and in France --

imamo ih u UK i u Francuskoj --

essentially say to us sex workers,

poručuju seksualnim radnicama,

"Hey, we don't mind you selling sex,

"Hej, ne smeta nam što prodajete seks,

just make sure it's done behind closed doors

ali se pobrinite da ste iza zatvorenih vrata

and all alone."

i potpuno same."

And brothel-keeping, by the way,

A vođenje bordela, usput,

is defined as just two or more sex workers working together.

određeno je kao dvije ili više seksualne radnice koje surađuju.

Making that illegal means that many of us work alone,

Ako je to ilegalno, znači da mnoge od nas rade same,

which obviously makes us vulnerable to violent offenders.

što nas očigledno čini ranjivima na nasilne prijestupnike.

But we're also vulnerable

Ali smo također ranjive

if we choose to break the law by working together.

ako odlučimo prekršiti zakon i raditi zajedno.

A couple of years ago,

Prije nekoliko godina,

a friend of mine was nervous after she was attacked at work,

prijateljica je bila uzrujana nakon što je napadnuta na poslu,

so I said that she could see her clients from my place for a while.

pa sam joj rekla da se neko vrijeme može nalaziti s klijentima kod mene.

During that time,

U tom razdoblju,

we had another guy turn nasty.

još je jedan čovjek postao neugodan.

I told the guy to leave or I'd call the police.

Rekla sam mu da ode ili ću zvati policiju.

And he looked at the two of us and said,

On nas je pogledao i rekao,

"You girls can't call the cops.

"Ne možete vi zvati policiju.

You're working together, this place is illegal."

Radite zajedno, ovo mjesto je ilegalno."

He was right.

Bio je u pravu.

He eventually left without getting physically violent,

Na kraju je otišao, a da nije postao fizički nasilan,

but the knowledge that we were breaking the law

ali znanje da mi kršimo zakon

empowered that man to threaten us.

osnažilo ga je da nam prijeti.

He felt confident he'd get away with it.

Bio je uvjeren da će se izvući s tim.

The prohibition of street prostitution also causes more harm

Zabrana ulične prostitucije također uzrokuje više štete

than it prevents.

nego što spriječi.

Firstly, to avoid getting arrested,

Prvo, kako bi izbjegli uhićenje,

street workers take risks to avoid detection,

radnice na ulici riskiraju da ne budu viđene,

and that means working alone

a to znači da rade same

or in isolated locations like dark forests

ili na osamljenim mjestima, kao mračnim šumama

where they're vulnerable to attack.

na kojima su izloženije napadima.

If you're caught selling sex outdoors,

Ako vas uhvate da prodajete seks vani,

you pay a fine.

platite kaznu.

How do you pay that fine without going back to the streets?

Kako ćete platiti tu kaznu, a da se ne vratite na ulicu?

It was the need for money that saw you in the streets

Upravo vas je potreba za novcem

in the first place.

poslala na ulice.

And so the fines stack up,

I tako se kazne nagomilaju,

and you're caught in a vicious cycle

a vi ste zapeli u okrutan krug

of selling sex to pay the fines you got for selling sex.

prodavanja seksa da platite kazne koje ste dobili za prodavanje seksa.

Let me tell you about Mariana Popa who worked in Redbridge, East London.

Da vam ispričam o Mariani Popa, koja je radila u Redbridgu, istočni London.

The street workers on her patch would normally wait for clients in groups

Ulične radnice iz njezinog kvarta su obično u grupama čekale klijente

for safety in numbers

zbog sigurnosti u grupi

and to warn each other about how to avoid dangerous guys.

i kako bi upozorile jedna drugu kako da izbjegnu opasne momke.

But during a police crackdown on sex workers and their clients,

Ali tijekom strožih policijskih mjera prema seksualnim radnicama i klijentima,

she was forced to work alone to avoid being arrested.

bila je prisiljena raditi sama kako ne bi bila uhićena.

She was stabbed to death in the early hours of October 29, 2013.

Nasmrt je izbodena u ranim jutarnjim satima 29. listopada 2013. godine.

She had been working later than usual

Radila je kasnije nego inače

to try to pay off a fine she had received for soliciting.

da plati kaznu koju je dobila za traženje mušterija.

So if criminalizing sex workers hurts them,

Ako kriminaliziranjem seksualnih radnica njima škodimo,

why not just criminalize the people who buy sex?

zašto ne kriminaliziramo samo ljude koji kupuju seks?

This is the aim of the third approach

To je cilj trećeg pristupa

I want to talk about --

o kojem bih govorila --

the Swedish or Nordic model of sex-work law.

Švedski ili Nordijski model zakona o seksualnom radu.

The idea behind this law

Zamisao iza ovog zakona

is that selling sex is intrinsically harmful

jest da je prodavanje seksa istinski štetno

and so you're, in fact, helping sex workers by removing the option.

i da seksualnim radnicima pomažete ukidanjem te mogućnosti.

Despite growing support

Unatoč rastućoj podršci

for what's often described as the "end demand" approach,

za ono što se često opisuje kao pristup "kraj potražnji",

there's no evidence that it works.

nema dokaza da je učinkovit.

There's just as much prostitution in Sweden as there was before.

U Švedskoj je prostitucija jednako učestala kao i prije.

Why might that be?

Zašto je to tako?

It's because people selling sex

Jer osobe koje prodaju seks

often don't have other options for income.

često nemaju druge mogućnosti prihoda.

If you need that money,

Ako trebate taj novac,

the only effect that a drop in business is going have

jedini učinak koji će imati pad u poslovanju

is to force you to lower your prices

je što ćete morati sniziti cijene

or offer more risky sexual services.

ili ponuditi riskantnije seksualne usluge.

If you need to find more clients,

Ako vam treba više klijenata,

you might seek the help of a manager.

možda ćete potražiti pomoć menadžera.

So you see, rather than putting a stop

Stoga vidite, umjesto da prekinete

to what's often descried as pimping,

ono što se inače zove svodništvo,

a law like this actually gives oxygen

ovakav zakon potiče nastanak

to potentially abusive third parties.

potencijalno nasilne treće strane.

To keep safe in my work,

Kako bih ostala sigurna u svom poslu,

I try not to take bookings from someone

nastojim ne uzimati ponude od nekoga

who calls me from a withheld number.

tko me zove sa skrivenog broja.

If it's a home or a hotel visit,

Ako je posjet u kući ili u hotelu,

I try to get a full name and details.

nastojim saznati puno ime i detalje.

If I worked under the Swedish model,

Kad bih radila po Švedskom modelu,

a client would be too scared to give me that information.

klijent bi se previše bojao dati mi te podatke.

I might have no other choice

Možda ne bih imala izbora

but to accept a booking from a man who is untraceable

nego prihvatiti ponudu čovjeka kojem se ne može ući u trag

if he later turns out to be violent.

ako se ispostavi da je nasilan.

If you need their money,

Ako trebate njihov novac,

you need to protect your clients from the police.

trebate zaštititi klijente od policije.

If you work outdoors,

Ako radite vani,

that means working alone or in isolated locations,

to znači da radite sami ili na osamljenim mjestima,

just as if you were criminalized yourself.

baš kao da se i kriminalizirate.

It might mean getting into cars quicker,

Možda ćete brže ući u auto,

less negotiating time means snap decisions.

kraće pregovaranje znači brze odluke.

Is this guy dangerous or just nervous?

Je li on opasan ili samo nervozan?

Can you afford to take the risk?

Možete li preuzeti taj rizik?

Can you afford not to?

Možete li ga odbiti?

Something I'm often hearing is,

Često čujem,

"Prostitution would be fine

"Prostitucija bi bila u redu

if we made it legal and regulated it."

da je legaliziramo i reguliramo."

We call that approach legalization,

Taj pristup zovemo legalizacija,

and it's used by countries like the Netherlands, Germany

i koriste ga zemlje kao Nizozemska, Njemačka

and Nevada in the US.

i Nevada u SAD-u.

But it's not a great model for human rights.

Ali to nije dobar model za ljudska prava.

And in state-controlled prostitution,

A u prostituciji pod kontrolom države,

commercial sex can only happen

komercijalni seks je moguć samo

in certain legally-designated areas or venues,

u zakonski uređenim područjima ili mjestima,

and sex workers are made to comply with special restrictions,

a seksualne radnice se pridržavaju posebnim ograničenjima,

like registration and forced health checks.

kao što su registracija i prisilni zdravstveni pregledi.

Regulation sounds great on paper,

Regulacija zvuči odlično na papiru,

but politicians deliberately make regulation around the sex industry

ali političari namjerno donose odredbe oko seksualne industrije

expensive and difficult to comply with.

koje je skupo i teško poštivati.

It creates a two-tiered system: legal and illegal work.

To stvara dvoredni sustav: legalni i ilegalni rad.

We sometimes call it "backdoor criminalization."

Katkad to zovemo "potajna kriminalizacija".

Rich, well-connected brothel owners can comply with the regulations,

Bogati, dobro povezani vlasnici bordela mogu poštivati odredbe,

but more marginalized people find those hoops

ali marginalizirani ljudi

impossible to jump through.

teško nadilaze te prepreke.

And even if it's possible in principle,

A čak i ako je to u načelu moguće,

getting a license or proper venue takes time and costs money.

dobivanje dozvole ili dobrog mjesta zahtijeva vrijeme i novac.

It's not going to be an option

Neće biti opcija

for someone who's desperate and needs money tonight.

nekome tko je očajan i treba novac večeras.

They might be a refugee or fleeing domestic abuse.

Možda su izbjeglice ili bježe od obiteljskog nasilja.

In this two-tiered system,

U ovom dvorednom sustavu,

the most vulnerable people are forced to work illegally,

najranjiviji ljudi su prisiljeni raditi ilegalno,

so they're still exposed to all the dangers of criminalization

zato su i dalje izloženi svim opasnostima kriminalizacije

I mentioned earlier.

koje sam ranije spomenula.

So.

Dakle.

It's looking like all attempts to control

Čini se da svi pokušaji kontroliranja

or prevent sex work from happening

ili sprječavanja seksualnog rada

makes things more dangerous for people selling sex.

čine okolnosti opasnije za osobe koje prodaju seks.

Fear of law enforcement makes them work alone in isolated locations,

Strah od provođenja zakona tjera ih da rade sami na osamljenim mjestima,

and allows clients and even cops

i dozvoljava klijentima i policiji

to get abusive in the knowledge they'll get away with it.

da postanu nasilni zbog spoznaje da neće biti kažnjeni.

Fines and criminal records force people to keep selling sex,

Kazne i policijski dosjei tjeraju ljude da i dalje prodaju seks,

rather than enabling them to stop.

umjesto da im omogućuju da prestanu.

Crackdowns on buyers drive sellers to take dangerous risks

Strože kazne za kupce tjeraju prodavače na opasan rizik

and into the arms of potentially abusive managers.

i u ruke potencijalno nasilnih menadžera.

These laws also reinforce stigma and hatred against sex workers.

Ovi zakoni pojačavaju stigmu i mržnju prema seksualnim radnicama.

When France temporarily brought in the Swedish model two years ago,

Kad je Francuska prije dvije godine privremeno uvela švedski model

ordinary citizens took it as a cue

obični građani su to shvatili kao znak

to start carrying out vigilante attacks

za početak opreznih napada

against people working on the street.

na ljude koji rade na ulici.

In Sweden, opinion surveys show

Ankete u Švedskoj su pokazale

that significantly more people want sex workers to be arrested now

da puno veći broj ljudi želi uhićenje seksualnih radnika sada

than before the law was brought in.

nego prije uvođenja tog zakona.

If prohibition is this harmful,

Ako je zabrana ovoliko štetna,

you might ask, why it so popular?

možda se pitate, zašto je tako popularna?

Firstly, sex work is and always has been a survival strategy

Prvo, seksualni rad jest i uvijek će biti strategija preživljavanja

for all kinds of unpopular minority groups:

za sve vrste nepopularnih manjinskih skupina:

people of color,

ne-bijelci,

migrants,

migranti,

people with disabilities,

osobe s invaliditetom,

LGBTQ people,

LGBTQ osobe,

particularly trans women.

osobito transseksualke.

These are the groups most heavily profiled

Ove skupine su najizdvojenije

and punished through prohibitionist law.

i kažnjene prohibicionističkim zakonom.

I don't think this is an accident.

Ne vjerujem da je to slučajnost.

These laws have political support

Ovi zakoni imaju političku podršku

precisely because they target people

upravo zato što ciljaju ljude

that voters don't want to see or know about.

koje glasači ne žele vidjeti ili znati za njih.

Why else might people support prohibition?

Zašto bi inače ljudi podržavali zabranu?

Well, lots of people have understandable fears about trafficking.

Mnogi imaju razumljiv strah od trgovanja ljudima.

Folks think that foreign women kidnapped and sold into sexual slavery

Ljudi misle da se strankinje, otete i prodane u seksualno ropstvo,

can be saved by shutting a whole industry down.

mogu spasiti gašenjem cijele industrije.

So let's talk about trafficking.

Zato razgovarajmo o trgovanju ljudima.

Forced labor does occur in many industries,

Prisilni rad se javlja u mnogim industrijskim granama,

especially those where the workers are migrants or otherwise vulnerable,

osobito u kojima su radnici migranti ili na drugi način ranjivi,

and this needs to be addressed.

i time se treba baviti.

But it's best addressed with legislation targeting those specific abuses,

A najbolje ga je riješiti zakonima koji ciljaju određene slučaje,

not an entire industry.

ne cijelu industriju.

When 23 undocumented Chinese migrants

Kad su se 23 neprijavljena kineska migranta

drowned while picking cockles in Morecambe Bay in 2004,

utopila dok su brali školjke u Zaljevu Morecambe 2004. godine,

there were no calls to outlaw the entire seafood industry

nije bilo poziva za zabranjivanje cijele industrije

to save trafficking victims.

da se spase žrtve.

The solution is clearly to give workers more legal protections,

Rješenje je jasno dati radnicima više pravne zaštite,

allowing them to resist abuse

dopustiti im da se odupru zlostavljanju

and report it to authorities without fear of arrest.

i prijave vlastima bez straha od uhićenja.

The way the term trafficking is thrown around

Način na koji se razbacujemo "trgovanjem ljudima"

implies that all undocumented migration into prostitution is forced.

implicira da je sva nezabilježena migracija u prostituciju prisiljena.

In fact, many migrants have made a decision,

Zapravo, mnogi migranti su odlučili,

out of economic need,

iz ekonomske potrebe,

to place themselves into the hands of people smugglers.

staviti se u ruke krijumčara ljudi.

Many do this with the full knowledge

Mnogi to rade iako jasno znaju

that they'll be selling sex when they reach their destination.

da će prodavati seks kad stignu na odredište.

And yes, it can often be the case

Da, često se događa

that these people smugglers demand exorbitant fees,

da krijumčari zahtijevaju pretjerane naknade,

coerce migrants into work they don't want to do

prisiljavaju migrante na posao koji ne žele

and abuse them when they're vulnerable.

i zlostavljaju ih kad su ranjivi.

That's true of prostitution,

To vrijedi za prostituciju,

but it's also true of agricultural work,

ali također i za rad u poljoprivredi,

hospitality work and domestic work.

ugostiteljstvo i služenje u kući.

Ultimately, nobody wants to be forced to do any kind of work,

Na kraju, nitko ne želi biti prisiljen raditi bilo kakav posao,

but that's a risk many migrants are willing to take,

ali to je rizik koji su mnogi migranti spremni prihvatiti,

because of what they're leaving behind.

zbog onoga što ostavljaju.

If people were allowed to migrate legally

Da je ljudima dopušteno legalno migrirati

they wouldn't have to place their lives into the hands of people smugglers.

ne bi morali stavljati svoje živote u ruke krijumčara ljudi.

The problems arise

Problem nastaje

from the criminalization of migration,

zbog kriminalizacije migriranja,

just as they do from the criminalization

kao i zbog kriminalizacije

of sex work itself.

samog seksualnog rada.

This is a lesson of history.

To je lekcija iz povijesti.

If you try to prohibit something that people want or need to do,

Ako pokušate zabraniti nešto što ljudi žele ili trebaju raditi,

whether that's drinking alcohol or crossing borders

bilo da je to piti alkohol ili prijeći granice

or getting an abortion

ili pobaciti

or selling sex,

ili prodavati seks,

you create more problems than you solve.

stvarate više problema nego što rješavate.

Prohibition barely makes a difference

Zabrana skoro ništa ne znači

to the amount of people actually doing those things.

ljudima koji zaista čine te stvari.

But it makes a huge difference

Ali znači puno

as to whether or not they're safe when they do them.

za njihovu sigurnost dok ih čine.

Why else might people support prohibition?

Zašto bi inače ljudi podržavali zabranu?

As a feminist, I know that the sex industry is a site

Kao feministkinja, znam da je seksualna industrija

of deeply entrenched social inequality.

mjesto duboko ukorijenjene društvene nejednakosti.

It's a fact that most buyers of sex are men with money,

Činjenica je da većinu kupaca seksa čine muškarci s novcem,

and most sellers are women without.

a većinu prodavača žene bez novca.

You can agree with all that -- I do --

Možete se slagati s time -- kao ja --

and still think prohibition is a terrible policy.

a i dalje misliti da je zabrana užasna odluka.

In a better, more equal world,

U boljem, ravnopravnijem svijetu,

maybe there would be far fewer people selling sex to survive,

možda bi bilo puno manje ljudi koji prodaju seks kako bi preživjeli,

but you can't simply legislate a better world into existence.

ali ne možete samo zakonima ostvariti bolji svijet.

If someone needs to sell sex because they're poor

Ako netko treba prodavati seks jer je siromašan

or because they're homeless

ili jer je beskućnik

or because they're undocumented and they can't find legal work,

ili jer nema dokumente i ne može pronaći zakonit posao,

taking away that option doesn't make them any less poor

uzimanje ove opcije ne čini ih manje siromašnima

or house them

ne daje im kuću

or change their immigration status.

ili mijenja status imigranta.

People worry that selling sex is degrading.

Ljudi se brinu da je prodavanje seksa ponižavajuće.

Ask yourself: is it more degrading than going hungry

Zapitajte se: je li to veće poniženje nego biti gladan

or seeing your children go hungry?

ili vidjeti svoju djecu gladnu?

There's no call to ban rich people from hiring nannies

Nema poziva na zabranu bogatih ljudi za zapošljavanje dadilja

or getting manicures,

ili odlazaka na manikure,

even though most of the people doing that labor are poor, migrant women.

iako taj posao većinom rade siromašne migrantice.

It's the fact of poor migrant women selling sex specifically

Samo činjenica da siromašne migrantice prodaju seks

that has some feminists uncomfortable.

nekim feministkinjama stvara neugodu.

And I can understand

I mogu razumjeti

why the sex industry provokes strong feelings.

zašto seksualna industrija izaziva snažne osjećaje.

People have all kinds of complicated feelings

Ljudi imaju svakakve komplicirane osjećaje

when it comes to sex.

kad se radi o seksu.

But we can't make policy on the basis of mere feelings,

Ali ne možemo stvarati politiku samo na temelju osjećaja,

especially not over the heads of the people

a pogotovo bez uključivanja ljudi

actually effected by those policies.

na koje ona zapravo utječe.

If we get fixated on the abolition of sex work,

Ako se usredotočimo na ukidanje seksualnog rada,

we end up worrying more about a particular manifestation

na kraju se više brinemo o određenom pokazivanju

of gender inequality,

spolne nejednakosti,

rather than about the underlying causes.

nego o njezinim uzrocima.

People get really hung up on the question,

Ljudi inzistiraju na pitanju,

"Well, would you want your daughter doing it?"

"I, bi li htjela da tvoja kći to radi?"

That's the wrong question.

To je krivo pitanje.

Instead, imagine she is doing it.

Umjesto toga, zamisli da ona to radi.

How safe is she at work tonight?

Koliko je sigurna noću na poslu?

Why isn't she safer?

Zašto nije sigurnija?

So we've looked at full criminalization,

Pogledali smo potpunu kriminalizaciju,

partial criminalization, the Swedish or Nordic Model

djelomičnu kriminalizaciju, Švedski ili Nordijski model

and legalization,

i legalizaciju,

and how they all cause harm.

te kako su svi oni štetni.

Something I never hear asked is:

Nikad nisam čula pitanje:

"What do sex workers want?"

"Što seksualne radnice žele?"

After all, we're the ones most affected by these laws.

Uostalom, mi smo pod najvećim utjecajem tih zakona.

New Zealand decriminalized sex work in 2003.

Novi Zeland je dekriminalizirao seksualni rad 2003.

It's crucial to remember

Važno je zapamtiti

that decriminalization and legalization are not the same thing.

da dekriminalizacija i legalizacija nisu iste stvari.

Decriminalization means the removal of laws

Dekriminalizacija je ukidanje zakona

that punitively target the sex industry,

kojima je cilj kazniti seksualnu industiju

instead treating sex work much like any other kind of work.

umjesto da tretira seksualni rad kao svaku drugu vrstu posla.

In New Zealand, people can work together for safety,

U Novom Zelandu ljudi mogu raditi zajedno radi sigurnosti,

and employers of sex workers are accountable to the state.

a poslodavci seksualnih radnica odgovaraju državi.

A sex worker can refuse to see a client at any time,

Seksualna radnica može bilo kada odbiti vidjeti klijenta,

for any reason,

iz bilo kojeg razloga,

and 96 percent of street workers

i 96% seksualnih radnica na ulici

report that they feel the law protects their rights.

izjavljuje da osjećaju da zakon štiti njihova prava.

New Zealand hasn't actually seen an increase

U Novom Zelandu nije zabilježen porast

in the amount of people doing sex work,

broja ljudi koji se bave seksualnim radom,

but decriminalizing it has made it a lot safer.

ali dekriminalizacija ga je učinila sigurnijim.

But the lesson from New Zealand

Ali lekcija iz Novog Zelanda

isn't just that its particular legislation is good,

nije samo da su njegovi posebni zakoni dobri,

but that crucially,

nego najvažnije,

it was written in collaboration with sex workers;

da su napisani u suradnji sa seksualnim radnicama,

namely, the New Zealand Prostitutes' Collective.

točnije, s Kolektivom prostitutki Novog Zelanda.

When it came to making sex work safer,

Kad je trebalo seksualni rad učiniti sigurnijim

they were ready to hear it straight from sex workers themselves.

bili su spremni izravno poslušati seksualne radnice.

Here in the UK,

Ovdje u UK,

I'm part of sex worker-led groups like the Sex Worker Open University

dio sam grupa koje vode seksualne radnice: Otvoreno učilište seksualnih radnica

and the English Collective of Prostitutes.

i Engleski kolektiv prostitutki.

And we form part of a global movement

Dio smo globalnog pokreta

demanding decriminalization and self-determination.

koji zahtijeva dekriminalizaciju i samoodređenje.

The universal symbol of our movement is the red umbrella.

Opći simbol našeg pokreta je crveni kišobran.

We're supported in our demands by global bodies like UNAIDS,

Naše zahtjeve podupiru globalna tijela poput UNAIDS-a,

the World Health Organization

Svjetske zdravstvene organizacije

and Amnesty International.

i Amnesty International.

But we need more allies.

Ali trebamo više saveznika.

If you care about gender equality

Ako vam je stalo do ravnopravnosti spolova

or poverty or migration or public health,

ili siromaštva ili migracija ili javnog zdravlja,

then sex worker rights matter to you.

tada vam je stalo i do prava seksualnih radnica.

Make space for us in your movements.

Napravite nam mjesta u svojim pokretima.

That means not only listening to sex workers when we speak

To znači ne samo slušanje seksualnih radnica kad govorimo,

but amplifying our voices.

nego i pojačavanje naših glasova.

Resist those who silence us,

Oduprite se onima koji nas utišavaju,

those who say that a prostitute is either too victimized,

onima koji kažu da se prostitutka prečesto proglasi žrtvom,

too damaged to know what's best for herself,

da je previše oštećena da zna što je najbolje za nju,

or else too privileged

ili previše privilegirana

and too removed from real hardship,

i previše udaljena od pravih nevolja,

not representative of the millions of voiceless victims.

nije predstavnica milijuna žrtava bez glasa.

This distinction between victim and empowered is imaginary.

Razlika između žrtava i osnaženih je imaginarna.

It exists purely to discredit sex workers

Postoji samo kako bi seksualne radnice izgubile ugled

and make it easy to ignore us.

i kako bi ih bilo lakše ignorirati.

No doubt many of you work for a living.

Bez sumnje mnogi od vas rade za život.

Well, sex work is work, too.

Pa, seks je također rad.

Just like you,

Baš kao vi,

some of us like our jobs,

neke od nas vole svoj posao,

some of us hate them.

neke od nas ga mrze.

Ultimately, most of us have mixed feelings.

Naposljetku, većina nas ima podijeljene osjećaje.

But how we feel about our work

Ali ne radi se o tome

isn't the point.

što mislimo o poslu.

And how others feel about our work certainly isn't.

A sigurno se ne radi ni o tome što drugi misle o našem poslu.

What's important is that we have the right to work safely

Važno je da imamo pravo raditi na sigurnom

and on our own terms.

i pod vlastitim uvjetima.

Sex workers are real people.

Seksualne radnice su stvarne osobe.

We've had complicated experiences

Imale smo složena iskustva

and complicated responses to those experiences.

i složene odgovore na ta iskustva.

But our demands are not complicated.

Ali naši zahtjevi nisu složeni.

You can ask expensive escorts in New York City,

Možete pitati skupe dame u New York Cityju,

brothel workers in Cambodia, street workers in South Africa

radnice u bordelima Kambodže, radnice na ulicama Južne Afrike,

and every girl on the roster at my old job in Soho,

i svaku djevojku s popisa na mom prošlom poslu u Sohou

and they will all tell you the same thing.

i sve će vam reći isto.

You can speak to millions of sex workers

Možete govoriti s milijunima seksualnih radnica

and countless sex work-led organizations.

i nebrojenim organizacijama koje vodi seksualni rad.

We want full decriminalization and labor rights as workers.

Želimo potpunu dekriminalizaciju i radnička prava kao radnice.

I'm just one sex worker on the stage today,

Ja sam samo jedna seksualna radnica danas ovdje,

but I'm bringing a message from all over the world.

ali donosim poruku iz cijelog svijeta.

Thank you.

Hvala.

(Applause)

(Pljesak).